Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义围绕林巧稚事迹，系统梳理重点词汇（如moral, virtue）、短语（carry through, tend to do）及核心句式（否定词+比较级表最高级、不定式作定语），通过词汇精讲与语法练习构建从基础积累到语境应用的学习支架。 资料以人物事迹为载体整合语言知识，通过即学即练（如词汇派生词拓展、句式精析）提升语言能力，阅读理解与填句训练培养思维品质，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后练习助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ) [重点单词] 1．　moral　 adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意 2．　virtue　 n．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 3．　precious　 adj.珍稀的；宝贵的 4．　majority　 n．大部分；大多数 5．　hire　 vt.聘任；雇用；租用 6．　faraway　 adj.遥远的 7．　elsewhere　 adv.在别处；去别处 8．　tend　 vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于 9．　publish　 vt.发表(作品)；出版 10．　sharp　 adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的 11．　marry　 v．结婚→　marriage　 n．结婚；婚姻→　married　 adj.已婚的 12．　complain　 vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→　complaint　 n．抱怨，怨言→　complaining　 adj.诉苦的；抱怨的 13．　reject　 vt.拒绝接受；不录用→　rejection　 n．拒绝接受；否决 14．　appoint　 vt.任命；委派→　appointment　 n．约定；任命；职务；职位→　appointed　 adj.指定的，约定的 15．　elect　 vt.选举；推选→　election　 n．选举；推选；当选 16．　retire　 vi.&vt.退休；退职；退出→　retirement　 n．退休，引退→　retired　 adj.退休的；退役的 17．　scare　 vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→　scared　 adj.害怕的；惊慌的；恐惧的；担心的 18．　energetic　 adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→　energy　 n．能量；活力；精力 19．　replace　 vt.接替；取代；更换→　replacement　 n．代替，复位→　replaceable　 adj.可代替的 [重点短语] 1．carry sb. 　through　 sth.帮助某人渡过难关 2．tend 　to_do　 sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3．be faced 　with　 面对 4．next 　to　紧邻；在……近旁 5．in need 　of　需要 6．　throughout　 one's life在某人的一生中 7．care 　for　喜欢；照料 8．　of　 one's own某人自己的 [重点句式] 1．“... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？” [句式精析]　该句是由连词and连接的较为复杂的并列句。第二个分句中if引导条件状语从句，现在分词短语saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired作状语，而I'm cold, hungry, or tired又是省略that的宾语从句。 试译：“　对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵了，如果他们把生命交给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我冷，饿，累呢？”　 2．Think about what you would do if you were ever faced with the same situation as the girl. [句式精析]　本句为虚拟句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。 试译：　想想如果你和那个女孩遇到同样的情况你会怎么做　。 3．She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB—GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. [句式精析]　动词不定式短语作定语修饰the first woman。 试译： 　她立刻成为第一个被聘为协和医学院妇产科住院医师的女性　。 [词汇精讲] 1 (教材 P15)Think about what you would do if you were ever faced with the same situation as the girl. 想想如果你遇到和那个女孩一样的情况，你会怎么做。 　 be faced with面对…… ◆[佳句感知] If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I wouldn't be where I am. 我如果没有面对那么多障碍，就不会有今天。 ◆[拓展归纳] face sth.面对…… face to fact面对面 in the face of面对…… lose face 丢脸；失面子 save one's face挽回面子 make a face 做鬼脸 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①Tom likes to talk with others 　face_to_face　. 汤姆喜欢面对面地与别人交谈。 ②You'd better make great efforts to achieve it, otherwise you will 　lose_face　. 你最好全力以赴去实现它，否则你会颜面尽失的。 ③He didn't admit his mistakes in order to 　save_his_face　 in public. 为了在公众场合下保全面子他不承认错误。 ④　Faced_with_so_much_trouble　， we failed to complete the task on time. 面对如此多的麻烦，我们没能按时完成任务。 ⑤She showed great courage 　in_the_face_of　 danger. 面对危险，她表现出了巨大的勇气。 语法填空 ⑥The boy made 　a　 face just to make others laugh. ⑦　Facing　 (face) difficulties, he never gives in and manages to overcome them. 2 (教材 P16)These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。 　carry(sb.) through(sth.)帮助某人渡过难关 ◆[佳句感知] Her determination carried her through the ordeal eventually. 最终，她那坚强的信心帮她渡过了难关。 ◆[拓展归纳] 与carry相关的其他短语 carry over(在不同情况下)继续存在 carry on (doing) sth.继续做；进行(从事)某事 carry off成功地对付；赢得 carry out进行；实行 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to 　carry_on_a_conversation　 with her. 我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。 ②Sand and leaves 　were/got_carried_away　 by waterflow. 沙子和树叶被流水冲走了。 ③The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if 　carried_out　 regularly, can improve our health. 这项实验表明，如果有规律地进行适当的运动能够改善我们的身体健康。 ④I am wondering if he will 　carry_off_the_prize　. 