精品解析：安徽阜阳市临泉县临泉田家炳实验中学（临泉县教师进修学校）2025-2026学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题

高一英语 (120分钟　150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What happened to the boy? A.He lost his life. B.He was killed by a man. C.He was injured in an accident. 2.What does the man praise about the play? A.The dialogue. B.The music. C.The stage. 3.Who is the best at dancing? ALucy. B.Bill. C.Mike. 4.What does Matt think of the summer camp? A.It’s great. B.It’s boring. C.It’s tiring. 5.How old is the man’s sister? A.11. B.13. C.15. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What’s Anna doing now? A.She is writing an e-mail. B.She is talking on the phone. C.She is on holiday. 7.Which season is it in Australia now? A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Winter. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8.Why did Jane join the gardening club? A.She likes growing vegetables. B.She wants to be a gardener. C.She needs to research into peas. 9.Which vegetables does Jane like growing best? A.Cabbages. B.Carrots. C.Potatoes. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10.What does the woman order? A.Beef and cola. B.Noodles and juice. C.A hot dog and soup. 11.How much is the drink? A.5 yuan. B.20 yuan. C.25 yuan. 12.Where does the woman live? A.At Sunshine Restaurant. B.In Center Hotel. COn Center Street. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13.Where are the speakers? A.In a bookstore. B.In a club. C.In a school. 14.What’s the man poor at? A.Keeping a diary. B.Singing songs. C.Writing English articles. 15.What do we know about the teachers in the club? A.They are experienced. B.They come from America. C.They enjoy listening to songs. 16.What can the man choose when filling in the form? A.The place of the course. B.The teacher of the course. C.The time of the course. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17.Who were the earliest newspapers first intended for? A.The writers. B.The pioneers. C.The public. 18.Where was the first real newspaper started? A.In Germany. B.In England. C.In America. 19.When was the first English newspaper published? A.In 1609. B.In 1665. C.In 1704. 20.Which is called the first penny newspaper? A.Strassburg Relation. B.The New York Sun. C.The Boston News-Letter. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The New Jersey State Botanical (植物学的)Garden (NJBG) is a part of Ringwood State Park, New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry, Department of Environmental Protection. It appears on both the State and National Registers of Historic Places. Membership It’s easy to join NJBG or renew your membership—or a gift membership—online, by phone or by mail.And it’s very important to the Botanical Garden. Your membership dollars help to protect the Garden, and provide educational activities for the general public. Thank you for your support! To join or renew, please click on the section below for safe and convenient online payment. If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 to get more information. Membership Benefits NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit, with formal gardens, native woodlands, and about 5,000 species and varieties of trees, shrubs and flowers. Your NJBG membership allows you to buy plants at a reduced price at plant shops. Join NJBG Today New Member Individual Family Student Annual Dues (年度会费) $35 $60 $25 Biennial (两年一次的) Dues $60 $110 $40 Renew Membership Membership Renewal Individual Family Student Annual Dues $30 $50 $25 Biennial Dues $50 $90 $40 1. What’s the membership dollar used to do? A. Offer gardeners education. B. Provide service for the public. C. Build a new botanical museum. D. Set up NJBG’s payment system. 2. What advantage do the NJBG members have? A. Joining in activities for free. B. Visiting the Garden anytime. C. Buying plants at a lower price. D. Learning to care for a garden. 3. How much will you pay to get new NJBG family membership for two years? A. $60. B. $90. C. $100. D. $110. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍新泽西州植物园的会员制度、会费标准及会员享有的相关权益。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Membership部分中的“Your membership dollars help to protect the Garden, and provide educational activities for the general public.(你的会员费将用于保护植物园，并为普通大众提供教育类活动。)”可知，会员费的用途之一是为公众提供相关服务。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Membership Benefits部分中的“Your NJBG membership allows you to buy plants at a reduced price at plant shops.(成为NJBG会员，你可以在植物商店以优惠价格购买植物。)”可知，会员的专属优势是能以更低的价格购买植物。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Join NJBG Today部分的表格信息，新会员（New Member）中家庭会员（Family）的两年期会费（Biennial Dues）为$110，可知，新的NJBG家庭会员两年期费用为$110。故选D项。 B Most of us probably don’t give a second thought to sitting down at our kitchen table, but for some, that is not routine. John Michael Stagliano had just finished furnishing an apartment in Goose Creek, South Carolina, for a veteran (退伍军人) through his nonprofit, HomeAgain, when the veteran texted to thank him. “They were perhaps the most powerful words I had ever read,” says John. “It turned out that his spirits had been extremely low. He believed he was forgotten in this world. An empty apartment was a metaphor (隐喻) for his life. He was on the edge of breaking down in those days. Maybe it was the furniture, or perhaps it was knowing there were people who cared that made the difference.” “I see the world through a different prism now,” John adds. “I never knew the impact that a simple couch or kitchen table could have. Furniture can restore the dignity of a family.” Recalling the story brings a big smile to John’s face. That’s because this first-year computer science major student gains joy from helping others — something he’s been doing for most of his young life. His sister, Katie Stagliano, founded Katie’s Krops, a nonprofit growing vegetables and fruits to help people struggling with hunger. And John credits his sister with inspiring him toward a path of service, which began at the age of 4. When not studying, John manages the countless duties to run the nonprofit organization he established in his hometown at the age of 12. With donations and a group of volunteers, HomeAgain helps individuals and families by providing them with furnishings and housewares for their new places — nearly 600 people now. “With every move-in, I have changed,” he says. “I’ve found self-confidence and a realization that we all need to know that someone cares. For people who have lived in and out of shelters, to be home again is a victory, a sense of peace and something to be celebrated.” 4. Why did the veteran thank John? A. John rented an apartment for him. B. John sent furniture to him for nothing. C. John helped him move to a new place. D. John told him that people cared about him. 5. What contributes most to John’s choice to serve others? A. His sister’s influence. B. The joy from helping others. C. People struggling with hunger. D. Some powerful words he read. 6. How does John like his nonprofit experience? A. Challenging. B. Inspiring. C. Worthwhile. D. Troublesome. 7. What message does the text want to deliver? A. Kindness is a choice. B. Education begins a gentleman. C. Success is no accident. D. Home is a shelter from storms. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“John Michael Stagliano had just finished furnishing an apartment in Goose Creek, South Carolina, for a veteran (退伍军人) through his nonprofit, HomeAgain, when the veteran texted to thank him.( 约翰·迈克尔·斯塔吉诺刚刚通过他的非营利组织HomeAgain为一位退伍军人完成了南卡罗来纳州古斯克里克的一套公寓的布置，而就在那时，这位退伍军人给他发来短信表示感谢。)”以及第二段中“Maybe it was the furniture, or perhaps it was knowing there were people who cared that made the difference.( 也许是家具的缘故，又或许是因为知道有人在乎他，这才产生了不同的影响。)”可知，约翰通过非营利组织免费为退伍军人的公寓添置了家具，这份帮助让情绪低落、觉得被遗忘的退伍军人重新感受到温暖，因此对方发来感谢。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“And John credits his sister with inspiring him toward a path of service, which began at the age of 4.( 而约翰则将姐姐的激励视为自己投身服务事业的起点，这一行动始于他 4 岁时。)”可知，约翰明确表示，是姐姐的激励让他走上了服务他人的道路，姐姐是其选择的核心原因。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Recalling the story brings a big smile to John’s face. That’s because this first-year computer science major student gains joy from helping others—something he’s been doing for most of his young life.( 回忆起这个故事，约翰的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。这是因为这位一年级计算机科学专业的学生从帮助他人中获得了快乐——这是他年轻时大部分时间都在做的事情。)”以及最后一段中““With every move-in, I have changed,” he says. “I’ve found self-confidence and a realization that we all need to know that someone cares.( “每一次搬进新家，我都发生了变化，”他说，“我找到了自信，并意识到我们所有人都需要知道有人在乎我们。)”可知，约翰从助人中收获快乐，且这段公益经历让他成长，收获了自信，也领悟到人与人之间关怀的意义，可见他认为这份经历是有价值的、值得做的。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是大学生约翰受姐姐启发，12 岁创办公益组织 HomeAgain，为有需要的人免费添置家具，助其重建家的温暖，他也从中收获快乐与自信，领悟到关怀与家的意义。由此可推知，这篇文章想要传达的信息是“善良是一种选择”。故选A项。 C On a cold morning this fall,Adam Welz went through chest high grass in New York state’s Adirondack Park, pausing often to watch with his binoculars (双筒望远镜) and listen. The 6-million-acreAdirondack Park is one of the wildest places in the eastern United States. Welz, who lives in South Africa and spent years in New York, describes himself as an old-school naturalist who likes to dive into places full of living things. Smelling them, hearing them and accessing them are his approaches to understanding the wild world. The experience of wildness helps him think more clearly about climate and humans’ contribution to global warming. One of the probable dangers to this northern forest is that invasive (侵入的) insects are more easily able to spread because of milder, shorter winters. “Insects that previously were limited to the more southern parts are now moving into these colder areas of the Northeast, just with a tiny increase in winter minimum temperatures,” Welz notes. “They’re having massive effects on these woodlands.” Fortunately, there are many ways people and politicians can act to reduce the use of oil, coal and other fossil fuels, which remain the primary drivers of global warming. There are also ways to repair many of the already hurt ecosystems. One example is New York’s Adirondack Park, which has grown a lot wilder over the last century. Locals, environmentalists and government scientists created policies to protect wilderness areas and wildlife habitat from development. Along the way they made the park far more able to deal with climate change. “This is a much more diverse and stable system than it was a hundred years ago because of these efforts to protect certain areas and allow wild species to reestablish themselves,” Welz says. He hopes more people will connect to wild places like this, not only because they’re beautiful and hopeful, but also because we need to remember our dependence on the natural world for basic needs like food and water. 8. In which aspect does Welz benefit from visiting the park? A. Sharpening his five senses. B. Becoming an old-school naturalist. C. Improving both his physical and mental health. D. Having a clearer understanding of climate change. 9. What is a probable danger to the northern forest according to paragraph 3? A. Milder and shorter winter periods. B. Easier spread of non-native insects. C. Quicker disappearance of the woodlands. D. Continuous low temperatures in winter. 10. Why is Adirondack Park mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To prove human efforts effective. B. To praise the local government’s policies. C. To explain how the park has grown a lot wilder. D. To show how the park deals with climate change. 11. Which word best describes Welz’s opinion on the park now? A. Interested. B. Worried. C. Satisfied. D. Disappointed. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了博物学家韦尔兹探访美国阿迪朗达克公园，从荒野体验中明晰气候变化，该北方森林受暖冬影响面临入侵昆虫威胁，而公园经多方保护生态更稳定，成修复生态范例，他也呼吁人们走近荒野、铭记对自然的依赖。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The experience of wildness helps him think more clearly about climate and humans’ contribution to global warming.( 这种对野生环境的体验有助于他更清晰地思考气候问题以及人类对全球变暖所做出的贡献。)”可知，韦尔兹探访荒野的经历，让他能更清晰地理解气候变化以及人类对全球变暖的影响，这是他从探访公园中获得的直接益处。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One of the probable dangers to this northern forest is that invasive (侵入的)insects are more easily able to spread because of milder, shorter winters.( 这片北部森林可能面临的潜在危险之一是，由于冬季变得更温和、更短暂，入侵性昆虫更容易传播。)”可知，北方森林面临的潜在威胁是，外来入侵昆虫因冬季更温和、更短暂而更容易传播，这是原文明确表述的核心危险。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“There are also ways to repair many of the already hurt ecosystems. One example is New York’s Adirondack Park, which has grown a lot wilder over the last century. Locals, environmentalists and government scientists created policies to protect wilderness areas and wildlife habitat from development. Along the way they made the park far more able to deal with climate change.( 还有办法可以修复许多已经受损的生态系统。其中一个例子是纽约州的阿迪朗达克公园，该公园在过去的一个世纪里变得愈发荒野化。当地居民、环保人士和政府科学家制定了保护荒野区域和野生动植物栖息地免受开发影响的政策。在此过程中，他们使公园在应对气候变化方面的能力大大增强。)”可知，本段先提出“人类可以采取措施修复受损生态系统”的观点，随后以阿迪朗达克公园为例子，说明当地通过制定保护政策，让公园更具应对气候变化的能力，核心目的是证明人类的保护努力是有效的。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““This is a much more diverse and stable system than it was a hundred years ago because of these efforts to protect certain areas and allow wild species to reestablish themselves,” Welz says. He hopes more people will connect to wild places like this, not only because they’re beautiful and hopeful, but also because we need to remember our dependence on the natural world for basic needs like food and water.( 韦尔兹说：“由于这些保护特定区域和让野生物种重新繁衍的举措，这个系统比一百年前更加多样化和稳定了。因为这些努力，这片公园能够更好地应对气候变化。” 他希望更多的人能与这样的自然之地建立联系，不仅是因为它们美丽且充满希望，还因为我们需要记住我们对自然界的依赖，比如获取食物和水等基本需求。)”可知，韦尔兹评价如今的公园相比百年前，生态系统更具多样性和稳定性，还认为这个公园“美丽且充满希望”，并希望更多人走进它，可见他对现在的公园状况是满意的。故选C项。 D While in space, fluid-filled areas in the brains of astronauts fit in with microgravity by expanding (扩大). But after a space task, these structures might take three years to go back to normal, researchers report. At the brain’s center sit four ventricles (脑室) filled with liquid that protects the organ and clears out waste. But with little gravity in space, fluids increase in an astronaut’s head. So the ventricles take in more fluid and expand, says space scientist Rachael Seidler of the University of Florida. Researchers knew that astronauts often return to Earth with enlarged ventricles. But Seidler and colleagues wanted to see if time spent in space or time between two flights affects how much the brain changes during a space task. The team examined MRI (核磁共振) brain scans of 30 astronauts from before and after one of each astronaut’s tasks. Results showed that the longer the task, the more the ventricles seemed to expand. While two-week trips left a minimal mark on ventricles, 6 and 12-month missions resulted in more discernible enlargement. The two longer periods led to similar amounts of expansion, suggesting the expanding slows after six months in space. For the 18 astronauts who had flown before, time between tasks also made a difference. In those who last visited space three to nine years before, their ventricles expanded during the task. But ventricles grew little to none in astronauts whose last spaceflight took place less than three years before, which suggests their brains may not have had enough time between tasks to fully recover, the scientists say. “I’m glad that the researchers are looking at this question,” says neuroradiologist Donna Roberts of the Medical University of South Carolina. “There are so many variables that could play into the brain changes that we’re seeing.” Spaceflight’s effects on the brain are even more pressing now that NASA aims to send people to Mars, which could be a two-year round trip, she notes. “Everybody talks about the rocket technology to get to Mars, but the humans are the real difficult task.” 12. What happens to their brains when astronauts go into space? A. Their waste increases. B. Their liquid flows faster. C. Their memory areas expand. D. Their ventricles become larger. 13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “discernible” in paragraph 4? A. Acceptable. B. Controllable. C. Noticeable. D. Dependable. 14. What does Donna think of sending people to Mars? A. It’s pressing. B. It makes her glad. C. It’s challenging. D. It has proven technology. 15. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Human brains function better in microgravity B. Astronauts need longer time between flights C. Spaceflights become more popular and pressing D. Space exploration faces technological challenges 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现宇航员太空受微重力影响脑室会扩大，任务越久扩大越明显且六月后增速放缓，脑室恢复需三年，短于三年复飞则几乎不再扩大，这为火星载人飞行提出挑战。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“While in space, fluid-filled areas in the brains of astronauts fit in with microgravity by expanding (扩大).( 在太空环境中，宇航员大脑中的液体区域会因微重力作用而膨胀。)”以及第二段“At the brain’s center sit four ventricles (脑室) filled with liquid that protects the organ and clears out waste. But with little gravity in space, fluids increase in an astronaut’s head. So the ventricles take in more fluid and expand, says space scientist Rachael Seidler of the University of Florida.( 大脑的中心有四个充满液体的腔室，这些液体负责保护大脑并清除废物。但在太空中，由于重力微弱，宇航员头部的液体会增多。因此，这些腔室会吸收更多的液体并膨胀，佛罗里达大学的太空科学家拉切尔·塞德勒如是说。)”可知，宇航员进入太空后，由于微重力环境，大脑中充满液体的脑室会吸收更多液体并扩大。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Results showed that the longer the task, the more the ventricles seemed to expand.( 结果显示，任务持续时间越长，脑室似乎膨胀得越明显。)”以及划线单词句中“While two-week trips left a minimal mark on ventricles, 6 and 12-month missions resulted in more…enlargement.( 两周的行程对脑室的影响很小，而 6 个月和 12 个月的任务则导致更……扩张。)”可知，划线词前后形成对比——两周的太空旅行对脑室几乎没有影响（minimal mark），而6个月和 12 个月的任务会导致“更……的扩大”，对比逻辑可推断，划线词应与“minimal（微小的、不明显的）”相反，表“明显的”。C 项Noticeable“明显的”符合语境。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Spaceflight’s effects on the brain are even more pressing now that NASA aims to send people to Mars, which could be a two-year round trip, she notes. “Everybody talks about the rocket technology to get to Mars, but the humans are the real difficult task.”(她指出，随着美国国家航空航天局计划将人类送往火星（往返行程可能长达两年），太空飞行对大脑影响变得更加紧迫。她补充道：“人们都在谈论前往火星的火箭技术，但人类才是真正的艰巨任务。”)”可知，唐娜指出，NASA 计划送人类去火星（往返可能需要两年），而太空飞行对大脑的影响尚未完全明确，且“人类才是真正的难题”，可见她认为送人类去火星是具有挑战性的。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章核心研究发现有两个：1.太空任务时间越长，宇航员脑室扩大越明显；2.两次太空飞行间隔不足三年的宇航员，脑室几乎不再扩大，说明大脑未完全恢复。全文围绕“太空飞行对宇航员大脑的影响”展开，核心呼吁/结论是“宇航员需要更长的飞行间隔时间以让大脑恢复”。B 项“宇航员需要更长的飞行间隔时间”贴合主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips on time management for students Nowadays, students are faced with lots of challenges, of which the biggest one probably is managing their time. They just have so much to learn and their time is so limited. ____16____. Treat school like a job. ____17____. Just like a full-time career, to be successful may require 8 hours each day. This still leaves 16 hours each day for sleep, sports, clubs, social and other activities. ____18____ Students need to prepare for and attend all their classes. Meanwhile, they also need to spend some time each week learning new things. So they are supposed to work on their courses regularly, at a time when their concentration is best and in a place where they won’t be disturbed. Plan each week and term. Students should have their own goals. But just having a goal is not enough. ____19____. Some tools are available at the Student Development Center to help students make plans, including Term calendars, Weekly planners. Seek out support services. Students need to take responsibility for their learning but this does not mean doing everything on their own. ____20____. They should also learn about the different student services and make good use of them. A. Try time management self-assessment B. Spend time on each course every week C. If students are registered full-time, school is their primary job D. Independent students should know how to find and ask for help E. If you are one of the students struggling with time managing, read on F. Keep in mind that a 40-hour workweek could take the form of five 8-hour days G. Successful students develop a plan to increase the likelihood that their goals are realized 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。学生常面临时间管理难题，文章给出实用建议：把学业当作本职工作，合理安排课程时间，做好周与学期规划，并学会主动寻求帮助，高效管理时间。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Nowadays, students are faced with lots of challenges, of which the biggest one probably is managing their time. They just have so much to learn and their time is so limited.(如今，学生们面临着诸多挑战，其中最大的挑战或许就是如何合理安排时间。他们需要学习的内容太多，而可用的时间又如此有限)”可知，第一段总起，引出下文建议：如果你是为时间管理苦恼的学生，继续往下读。故E选项“如果你是那些在时间管理方面遇到困难的学生，请继续阅读”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据后文“Just like a full-time career, to be successful may require 8 hours each day. This still leaves 16 hours each day for sleep, sports, clubs, social and other activities.(就像一份全职工作一样，要想取得成功可能需要每天工作8个小时。这样还剩下每天16个小时用于睡眠、运动、参加社团活动、社交以及其他活动)”以及本段主题是把上学当作一份工作来对待，对应 C选项中“上学是他们的首要任务”。故C选项“如果学生是全日制注册学生，学校就是他们的主要职责所在”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Students need to prepare for and attend all their classes. Meanwhile, they also need to spend some time each week learning new things. So they are supposed to work on their courses regularly, at a time when their concentration is best and in a place where they won’t be disturbed.(学生们需要提前准备并参加所有的课程。同时，他们每周还需要花些时间学习新知识。因此，他们应该定期专注于自己的课程学习，选择自己注意力最集中的时间段，并在不会被打扰的地方进行学习)”可知，后文讲“提前准备并参加他们的所有课程/定期学习他们的课程内容”，对应每周花时间在每门课程上。故B选项“每周分配时间用于每门课程”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Plan each week and term. Students should have their own goals. But just having a goal is not enough.( 每周和每学期制定计划。学生们应当有自己的目标。但仅仅有目标是不够的)”可知，本段主题是“每周和每学期制定计划”，前句说“光有目标不够”，G选项讲要制定计划实现目标，完美衔接。故G选项“成功的学生会制定一个计划，以增加实现其目标的可能性”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Seek out support services. Students need to take responsibility for their learning but this does not mean doing everything on their own.(寻求帮助。学生需要对自己的学习负责，但这并不意味着要独自完成所有事情)”可知，本段主题是“寻求帮助”，对应 D选项“知道如何寻找并寻求帮助”。故D选项“独立学习的学生应当知道如何寻找并寻求帮助”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s 5:15 pm. Traffic came to a full stop. I was ____21____ before getting on the bridge. Looking at the rows of cars and trucks ahead, I started to ____22____ — 1, 2, 3 ... 299, 300, 301 — and I gave up. Suddenly I remembered I was one of the helpless drivers because of heavy traffic. But I stayed ____23____. When the cars did move, I moved carefully, ____24____ not to hit other vehicles. Finally, I ____25____ it onto the bridge. The traffic was still moving at a snail’s pace. Tired and hungry, I became a little ____26____. Just then, I heard a faint (微弱的) sound in the distance. The sound became louder and louder ____27____, until I could see an emergency vehicle ____28____ nearer from behind. What did we do? The bridge was packed. There’s no ____29____ for us to move. But I was wrong. Every single car quickly, yet carefully, ____30____ to the side. Without thinking, I followed suit. The lane (车道) remained ____31____ for a few seconds during which the ambulance flashed through. How did we do that? Despite our tiredness, we collectively decided to help the ____32____ who needed the time more desperately than we did. We drew on our compassion (同情心) and intelligence, ____33____ no directives (指令).Although I may seem alone ____34____ on the bridge, I’m connected to all the other ____35____. Together we could make the impossible possible. 21. A. frightened B. caught C. lost D. hidden 22. A. write B. add C. count D. read 23. A. speechless B. awake C. confused D. focused 24. A. signing up B. making sure C. setting off D. working out 25. A. made B. helped C. had D. found 26. A. nervous B. satisfied C. anxious D. disappointed 27. A. suddenly B. equally C. softly D. slowly 28. A. disappearing B. coming C. flashing D. rising 29. A. time B. bridge C. room D. directive 30. A. walked B. moved C. looked D. fell 31. A. open B. crowded C. narrow D. noisy 32. A. guest B. nurse C. doctor D. stranger 33. A. remembering B. avoiding C. requiring D. following 34. A. left B. stuck C. hired D. pointed 35. A. drivers B. vehicles C. passengers D. companions 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了堵车时众司机为救护车让行的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上桥之前我就被堵住了。A. frightened使害怕；B. caught抓住；C. lost丢失；D. hidden隐藏。根据前文“Traffic came to a full stop.”可知，交通完全停滞，所以作者在上桥前就被堵住了，be caught有“被困住、被堵住”的意思，符合语境。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着前面一排排的汽车和卡车，我开始数数——1，2，3……299，300，301——然后我放弃了。A. write写；B. add添加；C. count数数；D. read阅读。根据后文“1, 2, 3 ... 299, 300, 301”可知，作者开始数车。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我保持专注。A. speechless说不出话；B. awake醒着的；C. confused困惑的；D. focused专注的。根据后文“When the cars did move, I moved carefully”可知，作者虽然被堵，但仍然保持专注，小心驾驶。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当汽车移动时，我小心翼翼地移动，确保不撞到其他车辆。A. signing up报名；B. making sure确保；C. setting off出发；D. working out计算出。根据后文“not to hit other vehicles”可知，作者小心移动是为了确保不撞到其他车。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我成功上了桥。A. made制作、成功；B. helped帮助；C. had有；D. found找到。根据后文“it onto the bridge”以及语境可知，作者最终成功上了桥，make it表示“成功做成某事”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：又累又饿，我有点焦虑。A. nervous紧张的；B. satisfied满意的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. disappointed失望的。根据前文“Tired and hungry”可知，作者又累又饿，所以有点焦虑。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：声音逐渐变大，直到我能看到一辆急救车从后面越来越近。A. suddenly突然；B. equally平等地；C. softly柔软地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据前文“The sound became louder and louder”可知，声音是逐渐变大的，说明急救车是慢慢靠近的。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. disappearing消失；B. coming来；C. flashing闪烁；D. rising上升。根据后文“nearer from behind”可知，急救车是从后面驶来，越来越近。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有空间移动。A. time时间；B. bridge桥；C. room空间；D. directive指令。根据前文“The bridge was packed.”可知，桥上很拥挤，没有空间让急救车通过。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一辆车都迅速而小心地向路边移动。A. walked走路；B. moved移动；C. looked看；D. fell落下。根据后文“to the side”以及语境可知，每辆车都向路边移动，给急救车让路。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车道保持畅通了几秒钟，在这期间救护车疾驰而过。A. open畅通的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. noisy嘈杂的。根据后文“during which the ambulance flashed through”可知，救护车能够疾驰而过，说明车道是畅通的。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们很累，但我们集体决定帮助那些比我们更需要时间的陌生人。A. guest客人；B. nurse护士；C. doctor医生；D. stranger陌生人。根据前文“Every single car”以及语境可知，桥上的司机们彼此并不认识，对于彼此来说都是陌生人，但他们决定帮助需要帮助的陌生人。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们依靠同情心与智慧，无需指令就做到了。A. remembering记得；B. avoiding避免；C. requiring要求；D. following跟随、遵循。根据后文“no directives”可知，大家主动让行，不需要指令要求。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我似乎独自被困在桥上，但我和所有其他司机都有联系。A. left离开；B. stuck困住；C. hired雇佣；D. pointed指向。根据前文“I was one of the helpless drivers because of heavy traffic”以及语境可知，作者因为交通堵塞而被困在桥上。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drivers司机；B. vehicles车辆；C. passengers乘客；D. companions同伴。根据前文“Every single car”以及语境可知，桥上被困的是司机们，作者和他们都有联系，因为他们共同做出了让急救车通过的决定。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are countless rankings (排名) of difficult languages to learn. Now, we are talking about second-language learning here, not learning one’s native tongue. Some such rankings are ____36____ (official), like the Accreditedonlinecolleges.com ranking; others are official, for example, the DLI classification ____37____ (base) on the number of hours needed to achieve a certain level. The top spot in all these rankings ____38____ (give) to Chinese: Accreditedonlinecolleges.com lists Mandarin and Cantonese ____39____ (separate) as No.1 and No.2; the DLI classification includes Chinese in the most difficult group IV, ____40____Arabic, Japanese and Korean are also listed. But what are the main ____41____ (difficult) in learning Chinese? In addition to ____42____ unfamiliar writing system and many dialects, Chinese is difficult to learn because of the “exotic” sounds it has and especially its tone (声调) system. There are four tones in Mandarin and six tones in Cantonese. Besides, one other language in one of those lists of difficult-to-learn languages ____43____ (be) Icelandic. It is certainly true that many Icelandic phonemes (音素) don’t have exact English equivalents. Other challenges of Icelandic lie ____44____ its vocabulary and grammar. Icelandic is one of the most conservative North Germanic languages, and it is undoubtedly much ____45____ (close) to English, which makes it rather easier for an English speaker to learn. 【答案】36. unofficial 37. based 38. is given 39. separately 40. where 41. difficulties 42. an 43. is 44. in 45. closer 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了各类外语学习难度排名中，汉语稳居最难学语言榜首的原因，同时也提及冰岛语虽被列为难学语言，但对英语使用者而言学习难度更低的特点。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一些此类排名是非官方的，比如在线认证学院的排名；另一些则是官方的，例如基于达到一定水平所需学习时长的国防语言学院分类法。根据后句“others are official”的对比可知，此处表示“非官方的”，需将名词official转换为反义词unofficial，作表语。故填unofficial。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些此类排名是非官方的，比如在线认证学院的排名；另一些则是官方的，例如基于达到一定水平所需学习时长的国防语言学院分类法。此处为非谓语动词作定语，be based on为固定搭配，意为“基于……”，应用过去分词形式based。故填based。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：所有这些排名的榜首都被授予了汉语。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The top spot与give之间为被动关系，意为“被授予”，且主语为单数，故用一般现在时的被动语态is given。故填is given。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：在线认证学院将普通话和粤语分别列为第一名和第二名。此处修饰动词lists，应用副词作状语，将形容词separate转换为副词separately，意为“分别地”。故填separately。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：国防语言学院的分类将汉语归入最难的第四类，阿拉伯语、日语和韩语也被列入该类别。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是group IV，指抽象的地点范畴，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：但学习汉语的主要困难是什么呢？形容词main后接名词，且根据系动词are可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，将形容词difficult转换为名词difficulties，意为“困难之处”。故填difficulties。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：除了一套陌生的书写体系和众多方言外，汉语难学还因为它有着“独特的”发音，尤其是其声调体系。writing system为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一套陌生的书写体系”，为泛指；且unfamiliar是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 【43题详解】 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：此外，这些最难学语言榜单中还有一种语言是冰岛语。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语one other language为单数，故be动词用is。故填is。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：冰岛语的其他学习难点在于其词汇和语法。lie in为固定搭配，意为“在于”，故此处用介词in。故填in。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：冰岛语是最保守的北日耳曼语支之一，而且它无疑与英语的联系紧密得多，这让英语使用者学习它变得相当容易。根据空前的much和句意可知，此处表示比较含义，需将形容词close转换为比较级closer，much用来修饰比较级加强语气。故填closer。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 现在能流利讲方言的中学生越来越少。有语言学家预言，很多方言可能将在一两代人以后慢慢消失。请你写一篇文章，谈谈保护方言的重要性。 注意：写作词数应为100左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: It’s a disturbing fact that fewer and fewer students can speak their dialect fluently. According to some linguists, some dialects will die out after a generation or two, which raised my great concern. In my opinion, a dialect is an essential part of local culture, which is local residents’ cultural identity. If you can say a local expression, it can immediately close the distance between locals. In terms of the dialect itself, some expressions actually do not exist in Mandarin, nor does the pronunciation of some words. But they are precious heritage of local culture. Therefore, it’s urgent for us to save dialects. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生写一篇文章，谈谈保护方言的重要性。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人不安的：disturbing→disconcerting 当地的：local→native 立即：immediately→instantly 紧急的：urgent→pressing 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In terms of the dialect itself, some expressions actually do not exist in Mandarin, nor does the pronunciation of some words. 拓展句：Some expressions and the pronunciation of some words, which are unique to the dialect, do not exist in Mandarin. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s a disturbing fact that fewer and fewer students can speak their dialect fluently.（运用了that引导主语从句） 【高分句型2】If you can say a local expression, it can immediately close the distance between locals.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to be very active in sports and games when I was in primary school. I won the B Division long jump and was a good sprinter (短跑运动员). As a result, I was chosen to represent the school in the long jump and relay events at the District Sports Meet. Before the sports meet, I had put in a lot of hard work and dedication during the training sessions. I woke up early every morning to go for runs and did countless drills to improve my technique. My teammates and I supported and encouraged each other during training, pushing ourselves to do better and achieve our goals. The meet lasted two days, I had no events scheduled for the first day. So I kept myself busy by watching the others compete. Large tents were provided for the young competitors on one side of the track. Despite being assigned the last tent that was furthest from the track, I made the best of the situation by decorating it with our school colors and creating a supportive atmosphere. The next day, I was getting ready for my events. The long jump was scheduled for the early afternoon, followed by the 8×50m relay later in the afternoon. I thought I was a pretty good jumper, but as the competition began, I realized I was vastly outclassed. We finished our jumps, and I came in fourth place, just missing out on a medal. That was disappointing, but I reminded myself that we still had a chance in the 8×50m relay, for which I was assigned to run the fifth leg. The race date arrived. We filed into our assigned spots and prepared for the race. After a tense minute or so, I heard the starter’s gun go off. When the first runners took off, I watched nervously and excitedly as my team runners kept up with the others. As they got closer, I realized we were at least in second place. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My turn arrived and I took the baton (接力棒) cleanly and began my run. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As a result, I left the meet empty-handed. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My turn arrived and I took the baton (接力棒) cleanly and began my run. The air rushed past me as I moved closer to the next runner. Then disaster struck! I saw a boy run across the track into my path out of nowhere. I couldn’t get away from him fast enough. We were sent somersaulting over him after colliding with a crunch. Because I was young and agile, I was able to quickly pick myself up and continue the race. However, the collision cost us valuable time. I handed the baton to the next runner. I knew everything was lost when he ran with all his might, but it was too late. We’d blown our chance at a medal. As a result, I left the meet empty-handed. As a result, we just assumed it was bad luck. I, for one, felt terrible for letting the team down, but what was done was done, and we had no choice but to accept it. Anyway, it had been an eventful but unsatisfying day for me. And I learned about failure and success and how to deal with them, and I am grateful for the lessons. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小学的时候非常积极地参加体育和比赛，因此被选中代表学校参加地区运动会的单人跳和接力赛。比赛当天，作者单人跳只获得了第四名，无缘奖牌。而接力赛上又因为突发状况也错失奖牌。通过这次经历，作者学到了失败和成功以及如何应对它们，并很感激这些教训。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“到我了。我干净利落地接过接力棒，开始跑步。”可知，第一段可描写作者跑步过程中遇到的突发情况，以及突发情况导致作者错失奖牌。 ②由第二段首句内容“结果，我两手空空地离开了比赛。”可知，第二段可描写作者赛后的遗憾以及学到的教训。 2.续写线索：接棒——跑——意外——继续跑——无缘奖牌——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①靠近：move closer to /approach ②摆脱：get away from /keep away from ③递：hand/pass 情绪类 ①沮丧的：down /disappointed/upset ②感激的：grateful /thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1]Because I was young and agile, I was able to quickly pick myself up and continue the race.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） [高分句型2]I, for one, felt terrible for letting the team down, but what was done was done, and we had no choice but to accept it.（运用了what引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一英语 (120分钟　150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What happened to the boy? A.He lost his life. BHe was killed by a man. C.He was injured in an accident. 2.What does the man praise about the play? A.The dialogue. B.The music. C.The stage. 3.Who is the best at dancing? A.Lucy. B.Bill. C.Mike. 4.What does Matt think of the summer camp? A.It’s great. B.It’s boring. C.It’s tiring. 5.How old is the man’s sister? A.11. B.13. C.15. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What’s Anna doing now? A.She is writing an e-mail. B.She is talking on the phone. C.She is on holiday. 7.Which season is it in Australia now? A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Winter. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8.Why did Jane join the gardening club? A.She likes growing vegetables. B.She wants to be a gardener. C.She needs to research into peas. 9.Which vegetables does Jane like growing best? A.Cabbages. B.Carrots. C.Potatoes. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10.What does the woman order? A.Beef and cola. B.Noodles and juice. C.A hot dog and soup. 11.How much is the drink? A.5 yuan. B.20 yuan. C.25 yuan. 12.Where does the woman live? A.At Sunshine Restaurant. B.In Center Hotel. C.On Center Street. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13.Where are the speakers? A.In a bookstore. B.In a club. C.In a school. 14.What’s the man poor at? A.Keeping a diary. B.Singing songs. C.Writing English articles. 15.What do we know about the teachers in the club? A.They are experienced. B.They come from America. C.They enjoy listening to songs. 16.What can the man choose when filling in the form? A.The place of the course. B.The teacher of the course. C.The time of the course. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17.Who were the earliest newspapers first intended for? A.The writers. B.The pioneers. C.The public. 18Where was the first real newspaper started? A.In Germany. B.In England. C.In America. 19.When was the first English newspaper published? A.In 1609. B.In 1665. C.In 1704. 20.Which is called the first penny newspaper? A.Strassburg Relation. B.The New York Sun. C.The Boston News-Letter. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The New Jersey State Botanical (植物学的)Garden (NJBG) is a part of Ringwood State Park, New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry, Department of Environmental Protection. It appears on both the State and National Registers of Historic Places. Membership It’s easy to join NJBG or renew your membership—or a gift membership—online, by phone or by mail.And it’s very important to the Botanical Garden. Your membership dollars help to protect the Garden, and provide educational activities for the general public. Thank you for your support! To join or renew, please click on the section below for safe and convenient online payment. If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 to get more information. Membership Benefits NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit, with formal gardens, native woodlands, and about 5,000 species and varieties of trees, shrubs and flowers. Your NJBG membership allows you to buy plants at a reduced price at plant shops. Join NJBG Today New Member Individual Family Student Annual Dues (年度会费) $35 $60 $25 Biennial (两年一次的) Dues $60 $110 $40 Renew Membership Membership Renewal Individual Family Student Annual Dues $30 $50 $25 Biennial Dues $50 $90 $40 1. What’s the membership dollar used to do? A. Offer gardeners education. B. Provide service for the public. C. Build a new botanical museum. D. Set up NJBG’s payment system. 2. What advantage do the NJBG members have? A. Joining in activities for free. B. Visiting the Garden anytime. C. Buying plants at a lower price. D. Learning to care for a garden. 3. How much will you pay to get new NJBG family membership for two years? A. $60. B. $90. C. $100. D. $110. B Most of us probably don’t give a second thought to sitting down at our kitchen table but for some, that is not routine. John Michael Stagliano had just finished furnishing an apartment in Goose Creek, South Carolina, for a veteran (退伍军人) through his nonprofit, HomeAgain, when the veteran texted to thank him. “They were perhaps the most powerful words I had ever read,” says John. “It turned out that his spirits had been extremely low. He believed he was forgotten in this world. An empty apartment was a metaphor (隐喻) for his life. He was on the edge of breaking down in those days. Maybe it was the furniture, or perhaps it was knowing there were people who cared that made the difference.” “I see the world through a different prism now,” John adds. “I never knew the impact that a simple couch or kitchen table could have. Furniture can restore the dignity of a family.” Recalling the story brings a big smile to John’s face. That’s because this first-year computer science major student gains joy from helping others — something he’s been doing for most of his young life. His sister, Katie Stagliano, founded Katie’s Krops, a nonprofit growing vegetables and fruits to help people struggling with hunger. And John credits his sister with inspiring him toward a path of service, which began at the age of 4. When not studying, John manages the countless duties to run the nonprofit organization he established in his hometown at the age of 12. With donations and a group of volunteers, HomeAgain helps individuals and families by providing them with furnishings and housewares for their new places — nearly 600 people now. “With every move-in, I have changed,” he says. “I’ve found self-confidence and a realization that we all need to know that someone cares. For people who have lived in and out of shelters, to be home again is a victory, a sense of peace and something to be celebrated.” 4. Why did the veteran thank John? A. John rented an apartment for him. B. John sent furniture to him for nothing. C. John helped him move to a new place. D. John told him that people cared about him. 5. What contributes most to John’s choice to serve others? A. His sister’s influence. B. The joy from helping others. C. People struggling with hunger. D. Some powerful words he read. 6. How does John like his nonprofit experience? A. Challenging. B. Inspiring. C. Worthwhile. D. Troublesome. 7. What message does the text want to deliver? A. Kindness is a choice. B. Education begins a gentleman. C. Success is no accident. D. Home is a shelter from storms. C On a cold morning this fall,Adam Welz went through chest high grass in New York state’s Adirondack Park, pausing often to watch with his binoculars (双筒望远镜) and listen. The 6-million-acreAdirondack Park is one of the wildest places in the eastern United States. Welz, who lives in South Africa and spent years in New York, describes himself as an old-school naturalist who likes to dive into places full of living things. Smelling them, hearing them and accessing them are his approaches to understanding the wild world. The experience of wildness helps him think more clearly about climate and humans’ contribution to global warming. One of the probable dangers to this northern forest is that invasive (侵入的) insects are more easily able to spread because of milder, shorter winters. “Insects that previously were limited to the more southern parts are now moving into these colder areas of the Northeast, just with a tiny increase in winter minimum temperatures,” Welz notes. “They’re having massive effects on these woodlands.” Fortunately, there are many ways people and politicians can act to reduce the use of oil, coal and other fossil fuels, which remain the primary drivers of global warming. There are also ways to repair many of the already hurt ecosystems. One example is New York’s Adirondack Park, which has grown a lot wilder over the last century. Locals, environmentalists and government scientists created policies to protect wilderness areas and wildlife habitat from development. Along the way they made the park far more able to deal with climate change. “This is a much more diverse and stable system than it was a hundred years ago because of these efforts to protect certain areas and allow wild species to reestablish themselves,” Welz says. He hopes more people will connect to wild places like this, not only because they’re beautiful and hopeful, but also because we need to remember our dependence on the natural world for basic needs like food and water. 8. In which aspect does Welz benefit from visiting the park? A. Sharpening his five senses. B. Becoming an old-school naturalist. C. Improving both his physical and mental health. D. Having a clearer understanding of climate change. 9. What is a probable danger to the northern forest according to paragraph 3? A. Milder and shorter winter periods. B. Easier spread of non-native insects. C. Quicker disappearance of the woodlands. D. Continuous low temperatures in winter. 10. Why is Adirondack Park mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To prove human efforts effective. B. To praise the local government’s policies. C. To explain how the park has grown a lot wilder. D. To show how the park deals with climate change. 11. Which word best describes Welz’s opinion on the park now? A. Interested. B. Worried. C. Satisfied. D. Disappointed. D While in space, fluid-filled areas in the brains of astronauts fit in with microgravity by expanding (扩大). But after a space task, these structures might take three years to go back to normal, researchers report. At the brain’s center sit four ventricles (脑室) filled with liquid that protects the organ and clears out waste. But with little gravity in space, fluids increase in an astronaut’s head. So the ventricles take in more fluid and expand, says space scientist Rachael Seidler of the University of Florida. Researchers knew that astronauts often return to Earth with enlarged ventricles. But Seidler and colleagues wanted to see if time spent in space or time between two flights affects how much the brain changes during a space task. The team examined MRI (核磁共振) brain scans of 30 astronauts from before and after one of each astronaut’s tasks. Results showed that the longer the task, the more the ventricles seemed to expand. While two-week trips left a minimal mark on ventricles, 6 and 12-month missions resulted in more discernible enlargement. The two longer periods led to similar amounts of expansion, suggesting the expanding slows after six months in space. For the 18 astronauts who had flown before, time between tasks also made a difference. In those who last visited space three to nine years before, their ventricles expanded during the task. But ventricles grew little to none in astronauts whose last spaceflight took place less than three years before, which suggests their brains may not have had enough time between tasks to fully recover, the scientists say. “I’m glad that the researchers are looking at this question,” says neuroradiologist Donna Roberts of the Medical University of South Carolina. “There are so many variables that could play into the brain changes that we’re seeing.” Spaceflight’s effects on the brain are even more pressing now that NASA aims to send people to Mars, which could be a two-year round trip, she notes. “Everybody talks about the rocket technology to get to Mars, but the humans are the real difficult task.” 12. What happens to their brains when astronauts go into space? A. Their waste increases. B. Their liquid flows faster. C Their memory areas expand. D. Their ventricles become larger. 13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “discernible” in paragraph 4? A. Acceptable. B. Controllable. C. Noticeable. D. Dependable. 14. What does Donna think of sending people to Mars? A. It’s pressing. B. It makes her glad. C. It’s challenging. D. It has proven technology. 15. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Human brains function better in microgravity B. Astronauts need longer time between flights C. Spaceflights become more popular and pressing D. Space exploration faces technological challenges 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips on time management for students Nowadays, students are faced with lots of challenges, of which the biggest one probably is managing their time. They just have so much to learn and their time is so limited. ____16____. Treat school like a job. ____17____. Just like a full-time career, to be successful may require 8 hours each day. This still leaves 16 hours each day for sleep, sports, clubs, social and other activities. ____18____ Students need to prepare for and attend all their classes. Meanwhile, they also need to spend some time each week learning new things. So they are supposed to work on their courses regularly, at a time when their concentration is best and in a place where they won’t be disturbed. Plan each week and term. Students should have their own goals. But just having a goal is not enough. ____19____. Some tools are available at the Student Development Center to help students make plans, including Term calendars, Weekly planners. Seek out support services. Students need to take responsibility for their learning but this does not mean doing everything on their own. ____20____. They should also learn about the different student services and make good use of them. A. Try time management self-assessment B. Spend time on each course every week C. If students are registered full-time, school is their primary job D. Independent students should know how to find and ask for help E. If you are one of the students struggling with time managing, read on F. Keep in mind that a 40-hour workweek could take the form of five 8-hour days G. Successful students develop a plan to increase the likelihood that their goals are realized 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s 5:15 pm. Traffic came to a full stop. I was ____21____ before getting on the bridge. Looking at the rows of cars and trucks ahead I started to ____22____ — 1, 2, 3 ... 299, 300, 301 — and I gave up. Suddenly I remembered I was one of the helpless drivers because of heavy traffic. But I stayed ____23____. When the cars did move, I moved carefully, ____24____ not to hit other vehicles. Finally, I ____25____ it onto the bridge. The traffic was still moving at a snail’s pace. Tired and hungry, I became a little ____26____. Just then, I heard a faint (微弱的) sound in the distance. The sound became louder and louder ____27____, until I could see an emergency vehicle ____28____ nearer from behind. What did we do? The bridge was packed. There’s no ____29____ for us to move. But I was wrong. Every single car quickly, yet carefully, ____30____ to the side. Without thinking, I followed suit. The lane (车道) remained ____31____ for a few seconds during which the ambulance flashed through. How did we do that? Despite our tiredness, we collectively decided to help the ____32____ who needed the time more desperately than we did. We drew on our compassion (同情心) and intelligence, ____33____ no directives (指令).Although I may seem alone ____34____ on the bridge, I’m connected to all the other ____35____. Together we could make the impossible possible. 21. A. frightened B. caught C. lost D. hidden 22. A. write B. add C. count D. read 23. A. speechless B. awake C. confused D. focused 24. A. signing up B. making sure C. setting off D. working out 25. A. made B. helped C. had D. found 26. A. nervous B. satisfied C. anxious D. disappointed 27. A. suddenly B. equally C. softly D. slowly 28. A. disappearing B. coming C. flashing D. rising 29. A. time B. bridge C. room D. directive 30. A. walked B. moved C. looked D. fell 31. A. open B. crowded C. narrow D. noisy 32. A. guest B. nurse C. doctor D. stranger 33. A. remembering B. avoiding C. requiring D. following 34. A. left B. stuck C. hired D. pointed 35. A. drivers B. vehicles C. passengers D. companions 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are countless rankings (排名) of difficult languages to learn. Now, we are talking about second-language learning here, not learning one’s native tongue. Some such rankings are ____36____ (official), like the Accreditedonlinecolleges.com ranking; others are official, for example, the DLI classification ____37____ (base) on the number of hours needed to achieve a certain level. The top spot in all these rankings ____38____ (give) to Chinese: Accreditedonlinecolleges.com lists Mandarin and Cantonese ____39____ (separate) as No.1 and No.2; the DLI classification includes Chinese in the most difficult group IV, ____40____Arabic, Japanese and Korean are also listed. But what are the main ____41____ (difficult) in learning Chinese? In addition to ____42____ unfamiliar writing system and many dialects, Chinese is difficult to learn because of the “exotic” sounds it has and especially its tone (声调) system. There are four tones in Mandarin and six tones in Cantonese. Besides, one other language in one of those lists of difficult-to-learn languages ____43____ (be) Icelandic. It is certainly true that many Icelandic phonemes (音素) don’t have exact English equivalents. Other challenges of Icelandic lie ____44____ its vocabulary and grammar. Icelandic is one of the most conservative North Germanic languages, and it is undoubtedly much ____45____ (close) to English, which makes it rather easier for an English speaker to learn. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 现在能流利讲方言的中学生越来越少。有语言学家预言，很多方言可能将在一两代人以后慢慢消失。请你写一篇文章，谈谈保护方言的重要性。 注意：写作词数应为100左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to be very active in sports and games when I was in primary school. I won the B Division long jump and was a good sprinter (短跑运动员). As a result, I was chosen to represent the school in the long jump and relay events at the District Sports Meet. Before the sports meet, I had put in a lot of hard work and dedication during the training sessions. I woke up early every morning to go for runs and did countless drills to improve my technique. My teammates and I supported and encouraged each other during training, pushing ourselves to do better and achieve our goals. The meet lasted two days, I had no events scheduled for the first day. So I kept myself busy by watching the others compete. Large tents were provided for the young competitors on one side of the track. Despite being assigned the last tent that was furthest from the track, I made the best of the situation by decorating it with our school colors and creating a supportive atmosphere. The next day, I was getting ready for my events. The long jump was scheduled for the early afternoon, followed by the 8×50m relay later in the afternoon. I thought I was a pretty good jumper, but as the competition began, I realized I was vastly outclassed. We finished our jumps, and I came in fourth place, just missing out on a medal. That was disappointing, but I reminded myself that we still had a chance in the 8×50m relay, for which I was assigned to run the fifth leg. The race date arrived. We filed into our assigned spots and prepared for the race. After a tense minute or so, I heard the starter’s gun go off. When the first runners took off, I watched nervously and excitedly as my team runners kept up with the others. As they got closer, I realized we were at least in second place. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My turn arrived and I took the baton (接力棒) cleanly and began my run. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As a result, I left the meet empty-handed. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $