内容正文:
沪外教英语七下Unit2语法讲解及习题
形容词/副词比较级和最高级
一、核心语法讲解
本单元核心语法为形容词和副词的比较级(Comparatives)与最高级(Superlatives),用于描述事物之间的程度差异,贴合“自然奇观”话题,具体解析如下:
(一)核心定义
比较级:用于两者之间的比较,表示“更……”,常搭配 than。
最高级:用于三者及以上的比较,表示“最……”,前面必须加 the(副词最高级可省略the)。
(二)规则变化表(核心考点)
单词类型
变化规则
比较级
最高级
单元例句
单音节词
直接加 -er / -est
high → higher
high → highest
The mornings are cooler than the hot days.
单音节词(以e结尾)
直接加 -r / -st
large → larger
large → largest
The Sahara is the largest desert.
单音节词(辅音+y结尾)
变y为i,再加 -er / -est
dry → drier
dry → driest
The weather here is drier than that in the south.
单音节词(重读闭音节:元音+辅音结尾)
双写末尾辅音,再加 -er / -est
big → bigger
big → biggest
The Great Barrier Reef is the biggest coral reef.
多音节词(2个及以上音节)
前面加 more / most
beautiful → more beautiful
beautiful → most beautiful
The colours are even more beautiful after rain.
副词(以-ly结尾)
前面加 more / most
easily → more easily
easily → most easily
It is one of the most easily recognisable wonders.
(三)不规则变化(必背)
原级
比较级
最高级
good / well
better
best
bad / ill
worse
worst
many / much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther(距离)/ further(程度)
farthest / furthest
(四)核心用法与例句
用法1:两者比较(比较级)
结构:A + be动词/动词 + 比较级 + than + B
例句:
a. The Li River is clearer than many other rivers in China.(漓江比中国许多其他河流更清澈。)
b. The Grand Canyon is more amazing than I imagined.(科罗拉多大峡谷比我想象的更令人惊叹。)
c. Mount Huang is higher than Mount Lu.(黄山比庐山更高。)
用法2:三者及以上比较(最高级)
结构:A + be动词/动词 + the + 最高级 + 比较范围(in/of...)
例句:
a. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.(太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。)
b. Zhangye Geopark is one of the best geoparks in the world.(张掖地质公园是世界上最好的地质公园之一。)
c. This is the most beautiful natural wonder I have ever seen.(这是我见过的最美丽的自然奇观。)
用法3:特殊结构
1. 比较级 + and + 比较级:表示“越来越……”
例:The colours became more and more beautiful after the rain.(雨后颜色变得越来越美丽。)
例:The wind grew colder and colder.(风变得越来越冷。)
2. The + 比较级, the + 比较级:表示“越……,越……”
例:The more you visit natural wonders, the more you will love nature.(你参观的自然奇观越多,就会越热爱自然。)
二、语法习题
题型一:规则变化填空
根据提示写出单词的比较级和最高级:
1. cool → ____________ → ____________
2. large → ____________ → ____________
3. dry → ____________ → ____________
4. big → ____________ → ____________
5. beautiful → ____________ → ____________
6. easy → ____________ → ____________
7. high → ____________ → ____________
8. clear → ____________ → ____________
9. amazing → ____________ → ____________
10. busy → ____________ → ____________
题型二:不规则变化填空
写出下列单词的比较级和最高级:
1. good → ____________ → ____________
2. many → ____________ → ____________
3. little → ____________ → ____________
4. bad → ____________ → ____________
5. far(距离)→ ____________ → ____________
题型三:选词填空(用所给词的正确形式 )
1. The Great Barrier Reef is ____________ (big) than any other coral reef system.
2. This is ____________ (beautiful) waterfall I have ever seen.
3. The Sahara Desert is ____________ (large) desert in the world.
4. The Grand Canyon is ____________ (amazing) than the photo shows.
5. Mount Everest is ____________ (high) mountain on Earth.
6. The Li River has ____________ (clear) water than the Yangtze River.
7. Autumn is ____________ (good) time to visit Zhangye Geopark.
8. The colours of the rocks become ____________ (colourful) after rain.
9. This park is ____________ (easy) to get to than that one.
10. The Pacific Ocean is ____________ (deep) ocean of all.
题型四:单句改错(每句1处错误)
1. The Yellow River is the second longer river in China.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. This mountain is more higher than that one.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. The weather here is drier and drier these days.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. She is the most good student in our class.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. The more you look at the painting, the most you like it.
_____________________________________________________________________
题型五:完成句子
1. 黄龙钙化池是中国最迷人的自然奇观之一。
Huanglong Travertine Pools are ____________ ____________ ____________ fascinating natural wonders in China.
2. 大堡礁比我想象的更壮观。
The Great Barrier Reef is ____________ ____________ than I imagined.
3. 你爬得越高,看到的风景就越美。
____________ ____________ you climb, ____________ ____________ the view will be.
三、习题答案与解析
题型一:规则变化填空
1. cooler; coolest
2. larger; largest
3. drier; driest
4. bigger; biggest
5. more beautiful; most beautiful
6. easier; easiest
7. higher; highest
8. clearer; clearest
9. more amazing; most amazing
10. busier; busiest
题型二:不规则变化填空
1. better; best
2. more; most
3. less; least
4. worse; worst
5. farther; farthest
题型三:选词填空
1. bigger(解析:两者比较,big双写g加-er)
2. the most beautiful(解析:三者及以上比较,多音节词前加most,前面加the)
3. the largest(解析:最高级,单音节词以e结尾加-st,前面加the)
4. more amazing(解析:两者比较,多音节词前加more)
5. the highest(解析:最高级,单音节词直接加-est,前面加the)
6. clearer(解析:两者比较,单音节词直接加-er)
7. the best(解析:good的最高级,前面加the)
8. more colourful / more and more colourful(解析:两者比较或“越来越”结构,多音节词前加more)
9. easier(解析:两者比较,辅音+y结尾变y为i加-er)
10. the deepest(解析:最高级,单音节词直接加-est,前面加the)
题型四:单句改错
1. longer → longest(解析:“第几最……”用最高级,the second longest)
2. 去掉more(解析:higher本身是比较级,more不能重复修饰)
3. drier and drier → drier and drier(正确,或改为increasingly dry;若原句为more drier则去掉more)
修正:若原句为more drier,则去掉more;若为drier and drier则正确,此处按常见错误改为:去掉more(若存在)
4. most good → best(解析:good的最高级是best,不是most good)
5. most → more(解析:“The + 比较级, the + 比较级”结构,第二个the后用比较级more)
题型五:完成句子
1. one of the most(解析:“最……之一”用one of the + 最高级)
2. more amazing / more spectacular(解析:两者比较,多音节词前加more)
3. The higher; the more beautiful(解析:“The + 比较级, the + 比较级”结构)
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