精品解析：安徽宣城市2025-2026学年度第一学期期末检测高一英语试题

2025—2026学年度第一学期期末检测 高一英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。 3. 请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4. 保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Mary feel about her job? A. It’s tiring. B. It’s difficult. C. It’s pleasing. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Strangers. C. Boss and secretary. 3. Why does the woman enjoy speaking to David? A. He knows a lot. B. He often gets good grades. C. He studies medicine. 4. Who was Brunel? A. A boxer. B. An engineer. C. A manager. 5. What did the woman do last night? A. She ate out. B. She went fishing. C. She made soup. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man speak to the woman? A. To ask for advice. B. To express thanks. C. To offer an invitation. 7. What does the woman plan to do? A. Go to the store. B. Make a call. C. Give some instructions. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why did the man make tea? A. To color the paper. B. To treat his friend. C. To prepare breakfast. 9. How did the man mark the location of the treasure? A. By drawing a circle. B. By making a cut. C. By writing a big X. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Watch a show. B. Play a game. C. Read a book. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man doing probably? A. Hosting a program. B. Doing a job interview. C. Having a meeting. 12. What does the woman often drink in the morning? A. Milk. B. Fruit juice. C. Vegetable soup. 13. How many specific countries does the woman mention? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How does the man sound in the beginning? A. Excited. B. Angry. C. Upset. 15. What does the woman think might be the reason for the students’ quietness? A. Lack of interest. B. Sleepiness. C. Cultural differences. 16. What should the man ask the students to do according to the woman? A. Discuss communication styles. B. Design different activities. C. Collect reading materials. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker mainly focus on about extreme sports? A. Their development. B. Their popularity. C. Their cultural meaning. 18. Who first developed the sport of surfing? A. The Spanish explorers. B. The African workers. C. The Hawaiian people. 19. What does the speaker want to show by mentioning kite surfing? A. It applies new safety equipment. B. It unites two ancient sports. C. It is catching attention. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude to extreme sports? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Unclear. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A During the 2024-25 flu season, about 1. 3 million people were in hospital because of influenza (流感). A dietitian named Samantha Heller points out that it is very important to eat foods that make our immune system stronger, especially because getting older makes our body less able to fight diseases. There are four great foods that can strengthen our immune system in winter: Beans Beans have plenty of zinc (锌), which helps make more white blood cells to fight illnesses. If people do not get enough zinc, their immune system will not work well. Clinical dietitian Anna Taylor suggests eating at least half a cup of cooked beans three times a week. This can keep healthy zinc levels in the body and stop the immune system from becoming weak. Berries Berries are rich in vitamin C, which also contributes to making more white blood cells. A 2018 study showed that eating berries can increase disease-fighting cells in older adults, such as natural killer cells and T cells. Taylor thinks berries are one of the best foods to support immunity (免疫力). Sweet potatoes Sweet potatoes are rich in beta-carotene, which is good for our breathing health, and also helps the body make more immune cells. Taylor says sweet potatoes are very important for older people. As they age, their immune systems produce fewer immune cells. She advises baking sweet potatoes with olive oil and black pepper. Nuts and seeds Nuts and seeds, especially walnuts, are high in vitamin E. Vitamin E helps the immune system grow more T cells to fight diseases. Clinical nutritionist Kate Cohen says walnuts are the best choice among nuts. They have alpha-linolenic acid (亚麻酸), which supports immunity and is not found in most other nuts. So walnuts work better to improve immunity than other nuts. Eating these foods can help you build a stronger immune system, and better protect you from the flu and other winter illnesses. 1. How often does Taylor recommend eating cooked beans to improve immunity? A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week. D. Three times a week. 2. Why are walnuts a better immune-improving choice than other nuts? A. Because they have a unique content of alpha-linolenic acid. B. Because they contain the most vitamin E among all nuts. C. Because they better help the growth of T cells. D. Because they can directly kill flu viruses. 3. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To make readers aware of the importance of diet. B. To explain the seriousness of the 2024-25 flu season. C. To introduce four foods that improve immunity against the flu. D. To compare the health values of different flu-fighting foods. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种有助于在冬季增强免疫系统、预防流感的食物及其功效。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Beans部分“Clinical dietitian Anna Taylor suggests eating at least half a cup of cooked beans three times a week.(临床营养师安娜・泰勒建议每周食用三次熟豆类，每次至少半杯。)” 可知，泰勒建议每周吃三次熟豆类来提高免疫力，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Nuts and seeds部分“They have alpha-linolenic acid (亚麻酸), which supports immunity and is not found in most other nuts.(它们含有亚麻酸，这种物质有助于增强免疫力，且在大多数其他坚果中不存在。)” 可知，核桃比其他坚果更能提升免疫力是因为含有独特的亚麻酸，故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第一段“There are four great foods that can strengthen our immune system in winter: (有四种很棒的食物可以在冬季增强我们的免疫系统：)” 以及最后一段“Eating these foods can help you build a stronger immune system, and better protect you from the flu and other winter illnesses.(食用这些食物有助于你建立更强的免疫系统，更好地保护你免受流感和其他冬季疾病的侵袭。)” 可知，本文的主要目的是介绍四种提高免疫力、预防流感的食物，故选C。 B The skies had never seen a pilot like Bessie Coleman before. She was the first African- American woman to get an international pilot’s license. But as a Black woman in the 1920s, she faced many challenges because of her race and gender. She would say that “the air is the only place free from prejudice (偏见) .” Coleman was born in Atlanta, Texas, on January 26, 1892. After graduating from a high school for black children, she went to Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University in 1910 but had to drop out because she didn’t have the money to pay for school. She then moved to Chicago, Illinois, in 1915 and worked in a barber shop painting fingernails. When her brother John returned from fighting in France during World War I, he told stories of the freedom that women overseas enjoyed. They could be pilots, he said. That inspired Bessie’s new dream: to be a female pilot. She saved up money and applied to U. S. flight schools. But no school accepted her because she was Black and a woman. Finally, Robert Abbott, the publisher of an African- American newspaper, suggested she try schools in France. She learned French, left the United States, and started learning in the Cauldron Brothers’ School of Aviation in Le Crotoy, France. She earned her international pilot’s license on June15, 1921, within a year of study. Afterward she studied stunt flying (特技飞行) across Europe. When she returned to the United States in 1922 as an aerial acrobat (空中杂技演员) , Coleman amazed Black and white audiences with her wonderful skills. She also used her fame to fight racism, refusing to fly in shows that forced Black and white audiences to enter through different gates. In 1923, Coleman experienced a bad accident that left her with a broken leg. But soon she recovered and started doing stunts at air shows again. Her goal was to open a school for Black pilots, but she never realized that dream. On April 30, 1926, she died in a plane accident. But her brave skills of flight have inspired a group of Black women pilots who came after her and journeyed to the sky. 4. Why did Bessie Coleman drop out of the university? A. Because she wanted to learn to fly planes. B. Because she couldn’t afford the university. C. Because she moved to Chicago with her family. D. Because she was not allowed to study for her race. 5. What can we know from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A. French women were professional pilots. B. John encouraged Bessie to fight in World War I. C. Women in France had more freedom than those in the US. D. French flight schools welcomed all international students. 6. What did Bessie Coleman do to fight racism? A. She set up flight schools specially for Black people. B. She shared her flying experiences to inspire Black people. C. She only performed in air shows that welcomed all races equally. D. She refused to perform in air shows that separated Black and white viewers. 7. What’s the author’s attitude towards Bessie Coleman? A. Admiring. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Unclear. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贝西·科尔曼的生平事迹，她作为首位获得国际飞行员执照的非裔美国女性，克服了种族和性别的重重障碍，在航空领域取得了卓越成就。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“After graduating from a high school for black children, she went to Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University in 1910 but had to drop out because she didn’t have the money to pay for school.(从黑人儿童高中毕业后，她于1910年进入俄克拉荷马州有色人种农业师范大学，但因没钱支付学费而不得不辍学。)”可知，贝西·科尔曼因为上不起大学而退学。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“When her brother John returned from fighting in France during World War I, he told stories of the freedom that women overseas enjoyed. They could be pilots, he said.(当她的哥哥约翰从第一次世界大战中的法国战场回来时，他讲述了海外女性享有的自由。他说，她们可以成为飞行员。)”和第四段提到“But no school accepted her because she was Black and a woman.(但因为没有学校接受她，因为她是黑人和女性。)”可知，从第三段和第四段我们可以知道法国的女性比美国的女性拥有更多的自由。故选C。 6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“She also used her fame to fight racism, refusing to fly in shows that forced Black and white audiences to enter through different gates.(她还利用自己的名气对抗种族主义，拒绝在强迫黑人和白人观众从不同入口进入的表演中飞行。)”可知，贝西·科尔曼通过拒绝在将黑人和白人观众分开的航空表演中表演来对抗种族主义。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But her brave skills of flight have inspired a group of Black women pilots who came after her and journeyed to the sky.(但她勇敢的飞行技巧激励了一群追随她的黑人女飞行员，她们踏上了天空之旅。)”并结合上文可知，作者详细描述了贝西·科尔曼如何克服重重困难，成为首位获得国际飞行员执照的非裔美国女性，以及她如何利用自己的影响力对抗种族主义，由此可推测出作者对贝西·科尔曼的态度是钦佩的。故选A。 C In many parts of the world, autumn brings cooler weather and a beautiful change — leaves on some trees turn from green to bright shades of yellow, orange, and red. But those colors are short-lived before leaves fall off their trees. Have you ever wondered why this happens? It’s all part of how the plants prepare for winter. Trees spend much of the year turning sunshine into food through photosynthesis (光合作用). This process relies on a green pigment (色素) in leaves called chlorophyll (叶绿素). But as autumn approaches, days get shorter and nights get colder. Plants can no longer make enough chlorophyll to keep their leaves green. Instead, they break down chlorophyll into smaller parts and then take them in. This saves energy because plants don’t have to make chlorophyll from the very beginning when spring comes. When chlorophyll dies away, other pigments in the leaves start to show. These pigments not only create beautiful colors but also protect leaves from being eaten by insects or damaged by sunlight. At the same time, these trees stop putting effort into holding on to their leaves. Getting rid of their leaves can help trees keep water in their bodies over winter. It also allows strong winds to blow more easily through trees’ branches, putting less stress on them. However, not all trees let go of their autumn leaves so easily. For example, some willows (柳树) may hold on to their leaves all winter. This can help protect their branches from hungry animals. Conifer (针叶树) trees likewise keep their needles year-round. Needles can bear the cold more easily than leaves do. So it costs conifers less energy to hang on to their needles than to remove and regrow them yearly. Have a close look at the trees outside your own window when the leaves change in autumn and fall to the ground. By collecting data on your local biodiversity (生物多样性), you can contribute to citizen science projects. Plus, spending time with nature can cheer you up — something many of us need as the days grow darker and colder. 8. What contributes to the leaves of some trees changing colors in autumn? A. Insects eating up the green pigment in leaves. B The sunlight being not strong enough in autumn. C. Trees needing more energy to make new green pigments. D. Chlorophyll in leaves disappearing and other pigments appearing. 9. What is the advantage for trees to remove leaves in winter? A. It can help trees take in more sunlight easily. B. It can make trees grow new leaves quickly in spring. C. It can protect trees’ branches from being eaten by animals. D. It can help trees keep water and reduce stress from strong winds. 10. What can we learn about conifer trees from the passage? A. They lose their needles every autumn like other trees. B. Their needles are not able to stand cold winter weather. C. They keep their needles all year round for energy saving. D. They need to consume more energy to keep needles than regrow them. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. We can only enjoy the beauty of autumn leaves by watching them. B. Getting close to nature is helpful for our mental health in autumn. C. The days in autumn are bright and warm for people to go out. D. Citizen science projects only need data about autumn leaves. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了秋天树叶变色是因为叶绿素分解、其他色素显现。树木落叶是为了保水、减少风压。不同树木过冬方式不同，亲近秋日自然还能改善心情。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When chlorophyll dies away, other pigments in the leaves start to show.(当叶绿素逐渐消失后，叶子中的其他色素便会开始显现出来)”可知，树叶中的叶绿素消失，而其他色素显现出来导致一些树木的叶子在秋天会变色。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Getting rid of their leaves can help trees keep water in their bodies over winter. It also allows strong winds to blow more easily through trees’ branches, putting less stress on them.(掉树叶有助于树木在冬季保存体内水分。此外，这还能让强风更顺畅地穿过树枝，从而减轻树木的压力)”可知，树木在冬季落叶可以有助于树木保持水分，并减轻强风带来的压力。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Needles can bear the cold more easily than leaves do. So it costs conifers less energy to hang on to their needles than to remove and regrow them yearly.(针叶植物的针叶比叶子更能耐受寒冷。因此，针叶植物保存针叶所需的能量要少于每年脱落并重新长出针叶所消耗的能量)”可知，针叶树全年都保持针叶状态，以实现节能。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Plus, spending time with nature can cheer you up — something many of us need as the days grow darker and colder.(此外，与大自然接触能让你心情愉悦——在天气渐趋阴冷的日子里，这一点对我们来说尤为重要)”可推知，在秋天亲近大自然对我们的心理健康有益。故选B。 D Iceland lies across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a dividing line between two of Earth’s crustal (地壳的) plates which are moving apart. That allows hot, liquid rock called magma to well up easily from the depths. Iceland also sits just below the Arctic circle and enjoys glacier-friendly cold temperatures, housing 34 active volcanoes (火山), half buried under ice up to 1 km thick. As the climate warms, these glaciers are melting (融化). Glaciers bear down on the Earth’s crust, squeezing (挤压) the underlying rock and raising its melting point. Remove the ice and the rock bounces back, easing pressure. This lowers the melting point, increasing magma formation, which then erupts as lava. Some predict the glaciers will disappear in two centuries, which could upset the volcanoes below, causing them to erupt more frequently, more wildly or both. Early geological data suggests Iceland now produces two or three times more magma than a century ago. Some volcanoes like Grimsvotn and Bardarbunga have grown more active, while others like Katla have stayed quiet for over a century but may erupt more wildly. History supports this link: some 10, 000 years ago, after thick ice melted away during the last ice age, there were 30 to 50 times more volcanic eruptions in Iceland. This isn’t unique to Iceland — Antarctica, Alaska, and the Andes are similarly affected, with around 250 volcanoes under or near ice. Research published in 2020 suggests that though only 20, 000 people live within 5 km of an affected volcano, 160 million people within 100 km of one face risks like water shortages and mudslides. And people need not live nearby to be affected. When Eyjafjallajokull, a small volcano by Icelandic standards, erupted 15 years ago, it sent into the atmosphere an ash cloud enough to cause six days of air travel problems. In the late 18th century, Laki, another Icelandic volcano, poured out so much sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ash that some historians suggest crop failures precipitated by the resulting drop in temperatures helped lead to the French revolution. 12. What makes magma easy to well up in Iceland? A. Being on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. B. The thick ice covering volcanoes. C. Its location near the Arctic circle. D. The frequent volcanic eruptions. 13. What does the underlined word “precipitated” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Caused. B. Prevented. C. Recorded. D. Discovered. 14. What is the best title of the passage? A. Iceland may experience active volcanoes. B. Global warming may have volcanic results. C. Volcanic eruptions may cause serious problems. D. Glacier melting may lead to land moving quickly. 15. Where is this passage most probably from? A. A natural travel blog. B. A fictional novel. C. A scientific magazine. D. A weather forecast report. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了冰岛因位于大西洋中脊而地壳活动频繁，同时全球变暖导致冰川融化，进而可能引发更多火山喷发的现象，并指出这一现象不仅限于冰岛，还可能对全球产生广泛影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Iceland lies across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a dividing line between two of Earth’s crustal plates which are moving apart. That allows hot, liquid rock called magma to well up easily from the depths.(冰岛横跨大西洋中脊，这是地球地壳两个板块之间的分界线，这两个板块正在分离。这使得被称为岩浆的炽热液态岩石能够轻易地从深处喷涌而出。)”可知，冰岛位于大西洋中脊，这使得岩浆容易喷涌而出。故选A。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“In the late 18th century, Laki, another Icelandic volcano, poured out so much sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ash(18世纪末，另一座冰岛火山拉基喷出了大量的二氧化硫和火山灰)”和下文“the resulting drop in temperatures helped lead to the French revolution(温度下降所导致的作物歉收帮助引发了法国大革命)”可知，火山喷发造成气温下降，这导致粮食歉收，从而助推法国大革命。由此可知，precipitated的意思是“导致”。故选A。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“As the climate warms, these glaciers are melting. Glaciers bear down on the Earth’s crust, squeezing the underlying rock and raising its melting point. Remove the ice and the rock bounces back, easing pressure. This lowers the melting point, increasing magma formation, which then erupts as lava.(随着气候变暖，这些冰川正在融化。冰川压在地球地壳上，挤压下面的岩石，提高其熔点。去掉冰层，岩石就会反弹，减轻压力。这会降低熔点，增加岩浆的形成，然后岩浆会以熔岩的形式喷发。)”和最后一段“This isn’t unique to Iceland — Antarctica, Alaska, and the Andes are similarly affected, with around250 volcanoes under or near ice.(这并不是冰岛独有的现象——南极洲、阿拉斯加和安第斯山脉也受到类似影响，冰下或冰附近有大约250座火山。)”可知，本文主要讨论的是全球变暖可能会产生火山后果。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讨论了冰岛因位于大西洋中脊而地壳活动频繁，同时全球变暖导致冰川融化，进而可能引发更多火山喷发的现象，并指出这一现象不仅限于冰岛，还可能对全球产生广泛影响，由此可知，这篇文章最可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Did you know we lose half our friends every seven years? The most common reason we do isn’t that we’ve become basically incompatible (不相容的). It’s because we’re no longer in the same place at the same time. ___16___ . We need something called “shared social contexts (环境)” for them to continue. The problem, however, may not be that friendships commonly decrease in closeness over time. ___17___. One study found that reaching out to a friend whom we haven’t spoken to in a while is just as uncomfortable as reaching out to a stranger. Another study on long-distance friendships showed when we assume that a friendship is “flexible” and not “fragile (脆弱的),” it’s more long-lasting. ___18___ . This means that if we haven’t spoken to a friend in a while, we should assume that we can still reconnect at any time. About half of friendships did not increase in closeness straight. They went through ups and downs. ___19___ . About a quarter of close friendships turned into casual ones gradually at some time point, but then ended up transforming into best friendships later on. How do we get ourselves to reach out to these old friends? We need supporting strategies. One study involved having people send several messages to present friends, and then they were given time to text a message to an old friend. When they practiced starting contact with old friends, they were more likely to reach out to the old friend. ___20___ . You still share memories, history, and an awareness that you have the possibility to like each other, because you have in the past. Friendships don’t end as much as fall asleep, and a simple check- in can wake them back up. A. Many of our friendships are actually “locationships” B. Your no longer active friendships are not those of strangers C. Keeping your old friendships may cost you time and energy D. The key to such friendships is a positive attitude towards flexibility E. Some friendships even take a “break” before becoming closer again F. It is that we may assume friendship is over just because it is less close G. Few friendships can stand the test of time, according to some researchers 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们每七年会失去半数朋友，多因环境改变而非不合。友谊需共同环境，我们常因疏远误以为结束。保持积极灵活心态、主动联系，可重连旧友，友谊多是沉睡而非终结。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Did you know we lose half our friends every seven years? The most common reason we do isn’t that we’ve become basically incompatible (不相容的). It’s because we’re no longer in the same place at the same time(你知道吗？我们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。 最常见的原因**并不是我们变得彼此不合，而是我们无法再在同一时间、身处同一个地方。）”以及下文“We need something called “shared social contexts” for them to continue.(我们需要所谓的“共同社交环境”才能让友谊延续)”可知，空格处需承接前文“地理位置不同导致友谊变淡”这一原因，对这类依赖地点的友谊进行概括。A选项“Many of our friendships are actually “locationships””(我们的许多友谊其实都是“靠地点维系的关系”)精准承接前文，点明友谊依赖共同环境，与后文“shared social contexts”形成呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The problem, however, may not be that friendships commonly decrease in closeness over time. (然而，问题可能并不在于友谊会随着时间变得疏远)”可知，空格处需以“It is that…”构成“not…but…”转折结构，指出真正的问题所在。F选项“It is that we may assume friendship is over just because it is less close (问题在于我们可能仅仅因为关系没那么亲密就认定友谊已经结束)与前一句形成完整转折，点明人们对友谊的错误认知，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Another study on long-distance friendships showed when we assume that a friendship is “flexible” and not “fragile (脆弱的),” it’s more long-lasting (另一项关于异地友谊的研究表明，当我们认为一段友谊是“有弹性的”而非 “脆弱的”，它就会更持久)”可知，空格处需承接前文“flexible”这一核心词，说明维持这类友谊的关键。D选项“The key to such friendships is a positive attitude towards flexibility”(这类友谊的关键在于对弹性保持积极态度)精准呼应前文“flexible”，进一步解释研究结论，符合语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“About half of friendships did not increase in closeness straight. They went through ups and downs.(大约一半的友谊并不会一直变得亲密，它们会经历起伏)”以及下文“About a quarter of close friendships turned into casual ones gradually at some time point, but then ended up transforming into best friendships later on.(约四分之一的亲密友谊会在某一时刻逐渐变成普通友谊，但后来又重新变成最好的友谊)”可知，空格处需进一步说明友谊会经历暂停再重新变亲密的过程。E选项“Some friendships even take a “break” before becoming closer again (有些友谊甚至会先“暂停”，然后再次变得亲密) 承接前文“起伏”，并与后文内容一致，符合语境。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“You still share memories, history, and an awareness that you have the possibility to like each other, because you have in the past.(你们仍然共享回忆、过往，并且知道你们有可能互相喜欢，因为你们曾经喜欢过)”可知，空格处需强调老朋友和陌生人不一样。B选项“Your no longer active friendships are not those of strangers”(你那些不再活跃的友谊并不是陌生人的关系)引出后文老朋友之间依然存在的联结，与“stranger”形成对比，符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’ve always loved traveling, and have spent most of my adult life on the move or planning my next adventure. In 2023, I visited the Galapagos Islands and ___21___ Post Office Bay on Floreana Island, where an old whisky barrel (桶) ___22___ as a postbox. People will leave a letter and take one that they can ___23___ to their next destination. The barrel was ___24___ with postcards. I took a couple home and happily delivered them. The recipients were incredibly grateful, and it felt wonderful to have ___25___ such joy. Weeks later, I couldn’t stop ___26___ about the letters. Then I thought: What if I spent a year delivering letters from that postbox? I realized I could keep my ___27___ job while traveling the world and delivering post. So I decided to ___28___ my journey on social media to keep a record of my adventures and connect with people. In 2024, I ___29___ to the Galapagos and picked 55 letters and postcards. I aimed to deliver one a week, relying only on addresses rather than social media. I was extremely ____30____ during the first few deliveries as I had no idea how people would ____31____ me. At first, people were confused, but once they understood what I was doing, they turned out to be really warm and welcoming — though there were ____32____. In Norway, I almost got arrested (逮捕). A woman ____33____ my selfie stick for a weapon and called the police. I had to show the officers my Instagram to explain, and we all ended up ____34____ in the end. Now my challenge is over, I’m writing a book and helping develop a (n) ____35____ about my travels. I’m already starting to get itchy (痒的) feet. 21. A. discovered B. built C. designed D. contacted 22. A. treats B. regards C. serves D. guards 23. A. send B. press C. adapt D. deliver 24. A. connected B. replaced C. covered D. packed 25. A. brought B. announced C. taken D. inspired 26. A. talking B. thinking C. worrying D. complaining 27. A. unique B. original C. remote D. professional 28 A. revise B. ignore C. improve D. document 29. A. travelled B. returned C. moved D. drove 30. A. puzzled B. eager C. anxious D. frightened 31. A. rise to B. stick to C. attach to D. respond to 32. A. events B. exceptions C. struggles D. arguments 33. A. mistook B. exchanged C. figured D. assumed 34. A. sweating B. laughing C. comforting D. apologizing 35. A. film B. account C. fashion D. lecture 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在加拉帕戈斯群岛发现特色邮桶后，开启环球送信之旅，虽遇小插曲但收获温暖，还计划创作相关作品经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，我游览了加拉帕戈斯群岛，发现了弗洛雷亚纳岛上的邮局湾，那里有一个旧威士忌桶充当邮筒。A. discovered发现；B. built建造；C. designed设计；D. contacted联系。根据前文“I visited the Galapagos Islands”以及后文对邮局湾和威士忌桶邮筒的介绍可知，作者是在游览途中发现了这个地方和特别的邮筒。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，我游览了加拉帕戈斯群岛，发现了弗洛雷亚纳岛上的邮局湾，那里有一个旧威士忌桶充当邮筒。A. treats对待；B. regards认为；C. serves充当；D. guards守卫。根据前文“an old whisky barrel”和后文“as a postbox”可知，这个旧威士忌桶的作用是充当邮筒，serve as为固定搭配表“充当、担任”。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们会留下一封信，再拿走一封，能把它送到自己的下一个目的地。A. send发送；B. press按压；C. adapt适应；D. deliver递送。根据后文“I took a couple home and happily delivered them”和“What if I spent a year delivering letters from that postbox?”可知，此处指拿走信件并将其递送到下一个目的地，deliver为后文的原词复现。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个桶里塞满了明信片。A. connected连接；B. replaced代替；C. covered覆盖；D. packed塞满。根据后文“I took a couple home and happily delivered them”可知，作者能从桶里拿走明信片，说明桶里被明信片塞满了，be packed with为固定搭配表“塞满、装满”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：收信人都非常感激，能带来这样的快乐，我感觉棒极了。A. brought带来；B. announced宣布；C. taken拿走；D. inspired鼓舞。根据前文“The recipients were incredibly grateful”可知，作者的送信行为让收信人充满感激，也就是作者为他人带来了快乐。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我总是忍不住想起那些信。A. talking谈论；B. thinking思考、想起；C. worrying担心；D. complaining抱怨。根据后文“Then I thought: What if I spent a year delivering letters from that postbox?”可知，作者产生了全年送信的想法，根源是一直忍不住想起那些信，think about为固定搭配表“想起、思考”。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我可以一边做远程工作，一边环游世界送信。A. unique独特的；B. original最初的；C. remote远程的；D. professional专业的。根据后文“while traveling the world and delivering post”可知，作者要环游世界，无法在固定地点工作，因此选择的是远程工作，remote job表“远程工作”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定在社交媒体上记录我的旅程，记录我的冒险经历并与人交流。A. revise修订；B. ignore忽视；C. improve改善；D. document记录。根据后文“to keep a record of my adventures and connect with people”可知，作者的目的是记录冒险经历，因此选择在社交媒体上记录旅程，document与keep a record为同义表达。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2024年，我回到加拉帕戈斯，挑选了55封信件和明信片。A. travelled旅行；B. returned返回；C. moved移动；D. drove驾驶。根据前文2023年作者游览加拉帕戈斯群岛发现邮桶，以及后文“picked 55 letters and postcards”可知，作者是再次回到这个地方挑选信件。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：前几次送信时，我非常焦虑，因为我不知道人们会对我作何反应。A. puzzled困惑的；B. eager渴望的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“as I had no idea how people would ______ me.”可知，作者因不确定人们的反应，内心充满焦虑。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：前几次送信时，我非常焦虑，因为我不知道人们会对我作何反应。A. rise to上升到；B. stick to坚持；C. attach to依附；D. respond to回应、对……作出反应。根据前文作者的焦虑情绪，以及后文“At first, people were confused, but once they understood what I was doing, they turned out to be really warm and welcoming”可知，作者焦虑的是不知道人们会对自己的送信行为作出怎样的反应。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，人们很困惑，但一旦明白了我在做什么，他们就变得非常热情友好——尽管也有例外。A. events事件；B. exceptions例外；C. struggles挣扎；D. arguments争论。根据后文“In Norway, I almost got arrested (逮捕).”可知，作者在挪威遇到了险些被逮捕的糟糕情况，这与人们的热情友好形成对比，是其中的例外情况。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位女士把我的自拍杆误认为武器，报了警。A. mistook误认；B. exchanged交换；C. figured认为；D. assumed假定。根据后文“my selfie stick for a weapon and called the police”可知，女士将自拍杆当成了武器，才选择报警，mistake...for...为固定搭配表“把……误认为……”。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不给警察看我的照片墙来解释，最后我们都笑了。A. sweating出汗；B. laughing笑；C. comforting安慰；D. apologizing道歉。根据前文“A woman ______ my selfie stick for a weapon and called the police.”且作者向警察解释清楚误会可知，自拍杆并非武器的误会被解除，紧张的局面消散，最后所有人都笑了。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我的挑战结束了，我正在写一本书，还协助制作一部关于我旅行的电影。A. film电影；B. account账户；C. fashion时尚；D. lecture讲座。根据前文“So I decided to ______ my journey on social media to keep a record of my adventures and connect with people.”以及作者完成环球送信的旅行挑战可知，作者此前记录了旅行经历，如今除了写书，还协助创作相关的影像作品。故选A项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Mo Yuan (The Ink-Sown Garden), a TV series devoted to promoting the thousand-year-old Xuan paper culture, began shooting on Sept 21 in the city of Xuancheng in Anhui province, with ___36___ 80-day filming schedule, according to the producers. Produced by China Central Television, the story, directed by Song Yeming, follows a young woman ___37___ quits her job in Beijing to return to her hometown and care for her sick mother. After getting a position as a local government official, she discovers that the ___38___ (tradition) Xuan paper industry is on the edge of decline (衰落). ___39___ (determine) to revitalize (复兴) it, she starts a series of ___40___ (activity) such as developing Xuan paper notebooks, securing orders for Xuan wallpaper in Beijing, and organizing a cultural festival promoting the “four treasures of the study”, which are usually known ___41___ the brush, ink, paper and inkstone. Xuan paper, famous for its outstanding quality, long-lasting character ___42___ important role in Chinese calligraphy and painting, is a valued cultural icon. Director Song said he ___43___ (draw) to the script’s unique structure and characters, ___44___ (especial) its angle of a grassroots civil servant. He was also attracted by the dramatic tension within a family of Xuan paper craftsmen as they devote ____45____ (they) to addressing the challenges of guarding traditions, passing down their craft and innovating for the future. 【答案】36. an 37. who##that 38. traditional 39. Determined 40. activities 41. as 42. and 43. was drawn 44. especially 45. themselves 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。电视剧《种墨园》在安徽宣城开机，讲述女主返乡后决心振兴传统宣纸产业，通过多种活动传承“文房四宝”文化，展现匠人坚守与创新的故事。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：据制片方介绍，以弘扬千年宣纸文化为主题的电视剧《种墨园》，于9月21日在安徽省宣城市开机，拍摄周期为80天。此处schedule为泛指，且80-day是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：由中央广播电视总台出品、宋业明执导的这部剧，讲述了一位年轻女性辞去北京的工作，回到家乡照顾生病的母亲的故事。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，指人，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在担任了地方政府官员一职后，她发现传统的宣纸产业正处于衰落的边缘。此处修饰名词industry，应用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她决心振兴宣纸产业，开展了一系列活动：研发宣纸笔记本、在北京争取宣纸壁纸订单、举办推广“文房四宝”的文化节。文房四宝即人们常说的笔、墨、纸、砚。固定短语be determined to do sth.，省略be动词，使用形容词作状语，首字母大写。故填Determined。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：她决心振兴宣纸产业，开展了一系列活动：研发宣纸笔记本、在北京争取宣纸壁纸订单、举办推广“文房四宝”的文化节。文房四宝即人们常说的笔、墨、纸、砚。根据上文a series of可知，应用复数形式。故填activities。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：她决心振兴宣纸产业，开展了一系列活动：研发宣纸笔记本、在北京争取宣纸壁纸订单、举办推广“文房四宝”的文化节。文房四宝即人们常说的笔、墨、纸、砚。固定短语be known as“被称为……”。故填as。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：宣纸以其卓越的品质、持久的特性以及在中国书法和绘画中所发挥的重要作用而闻名，是极具价值的文化象征。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：宋导演表示，他被剧本独特的结构与人物所吸引，尤其是其基层公务员的视角。主语he与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was drawn。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：宋导演表示，他被剧本独特的结构与人物所吸引，尤其是其基层公务员的视角。此处修饰后文短语its angle of a grassroots civil servant，作状语，应用强调副词especially“尤其”。故填especially。 【45题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：他还被宣纸工匠家庭内部那种紧张而戏剧性的氛围所吸引。在这个家庭中，成员们全身心投入到守护传统、传承技艺以及为未来进行创新的工作中。固定短语devote oneself to“投入……”，用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，学校即将启动“每日健身”计划，你将在升旗仪式上发表演讲，呼吁同学们坚持锻炼、拥抱健康。请根据以下要点完成演讲稿： 1.点明锻炼的重要性； 2.推荐适合校园的运动方式； 3.发出行动倡议。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.行文连贯，语言得体。 Dear teachers and schoolmates, Good morning! It’s my pleasure to share my thoughts on exercise and health today. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】One possible version: Dear teachers and schoolmates, Good morning! It’s my pleasure to share my thoughts on exercise and health today. Regular exercise is the foundation of a strong body and a positive mood. It not only strengthens our muscles and improves our physical fitness, but also helps us relieve academic stress and stay in a good state of mind. On campus, we have plenty of easy and accessible choices: we can jog along the playground in the morning, skip ropes during breaks, or play basketball and badminton with classmates after class. These activities don’t require any special equipment, just our enthusiasm and persistence. I sincerely suggest that every one of us should spend at least 30 minutes exercising every day and develop a lifelong habit of keeping fit. Let’s move our bodies and embrace a healthy life together! Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，呼吁同学们坚持锻炼、拥抱健康。 【详解】1.词汇积累 加强：strengthen→enhance 帮助：help→assist 选择：choice→option 活动：activity→event 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：It not only strengthens our muscles and improves our physical fitness, but also helps us relieve academic stress and stay in a good state of mind. 拓展句：Not only does it strengthen our muscles and improve our physical fitness but also helps us relieve academic stress and stay in a good state of mind. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I sincerely suggest that every one of us should spend at least 30 minutes exercising every day and develop a lifelong habit of keeping fit.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和虚拟语气） [高分句型2]It not only strengthens our muscles and improves our physical fitness, but also helps us relieve academic stress and stay in a good state of mind.（运用了not only…but also…连接的并列句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The little bird sat itself on the tree branch outside Vanessa’s bedroom window. It trilled an energetic song as the first pale yellow rays of sunshine peeked over the horizon. “Oh my gosh, what is that noise?” she complained to herself, pulling her bed sheets over her head in an attempt to drown out the birdcall. It was no use, and she knew it. The loud tweeting signalled the coming of the day. As if to confirm it, Vanessa’s mom knocked twice on her door, then came in with a smile. “Time to get up, Sleepyhead,” she whispered. “The early bird catches the worm, you know.” “Ugh,” mumbled Vanessa into her pillow. “What does that even mean?” “It’s just an expression, Honey,” her mom replied gently. She gave Vanessa a soft kiss on the cheek and urged her to get out of bed. Vanessa rolled over and slept for a few more minutes. Vanessa dragged her feet downstairs for breakfast, ate slowly, and missed her bus. When she finally got to school, she had missed attendance and had to get a late pass. She missed the first part of math class, so she didn’t understand the lesson and had to get extra help. Her teacher gave her extra homework to make sure she knew it. After class, she went to the library, hoping to borrow her favorite comic book. But when she came to the library desk to ask, she was told that the book had long been checked out. She finally couldn’t stand it anymore, and her eyes even turned a little red. This day was no fun. The next morning, Vanessa was woken up by the same loud, twittering song. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She raced through breakfast, caught the bus, and was one of the first kids to enter her classroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The next morning, Vanessa was woken up by the same loud, twittering song. Instead of ignoring it, today Vanessa walked over to the window and opened the curtains. Soft light filled the room. “Well, hello there, little fellow,” she said when she saw the pretty bird outside, still singing happily. It was surprised by her voice and flew down to land on the fresh dew of the morning grass. As she watched, the bird raised its head, plunged its beak into the wet ground, and pulled out a wiggling worm for breakfast. “Hmm,” thought Vanessa. She raced through breakfast, caught the bus, and was one of the first kids to enter her classroom. Her teacher told her only several spots remained in the Robotics Club and she’d better sign up quickly if interested. Thrilled, Vanessa wrote her name down in one of the last spaces. After lunchtime, Vanessa went to the library early, where the sequel to a great story she liked had just arrived. She was the first to check it out! Today was turning out to be pretty awesome. “Wow, it sounds like you had a great day.” Mom said when Vanessa told her all about it at dinnertime. “Yup. Just call me the early bird,” said Vanessa, with a grin. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Vanessa起初讨厌清晨窗外小鸟的鸣叫，总是赖床，结果上学迟到、错过课程与喜欢的漫画，诸事不顺。第二天她早起开窗，亲眼看到小鸟捉到虫子，明白了“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”的道理。此后她养成早起习惯，顺利赶上校车、加入机器人社团并借到新书，度过了愉快的一天，真正理解了这句谚语的含义。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，Vanessa又被那同样响亮、叽叽喳喳的歌声吵醒了”可知，第一段可描写第二天Vanessa早起开窗，亲眼看到小鸟捉到虫子，明白了“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”的道理。 ②由第二段首句内容“她匆匆吃完早餐，赶上了公交车，成为第一批进入教室的孩子之一”可知，第二段可描写此后Vanessa养成早起习惯，顺利赶上校车、加入机器人社团并借到新书，度过了愉快的一天，真正理解了这句谚语的含义。 2.续写线索：Vanessa看到小鸟捉虫子——明白了其中的道理——开始早起——Vanessa度过愉快一天——Vanessa感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①忽略：ignore/overlook ②看到：see/catch sight of ③思考：think/ponder 情绪类 ①惊奇：surprised/amazed ②精彩：awesome/fantastic 【点睛】[高分句型1] As she watched, the bird raised its head, plunged its beak into the wet ground, and pulled out a wiggling worm for breakfast.（运用了as引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Her teacher told her only several spots remained in the Robotics Club and she’d better sign up quickly if interested.（运用了状语从句的省略） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第一学期期末检测 高一英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。 3. 请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4. 保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Mary feel about her job? A. It’s tiring. B. It’s difficult. C. It’s pleasing. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Strangers. C. Boss and secretary. 3. Why does the woman enjoy speaking to David? A. He knows a lot. B. He often gets good grades. C. He studies medicine. 4. Who was Brunel? A. A boxer. B. An engineer. C. A manager. 5. What did the woman do last night? A. She ate out. B. She went fishing. C. She made soup. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man speak to the woman? A. To ask for advice. B. To express thanks. C. To offer an invitation. 7. What does the woman plan to do? A. Go to the store. B. Make a call. C. Give some instructions. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why did the man make tea? A. To color the paper. B. To treat his friend. C. To prepare breakfast. 9. How did the man mark the location of the treasure? A. By drawing a circle. B. By making a cut. C. By writing a big X. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Watch a show. B. Play a game. C. Read a book. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man doing probably? A. Hosting a program. B. Doing a job interview. C. Having a meeting. 12. What does the woman often drink in the morning? A. Milk. B. Fruit juice. C. Vegetable soup. 13. How many specific countries does the woman mention? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How does the man sound in the beginning? A. Excited. B. Angry. C. Upset. 15. What does the woman think might be the reason for the students’ quietness? A. Lack of interest. B. Sleepiness. C. Cultural differences. 16. What should the man ask the students to do according to the woman? A. Discuss communication styles. B. Design different activities. C. Collect reading materials. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker mainly focus on about extreme sports? A. Their development. B. Their popularity. C. Their cultural meaning. 18. Who first developed the sport of surfing? A. The Spanish explorers. B. The African workers. C. The Hawaiian people. 19. What does the speaker want to show by mentioning kite surfing? A. It applies new safety equipment. B. It unites two ancient sports. C. It is catching attention. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude to extreme sports? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Unclear. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A During the 2024-25 flu season, about 1. 3 million people were in hospital because of influenza (流感). A dietitian named Samantha Heller points out that it is very important to eat foods that make our immune system stronger, especially because getting older makes our body less able to fight diseases. There are four great foods that can strengthen our immune system in winter: Beans Beans have plenty of zinc (锌), which helps make more white blood cells to fight illnesses. If people do not get enough zinc, their immune system will not work well. Clinical dietitian Anna Taylor suggests eating at least half a cup of cooked beans three times a week. This can keep healthy zinc levels in the body and stop the immune system from becoming weak. Berries Berries are rich in vitamin C, which also contributes to making more white blood cells. A 2018 study showed that eating berries can increase disease-fighting cells in older adults, such as natural killer cells and T cells. Taylor thinks berries are one of the best foods to support immunity (免疫力). Sweet potatoes Sweet potatoes are rich in beta-carotene, which is good for our breathing health, and also helps the body make more immune cells. Taylor says sweet potatoes are very important for older people. As they age, their immune systems produce fewer immune cells. She advises baking sweet potatoes with olive oil and black pepper. Nuts and seeds Nuts and seeds, especially walnuts, are high in vitamin E. Vitamin E helps the immune system grow more T cells to fight diseases. Clinical nutritionist Kate Cohen says walnuts are the best choice among nuts. They have alpha-linolenic acid (亚麻酸), which supports immunity and is not found in most other nuts. So walnuts work better to improve immunity than other nuts. Eating these foods can help you build a stronger immune system, and better protect you from the flu and other winter illnesses. 1. How often does Taylor recommend eating cooked beans to improve immunity? A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week. D. Three times a week. 2. Why are walnuts a better immune-improving choice than other nuts? A. Because they have a unique content of alpha-linolenic acid. B. Because they contain the most vitamin E among all nuts. C. Because they better help the growth of T cells. D. Because they can directly kill flu viruses. 3. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To make readers aware of the importance of diet. B. To explain the seriousness of the 2024-25 flu season. C. To introduce four foods that improve immunity against the flu. D. To compare the health values of different flu-fighting foods. B The skies had never seen a pilot like Bessie Coleman before. She was the first African- American woman to get an international pilot’s license. But as a Black woman in the 1920s, she faced many challenges because of her race and gender. She would say that “the air is the only place free from prejudice (偏见) .” Coleman was born in Atlanta, Texas, on January 26, 1892. After graduating from a high school for black children, she went to Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University in 1910 but had to drop out because she didn’t have the money to pay for school. She then moved to Chicago, Illinois, in 1915 and worked in a barber shop painting fingernails. When her brother John returned from fighting in France during World War I, he told stories of the freedom that women overseas enjoyed. They could be pilots, he said. That inspired Bessie’s new dream: to be a female pilot. She saved up money and applied to U. S. flight schools. But no school accepted her because she was Black and a woman. Finally, Robert Abbott, the publisher of an African- American newspaper, suggested she try schools in France. She learned French, left the United States, and started learning in the Cauldron Brothers’ School of Aviation in Le Crotoy, France. She earned her international pilot’s license on June15, 1921, within a year of study. Afterward she studied stunt flying (特技飞行) across Europe. When she returned to the United States in 1922 as an aerial acrobat (空中杂技演员) , Coleman amazed Black and white audiences with her wonderful skills. She also used her fame to fight racism, refusing to fly in shows that forced Black and white audiences to enter through different gates. In 1923, Coleman experienced a bad accident that left her with a broken leg. But soon she recovered and started doing stunts at air shows again. Her goal was to open a school for Black pilots, but she never realized that dream. On April 30, 1926, she died in a plane accident. But her brave skills of flight have inspired a group of Black women pilots who came after her and journeyed to the sky. 4. Why did Bessie Coleman drop out of the university? A. Because she wanted to learn to fly planes. B. Because she couldn’t afford the university. C. Because she moved to Chicago with her family. D. Because she was not allowed to study for her race. 5. What can we know from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A. French women were professional pilots. B John encouraged Bessie to fight in World War I. C. Women in France had more freedom than those in the US. D. French flight schools welcomed all international students. 6. What did Bessie Coleman do to fight racism? A. She set up flight schools specially for Black people. B. She shared her flying experiences to inspire Black people. C. She only performed in air shows that welcomed all races equally. D. She refused to perform in air shows that separated Black and white viewers. 7. What’s the author’s attitude towards Bessie Coleman? A. Admiring. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Unclear. C In many parts of the world, autumn brings cooler weather and a beautiful change — leaves on some trees turn from green to bright shades of yellow, orange, and red. But those colors are short-lived before leaves fall off their trees. Have you ever wondered why this happens? It’s all part of how the plants prepare for winter. Trees spend much of the year turning sunshine into food through photosynthesis (光合作用). This process relies on a green pigment (色素) in leaves called chlorophyll (叶绿素). But as autumn approaches, days get shorter and nights get colder. Plants can no longer make enough chlorophyll to keep their leaves green. Instead, they break down chlorophyll into smaller parts and then take them in. This saves energy because plants don’t have to make chlorophyll from the very beginning when spring comes. When chlorophyll dies away, other pigments in the leaves start to show. These pigments not only create beautiful colors but also protect leaves from being eaten by insects or damaged by sunlight. At the same time, these trees stop putting effort into holding on to their leaves. Getting rid of their leaves can help trees keep water in their bodies over winter. It also allows strong winds to blow more easily through trees’ branches, putting less stress on them. However, not all trees let go of their autumn leaves so easily. For example, some willows (柳树) may hold on to their leaves all winter. This can help protect their branches from hungry animals. Conifer (针叶树) trees likewise keep their needles year-round. Needles can bear the cold more easily than leaves do. So it costs conifers less energy to hang on to their needles than to remove and regrow them yearly. Have a close look at the trees outside your own window when the leaves change in autumn and fall to the ground. By collecting data on your local biodiversity (生物多样性), you can contribute to citizen science projects. Plus, spending time with nature can cheer you up — something many of us need as the days grow darker and colder. 8. What contributes to the leaves of some trees changing colors in autumn? A. Insects eating up the green pigment in leaves. B. The sunlight being not strong enough in autumn. C. Trees needing more energy to make new green pigments. D Chlorophyll in leaves disappearing and other pigments appearing. 9. What is the advantage for trees to remove leaves in winter? A. It can help trees take in more sunlight easily. B. It can make trees grow new leaves quickly in spring. C. It can protect trees’ branches from being eaten by animals. D. It can help trees keep water and reduce stress from strong winds. 10. What can we learn about conifer trees from the passage? A. They lose their needles every autumn like other trees. B. Their needles are not able to stand cold winter weather. C. They keep their needles all year round for energy saving. D. They need to consume more energy to keep needles than regrow them. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. We can only enjoy the beauty of autumn leaves by watching them. B. Getting close to nature is helpful for our mental health in autumn. C. The days in autumn are bright and warm for people to go out. D Citizen science projects only need data about autumn leaves. D Iceland lies across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a dividing line between two of Earth’s crustal (地壳的) plates which are moving apart. That allows hot, liquid rock called magma to well up easily from the depths. Iceland also sits just below the Arctic circle and enjoys glacier-friendly cold temperatures, housing 34 active volcanoes (火山), half buried under ice up to 1 km thick. As the climate warms, these glaciers are melting (融化). Glaciers bear down on the Earth’s crust, squeezing (挤压) the underlying rock and raising its melting point. Remove the ice and the rock bounces back, easing pressure. This lowers the melting point, increasing magma formation, which then erupts as lava. Some predict the glaciers will disappear in two centuries, which could upset the volcanoes below, causing them to erupt more frequently, more wildly or both. Early geological data suggests Iceland now produces two or three times more magma than a century ago. Some volcanoes like Grimsvotn and Bardarbunga have grown more active, while others like Katla have stayed quiet for over a century but may erupt more wildly. History supports this link: some 10, 000 years ago, after thick ice melted away during the last ice age, there were 30 to 50 times more volcanic eruptions in Iceland. This isn’t unique to Iceland — Antarctica, Alaska, and the Andes are similarly affected, with around 250 volcanoes under or near ice. Research published in 2020 suggests that though only 20, 000 people live within 5 km of an affected volcano, 160 million people within 100 km of one face risks like water shortages and mudslides. And people need not live nearby to be affected. When Eyjafjallajokull, a small volcano by Icelandic standards, erupted 15 years ago, it sent into the atmosphere an ash cloud enough to cause six days of air travel problems. In the late 18th century, Laki, another Icelandic volcano, poured out so much sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ash that some historians suggest crop failures precipitated by the resulting drop in temperatures helped lead to the French revolution. 12. What makes magma easy to well up in Iceland? A. Being on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. B. The thick ice covering volcanoes. C. Its location near the Arctic circle. D. The frequent volcanic eruptions. 13. What does the underlined word “precipitated” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Caused. B. Prevented. C. Recorded. D. Discovered. 14. What is the best title of the passage? A. Iceland may experience active volcanoes. B. Global warming may have volcanic results. C. Volcanic eruptions may cause serious problems. D. Glacier melting may lead to land moving quickly. 15. Where is this passage most probably from? A. A natural travel blog. B. A fictional novel. C. A scientific magazine. D. A weather forecast report. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Did you know we lose half our friends every seven years? The most common reason we do isn’t that we’ve become basically incompatible (不相容的). It’s because we’re no longer in the same place at the same time. ___16___ . We need something called “shared social contexts (环境)” for them to continue. The problem, however, may not be that friendships commonly decrease in closeness over time. ___17___. One study found that reaching out to a friend whom we haven’t spoken to in a while is just as uncomfortable as reaching out to a stranger. Another study on long-distance friendships showed when we assume that a friendship is “flexible” and not “fragile (脆弱的),” it’s more long-lasting. ___18___ . This means that if we haven’t spoken to a friend in a while, we should assume that we can still reconnect at any time. About half of friendships did not increase in closeness straight. They went through ups and downs. ___19___ . About a quarter of close friendships turned into casual ones gradually at some time point, but then ended up transforming into best friendships later on. How do we get ourselves to reach out to these old friends? We need supporting strategies. One study involved having people send several messages to present friends, and then they were given time to text a message to an old friend. When they practiced starting contact with old friends, they were more likely to reach out to the old friend. ___20___ . You still share memories, history, and an awareness that you have the possibility to like each other, because you have in the past. Friendships don’t end as much as fall asleep, and a simple check- in can wake them back up. A. Many of our friendships are actually “locationships” B. Your no longer active friendships are not those of strangers C. Keeping your old friendships may cost you time and energy D. The key to such friendships is a positive attitude towards flexibility E. Some friendships even take a “break” before becoming closer again F. It is that we may assume friendship is over just because it is less close G. Few friendships can stand the test of time, according to some researchers 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’ve always loved traveling, and have spent most of my adult life on the move or planning my next adventure. In 2023, I visited the Galapagos Islands and ___21___ Post Office Bay on Floreana Island, where an old whisky barrel (桶) ___22___ as a postbox. People will leave a letter and take one that they can ___23___ to their next destination. The barrel was ___24___ with postcards. I took a couple home and happily delivered them. The recipients were incredibly grateful, and it felt wonderful to have ___25___ such joy. Weeks later, I couldn’t stop ___26___ about the letters. Then I thought: What if I spent a year delivering letters from that postbox? I realized I could keep my ___27___ job while traveling the world and delivering post. So I decided to ___28___ my journey on social media to keep a record of my adventures and connect with people. In 2024, I ___29___ to the Galapagos and picked 55 letters and postcards. I aimed to deliver one a week, relying only on addresses rather than social media. I was extremely ____30____ during the first few deliveries as I had no idea how people would ____31____ me. At first, people were confused, but once they understood what I was doing, they turned out to be really warm and welcoming — though there were ____32____. In Norway, I almost got arrested (逮捕). A woman ____33____ my selfie stick for a weapon and called the police. I had to show the officers my Instagram to explain, and we all ended up ____34____ in the end. Now my challenge is over, I’m writing a book and helping develop a (n) ____35____ about my travels. I’m already starting to get itchy (痒的) feet. 21. A. discovered B. built C. designed D. contacted 22. A. treats B. regards C. serves D. guards 23. A. send B. press C. adapt D. deliver 24. A. connected B. replaced C. covered D. packed 25. A. brought B. announced C. taken D. inspired 26. A. talking B. thinking C. worrying D. complaining 27. A. unique B. original C. remote D. professional 28. A. revise B. ignore C. improve D. document 29. A. travelled B. returned C. moved D. drove 30. A. puzzled B. eager C. anxious D. frightened 31. A. rise to B. stick to C. attach to D. respond to 32. A. events B. exceptions C. struggles D. arguments 33. A. mistook B. exchanged C. figured D. assumed 34. A. sweating B. laughing C. comforting D. apologizing 35. A. film B. account C. fashion D. lecture 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Mo Yuan (The Ink-Sown Garden) a TV series devoted to promoting the thousand-year-old Xuan paper culture, began shooting on Sept 21 in the city of Xuancheng in Anhui province, with ___36___ 80-day filming schedule, according to the producers. Produced by China Central Television, the story, directed by Song Yeming, follows a young woman ___37___ quits her job in Beijing to return to her hometown and care for her sick mother. After getting a position as a local government official, she discovers that the ___38___ (tradition) Xuan paper industry is on the edge of decline (衰落). ___39___ (determine) to revitalize (复兴) it she starts a series of ___40___ (activity) such as developing Xuan paper notebooks, securing orders for Xuan wallpaper in Beijing, and organizing a cultural festival promoting the “four treasures of the study”, which are usually known ___41___ the brush, ink, paper and inkstone. Xuan paper, famous for its outstanding quality, long-lasting character ___42___ important role in Chinese calligraphy and painting, is a valued cultural icon. Director Song said he ___43___ (draw) to the script’s unique structure and characters, ___44___ (especial) its angle of a grassroots civil servant. He was also attracted by the dramatic tension within a family of Xuan paper craftsmen as they devote ____45____ (they) to addressing the challenges of guarding traditions, passing down their craft and innovating for the future. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，学校即将启动“每日健身”计划，你将在升旗仪式上发表演讲，呼吁同学们坚持锻炼、拥抱健康。请根据以下要点完成演讲稿： 1.点明锻炼的重要性； 2.推荐适合校园的运动方式； 3.发出行动倡议。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.行文连贯，语言得体。 Dear teachers and schoolmates, Good morning! It’s my pleasure to share my thoughts on exercise and health today. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The little bird sat itself on the tree branch outside Vanessa’s bedroom window. It trilled an energetic song as the first pale yellow rays of sunshine peeked over the horizon. “Oh my gosh, what is that noise?” she complained to herself, pulling her bed sheets over her head in an attempt to drown out the birdcall. It was no use, and she knew it. The loud tweeting signalled the coming of the day. As if to confirm it, Vanessa’s mom knocked twice on her door, then came in with a smile. “Time to get up, Sleepyhead,” she whispered. “The early bird catches the worm, you know.” “Ugh,” mumbled Vanessa into her pillow. “What does that even mean?” “It’s just an expression, Honey,” her mom replied gently. She gave Vanessa a soft kiss on the cheek and urged her to get out of bed. Vanessa rolled over and slept for a few more minutes. Vanessa dragged her feet downstairs for breakfast, ate slowly, and missed her bus. When she finally got to school, she had missed attendance and had to get a late pass. She missed the first part of math class, so she didn’t understand the lesson and had to get extra help. Her teacher gave her extra homework to make sure she knew it. After class, she went to the library, hoping to borrow her favorite comic book. But when she came to the library desk to ask, she was told that the book had long been checked out. She finally couldn’t stand it anymore, and her eyes even turned a little red. This day was no fun. The next morning, Vanessa was woken up by the same loud, twittering song. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She raced through breakfast, caught the bus, and was one of the first kids to enter her classroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $