定语从句that who which 引导指代人 物-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法易错点精讲（鲁教版五四制）

初中鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 寒假专版 定语从句专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：初中教材：鲁教版（五四制）年级：8年级下册 语法认知 定语从句(that/who/which引导，指代人/物)=一个句子作定语修饰名词或代词，通常位于被修 饰词后，that既可以指人也可以指物，who指人，which指物，在句中作主语或宾语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：关系代词that/who/which的选择错误 讲解： 指人时常用who或that,指物时常用which或that:但在非限制性定语从句中，指人只能用 who/whom,指物只能用which,不能用that。 例句：The girl who/that is wearing a red dress is my sister.(指人，可用who/that) The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(指物，可用which/that) She has a brother,,who is a doctor..(非限制性定语从句，指人用who) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东济南期中，鲁教版五四制)The man一is talking to our teacher is my father. A which B who C whom D whose 答案：B解析：先行词the man指人，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。 2.(2023山东青岛期末，鲁教版五四制)This is the storybook一my mother gave me as a birthday gift. A who B whose C which D what 答案：C解析：先行词the storybook指物，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词which。 易错点二：关系代词在从句中作宾语时的省略问题 初中鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 讲解： 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但如果关系代词前有介词，则不能省略，且此时指人 用whom,指物用which。 例句：The film(that/which)we saw last night was wonderful.（作宾语，可省略) The person with whom I talked just now is my neighbor.(有介词with,不能省略，指人用whom) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东烟台月考，鲁教版五四制)Do you remember the girl一you met at the party yesterday? A which B who C whom D whose 答案：C解析：先行词the girl指人，在从句中作met的宾语，可用whom或省略，此处选项中 只有C符合。 2.(2023山东淄博期中，鲁教版五四制)This is the house in一my grandparents used to live. A that B which C who D whom 答案：B解析：先行词the house指物，从句中有介词in,需用which,.”in which'相当于where 易错点三：that的特殊用法混淆 讲解： 先行词是不定代词（如all,something,nothing等)、被序数词或最高级修饰、既有人又有物时，关 系代词只能用hat,不能用which/who。 例句：All that glitters is not gold.(先行词是不定代词all,用that) This is the first book that I have read this month.(被序数词first修饰，用that) We talked about the things and persons that we met during the trip.(既有人又有物，用that) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东威海期末，鲁教版五四制)He told me everything一he knew about the accident.. A which B what C that D who 答案：C解析：先行词everything是不定代词，关系代词只能用that。 2.(2023山东日照期中，鲁教版五四制)This is the best film一I have ever seen.. A which B that C who D whom 答案：B解析：先行词film被最高级best修饰，关系代词用hat。 易错点四：关系代词与关系副词的误用 2 初中鲁教版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 讲解： 关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词(where,.when,why)在从句中作状语；若从句中缺少 主语或宾语用关系代词，缺少状语用关系副词。 例句：This is the factory where my father works.(从句中work是不及物动词，不缺宾语，用where 作地点状语) This is the factory which/that we visited last week.（从句中visited缺宾语，用关系代词which/that) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东临沂月考，鲁教版五四制)I still remember the day一we first met. A which B when C that D what 答案：B解析：先行词the day指时间，从句中不缺主语或宾语，用when作时间状语。 2.(2023山东泰安期末，鲁教版五四制)Is this the school一you studied three years ago? A which B what C where D when 答案：C解析：先行词the school指地点，从句中studied是不及物动词，用where作地点状语。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点) l.The scientist_invented this machine is from America.(易错点一) A which B who C whom D whose 2.This is the dictionary_my brother bought for me last week.(易错点-) A who B whose C which d what 3.The girl一you helped yesterday sent you a thank-you card.(易错点三) A which B who C whom D whose 4.We live in a house_windows face south.(易错点二) A that B which C who D whose Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） 1.The movie(that/which)we_(watch)last night was very exciting.(易错点二) 2.I still remember the village_(where/in which)I spent my childhood..(易错点四) IIⅡ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，使短文完整通顺。（鲁教版教材课文改编） 初中鲁教版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 8年级下册语法精讲 I have a good friendname is Lily.She loves reading books about space.The first book_she read on this topic was"The Universe".She told me everything-she learned from that book.We often go to the library-we can find many interesting books.Last week,we borrowed a book-was written by a famous scientist.The library-we usually go has a big reading room.In it,there are some desks_ students can study quietly.Lily also knows a teacher_specializes in astronomy.With-she sometimes discusses space questions. V.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,man,is,who,talking,to,our,teacher,my,father()(易错点一) 2.you,remember,the,girl,whom,met,at,the,party,.yesterday,do(?)(易错点二) 3.this,is,the,best,film,that,I,have,ever,seen()(易错点三) 4.the,house,imn,which,.my,grandparents,.used,to,live,is,this()(易错点四) 参考答案 L.单项选择 1B2.C3.C4D Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.watched 2.where/in which III.短文填空 1.whose 2.that 3.that 4.where 5.which/that 6.where 7.where 8.who/that 9.whom V.连词成句 1.The man who is talking to our teacher is my father. 2.Do you remember the girl whom you met at the party yesterday? 3.This is the best film that I have ever seen. 4.This is the house in which my grandparents used to live. 4