我想知道他是否会获奖。 语法填空 ⑤　Having_carried　 (carry) out the experiment, they got down to analysing the results. 3 (教材 P16)At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. 18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的结婚道路，而是选择了学医。 　majority n. 大部分；大多数 ◆[佳句感知] However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they are trained to be. 然而，大多数能成为有影响力的演说家，是因为他们受过训练。 ◆[拓展归纳] major adj.主要的；重要的n.专业；主修课程 minority n．少数，小部分 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①　The_majority_was/were　 in favour of banning smoking. 大多数人支持禁烟。 ②When the manager spoke out his plan, 　the_majority_of　 the stuff were against it. 当经理说出他的计划的时候，大多数员工都反对它。 ③We have encountered 　major_problems　. 我们遇到了严重的问题。 ④Only 　a_minority_of　 British households do not have a car. 只有少数英国家庭没有汽车。 4 (教材 P16)She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！” 她回答说：“为了终身学习我宁愿单身！” 　respond vt.回答；响应；做出反应 ◆[佳句感知] I was too busy to respond to all the letters. 我太忙无暇回复所有的来信。 ◆[拓展归纳] respond to sb./sth.回答某人/回应某事 response n．响应；回答 in response to作为对……的回答/答复(通常作状语) make no response没做任何回答 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①He is about to 　respond_to_that_news　. 他将会为那则消息做出回应。 ②The designer 　has_never_responded_to_　 my letter. 设计者从来没有给我回过信。 ③　In_response_to　 these customers' complaint, the company 　responded_to　 those angry customers with an open letter. 为对这些顾客的投诉做出回应，这家公司以一封公开信回复了那些生气的顾客。 语法填空 ④There has been no 　response　(respond) to the boss's remarks from the company. 5 (教材 P16)In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB—GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. 1941年，林医生成为第一个被任命为协和医学院妇产科主任的中国女性，但仅仅几个月后，由于战争，妇产科被关闭了。 　 appoint vt.任命；委派 ◆[佳句感知] The leader appointed me to take charge of all the activities on National Day. 领导派我安排在国庆节那天所有的活动。 ◆[拓展归纳] appoint sb.(as/to be)．..任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事 appointment n．任命，约会 make an appointment with sb.与某人约会/预约 keep/break an appointment守/违约 appointed adj.指定的；约定的 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①I 　have_an_appointment_with　 Dr Smith, but I need to change it. 我与史密斯医生有约，但是我需要改变一下。 ②Sam 　has_been_appointed_as/to_be_manager　 of the engineering department to take the place of George. 山姆已经被指定代替乔治担任工程部经理。 ③If you want to see the doctor, you'd better 　make_an_appointment_with　 him in advance. 如果你想看医生，最好事先跟他预约好。 语法填空 ④I left early because I had an 　appointment　 (appoint) later that day. ⑤It's reported that two experts have just been appointed 　to_look　 (look) into food safety. 6 (教材 P17)She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. 她对照顾病人、发表有关妇幼保健的医学研究(报告)，以及培训下一代医生更感兴趣。 　(1)tend vt.照顾，照料vi.倾向；趋于 ◆[佳句感知] While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts，... 虽然我常常买很多书，但这三本是送给我的礼物，…… ◆[拓展归纳] tend to do sth.往往会做某事，倾向做某事 tend to/towards...趋向于…… tendency n．倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①He 　was_carefully_tended　 by the physicians. 医生们对他精心照料。 ②People 　tend_to_need　 less sleep as they get older. 随着年龄的增长，人需要的睡眠通常会减少。 ③Prices 　have_tended_downwards　 over recent years. 近年来物价趋于下降。 语法填空 ④I tend 　to_have　 (have) a holiday at seaside. ⑤There is a growing 　tendency　 (tend) for people to work at home instead of in the office. (2) publish vt.发表；出版 ◆[佳句感知] Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel. 记住，Thomas Costain出版第一部小说时已57岁了。 ◆[拓展归纳] publisher n．出版商；发行商 publishing n．[U]出版业，出版界 a publishing house出版公司；出版社 ◆[词语辨析]　publish与come out 词条 含义 publish 指图书、杂志等的“出版，发行”；也可指文章、信件在报纸、书刊等上面“刊登，发表”，可用于主动语态和被动语态 come out 通常表示书、唱片等的“出版，发行”，不能用于被动语态 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①The press 　has_published_five_Chinese_dictionaries　. 那家出版社已经出版了五部汉语字典。 ②When 　was_the_book_published　？ 那本书什么时候出版？ 用publish或come out的适当形式填空 ③We can't 　publish　 all the letters we received. ④Her second novel 　came_out/was_published　 in July last year. ⑤When is his new album 　coming_out　？ 语法填空 ⑥(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)On Thursday in an article 　published　 (publish) in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaption... 