词法 名词 单复数、可数 不可数、所有格-2025-2026学年初中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

初中全国版词法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 寒假专版 名词：单复数（规则/不规则）、可数/不 可数、所有格（s/of结构) 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：可数名词与不可数名词的判断及修饰词使用 规则：可数名词有单复数形式，可被a/an、数词、many、few等修饰；不可数名词无复数形式，不 可被a/an、数词直接修饰，需用much、little、some、a lot of等修饰。 例题1：（选择，人教版七上期末真题改编）：I want to buy.一milk.Do you have any?A.aB.an C.some D.many (答案：C) 例题2：（填空）：There are two一on the table.(apple))(答案：apples) 考点二：规则名词复数的构成 规则：一般情况下在词尾加-s:以s,x,h,ch结尾的加-es;以“辅音字母+y”结尾的变y为i加-es: 以f/fe结尾的变ffe为v加-es。 例题1：（选择，外研版七上期末真题改编）：Thisismy一room.A.parents B.parent'sC.parents' D.parent (答案：C) 例题2： (填空)：There are five_in the classroom.(box) (答案：boxes) 考点三：不规则名词复数的特殊变化 规则：常见不规则变化如：man→men,woman-→vomen,child-一→children,.foot→feet,tooth→teeth, mouse→mice,sheep→sheep,fish一→fish（强调数量时也可用fishes)。 例题1： (选择，北师大版七上期末真题改编)：How many一are there in your family?A.people B.peoples C.person D.childs(答案：A) 例题2：（填空）：I have two一(foot).They are big. （答案：feet) 考点四：名词所有格Cs结构)的用法 1 初中全国版词法 【寒假专版】 B版考点精讲 规则：单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加'$：以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加'：表示两 者共有时，只在最后一个名词后加'$：表示各自所有时，每个名词后都加’$。 例题1：（选择，人教版七下期末真题改编）：This is一desk.A.TomB.Tom'sC.Toms D.Toms' (答案：B) 例题2：（填空）：These are_(Lucy and Lily)books.They are different.(答案：Lucy'sand Lily's) 考点五：名词所有格(of结构)的用法 规则：用于无生命名词或名词短语的所有关系，结构为“名词+of+名词”；表示“…的”时， of结构与’s结构可转换（有生命名词多用’s,无生命名词多用of)。 例题1：（选择，外研版七下期末真题改编）：The door一the classroom is red..A.inB.onC.ofD at （答案：C) 例题2：（填空）：This is a photo一my family. （答案：of) 考点六：单复数意义不同的名词辨析 规则：部分名词单复数意义不同，如：time(时间)一→times(次数/时代)，paper(纸)一→papers (试卷/文件)，room(房间)→rooms(空间)。 例题1： (选择，人教版七下期末真题改编)：I have no_to put the big sofa.A.room B.rooms C. place D.places (答案：A) 例题2： 考点综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.I need to buy_bread for breakfast.A.a B.an C.some D.many 2.There are three in the kitchen.A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.knife's 3.This is-bedroom.They share it.A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy's and Lily C.Lucy and Lily's D Lucy's and Lily's 4.How many_do you have?A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens 5.Thelegs are long.A.elephant B.elephants C.elephant's D.elephants' 二、语法填空 1.There are five_(box)on the shelf. 初中全国版词法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 2.I have two(foot).They hurt. 3.This is a photo_my new school 4.These are(Tom)books.He likes reading. 5.She has no_(time)to play games today. 三、句型转换 1.This is an apple.(改为复数句) 2.Those are their buses.(改为单数句) 3.The girl's name is Mary.(对划线部分提问) 4.These are Peter's pencils.(对划线部分提问) 四、篇章填空 Hello!This is a story about my family.Look at this photo:the man with glasses is my father.He is a doctor and works in a hospital.The woman next to him is my mother.She is a teacher and her 1.- (student)love her.I have two 2.-(brother).They are twins.Their 3.-(room)are very tidy.On the desk,there are some 4.-(book)and a photo 5.-our pet dog,Lucky.We all love him! 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.C2.C3.C4.C5.C 二、语法填空 1.boxes 2.feet 3.of 4.Tom's 5.time 三、句型转换 1.These are apples 2.That is their bus 3.What is the girl's name 3 初中全国版词法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 4.Whose pencils are these 四、篇章填空 1.students 2.brothers 3.rooms 4.books 5.of