情态动词 could 的用法-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法易错点精讲（人教版）

初中人教版 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 寒假专版 情态动词could的用法专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：初中教材：人教版年级：8年级下册 语法认知 情态动词could的用法 情态动词could=can的过去式或委婉语气表达，在句中可表过去的能力、委婉请求或推测。 易错点讲解 易错点一：could表示过去能力与can的混淆 讲解： could可表示过去具备的能力，c表示现在的能力，两者不可混用。当描述过去能够做某事时用 could,描述现在的能力用ca。 例句：She could swim when she was five..（她五岁时会游泳。)一She can swim very well now.(她现 在游泳游得很好。) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉期中，人教版)My fatherplay basketball when he was young,but now he—play it because of his bad leg. A.can;can't B.could;couldn't C.could;can't D.can;couldn't 答案：C解析：第一空描述过去的能力，用could.:第二空描述现在的情况，用can't,符合人 教版八年级下册对could表过去能力的语法要求。 2.(2023广东广州期末，人教版)一_you ride a bike when you were six?-Yes,I一. A.Can;can B.Could;could C.Can;could D.Could;can 答案：B解析：问句询问过去的能力，用could:答语也用could呼应，体现过去时间背景下的 能力。 易错点二：could表委婉请求与can的语气差异 初中人教版 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 讲解： could和ca都可用于提出请求，could语气比can更委婉客气，但回答时不能用could,需用can 或can't。 例句：Could you please pass me the book?(你能把书递给我吗？)→Yes,Ican./Sorry,I can't. 真题再现： 1.(2024山东济南月考，人教版)一_you help me carry the box,please?一Sure,I一 A.Could;could B.Can;could C.Could;can D.Can;can 答案：C解析：请求时用could表委婉，回答用can表示能力或许可，符合教材中委婉请求的应 答规范。 2.(2023浙江杭州期中，人教版)一Could I borrow your dictionary?一一.Here you are. A.Yes,you could B.No,you couldn't C.Yes,you can D.No,you can't 答案：C解析：could引导的请求，肯定回答用can,不用could,体现情态动词回答的语法规则。 易错点三：could表推测与may/might的混淆 讲解： could表推测时语气较委婉，可能性比may/might更低，常用于否定句和疑问句：may/might多用 于肯定句表推测。 例句：He could be at home..(他可能在家。可能性较低)→He may be at home..(他也许在家。可能 性稍高) 真题再现： 1.(2024四川成都期末，人教版)-Where is Lucy?-She_be in the library.I’m not sure. A.must B.could C.should D.need 答案：B解析：根据“T’m not sure”可知推测可能性较低，用could符合表不确定推测的用法。 2.(2023江苏南京月考，人教版)-Is that man.Smith?-It be him.He has gone to Beijing. A.can't B.mustn't C.couldn't D.needn't 答案：A解析：根据“He has gone to Beijing”可知此处为否定推测，语气肯定，用can't:couldn' t表否定推测时语气较弱，此处更适合用can’t。 易错点四：could与was/were able to的用法区别 讲解： could表示过去具备的能力，但不强调是否成功做到；was/were able to强调过去成功做成某事，相 当于managed to do sth.。 2 初中人教版 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 例句：He could speak English at5.（他5岁会说英语。仅表能力)→e was able to escape from the fire.(他成功从火中逃出来了。强调结果) 真题再现： 1.(2024河南郑州期中，人教版)The little boy_swim across the river last week A.could B.was able to C.can D.is able to 答案：B解析：句中有明确时间状语“last week”且强调成功完成“swim across the river'”,用 was able to符合强调过去成功做某事的语法点。 2.(2023安徽合肥期末，人教版)She_play the piano when she was three,but she._win the first prize in the competition yesterday. A.could;was able to B.was able to;could C.can;is able to D.is able to;can 答案：A解析：第一空表过去具备的能力用could;第二空强调昨天成功获奖，用was able to,体 现两者用法差异。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I,单项选择（直击易错点） 1.My grandfather_climb mountains easily when he was young,but now hebecause of his weak kees.(易错点一) A.can;can't B.could;couldn't C.could;can't D.can;couldn't 2.一_you please tell me the way to the museum?Certainly,I一.（易错点二） A.Could could B.Can;could C.Could;can D.Can;can 3.-Where is Tom?I can't find him anywhere.-Hebe in the classroom.I saw him go out just now.(易错点三) A.must B.could C.should D.can't 4.The little girl._swim across the wide river all by herself yesterday.(易错点四) A.could B.was able to C.can D.is able to Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） 1.My brother(can)play the guitar very well when he was in high school,but now he rarely plays t.（易错点一) 2.一Could you help me with my homework,Mom?-Sure,I_(can).(易错点二) 3 初中人教版 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 3.The light in the room is off,so she_(could)be at home.(易错点三) 4.Though the fire was big,the firefighters(be able to)save all the people in the building. 四) IⅡ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Last year,I joined a swimming club.At first,I 1.-(can)only swim a little.My coach saidI 2.(could) practice every day to improve.So I triedhard.One day,a little boy fell into the pool and couldn't swim. I 3.be able to)save him quickly.The coach was very happy and said I 4.-(could)become a good swimmer in the future.Now I 5.(can)swim 50 meters without stopping. V,连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.when,could,he,was,ride,a,bike,he,te,()(易错点一) 2.please,you,help,me,could,with,my,bag,()(易错点二) 3.the,be,in,library,she,could,(?)(易错点三) 4.was,able to,finish,he,the,work,on time,yesterday,()(易错点四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1.C2.C3.D4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.could 2.can 3.couldn't 4.were able to I短文填空 1.could 2.could 3.was able to 4.could 5.can V.连词成句 1.He could ride a bike when he was ten. 2.Could you please help me with my bag? 3.Could she be in the library? 4.He was able to finish the work on time yesterday. 4