Unit 3 Careers and skills 单元语法（名词性从句）练习-2025-2026学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第四册

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 3 Careers and skills 主语从句练习 一、单句语法填空 1．It seems obvious these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：很明显，这些因素使人类成为地球上最强大的动物。it是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 2．Now, does harm to our environment won’t escape being punished. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意：现在，任何对我们环境造成危害的人都难逃惩罚。分析句子可知，“______ does harm to our environment”是整个句子的主语，构成主语从句；从句中缺少主语，且结合句意表示“无论谁、任何……的人”，应用连接代词whoever引导该主语从句。故填whoever。 3．Human beings took it for granted their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决办法，但也许他们的内心可以成为更好的指引。“took it for granted that...”是固定结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。故填that。 4．You can find out or not they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连接词。句意：你能弄清楚他们是否准备好和你分摊买花的费用。whether...or not为固定结构，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。故填whether。 5．Word came a famous singer would soon visit our school. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有消息说一位著名歌手即将访问我们学校。空后内容是对Word的具体解释说明，为同位语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，应用 that 引导，且 that 在同位语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 6．The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：18 世纪的哲学家康德认为，宇宙最终是由不可知的物自体组成的。分析句子可知，句中“argued”后接宾语从句，从句“the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable”为完整的陈述句，不缺主语、宾语等成分，因此应用连接词“that”引导宾语从句，“that”在从句中不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用。故填that。 7．Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on you feel about your physical appearance. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：媒体的审美标准会对你如何看待自己的外表产生很大影响。设空处引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，引导词在从句中作方式状语，表示“如何；怎样”应用连接副词how引导该从句。故填how。 8．There is evidence those who can pursue their ambitions are more likely to succeed. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，那些能够追求自己抱负的人更有可能成功。分析句子可知，空格后是一个完整的句子，解释说明抽象名词“evidence” 的具体内容，因此需要用连词 “that”引导同位语从句。同位语从句中“those who can pursue their ambitions”为主语，“are more likely to succeed”为谓语部分，句子结构完整，不缺成分，故用“that”连接。故填that。 9．In English, it is popularly known as “thumbs up”, despite the fact the action is commonly performed with only one finger. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在英语中，它通常被称为“点赞”，尽管事实上这个动作通常只用一个手指来完成。设空处连接同位语从句，对抽象名词fact进行介绍说明，从句不缺少成分，也无实际意义，用that连接，故填that。 10．I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me. 【答案】why 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：我喜欢读书，因为它们能扩展我的知识。这就是我总是随身带一本书的原因。空格处引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，应该用连接副词why；that’s why…为固定句式，意为“这就是为什么……”。故填why。 11．In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey. This is he can make 72 changes, turning himself into different animals and objects. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：事实上，他有时甚至看起来都不像一只猴子。这是因为他能够做出 72 种变化，把自己变成各种不同的动物和物体。空处引导表语从句，在从句中作状语，表示原因，故应用连接副词 because。故填because。 12． is important is that as we enter a new lunar year people globally appreciate the cultural values embodied in such Chinese symbols as Loong. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：重要的是，随着我们进入一个新的农历年，全球人民都能欣赏到龙这样的中国象征所体现的文化价值。_______is important是连接词引导的主语从句，在该从句中作主语，指代一件事，要用连接代词what，what放在句首时首字母要大写。故填What。 13．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一种由火药和化合物混合而成的爆炸性物质，是使得烟花能够呈现出绚丽多彩的色彩和有趣的形状的物质。空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 14．In addition to their simple beauty, makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：除了其质朴的美之外，使土坯房令人称道的是它们无需借助电器就能“调节房屋温度”的能力。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指的是事物，故应用连接代词 what。故填what。 15．“This trend people visit places featured in the game will not just be a passing craze (狂热) but a long-term cultural and economic force,” an expert has predicted. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：一位专家预测道：“人们前往游戏中所描绘的地点这一趋势，绝不会只是一时的狂热，而会成为一种长期的、具有文化及经济影响力的潮流。”。空处引导同位语从句，具体说明了抽象名词trend的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用连接词that。故填that。 16．“As soon as I made the connection this might have had something to do with his young death,” Miller said. “Forty-nine. Of cancer. That just didn’t seem right. It didn’t seem right when it happened.” 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。米勒说：“我很快发现这个联系，这可能与他英年早逝有关。49岁死于癌症，感觉不太对劲。事情发生的时候，我感觉不对劲。”空处引导的同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，句意完整，所以用that引导该从句。故填that。 17．I walked over and asked him he wasn’t with the other children. 【答案】why 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我走过去问他为什么不和其他孩子在一起。此处空格后是宾语从句，结合句意，应用连接副词why引导宾语从句并在从句中作原因状语，故填why。 18．The problem is we can trust to be in charge of such an important project. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们能相信谁可以负责这么重要的项目。根据is可知，空处引导表语从句。从句we can trust to be in charge of such an important project中缺少trust的宾语，且指的是人，应用连接代词who或者whom引导。故填who/whom。 19．As the spokeswoman said, we should take action against them depends on what they will do. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：正如这位女发言人所说，我们是否应该对他们采取行动取决于他们将做什么。空处引导主语从句，又根据句意可知，空处表示“是否”，且位于句首，故应用whether引导该从句。故填whether。 20．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：今天上午在课堂上他一直在打哈欠。那是因为他昨天晚上写家庭作业熬夜到很晚。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，后面接表语从句，应用because引导该从句解释原因，故填because。 21． he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是亲自去参加会议还是派他儿子去参加会议还没有决定。空格处引导的是主语从句，由后面的or可知，这里表示一种选择，所以用whether引导。whether和or连用表示“是……还是……”，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Whether。 22．It’s good to know the flowers will be well looked after while we’re away. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：很高兴得知我们不在的时候, 这些花将会被很好地照顾。根据句子结构可知，动词know 之后接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且从句的意义完整，故用that引导该从句，故填that。 23．She is seriously ill, and we have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. 【答案】whatever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她病得很重，我们已经准备好不惜一切代价挽救她的生命。分析句子可知，空格处引导的是宾语从句，作“do”的宾语，且在从句中作“takes”的宾语，意为“无论什么”。“whatever”可在名词性从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，强调“任何事物”，符合语境。故填whatever。 24． Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some say it was a different place. 【答案】Where 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：中国伟大诗人李白的出生地为众人所知，但也有人认为其出生地另有他处。空格处引导主语从句，由but some say it was a different place可知，句子表示“中国伟大诗人李白的出生地为众人所知”，空格处在主语从句中作地点状语，意为“……的地方”，用连接副词where引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Where。 25．He refused to follow our advice he should be active in various activities. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他拒绝听从我们提出的他应该在各种活动中活跃些的建议。引导同位语从句，解释说明advice的具体内容，又因为同位语从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导。故填that。 26．I am fairly confident everything will come out right in time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我坚信一切终究都会好起来。句中“am fairly confident”后为宾语从句，从句“everything will come out right in time”句意完整，成分完整，因此应用that来引导该从句，that在从句中不充当成分，也无实际意义，仅起连接作用。故填that。 27．Word came their hard work paid off and they won first prize. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：消息传来，他们的努力得到了回报，他们获得了一等奖。空处引导同位语从句，解释抽象名词word的具体内容；从句不缺成分，且语义完整，故使用引导词that。故填that。 28．One author mentions she has always liked ambitious people because she finds talking with those people is interesting. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一位作家提到，她一直喜欢有雄心壮志的人，因为她发现和这些人交谈很有趣。空处引导宾语从句，作动词mentions的宾语；从句不缺少任何成分或含义，应用连接词that引导宾语从句。故填that。 29．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这只狗只用了一个周末就学会的是，它可以如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界。is后为表语从句，结合语意，此处表示的是狗学会如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界，所以空处应用how引导表语从句。故填how。 30．Children have no ability to pick out type of toys is suitable for them. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：孩子们没有能力辨别出哪种类型的玩具适合他们。pick out后接宾语从句，从句中缺少修饰“type of toys”的定语，what引导宾语从句时，可在从句中作定语，表“什么；哪种”，故填what。 31．It is still under discussion the messy old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这个杂乱的旧汽车站是否应该被一座现代化的酒店所取代还在讨论中。It为形式主语，空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语，主语从句的成分完整，结合“or not”可知，空处需表达“是否”，应用连接词whether作引导词。故填whether。 32．No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in we now know as California. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：没有人确切知道第一批人是什么时候到达我们现在所知的加州的。空处引导宾语从句，作in的宾语，引导词在从句中作know的宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 33．The ongoing debate over the restored Ming City Wall in Nanjing should allow night tours reflect citizens’ demands for both heritage preservation and cultural consumption. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：关于南京修复后的明城墙是否应该开放夜间游览的持续争论，反映了市民对遗产保护和文化消费的双重需求。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，此处作介词宾语，只能用whether引导。故填whether。 34．Three universities in Australia have adopted seems like a landmark policy. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：澳大利亚的三所大学采取了一项似乎具有里程碑意义的政策。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 35．None of the children raised the doubt about the leprechaun (妖精) was real or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：没有一个孩子对小妖精的真实与否提出怀疑。空处引导名词性从句作about的宾语，结合“or not”可知，空处需表达“是否”，应用连接词whether作引导词。故填whether。 36．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：所有的准备工作都已完成，但仍有部分人对一切能否按计划进行表示怀疑。引导同位语从句，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 37．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：随着我们对宇宙了解的增多，我们也许有一天能回答其他星球上是否有生命这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空格后是同位语从句，解释说明“the question”的具体内容，从句结构完整，且表示“是否”的含义，应用连接词whether来引导。故填whether。 38．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有时我会有一种不安的感觉，觉得这台小机器占用了我太多时间。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词feeling的具体内容，从句结构完整、意义明确，应用that来引导，that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 39．Tom got stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late for the meeting. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：汤姆因交通堵塞被困，这就是他开会迟到的原因。根据句子结构，此处需要一个连接词引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“为什么”符合逻辑，所以此处使用连接副词why。故填why。 40．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills maintains technological advances. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：苹果公司之所以能在海外智能手机行业占据最大的市场份额，是因为它仍然保持着技术上的领先。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导表语从句，解释reason的具体内容，从句是一个陈述句，成分完整，应填that；名词reason作主语时，其表语从句使用that引导，The reason....is that....句型。故填that。 二、完成句子 41．Festivals help us understand , and . 节日有助于我们明白我们来自何方，我们是谁以及感恩什么。 【答案】 where we came from who we are what to appreciate 【详解】考查宾语从句，“疑问词+不定式”和时态。第一空，表示“我们来自何方”，用where引导宾语从句，表示“我们”用we，表示“来自”用come from，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时；表示“我们是谁”，用who we are，描述客观事实，用一般现在时；表示“感恩”用appreciate，表示“什么”用what，表示“感恩什么”用what to appreciate。故填①where we came from；②who we are；③what to appreciate。 42． he is heavily in debt. 据传闻他负债累累。 【答案】It is whispered that 【详解】考查固定句型和被动语态。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，根据句意，此处表示“据传闻”需用固定句型it is whispered that...，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，whisper用被动形式表示“被私下谈论、被传闻”，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填It is whispered that。 43．The reason why we must take measures to protect the ocean is . 我们必须采取措施来保护海洋的原因是它的污染正变得越来越严重。 【答案】that its pollution is becoming more and more serious 【详解】考查表语从句和时态。“The reason why...is that...”是常用句式，意为“……的原因是……” ，that引导表语从句。“它的污染”是its pollution ，“正变得越来越严重”，描述正在发生的情况，用现在进行时is becoming more and more serious 。故填that its pollution is becoming more and more serious。 44．The reason she is good at English is she often watches American shows. 她英语好的原因是她经常看美剧。 【答案】 why that 【详解】考查固定句式。表示“原因是……”用the reason why...is that...，是固定句式。the reason后接why引导的定语从句，is后接that引导的表语从句阐述原因内容，故答案为：①why；②that。 45．Can you tell me the storm yesterday? 你能告诉我昨天的暴风雨冲走了什么吗? 【答案】 what swept away 【详解】考查宾语从句及固定短语。根据句意，“Can you tell me”后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，用what引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语；“冲走”为固定短语sweep away，根据时间状语yesterday可知，此处为一般过去时，所以谓语动词为sweep的过去式swept。故填①what②swept③away。 46． does it to book flight tickets early? 为什么提前预订机票是明智的? 【答案】 Why make sense 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“为什么”应用疑问词副词why，首字母大写；表示“明智”可用短语make sense，此处为特殊疑问句，应用动词原形。故填①Why；②make；③sense。 47．No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can . 无论怎样精打细算，都没人能够预测何时会发生意料之外的事。 【答案】predict when the unexpected will happen 【详解】考查动词和从句。“预测”表达为predict ；when引导宾语从句，表“何时”；the unexpected指“意外的事”；“会发生”用一般将来时will happen 。情态动词can后接动词原形，故填predict when the unexpected will happen。 48．The students decided . 学生们认为这些规则限制性太强了。 【答案】the rules were too restrictive 【详解】考查宾语从句。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“这些规则限制性太强了”；“学生们决定”后面接省略了that的宾语从句，“这些规则”翻译为the rules，在从句中作主语；“是”根据语境用一般过去时，翻译为were；“限制性太强了”即“太具有限制性了”，翻译为too restrictive，作表语。故填the rules were too restrictive。 49．Don’t you know all the answers — no one will believe you. 别假装你知道所有答案，没人会相信的。 【答案】 pretend that 【详解】考查动词和宾语从句。“假装”使用动词pretend，空后是宾语从句，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导。Don’t后接动词原形。故填①pretend②that。 50． , you can put an umbrella in your bag. 如果你不确定明天是否会下雨, 你可以在包里放把伞。 【答案】If you are not sure whether it will rain tomorrow 【详解】考查状语从句和宾语从句。“if”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”从句为一般现在时，表示将来。根据中文“不确定”用“be not sure”，“是否会下雨”用“whether it will rain” 作宾语，“tomorrow”表时间，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填If you are not sure whether it will rain tomorrow。