内容正文:
高中译林版
【语法精讲】
必修1Unit1
语法专版
句子成分和句子结构专项训练
高中语法易错点精讲
学段:高中教材:译林版
年级:必修1
语法认知
构成句子的基本要素及这些要素的组合方式,句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状
语等,句子结构有简单句、并列句和复合句等基本类型。
易错点讲解
易错点一:主谓一致中第三人称单数形式遗漏
讲解:
当主语是第三人称单数(如he/she/it/单数名词/不可数名词)时,一般现在时的谓语动词需加-s-es
常见错误为遗漏第三人称单数标志。
例句:He play basketball every day.(错误)→He plays basketball every day.(正确)
真题再现:
1.(2024江苏南京期中,译林版)My mother often_(watch)TV after dinner
答案:watches
解析:主语my mother是第三人称单数,谓语动词watch需加-es,故填watches。
2.(2024浙江杭州月考,译林版)Physics_be)my favorite subject.
答案:is
解析:physics(物理)是不可数名词,视为第三人称单数,be动词用is。
易错点二:及物动词后缺少宾语
讲解:
及物动词(如like,want,need,tell等)必须接宾语(名词、代词或宾语从句),否则句子结构不完
高中译林版
【语法精讲】
必修1Unit1
整。不及物动词(如happen,.arrive,.smile等)无需接宾语。
例句:She often helps.(错误,help为及物动词,缺宾语)→She often helps me.(正确,me作宾
语)
真题再现:
1.(2023江苏苏州期末,译林版)Could you please tell_(we)the way to the library?
答案:s
解析:tell是及物动词,后需接宾格代词作宾语,we的宾格为us。
2.(2023安徽合肥期中,译林版)He wants_((join)the English club
答案:to join
解析:want是及物动词,后接不定式作宾语,构成want to do sth.结构。
易错点三:状语从句中时态混淆(主将从现误用)
讲解:
在时间/条件状语从句(if,when,as soon as等引导)中,主句用一般将来时,从句需用一般现在时
表将来,不可用将来时。
例句:I will call you when I will arrive.(错误)→I will call you when I arrive.(正确)
真题再现:
1.(2024江苏无锡月考,译林版)Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we won't go to the park.
答案:rains
解析:f引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,主语t是第三人称
单数,谓语动词用rains。.
2.(2023江苏常州期中,译林版)As soon as he_(come)back,I will tell him the news.
答案:comes
解析:as soon as引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,主语h是第三人称单数,谓语动词用
comeso
易错点四:简单句与并列句结构混淆(缺少连词)
讲解:
两个独立的简单句不可直接用逗号连接,需用并列连词(nd/but//or/so)或分号。常见错误为“逗
号连接两个独立分句”(comma splice)。
例句:She likes singing,she doesn't like dancing.(错误)→She likes singing,but she doesn't like
dancing.(正确,用but表转折)
高中译林版
【语法精讲】
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真题再现:
1.(2024江苏扬州期末,译林版)I like apples_my brother likes bananas..
A and B but Cso Dor
答案:B
解析:前后句“喜欢苹果”与“喜欢香蕉”为转折关系,用but连接。
2.(2023江苏南通月考,译林版)Hurry up_we will miss the bus.
A and B or Cbut Dso
答案:B
解析:“快点,否则我们会错过公交车”,0r表“否则”,符合句意。
易错点五:定语位置错误(形容词与副词混淆)
讲解:
形容词修饰名词(放名词前),副词修饰动词、形容词或句子(放动词后或句末)。常见错误为用
形容词修饰动词。
例句:She runs quick.(错误,quick是形容词,修饰动词un需用副词)→She runs quickly.(正
确)
真题再现:
1.(2024江苏徐州期中,译林版)He speaks English very_(good).
答案:well
解析:修饰动词speaks需用副词,good的副词形式为well。
2.(2023浙江宁波月考,译林版)This is a_real)interesting story.
答案:really
解析:修饰形容词interesting需用副词,real的副词形式为really。
易错点综合演练
综合演练
I,单项选择(直击易错点)
l.My father usuallynewspapers after breakfast.(易错点一)
A read B reads Creading D to read
2.Could you please show_your new phone?(易错点二)
AI Bmy Cme Dmine
3
高中译林版
【语法精讲】
必修1Unit1
3.We_a picnic if it sunny tomorrow.(易错点三)
A have will be B will have is Chave is D will have will be
4.She likes playing the piano she doesn't like singing.(易错点四)
A and B but C so Dor
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(强化易错点区分)
l.The little girl_bush)her teeth twice a day.(易错点一)
2.My teacher often tells._(we)interesting stories..(易错点二)
3.When he_(get)here,please call me.(易错点三)
4.She is good at dancing_she wants to join the dance club.(易错点四,用合适连词填空)
Ⅱ.短文填空(综合运用四大易错点)
用适当形式填空:
My sister Lucy is a student.She(love)English very much.Every morning,she(read)English aloud.
She often tells me,"If I (work)hard,I(learn)English well."Yesterday,I asked her to help me with
my English homework,but she was busy.She said she(help)me after she(finish)her own.Though
we are busy,we often play together_we are good sisters.
V.连词成句(聚焦易错句式)
1.Tom every play basketball day()(易错点一)
2.the teacher tell will us a story()(易错点二)
3.we will go hiking if tomorrow fine is()(易错点三)
4.I like math my brother likes Chinese()(易错点四,用合适连词连接)
参考答案
I单项选择
1B2.C3.B4B
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.brushes 2.us 3.gets 4.so
高中译林版
【语法精讲】
必修1Unit1
ⅡL短文填空
1.loves
2.reads
3.work 4.will learn 5.will help 6.finishes 7.because
V.连词成句
1.Tom plays basketball every day.
2.The teacher will tell us a story.
3.We will go hiking if tomorrow is fine.
4.I like math but my brother likes Chinese.
5