Unit 1短语的类型和功能-2025-2026学年高中英语必修一语法考点精讲（人教版）

高中必修1人教版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 语法专版 Unit1:短语的类型和功能 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：并列短语的构成和功能 规则：由两个或以上词性相同、意义相关、结构平行的词语构成，常用and/or/but连接，在句中 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等 例题1： (选择)：My favorite hobbies are reading booksplaying basketball.【2022XX市高一 期末】 A.orB.butC.andD.so(答案：C) 例题2：（选择）：He is tallstrong,so he is good at sports.【2021X省高中联考】 A.butB.andC.orD.yet(答案：B) 考点二：偏正短语（定中短语)的构成和功能 规则：由定语（形容词/名词代词等)+中心语（名词)构成，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语 例题l:(选择)：We should protectanimals in the wild.【2023XX校高一月考】 A.danger B.dangerous C.dangerously D.endanger (答案：B) 例题2：（选择）：Please pass mebook on the desk.【2022XX市期末统考】 A.aB.anC.theD./（答案：C) 考点三：偏正短语（状中短语）的构成和功能 规则：由状语（副词/介词短语等）+中心语（动词/形容词）构成，在句中主要作状语 例题1：（选择）：He speaks English than his brother.【2021XX省高一联考】 A.fluent B.more fluent C.fluently D.more fluently(答案：D) 例题2：（选择）：_working hard,.he still failed the exam.【2023XX市高一期末】 A.Because B.Though C.Despite D.So(答案：C) 考点四：动宾短语的构成和功能 高中必修1人教版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 规则：由动词+宾语（名词/代词/动名词等)构成，在句中可作谓语（与系动词搭配除外）入、主语、 宾语等 例题1：（选择）：My mother often tells me_too much time playing games.【2022全国甲卷模拟】 A.not to spend B.to not spend C.don't spend D.not spend(答案：A) 例题2：（选择）：He decideda trip to Beijing during the summer vacation.【2021XX市高一质 检】 A.take B.taking C.to take D.took (答案：C) 考点五：主谓短语的构成和功能 规则：由主语（名词/代词）+谓语（动词/形容词）构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等 例题1： (选择)：_is important for everyone.【2023XX校高一期末】 A.Exercise regularly B.Regularly exercise C.Exercising regularly D.Regularly exercising （答 案：C) 例题2：（选择）：I heardin the next room last night..【2022X省联考】 A.her sing B.she sing C.her to sing D.she singing(答案：A) 考点六：介宾短语的构成和功能 规则：由介词+宾语（名词/代词/动名词等）构成，在句中主要作状语、定语、表语 例题1：（选择）：The book the desk is mine.【2021XX市高一期末】 A.onB.inC.atD.nder(答案：A) 例题2：（选择）：He is interestedplaying football.【2023XX省高一联考】 A.atB.imC.onD.with(答案：B) 考点七：固定搭配类短语的识别与运用 规则：由动词+副词/介词构成的固定短语（如look up,give up,take care of等），意义具有整体性 例题1：（选择）：If you don't know the meaning of the word,you can_in the dictionary.【2022 XX市高一期末】 A.look it up B.look up it C.look for it D.look it for(答案：A) 例题2：（选择）：He decided tosmoking because it's bad for his health.【202lXX省联考】 A.give up B.put up.take up D.make up（答案：A) 3 高中必修1人教版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 考点综合训练 一、单项选择 1.My sister enjoys_andin her free time. A.sing;dance B.singing;dancing C.sing,dancing D.singing;dance 2.We should try our best the endangered animals A.protect B.protecting C.to protect D.protected 3.He speaks Englishthan any other student in his class. A.fluent B.more fluent C.fluently D.more fluently 4.the heavy rain,we still arrived at school on time. A.Despite B.Though C.Because D.So 5.My father often tells metoo much time on social media. A.not to spend B.to not spend C.don't spend D.not spend 6.The bookthe desk is borrowed from the library. A.in B.on C.at D.under 7.She decideda part-time job during the winter vacation A.take B.taking C.to take D.took 8.regularly is good for both physical and mental health A.Exercise B.Exercising C.To exercise D.Exercised 二、完成句子 1.他喜欢游泳和跑步。 He likes_and_. 2.我们应该努力提高英语水平。 We shouldto improve our English. 3.墙上的照片是我家人的 The photo is my family's. 4.她花了三小时完成作业。 Shethree hoursher homework. 5. 在朋友们的帮助下，他克服了困难。 his friends,he overcame the difficulty. 三、短文改错下面短文中共有5处与短语类型相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.My brother is interested on playing basketball. 高中必修1人教版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 2.She decided taking a trip to Shanghai next month. 3.Despite he worked hard,he didn't pass the exam. 4.The girl in red dress is my cousin. 5.He spent two hours to do his homework yesterday. 四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Tom is a high school student who enjoys-(read)and(draw).Every morning,he gets up early and runs_(quick)to school.He often tells his classmates(not waste)time on computer games.Last week,he decided(join)the English club to practice speaking.the help of his teacher,he has made great progress.His teacher always says that_(learn)English well requires hard work.Tom hopes he can speak English_(fluent)someday and dreams of_(travel)to England in the future. 参考答案 一、 单项选择答案 2.C3.D4.A5.A6.B7.C8.B 二、完成句子答案 1.swimming;running 2.tryhard 3.on the wall 4.spent;doing 5.With the help of 三、短文改错答案 1.on→in 2.taking→to take 3.Despite>Though/Although 4.red dress→red或red前加a 5.todo→doing 四、语法填空答案 1.reading 2.drawing 3.quickly 4.not to waste 5.to join 6.With 7.learning 8.fluently 9.traveling 4