UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义围绕“气候变化”主题，系统梳理核心词汇（如starve, ecology, carbon等）、短语（have an impact on, refer to等）、语法（直接引语和间接引语）及重点句型（There is little/no doubt that..., with复合结构等），构建从基础语言知识到阅读思维训练的递进式学习支架。 资料亮点在于“读图探新”环节结合“绿水青山就是金山银山”翻译等互动问题，渗透文化意识与家国情怀；阅读后主旨、细节题及填空练习，培养分析推断的思维品质；预习自测与素养提升题助力学生自主学习，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

[重难预知] 核心单词 Starve，cology，elease，rbon，abitable，ustain，uel，omprehensive， Worldwide，rend，requently，roadcast，estrict，eize，eform，armonious。Ubmit，ensitive，onservation，ozen，campaign，olerate 核心短语 1.have an impact/effect on对……有影响　　　　　　 2.refer to参考；查阅；指的是 3．be trapped in陷入 4.result in导致，结果是 5．in response to作为对……的回答/响应/反应 6.bring about引起 7．on behalf of代表 8.contribute to造成；促成；捐献 9．dozens of很多，许多 10.carry out执行；贯彻；完成 11．in effect有效，在实施中；实际上 12.make use of利用 单元语法 直接引语和间接引语 重点句型 1.There is little/no doubt that...句型 2．with 的复合结构 3．现在分词(短语)作状语，表示结果 [读图探新] Talk about the following questions in pairs and answer them. 1．How about the environment in your neibourhood in recent years? 　(Various)Good—clear_sky，green_hills，no_garbage...　 2．Please translate the following into English. 绿水青山就是金山银山 　Clear_waters_and_green_hills_are_as_valuable_as_mountains_of_gold_and_silver.　 3．Have you carried out the programme“Garbage Classification”？ 　(Various)　 4．What can we do to protect the environment? (Various)　Everyone_can_make_a_difference_to_the_environmental_protection—　 no use of plastic，classifying garbage，riding or walking to school... Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking(Ⅰ) CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. Global Surface Temperature：1920—2016 Base Period In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear According to the scientists all was “skin and bones”. An expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea­ice levels meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed Earth's ecology. Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “： the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man­made”greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact 　that_heat_from_the_sun_enters_the　 The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.However, the “man­made”greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.　burning_fossil_fuels　， more heat energy the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly. There is strong and comprehensive evidence 　has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，　not only but also Climate scientists have warned that this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves Continued greenhouse gas emissions will further warming and long­lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint”by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue So what will you do to help？ 气候变化需要全世界的关注 我们几十年前就知道气候变化了。几乎没有疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(见图表)。海洋和大气的变暖以及冰川的融化和海平面的上升证明全球气候发生了急剧变化。 全球地面气温：1920—2016基本周期 2013年，挪威北极地区的斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现了一只北极熊的尸体，这张新闻照片让很多人感到震惊。根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下“皮包骨头”了。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它尸体的位置看，这只北极熊似乎是饿死的。专家称，气候变化导致海冰面积减少，这就意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，所以为了能找到食物它不得不长途跋涉。这一令人震惊的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了怎样的影响。 那么是什么导致了全球平均地面温度的上升呢？气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。“自然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面温度升高。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，会储存一些热量，使地球气候保持温暖宜居。没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。然而，“人为”温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，进而导致地球表面温度迅速上升。 有充分且全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重的破坏，还使人类付出生命代价。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖的趋势可能会继续下去，并将付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻报道经常报道导致死亡和造成经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。 持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策，并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过减少由我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。那么你会提供什么帮助呢？ Ⅰ.Reading for main idea. 1．What is the main idea of the text? Climate change has caused 　great_bad_effects_on_the_planet　 and human beings 　should_pay_attention_to_them　. 2．Match the idea with each paragraph. Para.1　　　A．Case for the rising temperature Para.2 B．Measures to deal with global warming Para.3 C．Results of the rising temperature Para.4 D．Earth is getting warmer and warmer Para.5 E．Causes of global warming 答案：Paras.1—5　DAECB Ⅱ.Reading for details. 1．Which of the following is not a proof of a dramatic change in the global climate? A．A warming ocean and atmosphere. B．Melting ice. C．Rising sea levels. D．A large population. 2．The case of the polar bear shows that　________　. A．human activities affect the survival of polar bears B．food shortage becomes a major threat to creatures C．the increase in temperature has an effect on Earth's ecology D．the hunting behaviour of human leads to the sharp decrease of animals 3．What do you think of “greenhouse effect”？ A．It does harm to humans. B．It has good and bad sides. C．It benefits humans. D．Human beings should eliminate it. 4．According to the text, what harm can the rise in Earth's temperature cause? A．An increase in extreme weather and natural disasters. B．An increase in the number of difficult human diseases. C．Drawdown (下降) of groundwater levels. D．Global population growth. 5．In order to prevent the global temperature from rising, which of the following is NOT right? A．Governments should make policies and take appropriate actions. B．Individuals should change some of their lifestyles. C．We should educate everyone about global warming. D．We should consider moving away from Earth. 答案：1—5　DCBAD Ⅲ.Post­reading Fill in the blanks and try to recite the summary. There is no doubt 1.　that　 the earth is becoming warmer and there is strong evidence what causes the dramatic change in the global climate. A 2013 news photo of a 2.　dead　(die) polar bear showed that the polar bear seemed to have died of 3.　starvation　(starve). This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had 4.　an　 impact on Earth's ecology. The “greenhouse effect”is to blame. The “greenhouse effect”has two common meanings: the “natural”greenhouse effect 5.　and　 the “man­made”greenhouse effect. The process of “natural”greenhouse effect 6.　keeps　(keep) Earth's climate warm and habitable while the “man­made”greenhouse effect causes Earth's surface temperature 7.　to_rise　(rise)． As is well known, the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only 8.　causing　(cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives. 9.　To_reduce　(reduce) greenhouse gas emissions, governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures while we as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint”by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide 10.　our　(we) lifestyles produce. [预习自测] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Heavy snow has caused total 　chaos　(混乱)on the roads. 2．He bought some 　tropical　(热带的)fruits when he visited the South. 3．In its 　annual　(每年的)report，UNICEF says at least 40,000 children die every day. 4．Contrary to popular belief，　moderate　(适度的)exercise actually decreases your appetite. 5．The government promised to 　implement　(实施)a new system to control financial loan institutions. 6．My mother 　underwent　(经历)major surgery last year and has been recovering. 7．The law needs to be 　reformed　(改革)to adapt to social development. 8．We were given a 　basin　 (盆)of water to wash our hands in. 9．The company has adopted a firm 　policy　(政策)on shoplifting，which works well. 10．The interview was 　broadcast　(广播)on radio and television and the people all over the country have known about it. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The law was passed 　in_response_to　(对……做出反应)public pressure. 2．We cannot expect her to do the housework 　as_well_as　(也还)look after the children. 3．How to 　deal_with　(处理，对付)it if the situation happens to you or your girlfriend? 4．Rescue workers are digging through the ruins 　in_search_of　(搜寻……)other victims. 5．He expressed deep gratitude again 　on_behalf_of　(代表)the government. 6．　Climate_change　(气候变化)has brought many disasters to the world. 7．People 　were_shocked_by　(对……感到震惊)the news that more than 10 citizens were killed in the accident. 8．　According_to　(根据)to the report，China has won 9 gold medals in the Beijing Winter Olympics. 9．Climate change could 　have_an_impact_on　(对……有/产生影响)animal evolution(进化)． 10．Please 　refer_to　 (参考)this price list and give me your order. Ⅲ.语法填空 1．A written 　submission　 (submit)has to be prepared and turned in tomorrow. 2．Relations with our neighbours aren't very 　harmonious　(harmony)at the moment. 3．There is no 　restriction　(restrict)on the number of people who want to participate in the club. 4．Young people are very 　sensitive　(sense)about their appearance，which is normal. 5．The 　sustainable　(sustain)development of agriculture and agriculture operations are closely related. 6．This is a good thing because it keeps our planet 　habitable　 (habitat)． 7．Millions of people are threatened with 　starvation　(starve)as a result of drought and poor harvests. 8．The 　emission　(emit)of gases such as carbon dioxide should be stabilised (稳定)at their present level. 9．The floods have led to 　an　 increase in the produce(农产品)． 10．It is our 　responsibility　(responsible) to protect the environment. [素养提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 When the natural climate changes due to global warming, it can surely affect seals. The majority of them live in the Antarctic region so as the ice is melting, their natural habitat can be seriously affected. These changes don't take place overnight. They can be the result of many years of additional temperatures in the area. The seals then have to find ways to adapt. Seals depend on the cool air currents to bring plenty of food for them. When the temperatures get higher, there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink. Mothers aren't healthy enough to feed their babies. Many of them end up abandoned as the mothers have to leave to find their own source of food. The fact that their desire to produce young can be changed by the warmer temperatures is frightening too. It is also believed that the warmer temperatures can allow different diseases and viruses to attack the seals. This is a huge concern as they can rapidly wipe out huge numbers of seals out there. However, these changes in climate and temperature aren't all bad for other species of seals. Scientists have found that those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes. Research also shows that the females are moving further to find food and water. When they are out of the reach of the governing males, they are more willing to accept the moves of other males in the group. This is good news too because it means that there will be more selection in the gene pool (基因库)for future generations. It can help the seals as a species adapt to change in their natural environment more easily. The climate change problem for seals is directly linked to humans. When we take action to change what we let out into the environment, we will make positive changes for the seals.However, it is going to take a very long time to reverse (彻底改变)the effects of what has already been done. 1．What does the author regard climate changes for seals as? A．A double­edged sword. B．An unavoidable disaster for existence. C．A mirror of evolution. D．A requirement for more choices in the gene pool. 2．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．How global warming affects the seals. B．What seals feed their babies with. C．Why the seal population grows. D．Where the seals find their food. 3．What will happen to the seals in warmer climates? A．Their number will be on the increase. B．The female seals will be in the lead. C．Their genes will change a great deal. D．The females will keep away from the males. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The Importance of Protecting Seals B．Seals' Adaptation to Climate Change C．How Climate Change Affects Seals D．Why Are Seals Becoming Less and Less [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了气候变暖对南极地区海豹的影响。 1．A　[推理判断题。文章第一段至第三段介绍了气候变暖对南极地区海豹的负面影响，第四、五段介绍了气候变暖对其他海豹种类的正面影响。由此可知，在作者看来，气候变暖对海豹有利有弊，是把双刃剑。] 2．A　[根据第二段的第二句“When the temperatures get higher，there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink.”可知，本段主要介绍了温度上升对海豹的影响。] 3．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.”可知，生活在更温暖地区的海豹会因为天气变暖而繁殖更多的幼崽。换言之，它们的数量会增加。] 4．C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了气候变暖导致自然气候变化，进而影响南极地区海豹的生活，但也会使其更容易适应自然环境的变化，因此C项“气候变化如何影响海豹”可概括本文的主旨。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Icebergs are giant blocks of ice that float in the sea. 1__　Some are deep blue or green.Some look like floating sculptures.Old icebergs that have been worn down by the weather sometimes look like pillars of ice. 2__　Icebergs begin and end in the ocean. First, moisture from the ocean rises into the air and moves up into Earth's atmosphere. Over Antarctica, where air is cold, the water falls as snow. As layers of snow develop, their heavy weight presses down and turns the snow to ice in the polar climate. In fact, 90 percent of all the world's ice is on the continent of Antarctica. Huge areas of ice called ice sheets and glaciers move slowly across the continent toward the sea.　__3__　 When glaciers finally reach the coast, huge pieces split off into the ocean. These are icebergs. Scientists call the split­ting off of icebergs “calving (裂冰作用) ”．　__4__　One of the largest Antarctic icebergs is 185 miles long and 25 miles wide. Usually, only about one­fifth of an iceberg appears above the surface of the water. The other four­fifths of the “berg” is hidden underwater, out of sight. Sometimes, an iceberg has what is called a “foot”， an extension completely underwater.　__5__　It was an iceberg “foot” that sank the Titanic in 1912, killing 1,503 people. Every year, thousands of new icebergs are formed in the ocean around Antarctica. If you're lucky, you'll get to see one someday. A．How is an iceberg formed? B．They move very slowly in the ocean. C．These are especially dangerous for ships. D．Icebergs are a lot larger than a calf, though. E．They come in many shapes, sizes, and colors. F．The icebergs are melting because of global warming. G．The fastest­moving Antarctic glacier moves about 1.25 miles in a year. [语篇解读]　每年有成千上万冰山在南极周围的海洋出现。那么，这些冰山是如何形成的呢？ 1．E　[文章的第一句介绍了什么是冰山，空格后面介绍了冰山的颜色和形状等。由此可知，E项“它们有多种形状、大小和颜色”可引出下文。] 2．A　[根据下文“冰山在海洋中形成和消失”以及上文中的内容可知，本段主要介绍的是冰山的形成过程，所以A项是对本段的总结归纳。] 3．G　[根据上文中的“冰山缓慢地穿过大陆向大海移动”可知，G项“移动最快的南极冰山每年移动约1.25英里”可承接上文。] 4．D　[上文提到“裂冰作用”，下文提到“最大的冰山之一有185英里长，25英里宽”。由此可知，所填的是衔接上下文的句子，D项“不过冰山要比冰裂大得多”符合语境。] 5．C　[根据下文中的“1912年，正是冰山的‘脚’使得泰坦尼克号沉没……”可知，冰山水下的部分对船只来说非常危险，所以选C项。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $