Unit 2 Exploring English 单词讲义-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

2026-02-11
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语外研版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 Unit 2 Exploring English
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
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地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2026-02-11
更新时间 2026-02-11
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审核时间 2026-02-11
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外研社高一必修一Unit 2 单词表 教师备课材料 1. title /ˈtaɪtl/ 词性: n. 词义: 题目,标题;头衔,称号 近义词: heading, name 词性转换: entitle (v. 给…命名;使有权利) 常见搭配: chapter title (章节标题), under the title of (以…为标题) 例句: The title of his new book is very intriguing. 他新书的标题非常引人入胜。 词性转换练习: 1. The film is ______ (title) “The Last Adventure”. (根据内容命名) 2. She gained the ______ (title) of champion after years of hard work. (获得头衔) 答案与解析: 1. entitled。解析:此处需要一个动词的被动形式,表示“被命名为”,动词 “entitle” 符合语境。 2. title。解析:此处需要名词,指“冠军的头衔”。 2. pine /paɪn/ 词性: n. 词义: 松树 近义词: pine tree 词性转换: pinewood (n. 松木), piny (adj. 松树多的) 常见搭配: pine forest (松树林), pine cone (松果) 例句: The old house was surrounded by tall pines. 那栋老房子被高大的松树环绕着。 词性转换练习: 1. The furniture is made of solid ______ (pine). (材料) 2. The air in the ______ (pine) mountains is very fresh. (描述环境) 答案与解析: 1. pinewood。解析:此处需要名词,指“松木”这种材料。 2. piny。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“mountains”,表示“多松树的”。 3. pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpl/ 词性: n. 词义: 菠萝 常见搭配: pineapple juice (菠萝汁), slice of pineapple (一片菠萝) 例句: Pineapple is a tropical fruit rich in vitamin C. 菠萝是一种富含维生素C的热带水果。 词性转换练习: 1. She ordered a ______ (pineapple) smoothie. (饮料类型) 2. The cake was decorated with pieces of fresh ______ (pineapple). (水果) 答案与解析: 1. pineapple。解析:此处直接使用名词作定语,修饰“smoothie”,意为“菠萝奶昔”。 2. pineapple。解析:此处需要名词,作介词“with”的宾语。 4. airsick / carsick / homesick / seasick /ˈeəˌsɪk/ /ˈkɑːˌsɪk/ /ˈhəʊmˌsɪk/ /ˈsiːsɪk/ 词性: adj. 词义: 晕机的/晕车的/想家的/晕船的 构词法: n. + sick = adj. (因…而感到不适的) 近义词: nauseous (airsick/carsick/seasick); nostalgic (homesick) 反义词: comfortable; settled 词性转换: airsickness/carsickness/homesickness/seasickness (n.) 常见搭配: feel/get airsick; suffer from homesickness 例句: Many students experience homesickness during their first term at university. 许多学生在大学第一学期都会经历想家。 词性转换练习: 1. The rough waves caused severe ______ (seasick) among the passengers. (名词,晕船的症状) 2. He took some medicine to prevent ______ (carsick) before the long journey. (名词,晕车) 答案与解析: 1. seasickness。解析:形容词“seasick”对应的名词形式是“seasickness”。 2. carsickness。解析:动词“prevent”后接名词,形容词“carsick”的名词形式是“carsickness”。 5. opposing /əˈpəʊzɪŋ/ 词性: adj. 词义: (观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的 近义词: conflicting, contrary 反义词: similar, agreeing 词性转换: oppose (v. 反对), opposition (n. 反对), opposed (adj. 反对的) 常见搭配: opposing views/arguments (相反的观点/论点) 例句: The two parties hold opposing opinions on environmental policies. 两党在环境政策上持有相反的意见。 词性转换练习: 1. Many local residents ______ (opposing) the construction plan. (动词,表示反对) 2. She faced strong ______ (opposing) from her family when she decided to study abroad. (名词,反对) 答案与解析: 1. oppose。解析:此处需要动词原形作谓语。 2. opposition。解析:形容词“strong”后接名词,动词“oppose”的名词形式是“opposition”。 6. behavior /bɪˈheɪvjər/ 词性: n. 词义: 举止,行为 近义词: conduct, manner 反义词: misbehavior 词性转换: behave (v. 表现), behavioral (adj. 行为的) 常见搭配: good/bad behavior (好/坏行为), behavioral science (行为科学) 例句: His rude behavior at the party embarrassed everyone. 他在派对上的粗鲁行为让所有人都很尴尬。 词性转换练习: 1. The children ______ (behavior) very well during the visit. (动词,表现) 2. Psychologists study ______ (behavior) patterns in humans and animals. (形容词,行为的) 答案与解析: 1. behaved。解析:此处需要动词的过去式,表示过去发生的动作。 2. behavioral。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“patterns”。 7. ham /hæm/ 词性: n. 词义: 火腿 常见搭配: a slice of ham (一片火腿), ham sandwich (火腿三明治) 例句: I’d like a ham and cheese omelette, please. 请给我来一份火腿奶酪煎蛋卷。 词性转换练习: 1. The chef prepared a delicious ______ (ham) salad. (作定语) 2. We need to buy some ______ (ham) for the pizza topping. (材料) 答案与解析: 1. ham。解析:此处直接使用名词作定语,修饰“salad”。 2. ham。解析:此处需要不可数名词,指火腿肉。 8. eggplant /ˈeɡplɑːnt/ 词性: n. 词义: 茄子 近义词: aubergine (英式) 常见搭配: stuffed eggplant (酿茄子) 例句: Eggplant is a key ingredient in many Mediterranean dishes. 茄子是许多地中海菜肴的关键食材。 词性转换练习: 1. Do you know how to cook ______ (eggplant) parmesan? (菜名) 2. The market sells fresh ______ (eggplant) every morning. (蔬菜) 答案与解析: 1. eggplant。解析:名词作定语,构成菜名“茄子帕尔马干酪”。 2. eggplants/eggplant。解析:此处需要名词作宾语,可数名词可用复数或单数表示类别。 9. confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ 词性: adj. 词义: 令人困惑的 近义词: puzzling, perplexing 反义词: clear, straightforward 词性转换: confuse (v. 使困惑), confused (adj. 感到困惑的), confusion (n. 困惑) 常见搭配: confusing instructions/signals (令人困惑的指示/信号) 例句: The map was so confusing that we got lost. 这张地图太令人困惑了,我们迷路了。 词性转换练习: 1. The sudden change of plan ______ (confusing) all the team members. (动词,使困惑) 2. He looked ______ (confusing) when asked about the missing document. (形容词,感到困惑的) 答案与解析: 1. confused。解析:此处需要动词的过去式作谓语。 2. confused。解析:此处描述“他”的状态,应用过去分词转化来的形容词“confused”(感到困惑的)。 10. capitalized /ˈkæpɪtəlaɪzd/ 词性: adj. 词义: 大写的 近义词: uppercase 反义词: lowercase (小写的) 词性转换: capital (n. 大写字母;首都;资金), capitalize (v. 用大写字母写;利用), capitalization (n. 大写;资本化) 常见搭配: capitalized word (大写的单词) 例句: Proper nouns should always be capitalized in English. 在英语中,专有名词总是应该大写。 词性转换练习: 1. Remember to ______ (capitalized) the first letter of each sentence. (动词,大写) 2. The company raised enough ______ (capitalized) to start the project. (名词,资金) 答案与解析: 1. capitalize。解析:动词不定式后接动词原形。 2. capital。解析:此处需要名词,指“资金”。 11. unique /juːˈniːk/ 词性: adj. 词义: 独一无二的,独特的 近义词: distinctive, one-of-a-kind 反义词: common, ordinary 词性转换: uniqueness (n. 独特性) 常见搭配: unique opportunity/feature (独特的机会/特点) 例句: Each person’s fingerprints are unique. 每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。 词性转换练习: 1. The ______ (unique) of her artistic style makes her paintings easily recognizable. (名词,独特性) 2. This is a ______ (unique) chance to see the rare bird. (形容词,独特的) 答案与解析: 1. uniqueness。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。 2. unique。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“chance”。 12. burn up / burn down 词组: burn up / burn down 词义: burn up: (使) 烧尽,烧光(强调彻底消耗);burn down: (建筑物等) 烧毁,烧塌 近义词: consume (burn up); destroy by fire (burn down) 例句: The spacecraft will burn up upon re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere. 宇宙飞船在重新进入地球大气层时会烧毁。 The historical building burnt down in a terrible fire last night. 那座历史建筑在昨晚的一场大火中烧毁了。 词性转换练习: 1. The old letters were ______ (burn up) in the fireplace. (被动语态) 2. After the factory ______ (burn down), many people lost their jobs. (过去时态) 答案与解析: 1. burnt/burned up。解析:此处为被动语态,动词需用过去分词形式。 2. burnt/burned down。解析:主句是过去时,从句动作发生在主句之前,需用一般过去时。 13. alarm /əˈlɑːm/ 词性: n. 词义: 警报器;闹钟;惊恐 近义词: siren (警报器); fear (惊恐) 反义词: calm (n. 平静) 词性转换: alarm (v. 使惊恐), alarming (adj. 令人惊恐的), alarmed (adj. 感到惊恐的) 常见搭配: fire alarm (火警), set the alarm (设闹钟), cause alarm (引起恐慌) 例句: The sudden sound of the alarm caused great panic. 突然响起的警报声引起了巨大的恐慌。 词性转换练习: 1. The news report about the virus ______ (alarm) the public. (动词,使惊恐) 2. She gave an ______ (alarm) cry when she saw the spider. (形容词,惊恐的) 答案与解析: 1. alarmed。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。 2. alarmed。解析:此处描述“cry”的性质,表示“她”发出的,应用过去分词转化来的形容词“alarmed”(感到惊恐的)。 14. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ 词性: v. 词义: 显示,反映;反射;深思 近义词: show, indicate; mirror; contemplate 反义词: absorb (吸收光/热);ignore (忽略) 词性转换: reflection (n. 反映;倒影;思考), reflective (adj. 反射的;深思的) 常见搭配: reflect on (仔细思考), reflect light (反射光) 例句: The latest sales figures reflect a growing demand for our products. 最新的销售数据反映出市场对我们产品的需求在增长。 词性转换练习: 1. She spent hours in ______ (reflect) after reading the letter. (名词,思考) 2. The lake’s surface is so calm that it perfectly ______ (reflect) the mountains. (动词,反射) 答案与解析: 1. reflection。解析:介词“in”后接名词,表示“处于…状态”。 2. reflects。解析:主语是第三人称单数“it”,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。 15. creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ 词性: n. 词义: 创造性,创造力 近义词: originality, inventiveness 反义词: unoriginality 词性转换: create (v. 创造), creative (adj. 创造性的), creation (n. 创造物) 常见搭配: artistic creativity (艺术创造力), foster creativity (培养创造力) 例句: This project requires both technical skills and creativity. 这个项目既需要技术能力,也需要创造力。 词性转换练习: 1. The artist used recycled materials to ______ (creativity) a stunning sculpture. (动词,创造) 2. She is known for her ______ (creativity) approach to problem-solving. (形容词,创造性的) 答案与解析: 1. create。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。 2. creative。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“approach”。 16. visible /ˈvɪzəbl/ 词性: adj. 词义: 看得见的,可见的;明显的 近义词: noticeable, perceptible 反义词: invisible, hidden 词性转换: vision (n. 视力;景象), visibility (n. 能见度), visualize (v. 想象) 常见搭配: visible to the naked eye (肉眼可见的), highly visible (非常显眼的) 例句: The stars are only visible on a clear night. 只有在晴朗的夜晚才能看见星星。 词性转换练习: 1. Poor ______ (visible) due to heavy fog caused traffic delays. (名词,能见度) 2. It’s important to ______ (visible) your goals clearly before starting. (动词,想象/构想) 答案与解析: 1. visibility。解析:形容词“Poor”后接名词。 2. visualize。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形,意为“在心中清晰地构想出你的目标”。 17. wind up 词组: wind up (wound, wound) 词义: 给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束 近义词: end, conclude (结束) 反义词: start, begin 常见搭配: wind up a watch (给手表上发条), wind up a meeting (结束会议) 例句: The speaker wound up his presentation with a powerful quote. 演讲者以一句有力的引语结束了他的陈述。 词性转换练习: 1. He forgot to ______ (wind up) his old grandfather clock. (动词短语,上发条) 2. The company eventually ______ (wind up) its operations in that country. (动词短语,结束) 答案与解析: 1. wind up。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。 2. wound up。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。 18. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ 词性: adj. 词义: 创造(性)的,有创意的 近义词: imaginative, inventive 反义词: uncreative, unimaginative 词性转换: creativity (n. 创造力), create (v. 创造), creator (n. 创造者) 常见搭配: creative thinking/writing (创造性思维/写作), creative industry (创意产业) 例句: We need to find a creative solution to this problem. 我们需要找到一个有创意的方法来解决这个问题。 词性转换练习: 1. The job advertisement asks for candidates with ______ (creative). (名词,创造力) 2. She ______ (creative) a beautiful garden in her backyard. (动词,创造) 答案与解析: 1. creativity。解析:介词“with”后接名词。 2. created。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。 19. sculpt /skʌlpt/ 词性: v. 词义: 雕刻,雕塑 近义词: carve, shape 词性转换: sculpture (n. 雕塑品), sculptor (n. 雕塑家) 常见搭配: sculpt a statue (雕刻一尊雕像) 例句: The artist spent years sculpting the marble into a masterpiece. 这位艺术家花了数年时间将那块大理石雕刻成一件杰作。 词性转换练习: 1. He is a famous ______ (sculpt) known for his bronze works. (名词,雕塑家) 2. The ancient ______ (sculpt) was discovered in the ruins. (名词,雕塑品) 答案与解析: 1. sculptor。解析:不定冠词“a”后接名词,指人。 2. sculpture。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词,指物。 20. sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə/ 词性: n. 词义: 雕像,雕塑品,雕塑作品;雕塑艺术 近义词: statue, carving 词性转换: sculpt (v. 雕刻), sculptor (n. 雕塑家), sculptural (adj. 雕塑的) 常见搭配: modern sculpture (现代雕塑), a piece of sculpture (一件雕塑作品) 例句: The museum has a fine collection of Greek sculptures. 这家博物馆收藏了一批精美的希腊雕塑。 词性转换练习: 1. The ice artist will ______ (sculpture) a swan from this block of ice. (动词,雕刻) 2. The ______ (sculpture) details of the building are magnificent. (形容词,雕塑般的) 答案与解析: 1. sculpt。解析:情态动词“will”后接动词原形。 2. sculptural。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“details”。 21. type /taɪp/ 词性: n. 词义: 类型,种类 近义词: kind, sort, category 词性转换: type (v. 打字), typical (adj. 典型的), typist (n. 打字员) 常见搭配: blood type (血型), a type of (一种...) 例句: What type of music do you enjoy listening to? 你喜欢听什么类型的音乐? 词性转换练习: 1. She can ______ (type) very fast on the keyboard. (动词,打字) 2. This painting is ______ (type) of his early work. (形容词,典型的) 答案与解析: 1. type。解析:情态动词“can”后接动词原形。 2. typical。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,构成“be typical of”(是...的典型)搭配。 22. come across 词组: come across 词义: 偶然发现,偶然遇见;给人以…印象 近义词: run into, encounter; seem, appear 常见搭配: come across as (给人留下…印象), come across something (偶然发现某物) 例句: I came across an old photo of my grandparents while cleaning the attic. 打扫阁楼时,我偶然发现了一张祖父母的旧照片。 词性转换练习: 1. He ______ (come across) a fascinating article online yesterday. (动词短语,过去时) 2. She ______ (come across) very confident in the interview. (动词短语,一般现在时,给人印象) 答案与解析: 1. came across。解析:时间状语“yesterday”表明需用过去时。 2. comes across。解析:主语是第三人称单数“She”,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。 23. unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪliər/ 词性: adj. 词义: 不熟悉的,不了解的 近义词: unknown, strange 反义词: familiar, well-known 词性转换: familiarity (n. 熟悉), familiarize (v. 使熟悉) 常见搭配: unfamiliar with (对…不熟悉), unfamiliar territory (陌生的领域) 例句: The streets were dark and unfamiliar to her. 街道黑暗且对她来说很陌生。 词性转换练习: 1. His ______ (unfamiliar) with the local customs caused some awkwardness. (名词,不熟悉) 2. You need to ______ (unfamiliar) yourself with the new software. (动词,使熟悉) 答案与解析: 1. unfamiliarity。解析:物主代词“His”后通常接名词。 2. familiarize。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形,构成“familiarize oneself with”(使自己熟悉)搭配。 24. contact /ˈkɒntækt/ 词性: v./n. 词义: v. 联系,联络; n. 接触;联系;联系人 近义词: get in touch with (v.); connection (n.) 词性转换: contactable (adj. 可联系到的) 常见搭配: contact details (联系方式), make contact with (与…取得联系), eye contact (眼神交流) 例句: Please contact me if you have any further questions. 如果您有任何进一步的问题,请联系我。 词性转换练习: 1. She is easily ______ (contact) by email. (形容词,可联系到的) 2. We lost ______ (contact) after graduation. (名词,联系) 答案与解析: 1. contactable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。 2. contact。解析:动词“lost”后接名词作宾语。 25. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ 词性: n. 词义: 组织,团体,机构 近义词: association, institution, group 词性转换: organize (v. 组织), organized (adj. 有组织的), organizer (n. 组织者) 常见搭配: non-profit organization (非营利组织), World Health Organization (世界卫生组织) 例句: She works for an international aid organization. 她为一家国际援助组织工作。 词性转换练习: 1. Who will be responsible for ______ (organization) the school fair? (动词,组织) 2. He is a very ______ (organization) person and always keeps his desk tidy. (形容词,有条理的) 答案与解析: 1. organizing。解析:介词“for”后接动名词。 2. organized。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“person”,表示“有条理的”。 26. likely /ˈlaɪkli/ 词性: adj. 词义: 可能的,可能发生的 近义词: probable, possible 反义词: unlikely, improbable 词性转换: likelihood (n. 可能性) 常见搭配: be likely to do (很可能做…), It is likely that... (很可能...) 例句: It is likely to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella. 今天下午很可能下雨,所以带把伞吧。 词性转换练习: 1. There is a high ______ (likely) that the meeting will be postponed. (名词,可能性) 2. She is the most ______ (likely) candidate to get the promotion. (形容词,可能的) 答案与解析: 1. likelihood。解析:不定冠词“a”后接名词。 2. likely。解析:最高级“the most”后接形容词原级。 27. subway / highway / motorway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ /ˈhaɪweɪ/ /ˈməʊtəweɪ/ 词性: n. 词义: 地铁/公路/高速公路 近义词: underground, metro (subway); freeway, expressway (motorway) 常见搭配: take the subway (乘地铁), highway code (公路法规) 例句: The new motorway has significantly reduced travel time between the two cities. 新的高速公路大大缩短了两座城市之间的旅行时间。 词性转换练习: 1. During rush hour, the ______ (subway) is extremely crowded. (名词,地铁系统) 2. They are building a new ring ______ (highway) around the city. (名词,公路) 答案与解析: 1. subway。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词,此处特指地铁系统。 2. highway。解析:此处需要名词,构成复合名词“ring highway”(环城公路)。 28. gas / petrol /ɡæs/ /ˈpetrəl/ 词性: n. 词义: 汽油(gas 美式,petrol 英式) 近义词: fuel 词性转换: gasoline (n. 美式汽油的全称) 常见搭配: gas station/petrol station (加油站), run out of gas/petrol (汽油耗尽) 例句: We need to stop at the next gas station to fill up the tank. 我们需要在下一个加油站停车把油箱加满。 词性转换练习: 1. The price of ______ (gas) has risen again. (名词,汽油) 2. My car runs on unleaded ______ (petrol). (名词,汽油) 答案与解析: 1. gas。解析:此处用美式英语表达。 2. petrol。解析:此处用英式英语表达。 29. apartment / flat /əˈpɑːrtmənt/ /flæt/ 词性: n. 词义: 一套住房,公寓套房(apartment 美式,flat 英式) 近义词: unit, condo 常见搭配: rent an apartment/flat (租一套公寓), apartment building/flat block (公寓楼) 例句: They live in a small apartment in the city center. 他们住在市中心的一间小公寓里。 词性转换练习: 1. She’s looking for a furnished ______ (flat) to rent. (名词,公寓) 2. The new ______ (apartment) complex has a swimming pool. (名词,公寓) 答案与解析: 1. flat。解析:此处用英式英语表达。 2. apartment。解析:此处用美式英语表达,作定语修饰“complex”。 30. elevator /ˈelɪveɪtər/ 词性: n. 词义: 电梯,升降机(美式) 近义词: lift (英式) 词性转换: elevate (v. 提升,举起), elevation (n. 海拔;提升) 常见搭配: take the elevator (乘电梯) 例句: The elevator is out of order; we’ll have to use the stairs. 电梯坏了,我们得走楼梯了。 词性转换练习: 1. The drug is used to ______ (elevator) mood in patients with depression. (动词,提升) 2. The ______ (elevator) of this mountain is over 3000 meters. (名词,海拔) 答案与解析: 1. elevate。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。 2. elevation。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。 31. context /ˈkɒntekst/ 词性: n. 词义: 上下文,语境;背景,环境 近义词: circumstance, setting 词性转换: contextual (adj. 上下文的,背景的) 常见搭配: in/out of context (在/脱离上下文), historical context (历史背景) 例句: To understand the meaning of a word, you should always look at it in context. 要理解一个词的意思,你应该总是结合上下文来看。 词性转换练习: 1. The meaning of the word changes depending on its ______ (context) use. (形容词,上下文的) 2. You have to consider the social ______ (context) in which the novel was written. (名词,背景) 答案与解析: 1. contextual。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“use”。 2. context。解析:此处需要名词作宾语。 32. addition /əˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ 词性: n. 词义: 增加物,添加物;加法 近义词: supplement, extra 反义词: subtraction, removal 词性转换: add (v. 增加), additional (adj. 额外的), additive (n. 添加剂) 常见搭配: in addition to (除…之外), new addition (新增的人或物) 例句: The new library is a wonderful addition to our school. 新图书馆是我们学校一个极好的新增设施。 词性转换练习: 1. The recipe says to ______ (addition) salt and pepper to taste. (动词,添加) 2. There is an ______ (addition) charge for luggage over 20kg. (形容词,额外的) 答案与解析: 1. add。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。 2. additional。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“charge”。 33. forum /ˈfɔːrəm/ 词性: n. 词义: (因特网上的)论坛,讨论区;(公开)讨论场所 近义词: discussion board, platform 常见搭配: online forum (在线论坛), public forum (公共论坛) 例句: The website provides a forum for users to exchange ideas and experiences. 这个网站为用户提供了一个交流想法和经验的论坛。 词性转换练习: 1. She posted her question on a popular tech ______ (forum). (名词,论坛) 2. The conference serves as an important ______ (forum) for industry leaders. (名词,交流平台) 答案与解析: 1. forum。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。 2. forum。解析:不定冠词“an”后接可数名词单数,意为“平台”。 34. resource /rɪˈzɔːs/ 词性: n. 词义: 资源,(教学)资源;财力;智谋 近义词: asset, supply 词性转换: resourceful (adj. 足智多谋的), resourcefulness (n. 智谋) 常见搭配: natural resources (自然资源), teaching resources (教学资源) 例句: The library is an excellent resource for students doing research. 图书馆是学生做研究的极好资源。 词性转换练习: 1. He is a very ______ (resource) engineer who can fix anything. (形容词,足智多谋的) 2. The company needs to manage its financial ______ (resource) more efficiently. (名词,资源) 答案与解析: 1. resourceful。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“engineer”。 2. resources。解析:物主代词“its”后接名词,通常用复数形式表示多种资源。 35. misadventure /ˌmɪsədˈventʃə/ 词性: n. 词义: 事故,灾难(通常指不幸的小事故或意外) 近义词: accident, misfortune 反义词: success, fortune 词性转换: adventurous (adj. 爱冒险的), adventure (n. 冒险) 常见搭配: death by misadventure (意外致死 - 法律术语) 例句: Their hiking trip turned into a misadventure when they got lost in the storm. 当他们在暴风雨中迷路后,他们的徒步旅行变成了一场灾难。 词性转换练习: 1. She has an ______ (misadventure) spirit and loves traveling alone. (形容词,爱冒险的) 2. Reading about their ______ (misadventure) in the jungle was thrilling. (名词,冒险经历) 答案与解析: 1. adventurous。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“spirit”。注意“misadventure”的形容词形式通常用其词根“adventure”派生。 2. adventures。解析:物主代词“their”后接名词,此处指“冒险经历”,用复数。 36. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ 词性: v. 词义: 提醒,使……想起 近义词: prompt, make someone remember 词性转换: reminder (n. 提醒物;提醒) 常见搭配: remind sb. of sth. (使某人想起某事), remind sb. to do sth. (提醒某人做某事) 例句: Could you remind me to call my mother tomorrow? 你能提醒我明天给我妈妈打个电话吗? 词性转换练习: 1. I set an alarm as a ______ (remind) to take my medicine. (名词,提醒物) 2. This song always ______ (remind) me of our summer holiday. (动词,使想起) 答案与解析: 1. reminder。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。 2. reminds。解析:主语“This song”是第三人称单数,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。 37. rather /ˈrɑːðər/ 词性: adv. 词义: 相当,颇;宁愿 近义词: quite, fairly; preferably 常见搭配: rather than (而不是), would rather (宁愿) 例句: It’s rather cold today, so you’d better wear a coat. 今天相当冷,所以你最好穿件外套。 词性转换练习: 1. I ______ (rather) stay at home than go to the crowded mall. (构成“宁愿”搭配) 2. She chose the blue dress ______ (rather) the red one. (构成“而不是”搭配) 答案与解析: 1. would rather。解析:构成“would rather... than...”句型,意为“宁愿…也不…”。 2. rather than。解析:构成“rather than”固定搭配,连接两个并列成分。 38. comment /ˈkɒment/ 词性: n./v. 词义: n. 评论; v. 评论,发表意见 近义词: remark, observation 词性转换: commentary (n. 实况报道;评论), commentator (n. 评论员) 常见搭配: make a comment (发表评论), no comment (无可奉告), comment on (对…发表评论) 例句: The manager made no comment on the recent rumors. 经理对最近的传闻未作任何评论。 词性转换练习: 1. The political ______ (comment) gave an analysis of the election results. (名词,评论员) 2. She refused to ______ (comment) on her private life. (动词,评论) 答案与解析: 1. commentator。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词,指人。 2. comment。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。 39. have a frog in one’s throat 词组: have a frog in one’s throat 词义: (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难,声音嘶哑 近义词: be hoarse 例句: Excuse me if I sound strange; I have a frog in my throat. 如果我声音奇怪请见谅;我嗓子有点哑。 词性转换练习: 1. After singing all night, he woke up ______ (have a frog in his throat). (描述状态) 2. She couldn’t give the speech because she ______ (have a frog in her throat). (描述原因) 答案与解析: 1. having a frog in his throat。解析:此处需要分词短语作状语,描述伴随状态。 2. had a frog in her throat。解析:主句是过去时,从句动作与主句同时,需用一般过去时。 40. downtown /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/ 词性: adj./adv. 词义: 在城镇中心区的,在闹市区的 近义词: city center 反义词: uptown (美式:非商业区); suburban 常见搭配: go downtown (去市中心), a downtown area (市中心区) 例句: There are many good restaurants downtown. 市中心有很多不错的餐厅。 词性转换练习: 1. We live in a ______ (downtown) apartment. (形容词,市中心的) 2. Let’s go ______ (downtown) for a movie tonight. (副词,去市中心) 答案与解析: 1. downtown。解析:此处需要形容词作定语。 2. downtown。解析:此处需要副词,表示方向。 41. boot /buːt/ 词性: n. 词义: 靴子;(汽车后备箱 - 英式) 近义词: trunk (美式:汽车后备箱) 常见搭配: hiking boots (登山靴), put sth. in the boot (把某物放进后备箱) 例句: She put her suitcase in the boot of the car. 她把行李箱放进了汽车的后备箱。 词性转换练习: 1. You’ll need strong ______ (boot) for the mountain trek. (名词,靴子) 2. The shopping bags are all in the ______ (boot). (名词,后备箱) 答案与解析: 1. boots。解析:此处需要可数名词复数。 2. boot。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词单数,特指汽车的后备箱。 42. entrance / exit /ˈentrəns/ /ˈeksɪt/ 词性: n. 词义: 大门(口),入口(处)/ 出口 近义词: entry, way in / way out, departure 反义词: exit (entrance的反义词) 常见搭配: main entrance/exit (主入口/出口), emergency exit (紧急出口) 例句: Please use the entrance on the left and the exit on the right. 请使用左侧的入口和右侧的出口。 词性转换练习: 1. The ______ (entrance) fee to the museum is 10 dollars. (名词作定语,入场) 2. In case of fire, locate the nearest ______ (exit) immediately. (名词,出口) 答案与解析: 1. entrance。解析:名词作定语,修饰“fee”。 2. exit。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词。 43. section /ˈsekʃ(ə)n/ 词性: n. 词义: 区域;部分;(文章等的)段,节 近义词: part, segment, area 词性转换: sectional (adj. 部分的;组合的) 常见搭配: business section (商业版), the string section (弦乐部) 例句: The library has a quiet section for studying. 图书馆有一个供学习的安静区域。 词性转换练习: 1. Please refer to ______ (section) 5 of the manual. (名词,章节) 2. The sofa is ______ (section), so you can rearrange it. (形容词,组合式的) 答案与解析: 1. Section。解析:此处需要名词,通常大写表示特定编号的章节。 2. sectional。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,描述沙发的特性。 44. actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ 词性: adv. 词义: 事实上,实际上;竟然(表示惊讶) 近义词: in fact, really 词性转换: actual (adj. 实际的), actuality (n. 现实) 常见搭配: (常用于句首或动词前,强调事实) 例句: I thought he was French, but actually he’s from Belgium. 我以为他是法国人,但实际上他来自比利时。 词性转换练习: 1. The ______ (actually) cost was much higher than the estimate. (形容词,实际的) 2. He ______ (actually) managed to finish the race despite his injury. (副词,竟然) 答案与解析: 1. actual。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“cost”。 2. actually。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“managed”,表示惊讶。 45. downstairs /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/ 词性: adv./adj. 词义: 在楼下,往楼下;楼下的 反义词: upstairs 常见搭配: go downstairs (下楼), the downstairs bathroom (楼下的卫生间) 例句: Your breakfast is waiting for you downstairs. 你的早餐在楼下等着你呢。 词性转换练习: 1. The ______ (downstairs) neighbors are very friendly. (形容词,楼下的) 2. Could you bring my bag ______ (downstairs)? (副词,下来) 答案与解析: 1. downstairs。解析:此处需要形容词作定语。 2. downstairs。解析:此处需要副词,表示方向。 46. wicked /ˈwɪkɪd/ 词性: adj. 词义: 凶恶的,邪恶的;很棒的,极好的(口语) 近义词: evil, sinful (贬义); awesome, excellent (褒义 - 口语) 反义词: virtuous, good (贬义的反义) 词性转换: wickedness (n. 邪恶) 常见搭配: a wicked witch (邪恶的女巫), a wicked sense of humor (极妙的幽默感) 例句: That’s a wicked guitar solo! (口语,褒义) 那段吉他独奏太棒了! 词性转换练习: 1. The fairy tale is about the battle between goodness and ______ (wicked). (名词,邪恶) 2. He played a ______ (wicked) trick on his brother. (形容词,恶作剧的/不好的) 答案与解析: 1. wickedness。解析:介词“between”后接名词,与“goodness”并列。 2. wicked。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“trick”,根据语境取“恶作剧的/恶劣的”含义。 47. odd /ɒd/ 词性: adj. 词义: 奇特的,古怪的;奇数的;临时的 近义词: strange, peculiar, weird 反义词: normal, ordinary; even (偶数) 词性转换: oddity (n. 怪异;怪人), odds (n. 可能性,几率) 常见搭配: odd numbers (奇数), odd jobs (零工), feel odd (感觉不舒服/奇怪) 例句: He has an odd habit of collecting bottle caps. 他有个收集瓶盖的古怪习惯。 词性转换练习: 1. The museum is full of historical ______ (odd). (名词,奇特的事物) 2. The ______ (odd) of winning the lottery are extremely low. (名词,几率) 答案与解析: 1. oddities。解析:此处需要可数名词复数,指各种奇特的东西。 2. odds。解析:此处需要固定复数名词“odds”,表示“几率”。 48. negative / positive /ˈnegətɪv/ /ˈpɒzətɪv/ 词性: adj. 词义: 消极的,负面的;否定的 / 好的,积极的;肯定的 近义词: pessimistic, unfavorable / optimistic, favorable 反义词: positive (negative的反义词) 词性转换: negativity (n.) / positivity (n.); negate (v. 否定) / posit (v. 假定) 常见搭配: negative/positive effect (负面/积极影响), negative/positive attitude (消极/积极态度) 例句: Try to stay positive even when facing difficulties. 即使面对困难,也要努力保持积极。 词性转换练习: 1. Constant criticism can create an atmosphere of ______ (negative). (名词,消极) 2. Her ______ (positive) is infectious and cheers everyone up. (名词,积极乐观) 答案与解析: 1. negativity。解析:介词“of”后接名词。 2. positivity。解析:物主代词“Her”后通常接名词。 49. error /ˈerə/ 词性: n. 词义: 错误,谬误 近义词: mistake, fault, blunder 反义词: correctness, accuracy 词性转换: erroneous (adj. 错误的) 常见搭配: make an error (犯错), error message (错误信息), trial and error (反复试验) 例句: The report contained several spelling errors. 这份报告有几个拼写错误。 词性转换练习: 1. He was operating under an ______ (error) assumption. (形容词,错误的) 2. The computer system is full of______ (error) and needs to be fixed. 答案与解析: 1. erroneous。解析:不定冠词“an”后接形容词修饰“assumption”。 2. full of errors解析:充满错误。 50. intend /ɪnˈtend/ 词性: v. 词义: 计划,打算,想要 近义词: plan, mean, aim 词性转换: intention (n. 意图), intended (adj. 计划的,预期的) 常见搭配: intend to do sth. (打算做某事), be intended for (专为…设计/准备) 例句: What do you intend to do after university? 大学毕业后你打算做什么? 词性转换练习: 1. She has no ______ (intend) of changing her mind. (名词,意图) 2. This gift is ______ (intend) for you. (形容词,专为…的) 答案与解析: 1. intention。解析:动词“has”后接名词作宾语。 2. intended。解析:此处是“be intended for”固定搭配的被动形式,用过去分词。 51. informal /ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l/ 词性: adj. 词义: (书写或言谈)非正式的;随便的 近义词: casual, unofficial 反义词: formal 词性转换: informality (n. 非正式), informally (adv.) 常见搭配: informal language/meeting (非正式语言/会议) 例句: The email was written in an informal style. 这封电子邮件是用非正式的风格写的。 词性转换练习: 1. The party was a relaxed occasion with an atmosphere of ______ (informal). (名词,随意) 2. We dressed ______ (informal) for the picnic. (副词,随意地) 答案与解析: 1. informality。解析:介词“of”后接名词。 2. informally。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“dressed”。 52. recognise (recognize) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ 词性: v. 词义: 认识,辨认出;承认,认可 近义词: identify, acknowledge 词性转换: recognition (n. 认出;承认), recognizable (adj. 可辨认的) 常见搭配: recognise sb./sth. as (承认…是…), gain recognition (获得认可) 例句: I could hardly recognise her after ten years. 十年后我几乎认不出她了。 词性转换练习: 1. He received international ______ (recognise) for his scientific achievements. (名词,认可) 2. The logo is easily ______ (recognise) all over the world. (形容词,可辨认的) 答案与解析: 1. recognition。解析:动词“received”后接名词作宾语。 2. recognizable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。 53. base /beɪs/ 词性: v./n. 词义: v. 以…为基础; n. 基础,基地 近义词: found, ground (v.); foundation (n.) 词性转换: basic (adj. 基本的), basis (n. 基础,依据) 常见搭配: base on/upon (基于), military base (军事基地) 例句: The movie is based on a true story. 这部电影是根据一个真实故事改编的。 词性转换练习: 1. You need to have a good ______ (base) in mathematics to study physics. (名词,基础) 2. The ______ (base) idea is quite simple. (形容词,基本的) 答案与解析: 1. basis。解析:此处需要名词,意为“基础、功底”,常用单数。 2. basic。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“idea”。 54. aware / be aware of /əˈweə/ 词性: adj. / 词组 词义: 意识到的,明白的 / 意识到,察觉到 近义词: conscious, mindful 反义词: unaware, oblivious 词性转换: awareness (n. 意识) 常见搭配: be fully aware that... (完全意识到…), raise awareness (提高意识) 例句: Are you aware of the risks involved in this investment? 你意识到这项投资所涉及的风险了吗? 词性转换练习: 1. Public ______ (aware) of environmental issues has increased. (名词,意识) 2. He wasn’t ______ (aware) that he had made a mistake. (形容词,意识到的) 答案与解析: 1. awareness。解析:此处需要名词作主语。 2. aware。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,后接“that”从句。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 2 Exploring English 单词讲义-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册
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Unit 2 Exploring English 单词讲义-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册
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