7 (教材 P17)Many Americans have complained about the sharp increase in the cost of health care and health insurance recently. 许多美国人对最近医疗保健和健康保险费用的急剧增加而抱怨。 　sharp adj.急剧的；锋利的；明显的 ◆[佳句感知] Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat­eating animals. 因此尽管一百万年前的人类大脑(体积)很大，石制工具也很锋利，但他们仍然活在对肉食动物的无休止的恐惧中。 ◆[拓展归纳] be sharp with sb.对某人刻薄/严厉 keep a sharp eye on sb.密切关注某人 look sharp赶快；赶紧 the sharp end of sth.最困难的地方 not the sharpest knife in the drawer不聪明 sharply adv.急剧地；大幅度地 sharpen v．变(使)锋利 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①A journalist should always 　keep_a_sharp_mind　. 一名新闻记者应该永远保持机敏的头脑。 ②You must be very careful with 　this_sharp_knife　. 你用这把锋利的刀子时必须要很小心。 ③It quickly got around that the price of pork 　had_risen_sharply　. 猪肉价格大幅度上涨的消息很快传播开来。 ④He 　was_very_sharp_with_me　 when I was late. 我迟到了，他狠狠地训了我一通。 ⑤Teachers always 　keep_a_sharp_eye_on　 those naughty boys in class. 老师们在课上总是会密切关注那些淘气的男生。 语法填空 ⑥A workman must 　sharpen　 (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well. (工欲善某事，必先利其器) ⑦Demand for personal computers has risen 　sharply　 (sharp). 8 (教材 P17)One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn. 雇佣精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的优点之一是他们倾向于对工作表现出兴趣，并且渴望学习。 　energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的 ◆[佳句感知] He is young, energetic and dynamic and is to get things done. 他年轻有为、精力充沛而且生机勃勃，一定把事情办妥。 ◆[拓展归纳] energy n．能量；活力；精力 be full of energy 精力充沛 energetically adv.精力充沛地；精神饱满地 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①　To_stay_energetic　， he took a cup of coffee. 为保持精力充沛，他喝了一杯咖啡。 ②The old man, though more than 90 years old, 　is_full_of_energy　. 这位老人已90多岁高龄仍然精力充沛。 语法填空 ③Although my grandpa is in his seventies, he is still 　energetic　 (energy) and helps us do some farming. ④David worked until midnight but he got up early this morning and looked 　energetic　 (energy)． ⑤He has been working 　energetically　 (energetic) all year on his new book. 9 (教材P17)She was so scared during the interview that... 她在面试中如此害怕以至于…… 　 scared adj.害怕的；感到惊慌或恐惧的 ◆[佳句感知] A few minutes later, the bear came back. This time, we were so scared. 几分钟后，那只熊又回来了。这次我们非常害怕。 ◆[拓展归纳] be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物 be scared害怕做某事 scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓 scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事 scare sb.to death使某人大受惊吓，吓得要死 scare... away/off把……吓跑 scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①I 　was　 nearly 　scared_to_death　 when hearing that big noise. 听到那巨大的噪声，我几乎被吓死了。 ②He 　was_scared_to_stay/of_staying　 outside late at night because he was 　scared_of_being_robbed/to_be_robbed　. 深夜他不敢待在外面，因为害怕被抢劫。 ③She moved quietly to avoid 　scaring_the_birds_away　. 她动作很轻，不想把鸟儿吓走。 语法填空 ④The rising prices of oil have scared the customers 　away/off　. ⑤To tell you the truth, the movie is too 　scary　 (scare)． ⑥Hearing the sudden shot, the little boy was almost 　scared　 (scare) to death. 10 (教材 P17)The student union will hold a special meeting... someone to replace the secretary. 学生会将会举行一次特别会议……某人来取代秘书。 　 replace vt.把……放回原处；代替，取代；替换 ◆[佳句感知] Could glowing plants replace lamps? 发光植物能取代照明灯吗？ ◆[拓展归纳] 有关“代替”的短语 (1)replace sth. with sth.用……替换…… (2)take the place of＝take one's place代替 in place of代替 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①You have to 　replace_the_books　 on the shelves before you leave. 你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。 ②It is generally believed that 　teachers_will_never_be_replaced_with　 computers in class. 人们普遍认为在课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 ③It would be difficult to find a man 　in_place_of　 the present manager. ＝It would be difficult to find a man to 　take_the_place_of　 the present manager. 找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。 [句式精析] 1 (教材 P16)To a person nothing is more precious than their life... 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了…… 　nothing is＋(形容词)比较级＋than... [句式分析]　本句为“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的一种方式；译为“没有……比……更加……” ◆[佳句感知] We used to think that insects were smallest organisms, and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. 