情态动词系统复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法易错点精讲（沪外版）

初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 寒假专版 情态动词系统复习 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：初中教材：沪外版年级：9年级 语法认知 情态动词(can,may,must,should,.would等)=表示说话人的语气或态度，如能力、许可、义务、推 测等，在句中不能单独作谓语，需与动词原形一起构成谓语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：can与be able to的混淆 讲解： can表示“能力”时仅限现在时和过去时(could),泛指一般能力：be able to可用于各种时态，强 调通过努力达成的具体能力，还可用于情态动词后。 例句： 。I can swim.(一般能力，现在时) 。He was able to finish the task yesterday.(过去具体能力，成功完成) 。We will be able to visit the museum next week.(将来时，can无将来时形式) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东期末，沪外版)一一you一solve this math problem by yourself? -Yes,I worked hard and finally did it. A.Can;able to B.Were;able to C.Could;able to D.Are;can 答案：B解析：句中“worked hard and finally did it”强调过去通过努力完成的具体能力，用be able to的过去时were able to,can/could无此用法。 2.(2023江苏苏州期中，沪外版)My grandfather一speak three languages when he was young,and 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 now hestill write in French. A.can;is able to B.could;can C.was able to;could D.could;was able to 答案：B解析：第一空“when he was young”表过去一般能力，用could;第二空“now”表现 在一般能力，用can。 易错点二：may/might表“可能性”的程度误用 讲解： may表“可能”（可能性约50%-70%），might表“或许”（可能性更低，约30%-50%），均可用于 肯定句和否定句(may not表“可能不”，might not表“更不可能”)，但might也可作为may的过 去式。 例句： 。It may rain tomorrow.(明天可能下雨，可能性中等) 。She might be at home,butI'm not sure.(她或许在家，可能性较低) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江宁波月考，沪外版)-Where is Lucy? -Shebe in the library,but I saw her go to the playground just now. A.must B.may C.might D.can't 答案：C解析：由“but I saw her go to the playground”可知，Lucy在图书馆的可能性较低，用 might表“或许”，可能性低于may 2.(2023安徽合肥期末，沪外版)You一not play with fireit's dangerous,but the fire_not spread quickly if we put it out now. A.may,might B.must;may C.can;must D.might;can 答案：B解析：第一空“禁止玩火”用must not:第二空“火可能不会快速蔓延”表可能性，用 may not(might not程度过低，不符合语境)。 易错点三：must与have to的混用 讲解： must表主观“必须”（说话人认为有必要），否定式mustn't表“禁止”；have to表客观“不得 不”（因外界因素被迫），否定式don't have to表“不必”(=needn't)。 例句： 。I must study hard.（主观决定) 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 ●It's raining,so I have to take an umbrella.(客观情况迫使) 。You mustn't smoke here..(禁止) 。You don't have to come early tomorrow.(不必) 真题再现： 1.(2024福建厦门期中，沪外版)一Dowe一finish the project today? -No,you_,but you_hand it in by Friday. A.must;mustn't;have to B.have to;don't have to;must C.must;needn't;mustn't D.have to;mustn't;needn't 答案：B解析：第一空“是否必须完成”表客观要求，用have to:第二空“不必今天完成”用 don't have to:第三空“但必须周五前交”表主观强制，用must。 2.(2023广东深圳期末，沪外版)Students一run in the hallway-一it's against the school rules.If you do,you-clean the classroom for a week A.mustn't;have to B.don't have to;must C.must;don't have to D.needn't;mustn't 答案：A解析：第一空“禁止在走廊跑”用ustn't:第二空“被迫打扫教室”表客观结果，用 have to 易错点四：should与ought to的否定及疑问句式错误 讲解： should和ought to均表“应该”，should否定式为shouldn't,疑问式将should提前；ought to否定 式为ought not to(oughtn'tto口语)，疑问式将ought提前(to保留)。 例句： You should/ought to help others You shouldn't/ought not to waste time. ●Should I call him? Ought we to tell her the truth? 真题再现： 1.(2024 湖北武汉月考，沪外版)一_we一arrive at the station before7:00a.m.? -Yes,the train leaves at 7:30 and we need to check in early. A.Should,to B.Ought;/C.Ought;to D.Must;to 答案：C解析：ought to的疑问式为“Ought+主语+to+动词原形”，should后不加to,故选C。 