Unit 3动词 - ing 形式作定语状语和宾语补足语-2025-2026学年高中英语必修三语法易错点精讲（译林版）

高中译林版 【寒假专版】 必修3语法精讲 寒假专版 动词-ing形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语 专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：译林版年级：必修3 语法认知 动词-ing形式（动词原形加-ig构成的非谓语动词形式），在句中可作定语修饰名词、作状语表示 时间/原因/方式/伴随等、作宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 易错点讲解 易错点一：动词-ig形式作定语时与分词形容词的混淆 讲解： 动词-ing形式作定语时表示”主动/进行”，修饰物；而分词形容词（如exciting,interesting)已形容 词化，强调事物的性质。两者形式相同但功能不同，需根据语境区分。 例句： -作定语（主动）：The barking dog woke me up.(正在吠叫的狗，表动作) -分词形容词：This is an exciting movie.(令人兴奋的电影，表性质) 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏南京期中，译林版)Look at the_children.They are playing happily in the park, A.laughing B.laughed C.laugh D.laughs 答案：A解析：此处需用动词-ing形式作定语，修饰children,表”正在笑的'，强调动作：B项 为过去分词表被动，不符合语境。 2.(2023浙江杭州期末，译林版)We were all attracted by the_story told by the old man. A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.interestingly 答案：B解析：此处需用分词形容词interesting修饰story,表”令人感兴趣的”，强调事物性质： 1 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 必修3语法精讲 A为名词，C修饰人，D为副词，均排除。 易错点二：动词-ig形式作状语时逻辑主语与句子主语不一致 讲解： 动词-g形式作状语（如时间、原因、伴随等)时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，否则需用独 立主格结构（名词/代词+ing形式）。 例句： -正确：Walking along the street,.I met an old friend.(I是walking的逻辑主语) -错误：Seeing from the top of the hill,the city looks beautiful..(应为Seen from.,逻辑主语city与 see为被动关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024安徽合肥月考，译林版)_the piano,.she suddenly remembered she had a meeting A.Playing B.Played C.To play D.Having played 答案：A解析：句子主语she是playing的逻辑主语，表”正在弹钢琴时”，用-ing形式作时间状 语，逻辑一致；B项表被动，C项表目的，D项为完成式，均不符合语境。 2.(2023福建福州期中，译林版)_the sun rising,we started our joumey.. A.Watching B.Watched C.To watch D.Having watched 答案：A解析：逻辑主语we与watch为主动关系，用-ing形式作伴随状语，表”看着太阳升起 时”；D项强调动作先于started.,此处无需完成含义，故A正确。 易错点三：动词-ig形式作宾语补足语时与不定式作宾补的混淆 讲解： 感官动词(see,hear,watch等)后接-ing形式作宾补时，表示”动作正在进行”；接不带to的不定 式时，表示”动作全过程”。 例句： -进行式(ing):I saw her dancing in the room.(看到她正在跳舞) -全过程（不定式）：I saw her dance in the room.(看到她跳舞的全过程) 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏苏州期末，译林版)I heard him_loudly when I passed his room A.sing B.singing C.to sing D.sang 答案：B解析：根据”when I passed,(路过时)可知，动作正在进行，用hear sb.doing sth.结构， 表”听到他正在大声唱歌”；A项表全过程，C项需带to(被动时)，D为过去式，均排除。 2 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 必修3语法精讲 2.(2023山东青岛月考，译林版)We watched the childrenthe kites into the sky. A.fly B.flying C.to fly D.flown 答案：A解析：句意为”我们看着孩子们把风筝放飞到天上”，强调”放飞”的全过程，用watch sb.dosh.结构：B项表”正在飞”，此处无进行含义，故A正确。 易错点四：动词-ig形式与过去分词作定语的语态混淆 讲解： 动词-ing形式作定语时表”主动/进行”，修饰物；过去分词(-ed)作定语时表，被动/完成”，修饰 人或物。需根据与被修饰词的逻辑关系判断。 例句： -主动(ing):a falling leaf(正在落下的叶子，叶子主动落下) -被动(ed):a fallen leaf(已经落下的叶子，叶子被落下) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江宁波期中，译林版)The_glass was cleaned by the worker just now. A.breaking B.broken C.break D.to break 答案：B解析：glass与brek为被动关系（玻璃被打碎），用过去分词broken作定语，表”破碎 的玻璃：A项表”正在破碎的”，不符合”被清理”的语境。 2.(2023江苏无锡期末，译林版)Do you know the girl for help over there? A.calling B.called C.to call D.call 答案：A解析：girl与call为主动关系（女孩正在呼救），用-ing形式作定语，表”正在呼救的女 孩”：B项表被动，C项表目的，均不符合语境。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点） l.The_baby in the cradle is smiling at us.(易错点一) A.sleep B.sleeping C.slept D.sleeps 2.the news,everyone jumped with joy.（易错点二) A.Hearing B.Heard C.Hear D.To hear 3.I noticed a stranger_around our neighborhood just now.(易错点三) A.walk B.walked C.walking D.to walk 3 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 必修3语法精讲 4.Look at the_leaves on the ground.They turn yellow.(易错点四) A.fall B.falling C.fallen D.to fall Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分》 l.The story he told was so_(excite)that all of us laughed.（易错点一) 2._(tead)the novel,,she could't help crying.(易错点二) 3.My mother saw a cat_(climb)the tree when she passed by..(易错点三) 4.The_(break)window will be repaired tomorrow.（易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Yesterday,I went to the park with my friends.1.-(walk)along the path,we saw a group of children They were playing games happily.One boy was 2.-(run)so fast that he fell down.A girl 3.(wear) a red dress helped him stand up.We also found a 4.(lose)wallet on a bench.5.(open)it,we saw some money and an ID card inside.6.(think)the owner must be worried,we took it to the park office. The workers there praised us for being helpful. V连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,unning,.boy,is,,a,friend,of,mine()(易错点一、四) 2.she,TV,watching,while,.was,the phone,.rang()（易错点二) 3.teacher,.the,saw,us,basketbal,playing()（易错点三) 4.house,the,burning,.firefighters,are,the,saving()(易错点一、四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3.C4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.exciting 2.Reading 3.climbing 4.broken 4 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 必修3语法精讲 I短文填空 1.Walking 2running 3.wearing 4.lost 5.Opening 6.Thinking V.连词成句 1.The running boy is a friend of mine. 2.While she was watching TV,the phone rang. 3.The teacher saw us playing basketball. 4.The firefighters are saving the burning house. 5