我们过去认为昆虫是最小的生物，并且任何东西不会生活在水中600米处以下。 ◆[拓展归纳] 比较级表示最高级的结构 “否定词＋比较级表示最高级” ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①I've never seen 　a_smarter_dog_than_this_one　. 我再没有见过比这条狗更聪明的了。 ②I decided to go with them, mainly because I had 　nothing_better_to_do　. 我决定同他们一起去，这主要是因为我没有更好的事情可做。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. ③＝The Yangtze River is 　longer_than_any_of_the_other_rivers　 in China. 长江比中国其他的任何一条河都长。 ④＝The Yangtze River is 　longer_than_all_the_other_rivers　 in China. 长江比中国其他所有的河都长。 ⑤＝The Yangtze River 　is_the_longest_river　 in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。 语法填空 ⑥How beautifully she sings! I've never heard a 　better　 (good) voice.She has the 　best　 (good) voice I've ever heard. 2 (教材 P16)She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB—GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她立刻成为第一个被聘为协和医学院妇产科住院医师的女性。 　[句式分析]　句中to be hired as a resident physician 为动词不定式短语作定语，修饰the first woman。 ◆[佳句感知] China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. 中国成为第一个太空探测器在月球背面着陆的国家。 ◆[拓展归纳] 当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及the next, the only, the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①In 1931, Jane Addams became the second American woman 　to_win_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize　. 1931年，简·亚当斯成为第二个赢得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。 ②　The_ability_to_express_an_idea　 is as important as the idea itself. 表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。 语法填空 ③If I have any further news, you will be the first person 　to_know　 (know)． ④He is always the first 　to_bear　 (bear) hardships and the last 　to_enjoy　 (enjoy) comforts. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The 　moral　 (道德，寓意)of the story is to love people in your neighborhood. 2．The photo taken over 70 years ago keeps his most 　precious　 (珍贵的，宝贵的)memories. 3．When away from home，we always 　entrust　 (委托，交付)our house to our next­door neighbour. 4．The 　majority　 (大多数)of the citizens agree to the plan of building a large square in the centre. 5．It is no use 　complaining　 (抱怨，发牢骚)about the present condition. 6．Was there any 　response　 (反应，回答)to the new policy? 7．The young man was 　appointed　 (任命，委派)to the post of professor. 8．... the overall development over the past 　decades　 (十年) has been striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China. 9．The findings were 　published　 (发表) in the journal Developmental Science. 10．When Nicolo 　retired　 (退休) and went to live in Sicily, he brought the paintings with him. 11．The scientist donated all his 　savings　 (存款)to the rural school. 12．...others (other cities) are so jammed that only a 　sharp　 (大幅的) reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. 13．When you travel by plane，you are required to take our 　insurance　 (保险)for safety. 14．The old man，though 90 years of age，is still 　energetic　 (精力充沛)and takes part in various activities. 15．Since the restaurant nearby was full，we had to go 　elsewhere　 (另处)for my mother's birthday. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The doctor gave an 　illustration　 (illustrate)of the dangers of smoking. 2．She got married to a rich family but her 　marriage　 (marry)was not happy. 3．Sending smiling faces to 　colleagues　 (colleague) may seem strange. 4．His new plan 　was_rejected　(reject)twice by the school authority. 5．After his 　election　 (elect)defeat，he didn't feel down and continued to work hard as usual. 6．At the sight of a snake，the big lady was 　scared　 (scare) to death. 7．The announcement of her 　retirement　 (retire)caused her fans a great shock. 8．They decide to have 　more　 (many) workers for the project so that it won't be delayed. 9．The autobiography(自传)offers its readers 　a　 look into the heart of the great leader. 10．Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with someone 　who　 shares your interests. 11．He proved that it's not 　what　 happens to us that determines our lives... 12．　Finding　 (find) a good and well­paid job is the final goal for some graduates. Ⅲ.补全句子 1．The student 　next_to_her　 comes from Japan. 挨着她坐的那个学生来自日本。 2．What would you do if you 　are_faced_with　 such a situation? 如果你遇到这种情况，你会怎么做？ 3. Strong beliefs in the communism 　carried_them_through　 the hard times. 对共产主义的坚定信仰使他们度过了艰难时期。 4．All the students present 　were_deeply_affected　 by the speech of the hero. 所有在场的学生被英雄的演讲深深打动。 5．China，within 10 years，has made great achievements in science，　which_usually_takes_over_100_years_to_achieve　. 中国十年中在科学上所取得的进步通常需要一百多年方可取得。 6．She was determined to help those 　in_need_of_help　. 她决心帮助那些需要帮助的人。 7．　At_times　 he was even seen working deep into the night. 有时，人们看到他深夜仍在工作。 8．As a teacher，I am supposed to 　be_responsible_for　 my students. 作为老师，我应该对学生负责。 9．The old teacher devoted his spare time to training 　the_young_generation_of_teachers　. 这位老教师利用工作之余全心培养年轻一代教师。 10．The naughty boy made up his mind 　not　 to waste time 　any_more　 . 那位调皮的小男孩下决心不再浪费时间。 11．All the students 　are_ready_to_take　 the examination. 所有的学生都为参加考试做好了准备。 12．Students who are active during class 　tend_to_get　 higher marks in the examinations. 课堂上活跃的学生往往在考试中得高分。 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Lin Qiaozhi was born in 1901 and at the age of 5 she lost her mother.That affected her deeply.She was determined 　____1____　(study) medicine，　____2____　 was 　____3____　 the tradition. She graduated 　____4____　 PUMC(北京协和医学院)and 　____5____　(hire)as a resident physician.Six months 　____6____　 (late)，she was named a chief resident physician.After 　____7____　 (work)for years，she was sent to study in Europe and then in America.She 　____8____　 (invite)to stay but she refused the offer. In 1941，she was appointed director of a department.　____9____　 her lifetime，she tended patients，published medical research and trained the next generation of doctors. Though she never married，she was known as the mother of tens of thousands of babies.When she died，she donated all her savings. Such was Lin Qiaozhi，a simple and 　____10____　 (respect)woman with great achievements. 答案：1.to study 　2.which　3.against　4.from　5.was hired　6.later　7.working　8.was invited　9.During　10.respected Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达 没有什么比生命更宝贵的了，带着这一坚定的信念，我母亲考上了医科大学，并多次获得奖学金。五年的学习后，她被雇用于人民医院当医师。她努力工作，对病人负责，从不拒绝病人的请求。她有时和同事去遥远的村庄帮助那些需要帮助的人。 1999年，她被任命为人民医院的院长，除了她的医学工作外，她出版了医学研究。当她退休时，她把存款捐给了洪水灾区。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Nothing is more precious than life.With the strong belief，my mother went to a medical college and won scholarships many times.After five years of study，she was hired as a physician in the People's Hospital.She worked hard and was responsible for her patients，never rejecting the requests from them.She even went to faraway villages with her colleagues to help those in need of help. In 1999，she was appointed director of the hospital.Besides her medical work，she published medical research.When she retired，she donated her savings to the flooded area. Ⅰ.阅读理解 Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France on December 27, 1822. His family was poor, and during his early education Pasteur was an ordinary student who enjoyed art and singing. However, when Pasteur was exposed to science as a teenager, he knew he found his career. In 1848, Pasteur went to college to become a science teacher. He then became a chemistry professor at the University of Strasbourg. He got married in 1849 and had five children. However, three died young from typhoid fever (伤寒). It was the deaths of his children that drove Pasteur to investigate infectious diseases in order to find a cure. During Pasteur's time, people believed that bacteria (细菌) appeared due to “spontaneous generation” (自然发生). They thought that the bacteria just appeared out of nowhere. Pasteur carried out experiments to see if this was true. Through his experiments he proved that bacteria were living things that came from other living things. They didn't just spontaneously appear. This was a major discovery in the study of biology and earned Pasteur the title of Father of Microbiology. As Pasteur learnt more about bacteria, he began to think they may be the cause of diseases in humans. When the French silk market was threatened by a disease to silkworms (蚕), Pasteur decided to investigate. He discovered that this disease was caused by bacteria. By killing them from the silkworm farms, he was able to 　cease　 the disease and save the French silk business. Today Louis Pasteur is known as one of the most important scientists in history. His discoveries led to an understanding of bacteria and diseases that has helped save millions and millions of lives. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了历史上伟大的科学家巴斯德的一些生平经历及其在细菌与疾病等方面的部分发现。 1．After his children's deaths, Louis Pasteur 　________　. A．became afraid of infectious diseases B．was frustrated and wanted to do nothing C．decided to find out how to treat the disease D．didn't know it was typhoid fever that caused their deaths 解析：C　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，孩子的去世驱使巴斯德调查传染病从而找到治愈的方法。故选C项。] 2．What is implied about Louis Pasteur's discovery in Paragraph 3? A．It supported what most people thought at that time. B．It revealed that bacteria often appeared out of nowhere. C．It attracted the attention of the Father of Microbiology. D．It was a very important discovery in the history of biology. 解析：D　[推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这是生物学研究领域的重要发现，而且使巴斯德获得了“微生物学之父”的称号。故选D项。] 3．What does the underlined word “cease” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．End.　　　　　　　 B．Find. C．Develop. D．Spread 解析：A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的save the French silk business(拯救了法国的丝绸业)可知，这里的cease意为“终止；停止”，故选A项。] 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A disease that killed children easily in history. B．A great scientist in the field of biology in history. C．Some of the most important scientists in history. D．Some of the most important discoveries in history. 解析：B　[主旨大意题。本文主要讲了历史上伟大的科学家巴斯德的一些生平经历及其在细菌与疾病等方面的部分发现。故选B项。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England. Florence often helped her mother deliver (运送) food to the poor and sick. 　____1____　 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession. But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learnt everything she could. 　____2____　 In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari (now ÜskÜdar in Istanbul) and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere. 　____3____　 Many soldiers died before receiving help. The doctors wouldn't listen to Florence because they didn't like the idea of women in army hospitals— until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤者) arrived. 　____4____　 Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp. When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honour. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions (捐款). Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London. After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. 　____5____　 All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”． A．Nursing became an honoured profession. B．There was no running water and no heat. C．She knew she had much to learn about nursing. D. Florence saw the soldiers' health had improved. E．As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse. F．They soon realised that Florence could give a hand. G．Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management. [语篇解读]　文章介绍了南丁格尔经过多年的努力，使护理成了一个令人尊敬的职业。 1．解析：E　[根据下文Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.可知该空引出下文，E选项(随着南丁格尔慢慢长大，她决定要当一名护士)切题，故选E项。] 2．解析：G　[根据上文Later，she visited hospitals in France，Germany and Ireland and learnt everything she could.可知，此处承接上文，G项(回到英格兰后，南丁格尔已经成了医院管理方面的专家)切题。故选G项。] 3．解析：B　[根据空前的The hospital left men lying on the floor，and rats were running everywhere.可知，此处继续描述医院的惨状，所以B选项(没有自来水，也没有暖气)符合语境。故选B项。] 4．解析：F　[根据第五段内容可知，医生开始并不听弗洛伦丝的观点，但后来伤者增多了，人手不够，所以F项(他们很快意识到弗洛伦丝能够帮忙)切题。故选F项。] 5．解析：A　[根据上一段末句以及该段中的第一句可知，此处承接上文，A项(护理成了一个令人尊敬的职业)切题。故选A项。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $