UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦习惯养成主题，系统梳理重点单词（如tobacco, psychology, discipline）、短语（in response to, rely on, decide on）及核心句式（状语从句省略、make复合结构、形容词短语作定语），构建从词汇到句式的递进式学习支架，助力学生夯实语言基础。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，词汇精讲结合例句与即学即练提升应用能力，阅读理解与语法填空训练逻辑分析能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后便于学生自主复习查漏补缺，符合新课标学习能力要求，有效促进语言知识向语言技能转化。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ) [重点单词] 1．　tobacco　 n．烟草；烟叶 2．　alcohol　 n．酒；酒精 3．　psychology　 n．心理学；心理；心理影响 4．　cue　 n．提示，暗示；信号 vt.给(某人)暗示/提示 5．　negative　 adj.消极的；有害的；否定的 6．　pessimistic　 adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 7．　discipline　 n．自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚 8．　pill　 n．药丸；药片 9．　delete　 v．删去；删除 10．　physical　 adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→　physically　 adv.身体上→physics n．物理；物理学 11．　reward　 n．回报；奖励；报酬；vt.奖励，奖赏；给以报酬→rewarding adj.值得的，有报酬的 12．　facilitate　 vt.促进；促使；使便利→facilitation n．促进，便利；助长 13．　examine　 vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验→　examination　 n．考试，审查，检查→　examiner　 n．主考人；审查人 [重点短语] 1．　in　 response to回答；答复 2．rely 　on　依赖；依靠；信赖 3．straight 　away　立即，马上 4．decide 　on　决定，选定 5．prevent...　from　 doing...阻止……做…… 6．be based 　on　以……为依据 7．make a 　choice　作出选择 8．according 　to　根据，依据 9．give 　up　放弃，戒掉 10．begin 　with　始于，以……开始 [重点句式] 1．These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones... [句式精析]　if left unchecked为省略的状语从句。省略部分为they are。 试译：　如果这些坏习惯放任不管，可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。　 2．The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，... [句式精析]　makes us much more likely to continue...为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构。 试译：　这种奖励使我们更有可能继续……　 3．You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits! [句式精析]　full of good habits为形容词短语，在句中作定语，修饰life，相当于定语从句which is full of good habits。 试译：　你有能力养成良好的习惯，过一种快乐健康的生活！　 [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P14)These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.这些坏习惯，如果放任不管，长大后可能会导致更严重的后果。 lead to导致，造成(＝result in/contribute to)；通向，通往 ◆[佳句感知] Some people suspect that air pollution has led to this kind of disease. 有些人怀疑空气污染导致了这种疾病。 All roads lead to Rome.(谚)条条大路通罗马。 [归纳拓展]　lead sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事 lead sb.to some place 领某人到某地 lead/live a．..life过着……的生活 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Last week，his carelessness 　led_to/contributed_to/resulted_in　(导致)his failing the exam. [语法填空] ②War never settles anything.It only leads 　to　 violence. ③When he was young，his bad eating habits and lack of exercise 　led　(lead)to health problems. ④Her words led everyone 　to_think　(think)that he was a thief. 2．(教材14)For example，some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse... 例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒而不能自拔…… (1)become involved in卷入，陷入；参与；与……有关联(become可以用be/get代替) ◆[佳句感知] I don't want to become involved in the arguments about whose fault it is. 我不想卷入这是谁之过错的争论中。 [归纳拓展]　involve doing sth.包括/需要做某事 involve sb.in...使某人参与…… ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①His son 　became/was/got_involved_in　(参与)the case last month. ②There is a new problem 　involved　(involve)in the popularity of private cars. ③Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves 　spending　(spend)quite a lot of time with students. ④I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students 　in　 learning. (2)abuse n．& vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 ◆[佳句感知] The tutor shouldn't become a target of your abuse. 导师不应该成为你辱骂的对象。 He abused his power to help his son become qualified. 他滥用职权帮助儿子取得资格。 Little John's stepmother was unkind to him.Furthermore，she abused him. 小约翰的继母对他不好，而且虐待他。 [归纳拓展]　abuse of power滥用职权 alcohol/drug abuse酗酒/嗜毒 abuse sb.虐待某人 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①His political reputation was ruined by his 　abuse_of_power　(滥用职权)． ②To our sorrow，it was 　alcohol_abuse　(酗酒)that ruined his fitness and his life. ③Williams 　abused_his_position　(滥用职务) as mayor to give jobs to his friends. ④He was accused of 　abusing_his_wife　(虐待妻子)last week. 3．(教材P14)Secondly，there is a“routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue. 其次，形成“惯例”，即你根据暗示采取的有规律的行动。 in response to回答；答复 ◆[佳句感知] In response to the residents' great demand，the initi­ative will be launched in our community. 应广大居民的要求，我们将在社区内发起这一倡议。 [归纳拓展]　respond vi.回答，做出反应 respond to 回复，回答；对……做出回应/反应(＝make a response to) respond with a smile 报以微笑 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①These comments came 　in_respond_to　(答复)specific questions often asked by local newsmen. ②He 　made_no_response_to/didn't_respond_to　(没有回答)my question，and went on with his movie. ③He recalled that she never 　responded_to_his_letter　(给他回信)． [语法填空] ④The product was developed in response 　to　 customer demands. ⑤He responded my offer 　with　 a laugh. 4．(教材P14)Thirdly，there is the“reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. 第三，有“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的好东西或好感觉。 reward n．[C，U]回报；奖励；报酬　vt.奖励，奖赏；给以报酬 ◆[佳句感知] He received a medal in reward for his findings. 他因他的发现而获得一枚奖章。 The company rewarded the astronomer with a journey to China last year. 这家公司去年奖励这位天文学家一次中国之旅。 He gave his son a model telescope to reward him for behaving well. 他送给儿子一个望远镜模型，作为对他的良好表现的奖励。 [归纳拓展]　in reward (for)作为(对……的)回报 a reward for (doing)sth.因(做)某事而获得的奖励 give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人奖励 reward sb.with sth.用某物奖励某人 reward sb.for (doing)sth.因为(做)某事而奖励某人 rewarding adj.值得的，有报酬的 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will 　be_rewarded　(reward)with success in the end. ②The boss decided to give a reward to him 　for　 his positive attitude towards work. ③The girl rewarded him 　with　 a smile for his help. ④It is 　rewarding　(reward)to try new things. 5．(教材P15)．..the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. ……依赖不健康零食的坏习惯就形成了。 rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖＝(depend on/upon) ◆[佳句感知] We should rely on all the students to help the depressed student. 我们应依靠所有同学来帮助这个抑郁的学生。 You may rely on it that she can achieve her ambition. 你可以相信她能实现抱负。 [归纳拓展]　rely on sb./sth.to sth.依赖或信赖某人/某物做某事 rely on it that...相信……，指望……(＝depend on it that...) ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①You can 　rely_on/upon_me_to_keep　(相信我保守)your secret. [语法填空] ②It's not wise always to rely 　on/upon　 others' help. ③We should rely on 　it　 that everything will go well. ④Most working women rely on parents 　to_help　(help)look after their children. 6．(教材P15)For example，we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. 例如，我们可以试着用更积极的事情来代替消极的惯例。 replace...with...用……代替…… ◆[佳句感知] He replaced the original edition with an adaptation，which made the director angry. 他把原版换成了改编版，这让导演很生气。 [归纳拓展]　“代替”的其他表达： (1)动词短语：take the place of/take one's place (2)介词短语：instead of/in place of Above all，some new facilities will take the place of the old ones. 最重要的是，一些新的设备将代替旧的。 He has the competence to teach the children in place of his mother. 他有能力代替他母亲教孩子们。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should 　be_replaced_with　 (被……取代)a modern hotel or not. ②The factory 　replaced　 most of its workers 　with　(用……代替……)robots. ③It will be difficult to find a man to 　take_the_place_of　(代替)the present manager，who is highly thought of. ④There is something wrong with my bike，so I decide to use a new one 　in_place_of　(代替)it. 7．(教材P15)．..if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up. ……如果不能马上成功，我们经常会变得悲观并放弃。 straight away立即；马上 ◆[佳句感知] I phoned my mother straight away to ask about the recipe. 我马上打电话给我母亲询问配方。 [归纳拓展]　come/get straight to the point直奔主题/开门见山 go straight home直接回家 Go straight on！一直往前走！ earn/get straight A's得全优成绩 get sth.straight(口语)弄清楚某事 “立刻，马上”的其他表达： immediately/instantly/directly in no time at once right away/right now I'll come straight to the point regardless of your dissatisfaction. 不管你有什么不满意的地方，我都会直入主题。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Please go out of the house 　straight_away　(立刻)when a fire breaks out. ②I'll 　come_straight_to_the_point　(直奔主题)—your work isn't good enough. ③I felt very tired when I go home，and I 　went_straight_to_bed　(直接去睡觉了)． ④Please 　go_straight_along　(径直沿着……走)the street，and you'll find the front door of the park. ⑤Generally speaking，Lily 　earns/gets_straight_A's　(得全优成绩)in every exam. 8．(教材P15)．..you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. 你必须考虑一下你的坏习惯，然后做出改变的决定。 decide on决定，选定(＝decide upon) ◆[佳句感知] Finally，the mother decided on the intervention in her children's quarrel. 最后，母亲决定介入孩子们的争吵。 We have decided on a proper place for the household to live in. 我们已选定一个合适的地方让这家人住。 [归纳拓展]　“做出决定”的其他表达： decide/determine to do sth.决定做某事(动作) be determined to do sth.决定做某事(状态) make a decision做出决定 come to a/arrive at/reach a decision(反复考虑后)做出决定 make up one's mind做出决定；下定决心 If you.are determined to succeed，please grasp the opportunity offered by our company. 如果你决心要成功，请抓住我们公司提供的机会。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Since our country has so many good table tennis players，we have to 　decide_on/upon　 (选定)the best ones to take part in the game. ②He gave up the chance to go abroad and 　decided/determined_to_defend　(决定保卫)the borders of our country. ③The committee is due to 　make_a_decision/come_to_a_decision/arrive_at_a_decision/reach_a_decision　(做出决定)this week. [句式精析] 1．(教材P14)These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. 如果放任这些坏习惯不管，青少年成年后可能会面临更严重的问题。 ◆[句式分析] ◆[佳句感知] 状语从句的省略 ①当从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。when，while，as，if，unless，until，even if/even though，as if，once，though，although等引导的状语从句常用省略。 When (the water is)heated，the water will change into vapour. 水被加热时会变成蒸汽。 Even if (I am)invited，I won't go to his birthday party. 即使被邀请了，我也不去参加他的生日聚会。 ②当从句的主语是it，从句的谓语中又含有be动词时，可以把从句中的it和be动词一起省略。 If (it is)convenient for you，you can come to my house. 如果方便的话，你可以来我家。 Unless(it is)necessary，you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 除非有必要，否则你最好不要查字典。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①他匆忙离开房间，好像生气了。 He left the room hurriedly 　as_if/though_angry　. ②天气虽然冷，但他仍然只穿一件衬衣。 　Though/Although_cold　，he still wore a shirt. ③在上大学时我就认识了他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 　When_in/at_college　，I began to know him，a strange but able student. [语法填空] ④The workers carried out the order as 　told　(tell)． ⑤Though 　surprised　(surprise)to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. ⑥Every evening after dinner，if not 　tired　 (tire)from work，I will spend some time walking my dog. ⑦The doctor said if 　treated　(treat)properly，the boy was likely to be saved. ⑧Film has a much shorter history，especially when 　compared　(compare)to such art forms as music and painting. 2．(教材P15)The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. 这种奖励使我们更有可能继续这样的循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯也就养成了。 ◆[句式分析] ◆[佳句感知] “make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构 ①make复合结构的常见形式有： make＋宾语＋ We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他担任我们足球队队长。 Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师让我们感觉更自信了。 The news that the earthquake happened in Japan made us amazed. 日本发生地震的消息让我们震惊。 ②当宾语为不定式或从句时，常用it作形式宾语： make it＋n./adj.＋ The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 [温馨提示] “make sb.do sth.(使某人做某事)”这一结构若变成被动语态，后面的动词不定式要带上to，构成sb.be made to do sth.结构。 They made the workers work 10 hours a day.→The workers were made to work 10 hours a day by them.工人们每天被迫工作十小时。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①他的懒惰使他不可能取得成功。 His laziness 　made/makes_it_impossible　 for him to achieve success. ②这个男孩被要求每天学习三个小时。 The boy 　was/is_made_to_study　 three hours a day. ③什么东西使得草生长？ What 　makes_the_grass_grow　？ ④我们队获胜的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 The news that our team had won 　made_us_very_happy　. 3．(教材P15)You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits! 你有能力养成良好的习惯，过一种快乐健康的生活！ ◆[句式分析] ◆[佳句感知] 形容词(短语)作后置定语 ①形容词修饰由some­，any­，every­，no­构成的复合不定代词时，只能作后置定语。 He wanted to get someone reliable to help with the work. 他想找一个可靠的人来帮忙做这项工作。 Everything useful in the house was taken away by him by force.房子里但凡有用的东西都被他用武力夺去了。 ②形容词短语作定语必须放在所修饰的名词之后。 He is one of the leading members responsible for the work. 他是负责这项工作的领导人之一。 People brave enough to climb Mount Qomolangma deserve to succeed.敢于攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人应该获得成功。 ③形容词与表示数量或程度的短语连用时，须放在此类短语的后面。这类形容词有：deep，long，wide，tall，short，high，thick，thin等。 Please fetch me a rope ten metres long.请给我拿一条10米长的绳子。 They are cleaning a building 40 storeys high.他们正在清洗一栋40层高的大楼。 ④一些特定意义的形容词作定语时， 常放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。这类词有：present，absent，proper，concerned，involved等。 We believe the time and hard work involved in completing such an important project are worthwhile. 我们相信完成如此重要的项目所花费的时间和努力是值得的。 ⑤某些以a­开头的形容词，常用来作定语、表语，在作定语时要后置。这类形容词主要有asleep，afraid，alive，awake，aged等。 He was the only person alive at that moment. 他是那时唯一活着的人。 I was only a boy aged ten at that time. 当时，我只是个十岁的男孩。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①她的声音有些反常。 There is 　something_unusual　 in her voice. ②那女孩嫁给了一个贪财的人。 The girl is married to 　a_man_greedy_for_money　. ③那是一条100米宽的河。 That is a river 　100_metres_wide　. ④有一个孩子在床上睡觉。 There was 　a_child_asleep/sleeping　 in the bed. ⑤所有出席的人都在会议上讲了话。 　All_the_people_present　 spoke at the meeting. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Those who love animals hold the view that animal 　abuse　 (虐待)needs to be taken seriously. 2．Our brains 　facilitate　(促使)decision­making by stopping us focusing too much on unimportant past details. 3．If your child 　dominates　(支配)children of his own age，try to arrange for him to play with older children. 4．The aircraft flew over the island 　repeatedly　(反复地)，and no sign of life has been seen. 5．Japanese workers are generally highly 　physical　(悲观的)about their futures in their current companies. 6．The actors not performing sit at the side of the stage in full view，waiting for their 　cues　(提示)． 7．Staying up late makes him at his worst in terms of 　physical　 situation，so he's decided to work out. 8．Have you ever been faced with trying to stay positive when others around you are 　negative　？ 9．Everyone who will attend the meeting should keep 　discipline　 and no one is exception including you. 10．The doctor took out a bottle，put two 　pills　 into the farmer's hand and asked him to swallow them. Ⅱ.选词填空 decide on，in response to，straight away，rely on，prevent from，become involved in，make a choice，replace...with 1．Women in that country are forced to 　make_a_choice　 between family and career. 2．When the bell rang，the children were required to hand in their examination papers 　straight_away　. 3．No one can say which brand will feel best on your feet，so you have to 　rely_on　 the feel of each pair. 4．Early in your project，you should first 　decide_on　 which type of material to use. 5．It is not a good idea to miss meals and 　replace　 them 　with　 snacks. 6．Students，who 　become_involved_in　 school activities，are usually productive. 7．　In_response_to　 the novel coronavirus pneumonia，all large gatherings have been cancelled. 8．They were 　prevented_from　 going to large gatherings during the period of COVID­19. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．Their lack of exercise led 　to　 overweight. 2．No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get 　involved　(involve) in various activities on Earth Day. 3．It prevents people who are cut off from society 　falling　(fall) victim to cheaters. 4．Food webs may 　be_dominated　(dominate)by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. 5．Not everyone acts the same in 　response　(respond) to events, and that is why what triggers (触发)one person may or may not trigger another. 6．If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded 　with　 seven drops of water or juice. 7．Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing(哄) the animal to him. Nervousness and fear 　were_replaced　(replace) with joy. 8．Instead of getting down to a new task as I had expected, he 　examined　(examine) the previous work again. 9．Decide 　on　 a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure. 10．It's too noisy to read in the railway station. I would usually look around the shops while 　waiting　(wait) for the train. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In a national survey, just 1 in 3 students thought that smoking on some days, but not others, can cause a lot of harm. This smoking pattern is common. It is also dangerous. In fact, its health risks are about the same as smoking heavily，report Stephen Amrock and Michael Weitzman. Their new study's findings show that most kids do not see risks in smoking the occasional cigarette. For their study, Amrock and Weitzman analyzed data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey. It had probed (探究) tobacco­related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in 24,658 students. All were in grades 6 through 12 and lived throughout the 50 U. S. states and the district of Columbia. Most teens knew that heavy smoking can be harmful.About 2 in every 3 students recognized that smoking even just a few cigarettes each day can be harmful. Only 1 in 3 students，however, recognized that occasional—non­daily—smoking is harmful. Among teens who smoke this way—　intermittently　—just 1 out of every 7 understood their habit was dangerous. Occasional smoking is not safe, so “we really need to have a conversation”with whoever thinks otherwise, notes Dave Dobbins. He heads research and public education at Legacy, a group based in Washington, D. C. It encourages teens to reject tobacco. “Intermittent smoking carries lots of risks，”Dobbins explains. These include the chance that light use will progress to heavier smoking. “We explain to kids that light smoking is smoking，”says Dobbins, who was not connected with the study. And, he adds, his group points out that “the dangers begin right away”． “Adults who are light or intermittent smokers are those most willing and able to quit，”Amrock and Weitzman note.Most smokers start by age 18. That's why the NYU School of Medicine researchers suggest anti­smoking efforts should target youth who today are light or occasional smokers. 1．What's the text mainly about? A．Occasional smoking. B．Health and smoking. C．The number of smokers. D．Anti­smoking efforts. 2．Where can you find the data showing students' views on different smoking patterns? A．In Paragraph 1.　　B．In Paragraph 3. C．In Paragraph 2. D．In Paragraph 4. 3．What's the meaning of the underlined “intermittently”in Paragraph 3? A．Heavily. B．Continuously. C．Occasionally. D．Purposefully. 4．Which of the following does Dave Dobbins agree with? A．Dangers of kids' light smoking appear in no time. B．Light smoking is sure to result in heavy smoking. C．Most teens have realized the risks of light smoking. D．Light smokers are likely to quit smoking naturally. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。研究证明，轻度或偶尔吸烟对青少年的健康也是有危害的，研究者呼吁要多关注这些人。 1．A　[主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，在一项全国性的调查中，只有三分之一的学生认为偶尔吸烟会造成很大的危害。这种吸烟方式很常见，但是也很危险。事实上，偶尔吸烟所带来的健康风险与大量吸烟所带来的健康风险差不多。接下来文章对此展开了讲述，所以文章主要讲的是偶尔吸烟。故选A项。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“About 2 in every 3 students recognized that smoking even just a few cigarettes each day can be harmful.Only 1 in 3 students，however，recognized that occasional—non­daily—smoking is harmful.”可知，大约三分之二的学生认识到每天即使只吸几支烟也是有害的。然而，只有三分之一的学生认识到偶尔——非每日——吸烟是有害健康的。所以在第三段中可以找到显示学生对不同吸烟模式看法的数据。故选B项。] 3．C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Only 1 in 3 students，however，recognized that occasional—non­daily—smoking is harmful.”可知，只有三分之一的学生认识到偶尔——非每日——吸烟是有害健康的。划线单词是对this way的解释，this way指代的是上一句中的“occasional—non­daily—smoking”。由此可知划线单词的意思是“偶尔地”。故选C项。] 4．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘We explain to kids that light smoking is smoking，’says Dobbins，who was not connected with the study.And，he adds，his group points out that‘the dangers begin right away’．”“‘我们向孩子们解释，轻度吸烟也是吸烟’，多宾斯说，他没有参与这项研究。并且，他补充道，他的团队指出‘(轻度吸烟的)危害很快会显现’”可知，戴夫·多宾斯同意儿童轻度吸烟的危害很快就会显现的观点。故选A项。] B In 2012, an iPhone fell into my hands. This smart technology seemed like the entrance to only fun and positive things like chatting with friends and blogging. However, seven years later, I had become horribly limited to it. Recent reports show that 　I'm_not_alone.　 According to a study, the average American spends five hours a day on smart devices and about 2.5 of those hours are spent on social, messaging, media and entertainment apps. It's hard to explain when the love and joy I felt for my iPhone turned into a dependency. I fell asleep to my phone every night and woke to it each morning.I checked the weather app every morning before I chose how to dress for the day. I used it to help me find my way through a city I should know well enough on my own. I updated my email box every time I picked my phone up. Just like with any addiction, my phone dependency began to influence my life. While spending time with family, I'd stare into a small screen on my lap instead of being involved in communicating with my loved ones. At work, my productivity levels dropped.And then, my four­year relationship came to an end. Eventually, I was left with years of memories and a mobile phone that couldn't provide enjoyable company across a dinner table, share in the joys of experiencing a concert or kiss me goodnight before bed. Now, I move through life with more purpose and intention. I've cut back on carelessly giving away my limited time and attention to my phone. Instead, I focus my efforts on being as present as possible. Truly training the mind to stay present is a long and challenging road, but it's important to start somewhere. I hope you'll take a deep look at your own phone habits and reevaluate how important a role you are letting it play in your life. Whether or not you've reached a place in your life where your screen time feels problematic, there's no harm in mindfully giving your current practices some thought. 5．What does the author mean by saying I'm not alone underlined in Paragraph 2? A．He takes his iPhone for company. B．He has many friends around him. C．There're many Americans like him. D．Blogging brings him great pleasure. 6．According to Paragraph 3, the author　________　. A．was quite confused about some apps B．became hopelessly addicted to his iPhone C．was afraid of spending more time on his iPhone D．never dressed himself by checking the weather app 7．What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on? A．Why the author's productivity levels dropped. B．Why the author finally had phone dependency. C．How the author bravely corrected his mistakes. D．How the author's life was negatively affected. 8．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A．Persuade people to live a no­phone life. B．Advise people to use their phones reasonably. C．Inspire people to consider their roles in life again. D．Urge people to devote their spare time to screens. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章叙述了作者如何对智能手机上瘾，智能手机如何影响了自己的生活，以及作者现在戒掉手机瘾并过上正常生活的经历。告诫读者重新审视一下自己使用手机的习惯，重新评估一下它在生活中扮演的角色。 5．C　[词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“According to a study...”可知，根据一项研究，美国人平均每天花5个小时在智能设备上，其中大约2.5个小时花在社交、信息、媒体和娱乐应用程序上。由此判断出画线部分“我不是一个人”的意思是有很多像他一样的美国人。故选C项。] 6．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It's hard to explain when the love and joy I felt for my iPhone turned into a dependency.”可知，作者对手机产生了依赖，在后面的句子中详细地从睡眠、天气、导航、更新电子邮箱等方面说明作者无助地深陷智能手机之中。所以根据第三段可知，作者对他的iPhone上瘾了。故选B项。] 7．D　[主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知，和家人在一起的时候，“我”会盯着手机屏幕看，却不和“我”所爱的人交流。在工作中，“我”的工作效率在下降。然后，四年的恋爱关系宣告结束。所以第四段主要讲述作者的生活受到了怎样的负面影响。故选D项。] 8．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I hope you'll take a deep look at your own phone habits and reevaluate how important a role you are letting it play in your life.(我希望你仔细审视一下自己使用手机的习惯，重新评估一下它在你的生活中扮演的角色)”可以判断出，作者在最后一段中建议人们合理使用手机。故选B项。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Four simple ways to stay positive Trying to stay positive, both in good times and bad times, is a great way to improve your quality of life. Try these four methods on a daily basis. Don't think a lot about negativity. Of course, staying positive 24 hours a day，seven days a week is a bit difficult. Letting things get to you is normal. In fact, it's just healthy to cry or express frustrations once in a while. It's when those negative moments control your life that your emotional balance is at risk.　__1__　However, don't give that sadness another second in your day. 2__　 According to psychology, what you put into your body directly affects how you feel on the outside. Fill yourself with good, healthy foods like nuts, fruit and vegetables and limit snacking. Exercise is equally of great importance. Take a few days out of your week for at least half an hour of activity, and try to stick to a routine.　__3__　 Be kind to others. 4__　Making someone's day a bit brighter not only puts a smile on his or her face, but also yours as well. Remember to smile and treat each person with respect. Good deeds are contagious (有感染力的)，and your positive attitude may spread among others. Take it one day at a time. Being positive and keeping away from feeling pessimistic isn't an easy thing. It's a steady effort that we follow every hour of every day.　__5__　Instead，focus on living in the moment and doing what you can to make each moment better. A．Eat healthily and stay fit. B．Take your lunch breaks outside. C．Don't worry about what the future may bring. D．Take a few minutes to feel sad and accept what happened. E．Good feelings come from acts of kindness and selflessness. F．Gratefulness helps you appreciate life in bad times. G．Even going outside for a walk and enjoying the sunshine improves your mood. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了四个简单的帮助人们保持积极心态的方法。 1．D　[根据后句中的However以及that sadness可以推断空格处介绍的是负面情绪的危害，而且和sadness有关，纵观选项可知D选项中的sad与此对应，而且内容符合语境。] 2．A　[本空位于段落小标题的位置，根据其他几个段落标题的句式判断该处应该填祈使句，而本段主要介绍的是健康饮食和保持健康对积极情绪的影响，故A项内容可以概括本段。] 3．G　[前句提到每周锻炼几次，每次至少半个小时，G项“甚至户外散步以及享受阳光都会改善你的情绪。”可以承接上文。] 4．E　[本段的建议是要对他人友好，而空后提到让某人的一天变得更美好不仅能让他或她的脸上露出笑容，也能让你的脸上露出笑容，所以判断E项“好情绪来源于善良、无私的行为。”符合上下文语境。其中kindness和小标题中的kind呼应。] 5．C　[根据空后的Instead可以判断设空处内容和后句构成转折，故判断C项“不要担心将来可能会带来什么。”符合语境。] Ⅲ.语法填空 (2022·河北唐山遵化高二上期中) When someone has　__1__　(deep) hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly　__2__　(benefit) to your physical and mental health. So far，studies　__3__　 (show) that people who forgive others can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show　__4__　(little) anger and more hopefulness，”says Dr. Frederic Luskin，who wrote the book Forgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people 　__5__　 (feel) more energetic.” So when someone has hurt you, cool down first.Take a couple of breaths and think of something　__6__　gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don't wait for an　__7__　(apologize), which will be disturbing. “Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing，”says Dr. Luskin. “They may have wanted to hurt you　__8__　they just don't see things in the same way. So if you wait for people to say sorry，you could be waiting for a very long time.” Next, keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean　__9__　(accept) the action of the person who upsets you. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you, which can lead to positive psychology. Finally, try to see things 　__10__　the other person's point of view. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。宽恕他人能够给自己的身心带来意想不到的益处。本文主要阐释了宽恕他人的原因以及如何宽恕他人。 1．deeply　[考查副词。句意：当有人深深地伤害了你，摆脱你的愤怒可能是很难的。修饰过去分词hurt应该用副词形式。故填deeply。] 2．beneficial　[考查形容词。句意：但宽恕是可能的，它能够给你的身心健康带来令人惊讶的好处。系动词be后面应该用形容词作表语，而且由副词surprisingly也可以推断填形容词作表语。故填beneficial。] 3．have shown　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，研究表明宽恕他人的人会有更多的精力、更好的胃口和更好的睡眠。根据时间状语So far可知，应该用现在完成时，而且主语studies是复数名词。故填have shown。] 4．less　[考查形容词比较级。并列连词and连接并列成分，根据空后的more可知，空格处应该用little的比较级less。] 5．to feel　[考查不定式。此处指所以它可以帮助减少免疫系统的疲劳，让人们感觉更有活力。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。] 6．that　[考查定语从句。此处指吸几口气并且想一想给你快乐的事。设空处引导定语从句，定语从句中缺少主语，而且先行词是不定代词something，所以填关系代词that。] 7．apology　[考查名词。介词for后面接名词作宾语，根据空前的不定冠词an可知应填单数可数名词。故填apology。] 8．or　[考查连词。此处指他们可能是想伤害你或者他们只是看待事物的方式不同。根据语境判断此处表示选择关系。故填or。] 9．accepting　[考查动名词。句意：接下来请记住，宽恕并不一定意味着接受那个让你心烦的人的行为。根据句意可知，此处mean指“意味着”，后面应该用动名词作宾语。] 10．from　[考查介词。句意：最后，试着从别人的角度看问题。根据句意可知填from。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $