内容正文:
外研社高一必修一Unit 2 单词表
教师备课材料
1. title /ˈtaɪtl/
词性: n.
词义: 题目,标题;头衔,称号
近义词: heading, name
词性转换: entitle (v. 给…命名;使有权利)
常见搭配: chapter title (章节标题), under the title of (以…为标题)
例句: The title of his new book is very intriguing.
他新书的标题非常引人入胜。
词性转换练习:
1. The film is ______ (title) “The Last Adventure”. (根据内容命名)
2. She gained the ______ (title) of champion after years of hard work. (获得头衔)
答案与解析:
1. entitled。解析:此处需要一个动词的被动形式,表示“被命名为”,动词 “entitle” 符合语境。
2. title。解析:此处需要名词,指“冠军的头衔”。
2. pine /paɪn/
词性: n.
词义: 松树
近义词: pine tree
词性转换: pinewood (n. 松木), piny (adj. 松树多的)
常见搭配: pine forest (松树林), pine cone (松果)
例句: The old house was surrounded by tall pines.
那栋老房子被高大的松树环绕着。
词性转换练习:
1. The furniture is made of solid ______ (pine). (材料)
2. The air in the ______ (pine) mountains is very fresh. (描述环境)
答案与解析:
1. pinewood。解析:此处需要名词,指“松木”这种材料。
2. piny。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“mountains”,表示“多松树的”。
3. pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpl/
词性: n.
词义: 菠萝
常见搭配: pineapple juice (菠萝汁), slice of pineapple (一片菠萝)
例句: Pineapple is a tropical fruit rich in vitamin C.
菠萝是一种富含维生素C的热带水果。
词性转换练习:
1. She ordered a ______ (pineapple) smoothie. (饮料类型)
2. The cake was decorated with pieces of fresh ______ (pineapple). (水果)
答案与解析:
1. pineapple。解析:此处直接使用名词作定语,修饰“smoothie”,意为“菠萝奶昔”。
2. pineapple。解析:此处需要名词,作介词“with”的宾语。
4. airsick / carsick / homesick / seasick /ˈeəˌsɪk/ /ˈkɑːˌsɪk/ /ˈhəʊmˌsɪk/ /ˈsiːsɪk/
词性: adj.
词义: 晕机的/晕车的/想家的/晕船的
构词法: n. + sick = adj. (因…而感到不适的)
近义词: nauseous (airsick/carsick/seasick); nostalgic (homesick)
反义词: comfortable; settled
词性转换: airsickness/carsickness/homesickness/seasickness (n.)
常见搭配: feel/get airsick; suffer from homesickness
例句: Many students experience homesickness during their first term at university.
许多学生在大学第一学期都会经历想家。
词性转换练习:
1. The rough waves caused severe ______ (seasick) among the passengers. (名词,晕船的症状)
2. He took some medicine to prevent ______ (carsick) before the long journey. (名词,晕车)
答案与解析:
1. seasickness。解析:形容词“seasick”对应的名词形式是“seasickness”。
2. carsickness。解析:动词“prevent”后接名词,形容词“carsick”的名词形式是“carsickness”。
5. opposing /əˈpəʊzɪŋ/
词性: adj.
词义: (观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的
近义词: conflicting, contrary
反义词: similar, agreeing
词性转换: oppose (v. 反对), opposition (n. 反对), opposed (adj. 反对的)
常见搭配: opposing views/arguments (相反的观点/论点)
例句: The two parties hold opposing opinions on environmental policies.
两党在环境政策上持有相反的意见。
词性转换练习:
1. Many local residents ______ (opposing) the construction plan. (动词,表示反对)
2. She faced strong ______ (opposing) from her family when she decided to study abroad. (名词,反对)
答案与解析:
1. oppose。解析:此处需要动词原形作谓语。
2. opposition。解析:形容词“strong”后接名词,动词“oppose”的名词形式是“opposition”。
6. behavior /bɪˈheɪvjər/
词性: n.
词义: 举止,行为
近义词: conduct, manner
反义词: misbehavior
词性转换: behave (v. 表现), behavioral (adj. 行为的)
常见搭配: good/bad behavior (好/坏行为), behavioral science (行为科学)
例句: His rude behavior at the party embarrassed everyone.
他在派对上的粗鲁行为让所有人都很尴尬。
词性转换练习:
1. The children ______ (behavior) very well during the visit. (动词,表现)
2. Psychologists study ______ (behavior) patterns in humans and animals. (形容词,行为的)
答案与解析:
1. behaved。解析:此处需要动词的过去式,表示过去发生的动作。
2. behavioral。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“patterns”。
7. ham /hæm/
词性: n.
词义: 火腿
常见搭配: a slice of ham (一片火腿), ham sandwich (火腿三明治)
例句: I’d like a ham and cheese omelette, please.
请给我来一份火腿奶酪煎蛋卷。
词性转换练习:
1. The chef prepared a delicious ______ (ham) salad. (作定语)
2. We need to buy some ______ (ham) for the pizza topping. (材料)
答案与解析:
1. ham。解析:此处直接使用名词作定语,修饰“salad”。
2. ham。解析:此处需要不可数名词,指火腿肉。
8. eggplant /ˈeɡplɑːnt/
词性: n.
词义: 茄子
近义词: aubergine (英式)
常见搭配: stuffed eggplant (酿茄子)
例句: Eggplant is a key ingredient in many Mediterranean dishes.
茄子是许多地中海菜肴的关键食材。
词性转换练习:
1. Do you know how to cook ______ (eggplant) parmesan? (菜名)
2. The market sells fresh ______ (eggplant) every morning. (蔬菜)
答案与解析:
1. eggplant。解析:名词作定语,构成菜名“茄子帕尔马干酪”。
2. eggplants/eggplant。解析:此处需要名词作宾语,可数名词可用复数或单数表示类别。
9. confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/
词性: adj.
词义: 令人困惑的
近义词: puzzling, perplexing
反义词: clear, straightforward
词性转换: confuse (v. 使困惑), confused (adj. 感到困惑的), confusion (n. 困惑)
常见搭配: confusing instructions/signals (令人困惑的指示/信号)
例句: The map was so confusing that we got lost.
这张地图太令人困惑了,我们迷路了。
词性转换练习:
1. The sudden change of plan ______ (confusing) all the team members. (动词,使困惑)
2. He looked ______ (confusing) when asked about the missing document. (形容词,感到困惑的)
答案与解析:
1. confused。解析:此处需要动词的过去式作谓语。
2. confused。解析:此处描述“他”的状态,应用过去分词转化来的形容词“confused”(感到困惑的)。
10. capitalized /ˈkæpɪtəlaɪzd/
词性: adj.
词义: 大写的
近义词: uppercase
反义词: lowercase (小写的)
词性转换: capital (n. 大写字母;首都;资金), capitalize (v. 用大写字母写;利用), capitalization (n. 大写;资本化)
常见搭配: capitalized word (大写的单词)
例句: Proper nouns should always be capitalized in English.
在英语中,专有名词总是应该大写。
词性转换练习:
1. Remember to ______ (capitalized) the first letter of each sentence. (动词,大写)
2. The company raised enough ______ (capitalized) to start the project. (名词,资金)
答案与解析:
1. capitalize。解析:动词不定式后接动词原形。
2. capital。解析:此处需要名词,指“资金”。
11. unique /juːˈniːk/
词性: adj.
词义: 独一无二的,独特的
近义词: distinctive, one-of-a-kind
反义词: common, ordinary
词性转换: uniqueness (n. 独特性)
常见搭配: unique opportunity/feature (独特的机会/特点)
例句: Each person’s fingerprints are unique.
每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。
词性转换练习:
1. The ______ (unique) of her artistic style makes her paintings easily recognizable. (名词,独特性)
2. This is a ______ (unique) chance to see the rare bird. (形容词,独特的)
答案与解析:
1. uniqueness。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。
2. unique。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“chance”。
12. burn up / burn down
词组: burn up / burn down
词义: burn up: (使) 烧尽,烧光(强调彻底消耗);burn down: (建筑物等) 烧毁,烧塌
近义词: consume (burn up); destroy by fire (burn down)
例句:
The spacecraft will burn up upon re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere.
宇宙飞船在重新进入地球大气层时会烧毁。
The historical building burnt down in a terrible fire last night.
那座历史建筑在昨晚的一场大火中烧毁了。
词性转换练习:
1. The old letters were ______ (burn up) in the fireplace. (被动语态)
2. After the factory ______ (burn down), many people lost their jobs. (过去时态)
答案与解析:
1. burnt/burned up。解析:此处为被动语态,动词需用过去分词形式。
2. burnt/burned down。解析:主句是过去时,从句动作发生在主句之前,需用一般过去时。
13. alarm /əˈlɑːm/
词性: n.
词义: 警报器;闹钟;惊恐
近义词: siren (警报器); fear (惊恐)
反义词: calm (n. 平静)
词性转换: alarm (v. 使惊恐), alarming (adj. 令人惊恐的), alarmed (adj. 感到惊恐的)
常见搭配: fire alarm (火警), set the alarm (设闹钟), cause alarm (引起恐慌)
例句: The sudden sound of the alarm caused great panic.
突然响起的警报声引起了巨大的恐慌。
词性转换练习:
1. The news report about the virus ______ (alarm) the public. (动词,使惊恐)
2. She gave an ______ (alarm) cry when she saw the spider. (形容词,惊恐的)
答案与解析:
1. alarmed。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。
2. alarmed。解析:此处描述“cry”的性质,表示“她”发出的,应用过去分词转化来的形容词“alarmed”(感到惊恐的)。
14. reflect /rɪˈflekt/
词性: v.
词义: 显示,反映;反射;深思
近义词: show, indicate; mirror; contemplate
反义词: absorb (吸收光/热);ignore (忽略)
词性转换: reflection (n. 反映;倒影;思考), reflective (adj. 反射的;深思的)
常见搭配: reflect on (仔细思考), reflect light (反射光)
例句: The latest sales figures reflect a growing demand for our products.
最新的销售数据反映出市场对我们产品的需求在增长。
词性转换练习:
1. She spent hours in ______ (reflect) after reading the letter. (名词,思考)
2. The lake’s surface is so calm that it perfectly ______ (reflect) the mountains. (动词,反射)
答案与解析:
1. reflection。解析:介词“in”后接名词,表示“处于…状态”。
2. reflects。解析:主语是第三人称单数“it”,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。
15. creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/
词性: n.
词义: 创造性,创造力
近义词: originality, inventiveness
反义词: unoriginality
词性转换: create (v. 创造), creative (adj. 创造性的), creation (n. 创造物)
常见搭配: artistic creativity (艺术创造力), foster creativity (培养创造力)
例句: This project requires both technical skills and creativity.
这个项目既需要技术能力,也需要创造力。
词性转换练习:
1. The artist used recycled materials to ______ (creativity) a stunning sculpture. (动词,创造)
2. She is known for her ______ (creativity) approach to problem-solving. (形容词,创造性的)
答案与解析:
1. create。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. creative。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“approach”。
16. visible /ˈvɪzəbl/
词性: adj.
词义: 看得见的,可见的;明显的
近义词: noticeable, perceptible
反义词: invisible, hidden
词性转换: vision (n. 视力;景象), visibility (n. 能见度), visualize (v. 想象)
常见搭配: visible to the naked eye (肉眼可见的), highly visible (非常显眼的)
例句: The stars are only visible on a clear night.
只有在晴朗的夜晚才能看见星星。
词性转换练习:
1. Poor ______ (visible) due to heavy fog caused traffic delays. (名词,能见度)
2. It’s important to ______ (visible) your goals clearly before starting. (动词,想象/构想)
答案与解析:
1. visibility。解析:形容词“Poor”后接名词。
2. visualize。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形,意为“在心中清晰地构想出你的目标”。
17. wind up
词组: wind up (wound, wound)
词义: 给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
近义词: end, conclude (结束)
反义词: start, begin
常见搭配: wind up a watch (给手表上发条), wind up a meeting (结束会议)
例句: The speaker wound up his presentation with a powerful quote.
演讲者以一句有力的引语结束了他的陈述。
词性转换练习:
1. He forgot to ______ (wind up) his old grandfather clock. (动词短语,上发条)
2. The company eventually ______ (wind up) its operations in that country. (动词短语,结束)
答案与解析:
1. wind up。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. wound up。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。
18. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/
词性: adj.
词义: 创造(性)的,有创意的
近义词: imaginative, inventive
反义词: uncreative, unimaginative
词性转换: creativity (n. 创造力), create (v. 创造), creator (n. 创造者)
常见搭配: creative thinking/writing (创造性思维/写作), creative industry (创意产业)
例句: We need to find a creative solution to this problem.
我们需要找到一个有创意的方法来解决这个问题。
词性转换练习:
1. The job advertisement asks for candidates with ______ (creative). (名词,创造力)
2. She ______ (creative) a beautiful garden in her backyard. (动词,创造)
答案与解析:
1. creativity。解析:介词“with”后接名词。
2. created。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。
19. sculpt /skʌlpt/
词性: v.
词义: 雕刻,雕塑
近义词: carve, shape
词性转换: sculpture (n. 雕塑品), sculptor (n. 雕塑家)
常见搭配: sculpt a statue (雕刻一尊雕像)
例句: The artist spent years sculpting the marble into a masterpiece.
这位艺术家花了数年时间将那块大理石雕刻成一件杰作。
词性转换练习:
1. He is a famous ______ (sculpt) known for his bronze works. (名词,雕塑家)
2. The ancient ______ (sculpt) was discovered in the ruins. (名词,雕塑品)
答案与解析:
1. sculptor。解析:不定冠词“a”后接名词,指人。
2. sculpture。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词,指物。
20. sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə/
词性: n.
词义: 雕像,雕塑品,雕塑作品;雕塑艺术
近义词: statue, carving
词性转换: sculpt (v. 雕刻), sculptor (n. 雕塑家), sculptural (adj. 雕塑的)
常见搭配: modern sculpture (现代雕塑), a piece of sculpture (一件雕塑作品)
例句: The museum has a fine collection of Greek sculptures.
这家博物馆收藏了一批精美的希腊雕塑。
词性转换练习:
1. The ice artist will ______ (sculpture) a swan from this block of ice. (动词,雕刻)
2. The ______ (sculpture) details of the building are magnificent. (形容词,雕塑般的)
答案与解析:
1. sculpt。解析:情态动词“will”后接动词原形。
2. sculptural。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“details”。
21. type /taɪp/
词性: n.
词义: 类型,种类
近义词: kind, sort, category
词性转换: type (v. 打字), typical (adj. 典型的), typist (n. 打字员)
常见搭配: blood type (血型), a type of (一种...)
例句: What type of music do you enjoy listening to?
你喜欢听什么类型的音乐?
词性转换练习:
1. She can ______ (type) very fast on the keyboard. (动词,打字)
2. This painting is ______ (type) of his early work. (形容词,典型的)
答案与解析:
1. type。解析:情态动词“can”后接动词原形。
2. typical。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,构成“be typical of”(是...的典型)搭配。
22. come across
词组: come across
词义: 偶然发现,偶然遇见;给人以…印象
近义词: run into, encounter; seem, appear
常见搭配: come across as (给人留下…印象), come across something (偶然发现某物)
例句: I came across an old photo of my grandparents while cleaning the attic.
打扫阁楼时,我偶然发现了一张祖父母的旧照片。
词性转换练习:
1. He ______ (come across) a fascinating article online yesterday. (动词短语,过去时)
2. She ______ (come across) very confident in the interview. (动词短语,一般现在时,给人印象)
答案与解析:
1. came across。解析:时间状语“yesterday”表明需用过去时。
2. comes across。解析:主语是第三人称单数“She”,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。
23. unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪliər/
词性: adj.
词义: 不熟悉的,不了解的
近义词: unknown, strange
反义词: familiar, well-known
词性转换: familiarity (n. 熟悉), familiarize (v. 使熟悉)
常见搭配: unfamiliar with (对…不熟悉), unfamiliar territory (陌生的领域)
例句: The streets were dark and unfamiliar to her.
街道黑暗且对她来说很陌生。
词性转换练习:
1. His ______ (unfamiliar) with the local customs caused some awkwardness. (名词,不熟悉)
2. You need to ______ (unfamiliar) yourself with the new software. (动词,使熟悉)
答案与解析:
1. unfamiliarity。解析:物主代词“His”后通常接名词。
2. familiarize。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形,构成“familiarize oneself with”(使自己熟悉)搭配。
24. contact /ˈkɒntækt/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 联系,联络; n. 接触;联系;联系人
近义词: get in touch with (v.); connection (n.)
词性转换: contactable (adj. 可联系到的)
常见搭配: contact details (联系方式), make contact with (与…取得联系), eye contact (眼神交流)
例句: Please contact me if you have any further questions.
如果您有任何进一步的问题,请联系我。
词性转换练习:
1. She is easily ______ (contact) by email. (形容词,可联系到的)
2. We lost ______ (contact) after graduation. (名词,联系)
答案与解析:
1. contactable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. contact。解析:动词“lost”后接名词作宾语。
25. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/
词性: n.
词义: 组织,团体,机构
近义词: association, institution, group
词性转换: organize (v. 组织), organized (adj. 有组织的), organizer (n. 组织者)
常见搭配: non-profit organization (非营利组织), World Health Organization (世界卫生组织)
例句: She works for an international aid organization.
她为一家国际援助组织工作。
词性转换练习:
1. Who will be responsible for ______ (organization) the school fair? (动词,组织)
2. He is a very ______ (organization) person and always keeps his desk tidy. (形容词,有条理的)
答案与解析:
1. organizing。解析:介词“for”后接动名词。
2. organized。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“person”,表示“有条理的”。
26. likely /ˈlaɪkli/
词性: adj.
词义: 可能的,可能发生的
近义词: probable, possible
反义词: unlikely, improbable
词性转换: likelihood (n. 可能性)
常见搭配: be likely to do (很可能做…), It is likely that... (很可能...)
例句: It is likely to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.
今天下午很可能下雨,所以带把伞吧。
词性转换练习:
1. There is a high ______ (likely) that the meeting will be postponed. (名词,可能性)
2. She is the most ______ (likely) candidate to get the promotion. (形容词,可能的)
答案与解析:
1. likelihood。解析:不定冠词“a”后接名词。
2. likely。解析:最高级“the most”后接形容词原级。
27. subway / highway / motorway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ /ˈhaɪweɪ/ /ˈməʊtəweɪ/
词性: n.
词义: 地铁/公路/高速公路
近义词: underground, metro (subway); freeway, expressway (motorway)
常见搭配: take the subway (乘地铁), highway code (公路法规)
例句: The new motorway has significantly reduced travel time between the two cities.
新的高速公路大大缩短了两座城市之间的旅行时间。
词性转换练习:
1. During rush hour, the ______ (subway) is extremely crowded. (名词,地铁系统)
2. They are building a new ring ______ (highway) around the city. (名词,公路)
答案与解析:
1. subway。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词,此处特指地铁系统。
2. highway。解析:此处需要名词,构成复合名词“ring highway”(环城公路)。
28. gas / petrol /ɡæs/ /ˈpetrəl/
词性: n.
词义: 汽油(gas 美式,petrol 英式)
近义词: fuel
词性转换: gasoline (n. 美式汽油的全称)
常见搭配: gas station/petrol station (加油站), run out of gas/petrol (汽油耗尽)
例句: We need to stop at the next gas station to fill up the tank.
我们需要在下一个加油站停车把油箱加满。
词性转换练习:
1. The price of ______ (gas) has risen again. (名词,汽油)
2. My car runs on unleaded ______ (petrol). (名词,汽油)
答案与解析:
1. gas。解析:此处用美式英语表达。
2. petrol。解析:此处用英式英语表达。
29. apartment / flat /əˈpɑːrtmənt/ /flæt/
词性: n.
词义: 一套住房,公寓套房(apartment 美式,flat 英式)
近义词: unit, condo
常见搭配: rent an apartment/flat (租一套公寓), apartment building/flat block (公寓楼)
例句: They live in a small apartment in the city center.
他们住在市中心的一间小公寓里。
词性转换练习:
1. She’s looking for a furnished ______ (flat) to rent. (名词,公寓)
2. The new ______ (apartment) complex has a swimming pool. (名词,公寓)
答案与解析:
1. flat。解析:此处用英式英语表达。
2. apartment。解析:此处用美式英语表达,作定语修饰“complex”。
30. elevator /ˈelɪveɪtər/
词性: n.
词义: 电梯,升降机(美式)
近义词: lift (英式)
词性转换: elevate (v. 提升,举起), elevation (n. 海拔;提升)
常见搭配: take the elevator (乘电梯)
例句: The elevator is out of order; we’ll have to use the stairs.
电梯坏了,我们得走楼梯了。
词性转换练习:
1. The drug is used to ______ (elevator) mood in patients with depression. (动词,提升)
2. The ______ (elevator) of this mountain is over 3000 meters. (名词,海拔)
答案与解析:
1. elevate。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. elevation。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。
31. context /ˈkɒntekst/
词性: n.
词义: 上下文,语境;背景,环境
近义词: circumstance, setting
词性转换: contextual (adj. 上下文的,背景的)
常见搭配: in/out of context (在/脱离上下文), historical context (历史背景)
例句: To understand the meaning of a word, you should always look at it in context.
要理解一个词的意思,你应该总是结合上下文来看。
词性转换练习:
1. The meaning of the word changes depending on its ______ (context) use. (形容词,上下文的)
2. You have to consider the social ______ (context) in which the novel was written. (名词,背景)
答案与解析:
1. contextual。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“use”。
2. context。解析:此处需要名词作宾语。
32. addition /əˈdɪʃ(ə)n/
词性: n.
词义: 增加物,添加物;加法
近义词: supplement, extra
反义词: subtraction, removal
词性转换: add (v. 增加), additional (adj. 额外的), additive (n. 添加剂)
常见搭配: in addition to (除…之外), new addition (新增的人或物)
例句: The new library is a wonderful addition to our school.
新图书馆是我们学校一个极好的新增设施。
词性转换练习:
1. The recipe says to ______ (addition) salt and pepper to taste. (动词,添加)
2. There is an ______ (addition) charge for luggage over 20kg. (形容词,额外的)
答案与解析:
1. add。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. additional。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“charge”。
33. forum /ˈfɔːrəm/
词性: n.
词义: (因特网上的)论坛,讨论区;(公开)讨论场所
近义词: discussion board, platform
常见搭配: online forum (在线论坛), public forum (公共论坛)
例句: The website provides a forum for users to exchange ideas and experiences.
这个网站为用户提供了一个交流想法和经验的论坛。
词性转换练习:
1. She posted her question on a popular tech ______ (forum). (名词,论坛)
2. The conference serves as an important ______ (forum) for industry leaders. (名词,交流平台)
答案与解析:
1. forum。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. forum。解析:不定冠词“an”后接可数名词单数,意为“平台”。
34. resource /rɪˈzɔːs/
词性: n.
词义: 资源,(教学)资源;财力;智谋
近义词: asset, supply
词性转换: resourceful (adj. 足智多谋的), resourcefulness (n. 智谋)
常见搭配: natural resources (自然资源), teaching resources (教学资源)
例句: The library is an excellent resource for students doing research.
图书馆是学生做研究的极好资源。
词性转换练习:
1. He is a very ______ (resource) engineer who can fix anything. (形容词,足智多谋的)
2. The company needs to manage its financial ______ (resource) more efficiently. (名词,资源)
答案与解析:
1. resourceful。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“engineer”。
2. resources。解析:物主代词“its”后接名词,通常用复数形式表示多种资源。
35. misadventure /ˌmɪsədˈventʃə/
词性: n.
词义: 事故,灾难(通常指不幸的小事故或意外)
近义词: accident, misfortune
反义词: success, fortune
词性转换: adventurous (adj. 爱冒险的), adventure (n. 冒险)
常见搭配: death by misadventure (意外致死 - 法律术语)
例句: Their hiking trip turned into a misadventure when they got lost in the storm.
当他们在暴风雨中迷路后,他们的徒步旅行变成了一场灾难。
词性转换练习:
1. She has an ______ (misadventure) spirit and loves traveling alone. (形容词,爱冒险的)
2. Reading about their ______ (misadventure) in the jungle was thrilling. (名词,冒险经历)
答案与解析:
1. adventurous。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“spirit”。注意“misadventure”的形容词形式通常用其词根“adventure”派生。
2. adventures。解析:物主代词“their”后接名词,此处指“冒险经历”,用复数。
36. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/
词性: v.
词义: 提醒,使……想起
近义词: prompt, make someone remember
词性转换: reminder (n. 提醒物;提醒)
常见搭配: remind sb. of sth. (使某人想起某事), remind sb. to do sth. (提醒某人做某事)
例句: Could you remind me to call my mother tomorrow?
你能提醒我明天给我妈妈打个电话吗?
词性转换练习:
1. I set an alarm as a ______ (remind) to take my medicine. (名词,提醒物)
2. This song always ______ (remind) me of our summer holiday. (动词,使想起)
答案与解析:
1. reminder。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. reminds。解析:主语“This song”是第三人称单数,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。
37. rather /ˈrɑːðər/
词性: adv.
词义: 相当,颇;宁愿
近义词: quite, fairly; preferably
常见搭配: rather than (而不是), would rather (宁愿)
例句: It’s rather cold today, so you’d better wear a coat.
今天相当冷,所以你最好穿件外套。
词性转换练习:
1. I ______ (rather) stay at home than go to the crowded mall. (构成“宁愿”搭配)
2. She chose the blue dress ______ (rather) the red one. (构成“而不是”搭配)
答案与解析:
1. would rather。解析:构成“would rather... than...”句型,意为“宁愿…也不…”。
2. rather than。解析:构成“rather than”固定搭配,连接两个并列成分。
38. comment /ˈkɒment/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 评论; v. 评论,发表意见
近义词: remark, observation
词性转换: commentary (n. 实况报道;评论), commentator (n. 评论员)
常见搭配: make a comment (发表评论), no comment (无可奉告), comment on (对…发表评论)
例句: The manager made no comment on the recent rumors.
经理对最近的传闻未作任何评论。
词性转换练习:
1. The political ______ (comment) gave an analysis of the election results. (名词,评论员)
2. She refused to ______ (comment) on her private life. (动词,评论)
答案与解析:
1. commentator。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词,指人。
2. comment。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
39. have a frog in one’s throat
词组: have a frog in one’s throat
词义: (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难,声音嘶哑
近义词: be hoarse
例句: Excuse me if I sound strange; I have a frog in my throat.
如果我声音奇怪请见谅;我嗓子有点哑。
词性转换练习:
1. After singing all night, he woke up ______ (have a frog in his throat). (描述状态)
2. She couldn’t give the speech because she ______ (have a frog in her throat). (描述原因)
答案与解析:
1. having a frog in his throat。解析:此处需要分词短语作状语,描述伴随状态。
2. had a frog in her throat。解析:主句是过去时,从句动作与主句同时,需用一般过去时。
40. downtown /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/
词性: adj./adv.
词义: 在城镇中心区的,在闹市区的
近义词: city center
反义词: uptown (美式:非商业区); suburban
常见搭配: go downtown (去市中心), a downtown area (市中心区)
例句: There are many good restaurants downtown.
市中心有很多不错的餐厅。
词性转换练习:
1. We live in a ______ (downtown) apartment. (形容词,市中心的)
2. Let’s go ______ (downtown) for a movie tonight. (副词,去市中心)
答案与解析:
1. downtown。解析:此处需要形容词作定语。
2. downtown。解析:此处需要副词,表示方向。
41. boot /buːt/
词性: n.
词义: 靴子;(汽车后备箱 - 英式)
近义词: trunk (美式:汽车后备箱)
常见搭配: hiking boots (登山靴), put sth. in the boot (把某物放进后备箱)
例句: She put her suitcase in the boot of the car.
她把行李箱放进了汽车的后备箱。
词性转换练习:
1. You’ll need strong ______ (boot) for the mountain trek. (名词,靴子)
2. The shopping bags are all in the ______ (boot). (名词,后备箱)
答案与解析:
1. boots。解析:此处需要可数名词复数。
2. boot。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词单数,特指汽车的后备箱。
42. entrance / exit /ˈentrəns/ /ˈeksɪt/
词性: n.
词义: 大门(口),入口(处)/ 出口
近义词: entry, way in / way out, departure
反义词: exit (entrance的反义词)
常见搭配: main entrance/exit (主入口/出口), emergency exit (紧急出口)
例句: Please use the entrance on the left and the exit on the right.
请使用左侧的入口和右侧的出口。
词性转换练习:
1. The ______ (entrance) fee to the museum is 10 dollars. (名词作定语,入场)
2. In case of fire, locate the nearest ______ (exit) immediately. (名词,出口)
答案与解析:
1. entrance。解析:名词作定语,修饰“fee”。
2. exit。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词。
43. section /ˈsekʃ(ə)n/
词性: n.
词义: 区域;部分;(文章等的)段,节
近义词: part, segment, area
词性转换: sectional (adj. 部分的;组合的)
常见搭配: business section (商业版), the string section (弦乐部)
例句: The library has a quiet section for studying.
图书馆有一个供学习的安静区域。
词性转换练习:
1. Please refer to ______ (section) 5 of the manual. (名词,章节)
2. The sofa is ______ (section), so you can rearrange it. (形容词,组合式的)
答案与解析:
1. Section。解析:此处需要名词,通常大写表示特定编号的章节。
2. sectional。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,描述沙发的特性。
44. actually /ˈæktʃuəli/
词性: adv.
词义: 事实上,实际上;竟然(表示惊讶)
近义词: in fact, really
词性转换: actual (adj. 实际的), actuality (n. 现实)
常见搭配: (常用于句首或动词前,强调事实)
例句: I thought he was French, but actually he’s from Belgium.
我以为他是法国人,但实际上他来自比利时。
词性转换练习:
1. The ______ (actually) cost was much higher than the estimate. (形容词,实际的)
2. He ______ (actually) managed to finish the race despite his injury. (副词,竟然)
答案与解析:
1. actual。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“cost”。
2. actually。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“managed”,表示惊讶。
45. downstairs /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/
词性: adv./adj.
词义: 在楼下,往楼下;楼下的
反义词: upstairs
常见搭配: go downstairs (下楼), the downstairs bathroom (楼下的卫生间)
例句: Your breakfast is waiting for you downstairs.
你的早餐在楼下等着你呢。
词性转换练习:
1. The ______ (downstairs) neighbors are very friendly. (形容词,楼下的)
2. Could you bring my bag ______ (downstairs)? (副词,下来)
答案与解析:
1. downstairs。解析:此处需要形容词作定语。
2. downstairs。解析:此处需要副词,表示方向。
46. wicked /ˈwɪkɪd/
词性: adj.
词义: 凶恶的,邪恶的;很棒的,极好的(口语)
近义词: evil, sinful (贬义); awesome, excellent (褒义 - 口语)
反义词: virtuous, good (贬义的反义)
词性转换: wickedness (n. 邪恶)
常见搭配: a wicked witch (邪恶的女巫), a wicked sense of humor (极妙的幽默感)
例句: That’s a wicked guitar solo! (口语,褒义)
那段吉他独奏太棒了!
词性转换练习:
1. The fairy tale is about the battle between goodness and ______ (wicked). (名词,邪恶)
2. He played a ______ (wicked) trick on his brother. (形容词,恶作剧的/不好的)
答案与解析:
1. wickedness。解析:介词“between”后接名词,与“goodness”并列。
2. wicked。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“trick”,根据语境取“恶作剧的/恶劣的”含义。
47. odd /ɒd/
词性: adj.
词义: 奇特的,古怪的;奇数的;临时的
近义词: strange, peculiar, weird
反义词: normal, ordinary; even (偶数)
词性转换: oddity (n. 怪异;怪人), odds (n. 可能性,几率)
常见搭配: odd numbers (奇数), odd jobs (零工), feel odd (感觉不舒服/奇怪)
例句: He has an odd habit of collecting bottle caps.
他有个收集瓶盖的古怪习惯。
词性转换练习:
1. The museum is full of historical ______ (odd). (名词,奇特的事物)
2. The ______ (odd) of winning the lottery are extremely low. (名词,几率)
答案与解析:
1. oddities。解析:此处需要可数名词复数,指各种奇特的东西。
2. odds。解析:此处需要固定复数名词“odds”,表示“几率”。
48. negative / positive /ˈnegətɪv/ /ˈpɒzətɪv/
词性: adj.
词义: 消极的,负面的;否定的 / 好的,积极的;肯定的
近义词: pessimistic, unfavorable / optimistic, favorable
反义词: positive (negative的反义词)
词性转换: negativity (n.) / positivity (n.); negate (v. 否定) / posit (v. 假定)
常见搭配: negative/positive effect (负面/积极影响), negative/positive attitude (消极/积极态度)
例句: Try to stay positive even when facing difficulties.
即使面对困难,也要努力保持积极。
词性转换练习:
1. Constant criticism can create an atmosphere of ______ (negative). (名词,消极)
2. Her ______ (positive) is infectious and cheers everyone up. (名词,积极乐观)
答案与解析:
1. negativity。解析:介词“of”后接名词。
2. positivity。解析:物主代词“Her”后通常接名词。
49. error /ˈerə/
词性: n.
词义: 错误,谬误
近义词: mistake, fault, blunder
反义词: correctness, accuracy
词性转换: erroneous (adj. 错误的)
常见搭配: make an error (犯错), error message (错误信息), trial and error (反复试验)
例句: The report contained several spelling errors.
这份报告有几个拼写错误。
词性转换练习:
1. He was operating under an ______ (error) assumption. (形容词,错误的)
2. The computer system is full of______ (error) and needs to be fixed.
答案与解析:
1. erroneous。解析:不定冠词“an”后接形容词修饰“assumption”。
2. full of errors解析:充满错误。
50. intend /ɪnˈtend/
词性: v.
词义: 计划,打算,想要
近义词: plan, mean, aim
词性转换: intention (n. 意图), intended (adj. 计划的,预期的)
常见搭配: intend to do sth. (打算做某事), be intended for (专为…设计/准备)
例句: What do you intend to do after university?
大学毕业后你打算做什么?
词性转换练习:
1. She has no ______ (intend) of changing her mind. (名词,意图)
2. This gift is ______ (intend) for you. (形容词,专为…的)
答案与解析:
1. intention。解析:动词“has”后接名词作宾语。
2. intended。解析:此处是“be intended for”固定搭配的被动形式,用过去分词。
51. informal /ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l/
词性: adj.
词义: (书写或言谈)非正式的;随便的
近义词: casual, unofficial
反义词: formal
词性转换: informality (n. 非正式), informally (adv.)
常见搭配: informal language/meeting (非正式语言/会议)
例句: The email was written in an informal style.
这封电子邮件是用非正式的风格写的。
词性转换练习:
1. The party was a relaxed occasion with an atmosphere of ______ (informal). (名词,随意)
2. We dressed ______ (informal) for the picnic. (副词,随意地)
答案与解析:
1. informality。解析:介词“of”后接名词。
2. informally。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“dressed”。
52. recognise (recognize) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/
词性: v.
词义: 认识,辨认出;承认,认可
近义词: identify, acknowledge
词性转换: recognition (n. 认出;承认), recognizable (adj. 可辨认的)
常见搭配: recognise sb./sth. as (承认…是…), gain recognition (获得认可)
例句: I could hardly recognise her after ten years.
十年后我几乎认不出她了。
词性转换练习:
1. He received international ______ (recognise) for his scientific achievements. (名词,认可)
2. The logo is easily ______ (recognise) all over the world. (形容词,可辨认的)
答案与解析:
1. recognition。解析:动词“received”后接名词作宾语。
2. recognizable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
53. base /beɪs/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 以…为基础; n. 基础,基地
近义词: found, ground (v.); foundation (n.)
词性转换: basic (adj. 基本的), basis (n. 基础,依据)
常见搭配: base on/upon (基于), military base (军事基地)
例句: The movie is based on a true story.
这部电影是根据一个真实故事改编的。
词性转换练习:
1. You need to have a good ______ (base) in mathematics to study physics. (名词,基础)
2. The ______ (base) idea is quite simple. (形容词,基本的)
答案与解析:
1. basis。解析:此处需要名词,意为“基础、功底”,常用单数。
2. basic。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“idea”。
54. aware / be aware of /əˈweə/
词性: adj. / 词组
词义: 意识到的,明白的 / 意识到,察觉到
近义词: conscious, mindful
反义词: unaware, oblivious
词性转换: awareness (n. 意识)
常见搭配: be fully aware that... (完全意识到…), raise awareness (提高意识)
例句: Are you aware of the risks involved in this investment?
你意识到这项投资所涉及的风险了吗?
词性转换练习:
1. Public ______ (aware) of environmental issues has increased. (名词,意识)
2. He wasn’t ______ (aware) that he had made a mistake. (形容词,意识到的)
答案与解析:
1. awareness。解析:此处需要名词作主语。
2. aware。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,后接“that”从句。
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