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 3 Careers and skills 主语从句练习 一、单句语法填空 1．It seems obvious these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. 2．Now, does harm to our environment won’t escape being punished. 3．Human beings took it for granted their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide. 4．You can find out or not they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you. 5．Word came a famous singer would soon visit our school. 6．The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. 7．Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on you feel about your physical appearance. 8．There is evidence those who can pursue their ambitions are more likely to succeed. 9．In English, it is popularly known as “thumbs up”, despite the fact the action is commonly performed with only one finger. 10．I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me. 11．In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey. This is he can make 72 changes, turning himself into different animals and objects. 12． is important is that as we enter a new lunar year people globally appreciate the cultural values embodied in such Chinese symbols as Loong. 13．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. 14．In addition to their simple beauty, makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. 15．“This trend people visit places featured in the game will not just be a passing craze (狂热) but a long-term cultural and economic force,” an expert has predicted. 16．“As soon as I made the connection this might have had something to do with his young death,” Miller said. “Forty-nine. Of cancer. That just didn’t seem right. It didn’t seem right when it happened.” 17．I walked over and asked him he wasn’t with the other children. 18．The problem is we can trust to be in charge of such an important project. 19．As the spokeswoman said, we should take action against them depends on what they will do. 20．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 21． he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided. 22．It’s good to know the flowers will be well looked after while we’re away. 23．She is seriously ill, and we have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. 24． Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some say it was a different place. 25．He refused to follow our advice he should be active in various activities. 26．I am fairly confident everything will come out right in time. 27．Word came their hard work paid off and they won first prize. 28．One author mentions she has always liked ambitious people because she finds talking with those people is interesting. 29．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. 30．Children have no ability to pick out type of toys is suitable for them. 31．It is still under discussion the messy old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 32．No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in we now know as California. 33．The ongoing debate over the restored Ming City Wall in Nanjing should allow night tours reflect citizens’ demands for both heritage preservation and cultural consumption. 34．Three universities in Australia have adopted seems like a landmark policy. 35．None of the children raised the doubt about the leprechaun (妖精) was real or not. 36．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. 37．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. 38．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time. 39．Tom got stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late for the meeting. 40．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills maintains technological advances. 二、完成句子 41．Festivals help us understand , and . 节日有助于我们明白我们来自何方，我们是谁以及感恩什么。 42． he is heavily in debt. 据传闻他负债累累。 43．The reason why we must take measures to protect the ocean is . 我们必须采取措施来保护海洋的原因是它的污染正变得越来越严重。 44．The reason she is good at English is she often watches American shows. 她英语好的原因是她经常看美剧。 45．Can you tell me the storm yesterday? 你能告诉我昨天的暴风雨冲走了什么吗? 46． does it to book flight tickets early? 为什么提前预订机票是明智的? 47．No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can . 无论怎样精打细算，都没人能够预测何时会发生意料之外的事。 48．The students decided . 学生们认为这些规则限制性太强了。 49．Don’t you know all the answers — no one will believe you. 别假装你知道所有答案，没人会相信的。 50． , you can put an umbrella in your bag. 如果你不确定明天是否会下雨, 你可以在包里放把伞。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $