Unit 2构词法-2025-2026学年高中英语必修一语法考点精讲（外研版）

高中外研版 【必修1】Unit2构词法 必修1 构词法 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：合成法(Compounding) 规则：结构：由两个或两个以上独立单词直接组合构成新词，分名词+名词、形容词+名词、动 词+名词等类型 例句：classroom（名词+名词)，blackboard(形容词+名词)，pickpocket(动词+名词) 例题l:真题l:The_is a place where students can read books and do homework.[2o23Xx市高一 期末打 A.bookstore B.classroom C.playground D.library 答案：D 例题2：真题2：My mother bought a new一for the kitchen.[2o22Xx省联考] A.textbook B.toothbrush C.sunglasses D.keyboard 答案：B 考点二：派生法(Derivation)—前缀 规则：结构：在词根前加前缀改变词义（不改变词性），常见前缀：m-(否定)、e-(重复)、dis (否定)、im-(否定) 例句：unhappy(不开心的)，rewrite(重写)，disappear(消失)，impossible(不可能的) 例题1：真题1：It's一to finish the work in such a short time.[2o23新高考模拟灯 A.possible B.impossible C.polite D.impolite 答案：B 例题2：真题2：He一the mistake and handed in the corrected pa即er.[2o22xx市高-质检 A.did B.undid C.made D.unmade 答案：B 考点三：派生法(Derivation)一后缀 规则：结构：在词根后加后缀改变词性（通常不改变词义核心），常见后缀：-r(名词，表人)、 -fl(形容词，充满…的)、less(形容词，无…的)、y(副词) 例句：teacher(教师)，careful(小心的)，careless(粗心的)，quickly(快速地) 1 高中外研版 【必修1】 Unit2构词法 例题1：真题1：My brother is a.一.He works in a hospital..2o21Xx省期末真题] A.teach B.teacher C.doctor D.drive 答案：C 例题2：真题2：She always does her homework一.[2o23Xx市高一期末] A.careful B.carefully C.careless D.carelessly 答案：B 考点四：转化法(Conversion) 规则：结构：单词由一种词性转化为另一种词性，常见：名词→动词、动词一名词、形容词→ 动词 例句：water(n.水v.浇水)，study(v.学习→n.书房)，clen(adj.干净的v.打扫) 例题1：真题1：Please_the door before you leave.[2022Xx省联考] A.close B.closed C.closing D.to close 答案：A 例题2：真题2：Let's have a一after lunch.[2o23Xx市高一质检] A.walk B.walking C.walked D.to walk 答案：A 考点五：缩写法(Abbreviation) 规则：结构：通过缩写或首字母缩略构成新词，常见：info(information)、phone(telephone)、 VIP (Very Important Person) 例句：We need more info about the event..(info=information) 例题1：真题1：一is short for"television'”.[2021x市高一期末 A.TV B.CD C.USA D.UK 答案：A 例题2：真题2：He is a一in our school.(VIP=Very Important Person)[2023新高考模拟] A.student B.teacher C.VIP D.doctor 答案：C 考点综合训练 一、单项选择 1.This new dictionary is very It helps me a lot with my English study. A.help B.helpful C.helpless D.helping 2.My sister works as a-in a restaurant.She serves food to customers. A.work B.worker C.serve D.server 2 高中外研版 【必修1】 Unit2构词法 3.Please_the lights before you leave the classroom. A.close B.turn C.off D.switch 4.It'sto swim in the river alone.You should ask an adult to go with you A.safe B.unsafe C.carefully D.careless 5.The word“TV”is short for_ A.telephone B.television C.information D.important 二、完成句子 1.She is a_(teach)and she loves her students very much. 2.This story is so(interest)that all children like it. 3.Don't be(care).You may make mistakes in your homework. 4.My father(water)the flowers in the garden every morning. 5.We need more(info)about the summer camp before we join it. 三、短文改错下面短文中共有5处与构词法相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.My brother is a teach.He works in a middle school. 2.This book is very help.I learned a lot from it. 3.She always does her homework careful 4.Please unmake the mistake in your composition. 5.Let's have a walked after dinner. 四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Tom is a-(care)student.He always listens to the teacher_(careful)in class.Last week,his teacher asked the class to write a story about their_(day)life.Tom_(use)many new words he learned,like "(sun)"(sunny)and "(friend)"(friendly).His story was so(interest)that the teacher read it to the whole class.After class,Tom's classmates said,"Your story is-(wonder)!Can you tell us how to write_(good)?"Tom smiled and said,"Just read more and practice(often)! 参考答案 3 高中外研版 【必修1】Unit2构词法 一、单项选择答案 B2.D3.D4.B5.B 二、完成句子答案 teacher 2.interesting 3.careless 4.waters 5.info 三、短文改错答案 l.teach→teacher2.help→helpful3.careful→carefully 4.unmake→undo5.walked→walk 四、语法填空答案 careful 2.carefully 3.daily 4.used 5.sunny 6.friendly 7.interesting 8.wonderful 9.well 10.often 4