UNIT 11 SECTION Ⅱ LESSON 1 LIVING IN A COMMUNITY-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

本讲义围绕“社区生活”主题，以两篇邻里冲突新闻语篇为载体，系统梳理核心词汇（如pack, vote, cease等）、拓展词汇（如complaint→complain）及关键句型（双重否定句、while让步状语从句等），构建“语篇输入-词汇拓展-句型解析-练习巩固”的学习支架。 资料以真实生活情境语篇为依托，通过分析邻里冲突培养学生语言能力（词汇运用、句型表达）和思维品质（问题分析与解决）。课中助力教师引导学生理解社区相处之道，课后通过分层练习帮助学生巩固词汇句型，查漏补缺，提升跨文化社区交流意识。

SECTION Ⅱ　LESSON 1　LIVING IN A COMMUNITY [教材原文] Drummer Hits the Road Ma Ming, drummer for the rock band “Storm”，had to pack his bags.He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace. Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night.Ma Ming's neighbours said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.The flat­owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer，he wouldn't have rented the flat to him.The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in.And from then on，they rarely got a full night's sleep.They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his teenage son.In the end, the community council took action.“We took a vote，and came to resolution.We gave Ma Ming a warning.We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property，”a council member said.“Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and，after such a chorus of complaints，we had to take action.” Ma Ming's departure has pleased his neighbours.“Life will go back to normal now，” they said. For Ma Ming's version of the story，we found him in a hotel in Shanghai.Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him.He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”．Otherwise he didn't really mind having to leave the flat.“Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don't have to do my own washing！Anyhow，I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.” Grandpa Arrested After One Shower Too Many Eighty­year­old retired tailor，James McKay，spent Saturday night in a cell after hitting 30­year­old Keith Smith over the head with his walking stick.McKay's wife，Laurene said that，while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person，he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often.He could no longer tolerate it. Smith lives above the McKays.He is a keen gardener，and also a fish collector.Unfortunately，the water he sent over his balcony every day ended up on the McKays' floor，or too often，on the unsuspecting McKays themselves. “For the last two weeks，since Smith moved into the flat above us，we dared not go onto our balcony.” said Laurene.She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them，but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.“We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on！We could hardly get rid of the smell of fish！” And on Saturday evening it was just too much.“It was James' birthday，” Laurene recalled，“and it was such a beautiful night to enjoy the starry night outside.I made him a birthday cake.The candles were a great sight as you can imagine，but James didn't get to blow them out.”Instead，Smith emptied one of his larger tanks over his balcony and both the McKays and the cake were wet through.“I have never seen him move so fast and I couldn't stop him.He was up there in a flash.” Smith is not going to take things further with the police.He has also promised to change his ways from now on.And what of James McKay？As he left the police station，a large crowd of supporters sang him “Happy Birthday”．“Definitely the most exciting birthday ever！”said the cheerful old man.“The best since my youth，I'd say！” [汉语译文] 鼓手(drummer)走人 摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不收拾(pack)行李，搬出租用的公寓，因为邻居们投诉(complaint)他扰乱社区的宁静。 马明是个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓(drum)到深夜。邻居们说他们都快被这样的噪声逼疯了。房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。马明一搬进来，邻居们就意识到麻烦来了。从那以后，他们很少能安安稳稳地睡一整晚。如果不堵住(plug)耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。有个邻居还说，马明对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。 最后，居委会采取了行动。一位居委会成员说：“我们投票(vote)表决，达成了一项决议(resolution)。警告(warning)马明，告诉他应该停止(cease)打鼓，否则就搬走(property房产；所有物；财产)。充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，收到这样的集体(chorus齐声；副歌；合唱团)投诉，我们不得不采取行动。” 马明离开(departure)了，邻居都很高兴。“生活终于要恢复正常了，”他们说。 我们在上海的一家酒店里找到了马明，想听听他对这个事件的看法。马明觉得邻居对自己有偏见(prejudiced)，认为他的音乐是“噪声”，这是他的伤心(bitter)之处。 不过他并不介意离开公寓。“住在酒店里就意味着每天都有服务员整理床铺，我也不必自己洗衣服！不过(anyhow)，我现在正在城郊(edge边缘，外围)找位置稍微偏僻(remote)一点的房子。” 洗了“大澡”而被捕(arrest)的爷爷 80岁的退休裁缝(tailor)詹姆斯·迈奇，周六的晚上是在监狱里度过的，因为用拐杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头。迈奇的妻子劳瑞恩说，他平时是个平和、愉悦的(pleasant)人，是因为再三(literally确实地)被淋湿，才会做出这种暴力(violence)的行为，他实在是忍(tolerate)无可忍了。 史密斯住在迈奇家楼上，他热爱(keen)园艺，喜欢养鱼。但不幸的是，他每天在阳台(balcony)上浇的水最后都落到迈奇家的地板上，也经常洒在毫无防备的(unsuspecting)迈奇夫妇身上。 劳瑞恩说：“过去两周，自从史密斯搬到楼上，我们都不敢去阳台了。”她还说，困扰(bother)他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸(tank)的方式。“我们本来高兴地坐在阳台读报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！满身的鱼腥味，怎么也洗不掉！” 这周六晚上实在是忍无可忍了。劳瑞恩回忆(recall)道：“那天是詹姆斯的生日，是个特别美丽的夜晚，可以坐在外面享受夜晚的星空。我给他做了个生日蛋糕，你可以想象点上蜡烛有多么漂亮，可詹姆斯却没能把蜡烛吹灭。”相反，史密斯从阳台上倒掉他的一个大鱼缸的水，将迈奇夫妇和蛋糕都浇透了。“我从没见过他动作那么快，根本没办法阻止，他一下子就冲到楼上去了。” 史密斯不会让警方进一步追究这件事。他还承诺从现在开始改变他的习惯。而詹姆斯·迈奇呢？他离开警察局时，一大群支持者为他唱起了《生日快乐》歌。“这绝对是最激动人心的一次生日啦！”老人快乐地说道。“我得说，这是自打年轻以来最棒的一次生日！” ●基础单词 1．　pack　 vi.& vt.打包 n. 包，包裹 2．　tank　 n．箱，罐 3．　plug　 vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞 4．　vote　 n．投票；票数 5．　cease　 vt.&vi.停止，终止，结束 6．　property　 n．房产；所有物；财产 7．　anyhow　 adv. (非正式)尽管如此，至少 8．　edge　 n. 边缘，外围 9．　unsuspecting　 adj. 无提防之心的，无疑心的 10．　arrest　 vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制 11．　literally　 adv.确实地 12．　bother　 vt. & vi. (使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 13．　recall　 vi.&vt.回想，回忆起 ●拓展单词 1．　complaint　 n．投诉→　complain　 vi.&vt.抱怨 2．　resolution 　 n. 决定；解决→　resolve　 vt.&vi. 决定，决心 3．　warn　 v. 提醒，警告，告诫→　warning 　 n. 警告，警示；告诫 4．　depart　 vi. 离开，出发；离职→　 departure　 n. 离开，启程；离职 5．　prejudice　 n. 偏见→　prejudiced　 adj. 有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的 6．　bitter　 adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，苦的→　bitterly 　 adv. 伤心地，愤怒地；极其，非常 7．　remote　 adj.偏僻的，偏远的→　remotely　 adv. 遥远地，偏僻地 1．　drive sb. mad　　　　　　　　 使某人发疯 2．　from then on　 从那时开始 3．　in trouble　 处于困境 4．　take action　 采取行动 5．　think of ...as　 把……视为/看作 6．　have an influence/effect on　 对……有影响 7．　in a flash　 转瞬，一瞬间 8．　be exposed to　 暴露于 9．　get rid of　 改掉；处理 1．They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears. 他们要是不堵耳朵就不能放松或看书。 双重否定句　否定词＋without 2．McKay's wife，Laurene said that，while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person，he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often. 麦凯的妻子劳伦娜告诉我们，麦凯通常是一个很平和的人，他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。 while引导的让步状语从句 3．We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on! 我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透！ Was/Were/Would be doing....when....句型，“正在做某事这时……”。 Ⅰ.Scan the text and answer the following questions. 1．What's the main idea of the text? The text is mainly about a 　conflict　 between two neighbors. 2．Match the main idea with each paragraph according to the first report. A．The writers went to have an interview with Ma Ming. B．The local council gave Ma Ming a warning. C．Ma Ming's neighbours were in trouble being exposed to the drum noise. D．Ma Ming has left his apartment because of his drumming. Para.1 　D　　Para.2 　C　　Para.3 　B　　Para.4 　A　　 Ⅱ.Read the texts and finish the following exercises. 1．What does the passage want to tell us? A．We should not play drums at night. B．Any conflict can be handled in peace. C．A harmonious atmosphere is very necessary for living in a community. D．Too many showers do harm to our health. 2．Why were Ma Ming's neighbours mad? A．Because they got a strange illness. B．Because they were exposed to too much noise and couldn't sleep. C．Because Ma Ming often fought against them. D．Because Ma Ming often came back late at night. 3．Why were the McKays bored with the way Smith cleaned his fish tanks? A．Because they brought out much noise. B．Because it was difficult to get rid of the smell of fish and so much water would come from above. C．Because the McKays were holding a birthday party. D．Because the McKays often got a shower for it. 4．According to the passage, which one is right? A．Ma Ming is a bachelor，and often entertains himself by playing drums. B．Keith Smith likes fishing very much. C．Ma Ming regretted disturbing his neighbours after the complaints. D．Though James Mckay jailed，he was happy for his birthday. 5．What was the result of James' conflict with his neighbour? A．His neighbour was arrested. B．His neighbour took many requests. C．He got much support from other neighbours. D．He lost the friendship. 答案　1－5　CBBDC 1．pack v. 打包，收拾(行李)；装(箱)；塞，挤n.包，包裹；群，帮 (1)pack up将(东西)装箱打包；收拾行李 pack away(用后)收拾好…… pack into塞进；挤进 (2)a pack of 一包/一帮/一群…… in packs 以群的方式，一群一群地 ◆[经典佳句] Let's pack up and spend a week in the countryside. 咱们收拾好东西到乡下去过一个星期吧。 It's going to rain；we'd better pack away our things and go indoors. 要下雨了，我们最好把东西装起来进屋里去。 A crowd packed into the cinema on a wet day. 一群人在雨天挤进了电影院。 He has faced a pack of troubles since the end of the war. 自战争结束以来，他已遇到一大堆麻烦。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①When I was 9，we packed 　up　 our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow，London on a gray January morning. ②I will try to find that old book，but it's been packed 　away　 for years. ③The people 　were packed　(pack) into an already overcrowded bus. ④The young man smoked 　a　 pack of cigarettes a day. ⑤She packed all her clothes and other daily necessities 　into　 a suitcase，ready to leave the home forever. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑥He thus avoided 　a pack of journalists　(一群记者)eager to question him. ⑦I heard that her husband 　had packed up his things　(已经收拾好他的东西)and moved out. 2．vote n. 投票(指行为)；票数；表决 v. 投票，表决 (1)have/take a vote on ... 投票表决…… put ...to a vote 对……进行投票表决 (2)vote on 投票表决 vote for 投票支持 vote against 投票反对 vote to do sth. 表决做某事 ◆[经典佳句] As we can't agree on this matter，let's vote on/have a vote on it. 对于这个问题我们无法达成一致意见，投票表决吧。 Whether you vote for or against the plan doesn't seem to matter very much. 你是赞成还是反对这项计划看上去似乎不重要。 Our family voted to turn to the lawyer for help. 我们家人表决同意向律师求助。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①People voted 　against　 Henry who often tells lies. ②Vote 　for　 the man you can trust. ③They will vote 　on　 policy issues. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④　Let's vote to determine　 who will be monitor of our class. 让我们来投票确定谁做我们班的班长吧。 ⑤We are going to 　vote on/have a vote on the plan　. 我们打算就这一提案进行表决。 3．warning n．警告，警示；告诫；预兆 (1)give warning of...就……发出警告/预兆 without warning 毫无征兆 take warning有所警惕；引以为戒 (2)warn vt.提醒；警告 warn sb.of/about sth.提醒/警告某人某事 warn sb.(not) to do sth. 提醒/警告某人(不要)做某事 warn sb.against(doing)sth. 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb. that...提醒某人…… ◆[经典佳句] The black clouds gave warning of an approaching storm. 乌云是暴风雨将要来临的前兆。 They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone. 他们警告他说独自航行危险重重。 He warned Billy to keep away from his daughter. 他警告比利离他女儿远点儿。 They warned him against swimming in the river. 他们告诫他不要在河里游泳。 I warned them that there might be snakes in the woods. 我提醒他们树林里可能有蛇。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Doctors issued a 　warning　(warn)against eating any fish caught in the river. ②The town's people have been warned 　of　 a possible earthquake. ③I've been warned 　against　 that company，so I'll take a job somewhere else. ④We 　were warned　(warn)to wear long pants and take sweaters for our climb. ⑤We warned him not 　to go　 (go) skating on such thin ice. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑥You should 　take warning　(引以为戒)from his example. 4．cease vi. & vt.停止，终止，结束；n.停息，停止 (1)cease doing sth.停止做某事 cease to do sth.停止去做某事 cease from(doing) sth.停止(做)某事 (2)without cease不停地 ◆[经典佳句] On account of snow，the bus ceased running at eight. 由于下雪，公共汽车8点停止行驶。 I think and think and cannot cease from thinking. 我想了又想，一直想个没完。 We worked without cease to get the project finished on time. 我们不停地工作以便按时完成计划。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①The bus has ceased 　to run　(run) since last month. ②The noise of the construction work went on for days 　without　 cease. ③They were often advised to cease 　from　 cheating their parents. ④You should cease 　worrying　 (worry)about things that are beyond the power of our will. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤When he heard the knock.he 　ceased writing　(停止书写)． ⑥When can the people 　cease from their hard work　(停止辛苦劳作)? 5．prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的 (1)be prejudiced against 对……有偏见 (2)prejudice n．偏见vt.使怀有(式，形成)偏见，损害 have a prejudice against 对……有偏见 (3)prejudice sb. (against sb./sth.) 使某人(对某人/某物)有偏见 ◆[经典佳句] There is a widespread prejudice against workers over 60. 对年龄超过60岁的工人有普遍的偏见。 He has a strong prejudice against modern poetry. 他对现代诗存有强烈的偏见。 His manner prejudiced his audience against him. 他的举止使听众对他产生了反感。 I know he is prejudiced and narrow. 我知道他有偏见，心胸狭窄。 She cannot understand why they are so prejudiced against her. 她不明白他们为什么对她抱有这么深的偏见。