内容正文:
初中鲁教版(五四制)》
【寒假专版】
8年级下册语法精讲
寒假专版
主谓一致专项训练
寒假语法易错点精讲
学段:初中教材:鲁教版(五四制)
年级:8年级下册
语法认知
主谓一致=句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致,确保句子表达准确合理。
易错点讲解
易错点一:集合名词作主语时的主谓一致
讲解:
集合名词(如family,class,team,group等)表示整体时,谓语动词用单数;表示成员个体时,谓语
动词用复数。
例句:
-The family is having dinner together.(强调整体,用单数)
-The family are watching TV in different rooms.(强调成员,用复数)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东济南历下区期末,鲁教版五四制)The class一listening to the teacher carefully now
A.is B.are C.am D.be
答案:B解析:class此处强调“班级成员”,谓语动词用复数are,符合鲁教版教材中集合名词
表个体的用法。
2.(2023山东青岛期中,鲁教版五四制)Our team_won the first prize in the competition.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
答案:A解析:team此处强调“团队整体”,谓语动词用单数has,体现鲁教版对集合名词表整
体的语法要求。
易错点二:“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时的主谓一致
初中鲁教版(五四制)
【寒假专版】
8年级下册语法精讲
讲解:
“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词:若名词为可数名词
复数,谓语用复数:若为不可数名词或可数名词单数,谓语用单数。
例句:
-Two thirds of the students are boys.(students是可数复数,用are)
-Half of the water is left.(water是不可数名词,用is)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东烟台期末,鲁教版五四制)About three fifths of the land in this area一covered with
trees.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
答案:A解析:land是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数is,符合鲁教版“分数+of+不可数名词”
的主谓一致规则。
2.(2023山东淄博月考,鲁教版五四制)One fourth of the books in the library一about science.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
答案:B解析:books是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数are,体现鲁教版对“分数+of+可数
复数名词”的语法要求。
易错点三:“neither...nor.”“either..or.”连接主语时的主谓一致
讲解:
“neither..nor.”“either..or.”连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,即与较近的主语
保持一致。
例句:
-Neither you nor he is right.(较近主语he是单数,用is)
-Either the girls or the boy has the key.(较近主语the boy是单数,用has)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东潍坊期中,鲁教版五四制)Neither my parents nor my brother一at home now.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
答案:A解析:较近主语my brother是单数,谓语用is,符合鲁教版“就近原则”的语法重点。
2.(2023山东泰安期末,鲁教版五四制)Either you or your sister一to help with the housework
A.go B.goes C.going D.to go
答案:B解析:较近主语your sister是单数,谓语用goes,体现鲁教版对“either..or.”就近原
则的考查。
2
初中鲁教版(五四制)
【寒假专版】
8年级下册语法精讲
易错点四:“the number of'”与“a number of'”的主谓一致混淆
讲解:
“the number of+可数名词复数”表示“…的数量”,作主语时谓语用单数:
“a number of+可数名词复数”表示“许多…”,作主语时谓语用复数。
例句:
-The number of students in our class is50.(强调数量,用is)
-A number of students like English.(强调学生,用like)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东临沂期末,鲁教版五四制)The number of teachers in our school.一over200
A.is B.are C.has D.have
答案:A解析:“the number of'”表数量,谓语用单数is,符合鲁教版教材对该结构的语法定义。
2.(2023山东济宁月考,鲁教版五四制)A number of visitors一to the Great Wall every year
A.come B.comes C.is coming D.are coming
答案:A解析:“a number of visitors”表示“许多游客”,谓语用复数come,体现鲁教版对该短
语主谓一致的要求。
易错点五:不定代词作主语时的主谓一致
讲解:
不定代词(如everyone,everything,someone,something,nobody,.nothing等)作主语时,谓语动词一
律用单数。
例句:
-Everyone in the room knows the answer.
-Nothing is impossible if you try your best.
真题再现:
1.(2024山东威海期中,鲁教版五四制)Everything一ready for the party now.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
答案:A解析:不定代词everything作主语,谓语用单数is,符合鲁教版对不定代词主谓一致
的基础语法要求。
2.(2023山东日照期末,鲁教版五四制)Nobody一late for class yesterday:.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
答案:C解析:不定代词nobody作主语,谓语用单数;根据yesterday可知用过去式was,体现
鲁教版对不定代词时态和主谓一致的综合考查。
3
初中鲁教版(五四制)》
【寒假专版】
8年级下册语法精讲
易错点综合演练
综合演练
1.单项选择(直击易错点)
1.The class一playing basketball on the playground now.(易错点一)
A.is B.are C.am D.be
2.Three fourths of the water in the bottle一drunk by Tom.(易错点二)
A.was B.were C.is D.are
3.Neither you nor your brother_late for school yesterday.(易错点三)
A.was B.were C.is D.are
4.A number of students_interested in English songs.(易错点四)
A.are B.is C.was D.were
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(强化易错点区分)
1.The family_be)watching TV together at the moment..(易错点一)
2.Two thirds of the apples_be)red.(易错点二)
3.Either my parents or my sister_(cook)dinner now.(易错点三)
4.The number of books in the library_be)over 10,000.(易错点四)
Ⅱ.短文填空(综合运用四大易错点)
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,使短文完整通顺。(鲁教版教材课文改编)
Our school has a big sports team.Look!The team_(be)practicing on the playground.They are going
to have a match next week.The number of players in the team_(be)20.A number of them_(be)
from Grade 8.Neither the coach nor the captain_(be)worried about the match.They believe they can
win.
V连词成句(聚焦易错句式)
1.team,the,is,our,big,()(易错点一)
2.the,of,students,number,.in,class,our,45,is,()(易错点四)
3.or,he,I,wrong,am,()(易错点三)
4.land,covered,snow,of,half,the,with,is,()(易错点二)
4
初中鲁教版(五四制)
【寒假专版】8年级下册语法精讲
参考答案
I单项选择
1B2.A3.A4.A
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.are 2.are 3.is cooking
4.1s
II短文填空
1.are 2.is 3.are 4.is
V.连词成句
1.Our team is big.
2.The number of students in our class is 45.
3.Am I or he wrong?
4.Half of the land is covered with snow.
5