3 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 2.(2023四川成都期中，沪外版)You一talk loudly in the cinema一it disturbs others..You_turn off your phone,too A.ought not to;should B.shouldn't;ought C.needn't;should D.mustn't;ought to 答案：A解析：第一空“不应该大声说话”用ought not to或shouldn't:第二空“应该关手机” 用should或ought to,B项ought后缺少to,故选A。 易错点五：情态动词表推测的时态混淆 讲解： 1.对现在/一般情况推测：must(肯定，90%)、may/might/could(可能，50%-70%/30%-50%)、can't (不可能，0%)，后接动词原形或be+形容词/名词。 2.对过去情况推测：must/may/might/could/can't+have done,表“过去一定/可能/不可能做过某 事”。 例句： ·He must be at home.(现在推测) ·She can't have gone abroad-she was here yesterday..(过去推测) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海徐汇期末，沪外版)The ground is all wet.It_rained heavily last night. A.must have B.may have C.might D.can't 答案：A解析：“地面全湿”是过去下雨的证据，表肯定推测，用must have rained。 2.(2023浙江杭州期中，沪外版)-Why didn't Tom attend the meeting? -Hebeen ill,but I'm not sure. A.must have B.might have C.should have D.can have 答案：B解析：由“butI'm not sure'”可知表不确定的过去推测，用might have been ill(可能生 病了)，must have表肯定，should have表“本应该”，can表推测不用于肯定句。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点） l.一_you一finish the work before dinner yesterday?-Yes,I tried my best and succeeded.(易错 4 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 点一) A.Can;able to B.Were;able to C.Could,able to D.Are;can 2.It_rain this afternoon,,but the weather report says the sun will come out soon.(易错点二) A.must B.may C.might D.can't 3.Studentswear uniforms at school according to the rules,and theytake off their hats in class. (易错点三) A.must;have to B.have to;must C.mustn't;don't have to D.don't have to;mustn't 4.一_we_tell our parents about the broken window?(易错点四) A.Should;to B.Ought;/C.Ought;to D.Must;to Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） 1.She_(can)swim when she was five,but now she_(be able to)swim faster after training.( 错点一) 2.The movie(may)be interesting,but I'm not sure.Maybe we_(might)go to see it tomorrow. (易错点二) 3.You_(must not)park here.If you do,you一have to)pay a fine..(易错点三) 4.一we一(ought to)return the books to the library today?(易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用适当的情态动词填空： Last Sunday,Tom and his friends planned a picnic.Tom said,"I(can)drive,so I'll take us there. But on the way,the car broke down.They_(be able to)fix it with the help of a passer-by,so they arrived late."It(may)rain later,"said Lily,looking at the dark clouds."We(must)set up the tent quickly!"After lunch,Tom found his phone was missing."It(can't)be in the car,"he said. "I(might)have left it on the grass."They searched and finally found it."We-(should)be more careful next time,"said Tom. V连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.able to,finish,the task,were,you,on time,(?)(易错点一) 2.may,not,he,come,today,()(易错点二) 3.you,mustn't,in class,.talk loudly,()(易错点三) 4.ought to,we,help,each other,,()(易错点四) J 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】9年级语法精讲 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.C3.B4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.could;is able to 2.may,might 3.must not;have to 4.Ought;to II短文填空 1.can 2.were able to 3.may 4.must 5.can't 6.might 7.should V.连词成句 1.Were you able to finish the task on time? 2.He may not come today. 3.You mustn't talk loudly in class. 4.We ought to help each other. 6