Unit 4 - 5过去分词与动词 - ing 形式的用法-2025-2026学年高中英语选修二语法易错点精讲（人教版）

高中人教版 【语法精讲】 选修2Unit4-5 语法精讲 过去分词与动词-ing形式用法精讲 高中选修2Unit4-5四大易错点解析 学段：高中教材：人教版年级：选修2 语法认知 过去分词与动词-ing形式=动词的两种非谓语形式，过去分词多表示被动或完成意义，动词-ig 形式多表示主动或进行意义，在句中可作定语、状语、补语等。 易错点讲解 易错点一：混淆过去分词与动词-ing形式的语态意义 讲解： 过去分词(-ed)表示被动或完成意义，逻辑主语通常是动作的承受者；动词-ing形式(-ing)表示 主动或进行意义，逻辑主语通常是动作的执行者。二者作定语、状语时易因语态判断错误而混淆。 例句： -被动意义（过去分词）：The broken window was repaired yesterday..(窗户被打破，broken表被动) 主动意义（动词-ing):The crying boy is looking for his mother.（男孩主动哭，crying表主动） 真题再现： (2024湖北武汉期中，人教版选修2)The novel._by Mo Yan has been translated into many languages.. A.writing B.written C.write D.writes 答案：B 解析：novel与write之间是被动关系（小说被写），用过去分词written作定语，符合人教版选修 2“过去分词表被动”的语法点。 (2023湖南长沙期末，人教版选修2)_the lesson,the students went out of the classroom. A.Finish B.Finishing C.Finished D.To finish 答案：C 解析：students与finish之间是主动关系，但句中“完成课程后”表动作完成，用过去分词Finished 1 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 选修2Unit4-5 作时间状语，强调动作先于主句动作完成。 易错点二：过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语的用法混淆 讲解： 过去分词作表语表示主语“感到…的”（主语多为人），强调人的主观感受：动词-ig形式作表 语表示主语“令人…的”（主语多为物），强调事物的性质特征。 例句： -过去分词（人作主语）：I was interested in the story.(我感到感兴趣) 动词-ing(物作主语)：The story is interesting.(故事令人感兴趣) 真题再现： (2024山东青岛月考，人教版选修2)The movie was so that all the audience felt_ A.exciting:excited B.excited;exciting C.exciting:exciting D.excited:excited 答案：A 解析：第一空主语movie(物)表“令人兴奋的”，用exciting:第二空主语audience（人)表“感 到兴奋的”，用excited,符合人教版选修2“-ed-ing作表语的区别”。 (2023 四川成都期中，人教版选修2)一low do you feel about the speech?一It was.一.I felt_to sleep. A.bored;boring B.boring:bored C.boring;boring D.bored;bored 答案：B 解析：第一空主语speech(物)表“令人无聊的”，用boring:第二空主语I（人)表“感到无聊 的”，用bored。 易错点三：过去分词与动词-ig形式作宾语补足语的逻辑关系错误 讲解： 在“动词+宾语+宾补”结构中，过去分词作宾补时，宾语与宾补是被动关系：动词-ig形式作 宾补时，宾语与宾补是主动关系（即宾语是动作的执行者）。 例句： -过去分词（被动关系）：I heard the song sung by her.(song与sing是被动关系，“歌被唱”) -动词-ing（主动关系)：I heard her singing the song.(her与sing是主动关系，“她唱歌”) 真题再现： (2024浙江杭州期末，人教版选修2)I found the door_when I got home.Someone had broken into my house. A.open B.opening C.opened D.to open 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 选修2Unit4-5 答案：C 解析：宾语door与宾补open是被动关系（门被打开），用过去分词opened,强调动作完成后的状 态，符合人教版选修2“过去分词作宾补表被动”。 (2023江苏南京月考，人教版选修2)The teacher noticed a studentin class and stoppedhim at once A.sleep B.sleeping C.slept D.to sleep 答案：B 解析：宾语student与宾补sleep是主动关系（学生正在睡觉），用动词-ing形式sleeping作宾补， 强调动作正在进行。 易错点四：过去分词与现在分词的时态意义混淆（完成体与进行体） 讲解： 过去分词（除特殊情况外）仅表被动或完成，不强调时间；现在分词的完成式(having done)表 “主动且先于主句动作完成”，易与过去分词的“完成意义”混淆。 例句： -过去分词（被动+完成）：The letter written yesterday has been sent.(信被写，且动作己完成) -现在分词完成式（主动+完成）：Having finished homework,.he went out to play..(他主动完成作业， 且先于“出去玩”) 真题再现： (2024广东深圳期中，人教版选修2)the work,they decided to have a rest. A.Finished B.Having finished C.Finishing D.To finish 答案：B 解析：主语hey与finish是主动关系，且“完成工作”先于“决定休息”，用现在分词完成式 Having finished,强调主动且动作先后顺序，不可用过去分词Finished(表被动)。 (2023河南郑州期末，人教版选修2)_by the teacher,he realized his mistake.. A.Criticizing B.Having criticized C.CriticizedD.To criticize 答案：C 解析：主语he与criticize是被动关系（被批评），用过去分词Criticized作原因状语，不强调主动 完成，故排除现在分词完成式Having criticized。 易错点综合演练 3 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 选修2Unit4-5 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点） l.The documentary_by the young director won three international awards..(易错点一) A.directing B.directed C.direct D.directs 2.The children were_after hearing thenews.（易错点二) A.excited;exciting B.exciting:excited C.excited;excited D.exciting:exciting 3.I noticed a stranger_around the building when I passed by.(易错点三) A.walk B.walking C.walked D.to walk 4.the project,the team members felt a great sense of achievement..(易错点四) A.Completing B.Completed C.Having completed D.To complete Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） 1.The_(break)vase was kept in the corner for repair.(易错点一) 2.The lecture was so_(bore)that some students fell asleep.（易错点二) 3.She found her wallet._(steal)when she got off the bus.(易错点三) 4._(live)in the city for ten years,.he moved back to his hometown.(易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。（人教版选修2教材课文改编） Last weekend,I watched a_(move)movie about wildlife protection.The_(interest)story was based on real events.(direct)by a famous filmmaker,it showed the struggles of animals in(pollute) environments.After(see)the film,I decided to join an environmental group.Many-(surprise)facts in the movie made me realize the importance of protecting nature.(work)with other volunteers for months,we have planted over 500 trees in the park. V.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.spoken,the,is,by,English,many,people,world,all,over,()（易错点一) 2.this,so,is,that,book,I,can't,it,put,dowm,interesting,()（易错点二) 3.heard,singing,girl,I,the,in,next,room,happily,()(易错点三) 4.having,breakfast,he,went,school,.to,after,,quickly,()(易错点四) 参考答案 4 高中人教版 【语法精讲】选修2Unit4-5 I单项选择 1B2.A3.B4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.broken 2.boring 3.stolen 4.Having lived III.短文填空 1.moving 2.interesting 3.Directed 4.polluted 5.seeing 6.surprising 7.Having worked V.连词成句 1.English is spoken by many people all over the world. 2.This book is so interesting that I can't put it down. 3.I heard the girl singing happily in the next room. 4.After having breakfast,he went to school quickly. 5