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Since I am his mother，my opinion of him is naturally a 　prejudiced　(prejudice)one. ②It seems that people are rather 　more prejudiced　(prejudiced) than they think they are. ③Early in my life，I was prejudiced 　against　 living in the country by some unfortunate experiences with farm animals. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④They accused him of 　having a prejudice against　(对……有偏见)his women employees. 6．anyhow adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少；无论如何，不管怎样；随便地，杂乱无章地 (1)anyhow＝anyway尽管如此，即使这样 (2)somehow adv.以某种方式；用某种方法；不知怎么地 ◆[经典佳句] He told me not to buy the cat，but I bought it anyhow. 他告诉我不要买这只猫，但不管怎样，我还是买了。 The answer is wrong anyhow you look at it. 不管从哪个角度看，这个答案都是错误的。 I was in such a hurry that I put my clothes on anyhow. 我很匆忙，所以随便地把衣服穿上了。 I hope I can repay you somehow for your kindness. 我希望我能以某种方式报答您的好意。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 写出句中anyhow的含义 ①Her clothes were thrown down just anyhow.　随便地　 ②It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.　无论如何　 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 选词填空：anyhow/anyway/somehow ③　Anyway/Anyhow　，he must have eaten a lot because now he is fat. ④He could have finished it on schedule，but 　somehow　 he fell behind. ⑤Some of her books were piled up just 　anyhow　. 7．arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止；吸引；n．逮捕；拘留 arrest sb.for(doing) sth. 因为(做)某事逮捕某人 get arrested 被捕 arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 place/put sb.under arrest 逮捕某人 ◆[经典佳句] He was arrested for faking some famous paintings. 他由于伪造名画而被逮捕。 The thief got arrested when he went to the airport with this suitcase. 当小偷带着这个手提箱去机场时被逮捕了。 The bright colours of the flowers arrested the girl's attention. 花的艳丽色彩引起了那个女孩的注意。 The new drug arrested the spread of the disease. 这种新药阻止了疾病的蔓延。 The detectives approached the man and placed him under arrest. 侦探们走近那个人并将他逮捕。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①He was arrested 　for　 his dangerous driving crime. ②The criminals were put 　under　 arrest and now they are being questioned. ③They deserved to get 　arrested　(arrest)，considering the crimes they committed. ④Now the situation is in the command of the police.The criminal will soon 　be arrested　(arrest)． ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 写出句中arrest的词性及含义 ⑤He didn't have any time to react before cops broke in and placed him under arrest.　名词，逮捕　 ⑥As I looked through the book，several printing mistakes arrested my sight.　动词，吸引　 ⑦Poor food arrests the natural growth of children.　动词，抑制　 8．tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍；宽容；容许 (1)tolerate sth.经受得住，受得了 tolerate doing sth.容许做某事 (2)tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的 be tolerant of对……容忍/宽容 (3)tolerance n．容忍；宽容；忍耐力 ◆[经典佳句] Few plants will tolerate sudden changes in temperature. 很少植物经受得住气温的突然变化。 The cousins tolerated each other，but did not really get on well together. 这对表亲互相容忍，但是相处得并不真的融洽。 The teacher cannot tolerate eating in class. 老师不容许在课堂上吃东西。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①The government tolerates smoking but not 　taking　(take)drugs. ②Their relationship 　is tolerated　(tolerate)but not encouraged. ③He has a sense of humour plus 　tolerance　(tolerate)and patience. ④Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a 　tolerant　(tolerate) smile and let him go. ⑤They need to be tolerant 　of　 different points of view. 9．expose vt. 暴露；使暴露于(险境)；使面临；使体验 (1)expose... to... 暴露……给……；使……接触…… expose sb. to... 使某人面临……；使某人暴露于…… (2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到 (3)exposure n．暴露；曝光；揭露 ◆[经典佳句] It's a great concern that children in America are exposed to violence. 在美国，孩子们接触暴力，令人担忧。 We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore. 自来水公司被命令不得再使人们受污染水的影响。 Exposure to lead is known to damage the brains of young children. 众所周知，接触铅对儿童大脑有害。 This exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them. 这种接触给他们提供了很多机会来学会区分它们。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Some people think we shouldn't expose the children to 　playing　 (play) computer games. ②　Being exposed　 (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin. ③If 　exposed　 (expose) to the outside surroundings，they'll be stronger and better prepared for their future. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 句式升级 Children are exposed to difficult situations.They are better at handling challenging situations. ④高级表达：　Exposed to difficult situations　， children are better at handling challenging situations. (分词作状语) 10．bother vt.&vi. (使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother to do/doing sth. 费心做某事 It bothers sb. that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是 Why bother? 何必那么麻烦？ Don't bother. 不用麻烦了。 ◆[经典佳句] I'm sorry to bother you with/about so many questions on such an occasion. 在这种情况下，我还问了这么多问题，给你添麻烦了，真抱歉啊。 He won't come, so why bother inviting/to invite him? 他不会来的，为什么还要费心请他呢？ I was sick of the way most people hadn't bothered to help. 我讨厌人们不愿麻烦相助。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Why bother 　asking/to ask　 (ask) if you're not really interested? ②I don't want to bother Mom 　with/about　 my problems at the moment. ③　It　 bothers me that he can be so insensitive. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④We are playing a trick on a men who 　keeps bothering me　. 我们在捉弄一个总是来烦我的人。 ⑤I don't want to 　put him to any bother　，so I try doing it by myself. 我不想给他添乱，所以，我试着自己来做这件事。 1．(教材P30)They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears. 他们要是不堵耳朵就不能放松或看书。 [句式结构]　couldn't ...without为双重否定，表示肯定意思。 ◆[规律总结] (1)not ...without ...意为“没有……就不能……”。这是一种双重否定句式，表示肯定意义。其中否定词也可以是no，never或加否定前缀构成的否定意义的词。 (2)常见的双重否定结构还有： no (not)．.. no (not)．..没有……没有…… no (never)．..without ...没有…… 不……；除……不…… nothing ...not/no/含否定意义前缀的词　没有……不…… (3)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有： cannot ...too ...越……越……；无论怎样……也不为过 ◆[经典佳句] I couldn't have gone through that bitter period without your generous help. 没有你的慷慨帮助，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。 You can't be too careful while driving the car. 你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。 Use your head and you will find nothing is impossible in the world. 动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①You are 　never too old to learn　. 活到老，学到老。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 同义句转换 ②You can't study in this famous university if you don't work hard. →You 　can't study　 in this famous university 　without　 hard work. 2．(教材P31)We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on! 我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸，突然间大量的水从天而降，我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡了一样全身湿透！ [句式结构]　该句式为be doing ...when ...结构，表示：“正在做……，这时/突然……”，when为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。 ◆[规律总结] be about to do...when... 正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时…… be doing... when...正在做……这时…… had (just/never/hardly)done...when/before...刚做完……这时…… ◆[经典佳句] My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a stranger came up to her. 我妈妈正把购物放进袋子，这时一位陌生人向她走来。 They were about to give up/on the point of giving up when the teacher encouraged them to continue. 他们快要放弃时，老师鼓励他们坚持下去。 She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 昨天她刚做完作业，她的妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。 ◆[误区规避]——语法填空 They 　_________　 (reach) Edinburgh when/before they were ordered to returned to London.(可能失误)填reached。 (正确表达)填had reached。 (错误分析)had(just/never/hardly)　 done...when/before... “ 刚做完……这时……”。此类句型的主句要使用过去完成时。故填had reached。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①Tom 　was playing computer games when　 his father came in. 汤姆正在玩电脑游戏，这时他爸爸进来了。 ②Last night I 　was about to go to bed when　 the phone rang. 昨天晚上我正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。 ③He 　had just finished reading the book when　 supper was served. 他刚刚读完这本书，这时晚饭就端上来了。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 同义句转换 ④He was just about to jump up when he felt something moving near his feet. →He 　was on the point of jumping up when　 he felt something moving near his feet. [基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．There was a note of 　warning　 (警告)in what he said. 2．It is anger that leads to 　violence　 (暴力) and loss of control. 3．One should never make public 　property　 (财产) one's private possession. 4．I 　recalled　 (回忆) the way they had been dancing together. 5．Those 　arrested　 (逮捕) have been charged with public order offences. 6．Black people could not 　vote　 (投票) or choose their leaders then. 7．I don't want to 　bother　 (打扰) her with my problems at the moment. 8．At first the new surroundings were difficult for me to 　tolerate　 (容忍)． 9．We received a number of 　complaints　(投诉) from customers about the lack of parking facilities. 10．The lawyer's advice led to the 　resolution　 (解决) of this difficult problem. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I need to get all my friends to vote 　for　 me then! 2．Nobody can tolerate 　being cheated　 (cheat), and that's why he has no friend. 3．I don't know if Shally's coming. I didn't bother 　asking/to ask　 (ask)． 4．You can not make egg rolls 　without　 breaking eggs. 5．　While/Though/Although　 she is a top student, she has some shortcomings. 6．Last Monday, I 　was_walking　 (walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 7．He had just fallen into sleep 　when　 the phone rang. 8．He was beginning to get 　annoyed　 (annoy) with me about my carelessness. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．In my opinion，　when_in_trouble　(当陷入困境时)，we should seek help from those we trust mostly. 2．He went to America 10 years ago，and never contacted me 　from_then_on　(从那时起)． 3．He 　was_bitter_about/over　(对……感到不满，耿耿于怀)not being picked for the team. 4．The friendly atmosphere in the family 　has_a_good_influence_on　(对……有良好的影响)children's growth. 5．　In_a_flash　(刹那间)，he remembered everything and a plan began to form in his mind. 6．Bad habits are hard to 　get_rid_of　(改掉，戒掉)． 7．We must 　take_action　(采取行动)before it is too late. 8．　Being_exposed_to　(暴露于)the sun will do harm to the skin. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When I saw the black bear appear, I knew I shouldn't turn around and flee.So I held my ground in spite of my fear.It was a moment I'd been frightened for months. I grew up in the Rocky Mountains and spent much of my childhood hiking and exploring outdoors.Fascinated by the mountains and streams, I decided to study geology at college.I was excited when I had the opportunity to participate in summer field research.One summer, I spent nearly 3 months hiking every day and living in a village cabin, which was a great experience. I'd been hired as an undergraduate field assistant to do geology work.I worked alongside my supervisor and one other assistant.Before we went into the field, I overheard the other assistant saying I was a slow hiker.It wasn't the first time that he had 　disparaged　 my physical or intellectual abilities.He argued with me constantly.The more it happened, the quieter I became.After a few weeks of misery, I could see that my supervisor was mistaking my silence for incompetence.Sensing his disappointment in me, I began to believe I wasn't cut out to be a scientist. Several days later, I spotted the bear.At first I was terrified.But when it quickly ran away, simply because I was standing there, my feelings started to change.I realised that if a wild animal feared me, I wasn't powerless after all.I went back to camp with the confidence I needed to stand up to the real threat I faced that summer. That evening, after the other assistant criticised the way I was setting up the camp table for dinner, I threw the table legs down and told him how sick I was of the way he'd treated me.I felt better after getting it off my chest.I realised that in the future I need to address problems head on rather than internalising them and letting them affect my self­confidence. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者被聘为实地助手，因为受到另一个助手的贬低，变得没有自信。直到某天作者勇敢回击对方，也从中意识到需要直面问题，找回自信。 1.What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To summarise the following paragraphs. B．To provide some advice for the readers. C．To introduce a new topic for discussion. D．To add some background information. 解析：D　[推理判断题。根据第二段“I grew up in the Rocky Mountains...which was a great experience.”可推知，第二段的目的是添加一些作者的背景信息。故选D。] 2．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Put aside.　　　 B．Referred to. C．Looked down on. D．Brought down. 解析：C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Before we went into the field, I overheard the other assistant saying I was a slow hiker.”和后文my physical or intellectual abilities可知，在去实地考察之前，作者无意中听到另一个助理说自己徒步很慢，即在贬低作者，而这不是他第一次贬低作者的身体或智力了。因此画线词意为“贬低，看不起”。故选C。] 3．What was the author's real threat that summer? A．His silence. B．His disability. C．The black bear. D．The other assistant. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Before we went into the field，...that my supervisor was mistaking my silence for incompetence.”可知，那年夏天，作者真正的威胁是另一个助手的贬低。故选D。] 4．What will the author probably suggest doing? A．Being talkative. B．Being friendly. C．Being confident. D．Being active. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I felt better after getting it off my chest.I realised that in the future I need to address problems head on rather than internalising them and letting them affect my self­confidence.”可推知，作者可能会建议要自信。故选C。] B Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin­Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW­Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four­year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68­year­old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first­generation graduate and an inspiration to her family－and that's pretty powerful. [语篇解读]　本文讲述了詹妮弗即使在面对生活中的诸多困难时，仍然用坚强的意志克服困难并获得学士学位的故事。 5．What did Jennifer do after high school? A．She helped her dad with his work. B．She ran the family farm on her own. C．She supported herself through college. D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 解析：C　[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“after high school”可查找到文章第二段第三句“After high school，Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay her tuition(学费)，because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.”可知，詹妮弗在读完高中后就勤工俭学。故选C。] 6．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A．To take care of her kids easily. B．To learn from the best nurses. C．To save money for her parents. D．To find a well­paid job there. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据题干可查找到文章第三段第三句“...she was able to pursue her...to home.”和第四句“...be home in the evening to help with her kids.”可知，詹妮弗选择Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield是因为她可以方便照顾自己的孩子们。故选A。] 7．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A．Her health. B．Her time with family. C．Her reputation. D．Her chance of promotion. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“...giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.”可知，詹妮弗为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多与家人在一起的时间。故选B。] 8．What can we learn from Jennifer's story? A．Time is money. B．Love breaks down barriers. C．Hard work pays off. D．Education is the key to success. 解析：C　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了詹妮弗靠自己坚忍不拔的意志获得成功的故事，分析选项可知，C项符合文章的主旨。故选C。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 As a working mother, my years passed without time for relaxing. The kids have been out of the nest, and I have been retired. Now I could take some time for ME! 1__　 As a lifelong list maker, I did my research. There were relaxation activities like meditation (冥想), exercise, socializing... I was determined to find the one thing that truly filled my soul. And so I began my not­so­smooth journey to finding myself. Meditation was the first to come and go. I never fully understood how to shut my mind off. I always felt like I was just waiting for it to end. Next, I tried “Teatime as Me Time.”　__2__　I imagined sitting across from a dear friend, drinking elegantly from delicate cups, but that is as far as it ever went. I have the fancy tea set (never used) and a shelf full of tea packages that I will never consume. Exercise is a highly recommended me­time activity. But for me, after a week or so of training, exercise time was killing me.　__3__　 Many other me­time experiments left me wanting less of them, not more. I felt like a failure at this me­time thing. I could spend the whole morning watching the big, fuzzy bees in my garden. In those moments, time stood still.　__4__　I discovered that I truly desired less emphasis on me altogether. Maybe the experts had this me­time thing all wrong, and it had little to do with “me” or “time” as I was defining it. Perhaps we are too concerned with how we spend our time instead of enjoying the nothingness of simply being. Instead of viewing it as a hesitation between activities, we can shift our awareness into welcoming timelessness.　__5__　Maybe a better version of “me time” is simply “be time” ... or, better yet, “bee time”！ A. Taking the focus off myself was a relief. B．Of course, there were many possibilities. C．At first, I was very enthusiastic about this. D．So, I eventually crossed these ideas off my list. E．Sitting around feeling special doesn't feel special to me. F．I still value all those busy years but I know I should learn to relax. G．Witnessing simple moments of nature re­centered my soul better than anything else. [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者退休后进行的寻找自我的一些尝试和感悟。 1．B　[下文“As a lifelong list maker, I did my research. There were relaxation activities like meditation (冥想), exercise, socializing... I was determined to find the one thing that truly filled my soul.(作为一个终身喜欢列清单的人，我做了我的研究。有放松活动，比如冥想，运动，社交……我下定决心要找到真正填满我灵魂的东西。)”提到了一些可能做的事情。B选项中possibilities是关键词，与下文可能做得事情呼应，所以B选项“当然，有很多可能性”能概括下文的内容。故选B项。] 2．C　[上文“Next, I tried ‘Teatime as Me Time.’(接下来，我尝试了‘茶时间就是我的时间’。)”提到了茶时间，下文“I imagined sitting across from a dear friend, drinking elegantly from delicate cups, but that is as far as it ever went.(我想象着坐在一位亲爱的朋友对面，用精致的杯子优雅地畅饮，但仅此而已。)”提到了想象和朋友优雅畅饮的场面，C选项中enthusiastic是关键词，与下文“作者细细想象喝茶场景”呼应，说明作者起初对茶时间感兴趣，所以C选项“起初，我对此很有热情。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。] 3．D　[上文“I have the fancy tea set (never used) and a shelf full of tea packages that I will never consume. Exercise is a highly recommended me­time activity. But for me, after a week or so of training, exercise time was killing me.[我有一套精美的茶具(从未使用过)和一个装满茶包的架子，我永远不会食用。强烈建议我在自己的时间里做运动。但对我来说，经过一周左右的训练后，锻炼时间快把我累死了。]”提到了作者从未有过茶时间和作者对锻炼的不好感受，说明作者不想进行这些活动，D选项“所以，我最终把这些想法从我的清单上划掉了。”与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选D项。] 4．A　[上文“I felt like a failure at this me­time thing. I could spend the whole morning watching the big, fuzzy bees in my garden. In those moments, time stood still.(我觉得在自己的时间这件事上我很失败。我可以整个上午都在花园里观察那些又大又毛茸茸的蜜蜂。在那些时刻，时间静止了。)”提到了作者的压抑，A选项中relief是关键词，与上文提到的压抑之情相呼应，所以A选项“把注意力从我身上移开是一种解脱。”与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选A项。] 5．G　[上文“Perhaps we are too concerned with how we spend our time instead of enjoying the nothingness of simply being.Instead of viewing it as a hesitation between activities, we can shift our awareness into welcoming timelessness.(也许我们太在意如何度过我们的时间，而不是享受简单存在的虚无。我们可以将我们的意识转变为欢迎永恒，而不是将其视为活动之间的犹豫。)”提到了享受简单、转变意识等，G选项中simple moments是关键词，与上文呼应，所以G选项“目睹大自然的简单瞬间比任何事情都更能让我的灵魂重新集中。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 We recognize our friends' faces. And we are not alone. Many social animals can also identify individuals of their own species by their facial 1.　________　(feature), because they need to adjust their behavior 2.　________　(depend) on who they meet. And a study has shown that some domesticated (驯养的) animals can even distinguish among different faces in photographs. Researchers first 3.　________　(teach) horses to “choose” between two side­by­side images on a computer screen. Then the horses that were shown photos of their keeper alongside faces of 4.　________　 (familiar) humans ignored the strangers' faces, identifying 5.　________　 (correct) their keeper about 75% of the time. What's more, the horses also preferentially picked photos of their previous keeper. And they 6.　________　(be) at least as accurate in picking out their previous keeper 7.　________　 they were in identifying their current one. In addition, horses seem to have 8.　________　 strong long­term memory for human faces, consistent with their long lifespan and history of domestication. In future experiments, the researchers may test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with might cause horses 9.　________　(act) anxiously. So maybe think twice before doing anything 10.　________　 might give a horse a long face. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。许多群居动物可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种的个体。一项研究表明，一些驯养的动物甚至可以区分照片中不同的面孔。 1．features　[考查名词复数。根据语境可知，面部特征不止一个，应用名词复数形式。] 2．depending　[考查非谓语动词。许多群居动物也可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种的个体，因为它们需要根据遇到的个体来调整自己的行为。because引导的从句的主干为they need to adjust their behavior。depend on的逻辑主语为they，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。] 3．taught　[考查动词时态。根据下文的“Then the horses that were shown”可知，此处也应用一般过去时态。] 4．unfamiliar　[考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作定语。根据语境和下文的“strangers”可知，此处表示陌生人的面孔，故应用unfamiliar“陌生的，不熟悉的”。] 5．correctly　[考查副词。此处修饰动词，应用副词作状语。] 6．were　[考查时态。根据空前连词And和前后文时态为一般过去时可知，此处应填were。] 7．as　[考查连词。此处为as ...as ...结构，意为“和……一样……”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词，其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。] 8．a　[考查冠词。此处为泛指，应用不定冠词。] 9．to act　[考查非谓语动词。此处为cause sb./sth.to do结构，动词不定式作宾语补足语。] 10．that　[考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，又由于先行词为anything，故关系代词通常用that。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $