Unit 4 The art of having fun 祈使句 (语法讲解+分层精练）-2025-2026学年外研版七年级英语下册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“祈使句”语法内容，涵盖定义功能、基本结构、语气用法及中考高频考点四大知识范畴，搭建了从基础概念理解到中考题型应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“语法讲解+分层精练”设计构建完整知识体系，如将“祈使句+and/or”句型列为中考高频考点并配实例解析，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。练习分单项选择、填空等题型，错题设计针对性强，不同学生可高效掌握要点，教师可据此优化教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 4 The art of having fun （祈使句） (语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）定义与功能 1 （二）基本结构 1 （三）语气与特殊用法 1 （四）中考高频考点 2 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) 2 （一）单项选择 (共10题) 2 （二）用所给词的正确形式填空 (共10题) 3 （三）句型转换 (共5题) 3 （四）句子改错 (共5题) 3 一、语法讲解 （一）定义与功能 祈使句用来表达叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等。通常省略主语 you。 （二）基本结构 1.肯定形式： Do型：动词原形 + 其他。例：Close the door. Be型：Be + 形容词/名词 + 其他。例：Be quiet. Let型：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例：Let me try. 2.否定形式： Do型/Be型：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他。例：Don't run. Don't be late. Let型：Let ... not 或 Don't let ...。例：Let's not go. Don't let him in. （三）语气与特殊用法 1.委婉请求：句首或句末加 please（句末时常用逗号隔开）。例：Please sit down. / Stand up, please. 2.加强语气：句首加 Do。例：Do be careful! 3.固定句型：“祈使句 + and/or + 简单句”结构，相当于if引导的条件句。例：Work hard, and you'll pass.（= If you work hard, you'll pass.） （四）中考高频考点 1.辨别句子是否是祈使句（动词原形开头）。 2.区分肯定与否定形式（尤其注意 Don't be 形式）。 3.理解 Let's 与 Let us 的细微差别及应答。 4.掌握“祈使句 + and/or”句型。 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) （一）单项选择 (共10题) 1. ________ in the hallways. It's dangerous. A. Please run B. Don't run C. Not run D. Doesn't run 2. ________ careful when you cross the street. A. Do B. Do be C. Are D. Being 3. ________ up early, or you will miss the bus. A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Gets 4. — Let's go for a picnic this Sunday. — ________ A. That's right. B. Good idea. C. It doesn't matter. D. You're welcome. 5. ________ make the same mistake again. A. Never B. Not C. Don't to D. You never 6. ________ the window. It's cold outside. A. Not open B. Don't open C. Open not D. Not to open 7. Please ________ him the truth. He has the right to know. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. tells 8. ________ your sister play with fire. It's too dangerous. A. Let B. Let's C. Don't let D. Let not 9. — Mike, don't make noise in class. — ________, Miss Li. A. Sorry, I won't B. Yes, I will C. That's OK D. You're right 10. ________ and you will see the library on your right. A. Go straight B. Going straight C. To go straight D. If you go straight （二）用所给词的正确形式填空 (共10题) 1. ________ (not talk) with your mouth full of food. It's impolite. 2. ________ (be) a good student, and follow the school rules. 3. Let's ________ (share) our toys with other children. 4. Please ________ (look) both ways before crossing the street. 5. ________ (not be) afraid of making mistakes. We learn from them. 6. ________ (turn) off the lights when you leave the room. 7. Let him ________ (try) one more time. He almost made it. 8. ________ (never give) up your dreams. 9. ________ (not play) computer games for too long. It's bad for your eyes. 10. ________ (be) patient, and you will find the answer. （三）句型转换 (共5题) 1. Go straight, and you'll see the park. (改为同义句) ________ you go straight, you ________ see the park. 2. Don't be late, or you'll miss the beginning of the movie. (改为同义句) ________ you ________ late, you'll miss the beginning of the movie. 3. Let's start our lesson now. (改为疑问句) ________ ________ start our lesson now? 4. Please close the window. (改为否定句) Please ________ ________ the window. 5. If you don't hurry up, you'll be late. (改为同义祈使句) ________ ________, ________ you'll be late. （四）句子改错 (共5题) 1. Not run in the classroom. 2.Be not nervous. Just relax. 3.Let her to do it by herself. 4.Please you give me the book. 5.Comes here early tomorrow! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The art of having fun （祈使句） (语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）定义与功能 1 （二）基本结构 1 （三）语气与特殊用法 2 （四）中考高频考点 2 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) 2 （一）单项选择 (共10题) 2 （二）用所给词的正确形式填空 (共10题) 3 （三）句型转换 (共5题) 4 （四）句子改错 (共5题) 4 一、语法讲解 （一）定义与功能 祈使句用来表达叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等。通常省略主语 you。 （二）基本结构 1.肯定形式： Do型：动词原形 + 其他。例：Close the door. Be型：Be + 形容词/名词 + 其他。例：Be quiet. Let型：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例：Let me try. 2.否定形式： Do型/Be型：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他。例：Don't run. Don't be late. Let型：Let ... not 或 Don't let ...。例：Let's not go. Don't let him in. （三）语气与特殊用法 1.委婉请求：句首或句末加 please（句末时常用逗号隔开）。例：Please sit down. / Stand up, please. 2.加强语气：句首加 Do。例：Do be careful! 3.固定句型：“祈使句 + and/or + 简单句”结构，相当于if引导的条件句。例：Work hard, and you'll pass.（= If you work hard, you'll pass.） （四）中考高频考点 1.辨别句子是否是祈使句（动词原形开头）。 2.区分肯定与否定形式（尤其注意 Don't be 形式）。 3.理解 Let's 与 Let us 的细微差别及应答。 4.掌握“祈使句 + and/or”句型。 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) （一）单项选择 (共10题) 1. ________ in the hallways. It's dangerous. A. Please run B. Don't run C. Not run D. Doesn't run 答案与解析：B。表达禁止，用否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形。 2. ________ careful when you cross the street. A. Do B. Do be C. Are D. Being 答案与解析：B。Do be 用于加强语气，是肯定祈使句的强调形式。 3. ________ up early, or you will miss the bus. A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Gets 答案与解析：B。表示劝告，用动词原形开头。 4. — Let's go for a picnic this Sunday. — ________ A. That's right. B. Good idea. C. It doesn't matter. D. You're welcome. 答案与解析：B。Let's... 的建议，常用 Good idea. / OK. 等回答。 5. ________ make the same mistake again. A. Never B. Not C. Don't to D. You never 答案与解析：A。Never 可引导否定祈使句，语气更强。 6. ________ the window. It's cold outside. A. Not open B. Don't open C. Open not D. Not to open 答案与解析：B。否定祈使句，结构为 Don't + 动词原形。 7. Please ________ him the truth. He has the right to know. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. tells 答案与解析：A。Please 后接动词原形构成委婉请求。 8. ________ your sister play with fire. It's too dangerous. A. Let B. Let's C. Don't let D. Let not 答案与解析：C。表示“不要让……”，用 Don't let...。 9. — Mike, don't make noise in class. — ________, Miss Li. A. Sorry, I won't B. Yes, I will C. That's OK D. You're right 答案与解析：A。对否定祈使句的应答，常表示“不会再做了”，用 Sorry, I won't.。 10. ________ and you will see the library on your right. A. Go straight B. Going straight C. To go straight D. If you go straight 答案与解析：A。考查“祈使句 + and + 简单句”结构，前半部分用动词原形。 （二）用所给词的正确形式填空 (共10题) 1. ________ (not talk) with your mouth full of food. It's impolite. 答案与解析：Don't talk。否定祈使句。 2. ________ (be) a good student, and follow the school rules. 答案与解析：Be。肯定祈使句Be型。 3. Let's ________ (share) our toys with other children. 答案与解析：share。Let's 后接动词原形。 4. Please ________ (look) both ways before crossing the street. 答案与解析：look。Please 后接动词原形。 5. ________ (not be) afraid of making mistakes. We learn from them. 答案与解析：Don't be。否定祈使句，注意 Don't be 固定搭配。 6. ________ (turn) off the lights when you leave the room. 答案与解析：Turn。肯定祈使句。 7. Let him ________ (try) one more time. He almost made it. 答案与解析：try。Let sb. 后接动词原形。 8. ________ (never give) up your dreams. 答案与解析：Never give。Never 引导的否定祈使句。 9. ________ (not play) computer games for too long. It's bad for your eyes. 答案与解析：Don't play。否定祈使句。 10. ________ (be) patient, and you will find the answer. 答案与解析：Be。肯定祈使句Be型，与后半句构成“祈使句 + and”结构。 （三）句型转换 (共5题) 1. Go straight, and you'll see the park. (改为同义句) ________ you go straight, you ________ see the park. 答案与解析：If, will。“祈使句 + and” 常可转换为 If 引导的肯定条件句。 2. Don't be late, or you'll miss the beginning of the movie. (改为同义句) ________ you ________ late, you'll miss the beginning of the movie. 答案与解析：If, are。Don't... or... 结构常可转换为 If 引导的否定条件句（主句用将来时）。 3. Let's start our lesson now. (改为疑问句) ________ ________ start our lesson now? 答案与解析：Shall we。Let's 开头的句子可转换为 Shall we...? 提建议。 4. Please close the window. (改为否定句) Please ________ ________ the window. 答案与解析：don't close。在动词原形前加 don't 构成否定，please 位置可不变。 5. If you don't hurry up, you'll be late. (改为同义祈使句) ________ ________, ________ you'll be late. 答案与解析：Hurry up, or。If 引导的否定条件句可转换为“肯定祈使句 + or”结构。 （四）句子改错 (共5题) 1. Not run in the classroom. 答案与解析：错误：Not run → 改正：Don't run。否定祈使句应用 Don't 开头。 2.Be not nervous. Just relax. 答案与解析：错误：Be not → 改正：Don't be。be 动词的否定祈使句是 Don't be。 3.Let her to do it by herself. 答案与解析：错误：to do → 改正：do。Let sb. 后接动词原形，不加 to。 4.Please you give me the book. 答案与解析：错误：you → 改正：删除you。祈使句通常省略主语 you。 5.Comes here early tomorrow! 答案与解析：错误：Comes → 改正：Come。祈使句应以动词原形开头。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $