Unit2语法讲解及习题_动词-ing形式（Verb-ing）2025- 2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

沪教（牛津）英语八下Unit2语法讲解及习题 动词-ing形式（Verb-ing） 一、语法概念 动词-ing形式（即“动名词/现在分词”）可在句中充当主语、宾语，也可作形容词（与动词-ed形式对应），是描述动作、状态及情感的常用语法点。本单元重点学习“动词-ing作主语/宾语”和“动词-ing/ed作形容词”的用法。 二、详细用法讲解 1. 动词-ing作主语和宾语 动词-ing形式可当作名词使用，指代“动作或活动”，在句中作主语或宾语。 作主语： 规则：动词-ing作主语时，主句谓语动词用单数形式；通常为不可数名词，前面不加“a/an”。 例句： Communicating means more than just speaking.（交流不仅仅意味着说话。） Cycling is his favourite hobby.（骑自行车是他最喜欢的爱好。） 作宾语： 规则：部分动词（如like、love、enjoy、practice、avoid、look forward to等）后需接动词-ing作宾语；动词-ing可自带宾语。 例句： She loves playing chess.（她喜欢下国际象棋。） I look forward to meeting her in person.（我期待亲自见到她。） 2. 动词-ing和动词-ed作形容词 动词-ing和动词-ed形式可转化为形容词，用于描述“事物的性质”或“人的感受”。 动词-ed作形容词： 用法：描述人的感受（表示“感到……的”）。 例句： He was bored and he thought his job was boring.（他感到无聊，并且觉得他的工作很无聊。） 动词-ing作形容词： 用法：描述事物/人的性质（表示“令人……的”）。 例句： The movie is exciting.（这部电影很令人兴奋。） His explanation was confusing.（他的解释很令人困惑。） 三、习题训练 （一）用所给动词的-ing形式填空 1. ___________ (communicate) with others is important in daily life. 2. She enjoys ___________ (observe) people’s body language. 3. ___________ (study) facial expressions helps us understand others better. 4. I avoid ___________ (make) eye contact with strangers when I’m shy. 5. ___________ (smile) can make people around you feel relaxed. 6. He practices ___________ (use) appropriate gestures in presentations. 7. ___________ (read) about cultural differences in body language is interesting. 8. They look forward to ___________ (attend) the body language workshop. 9. ___________ (guess) others’ feelings through their expressions is a useful skill. 10. She loves ___________ (watch) ballet performances because of the beautiful body language. （二）选择动词-ing或-ed形式填空 1. The speech was so ___________ (boring / bored) that many people left early. 2. I felt ___________ (surprising / surprised) when I saw her use that gesture. 3. His story about body language was ___________ (amusing / amused) and we all laughed. 4. She was ___________ (confusing / confused) by the different gestures in different cultures. 5. The workshop on body language was ___________ (interesting / interested) and I learned a lot. 6. He got ___________ (frustrating / frustrated) because no one understood his body language. 7. The movie about nonverbal communication was ___________ (exciting / excited). 8. We were ___________ (shocking / shocked) by the cultural differences in eye contact. 9. The book on body language is ___________ (fascinating / fascinated) and easy to read. 10. She felt ___________ (embarrassing / embarrassed) when she used the wrong gesture. （三）选择正确的选项 从A、B、C中选出符合语法的选项。 1. ___________ body language correctly can help you communicate better. A. Use B. Using C. Used 2. I am ___________ in learning about cultural differences in gestures. A. interesting B. interested C. interest 3. She avoids ___________ too much eye contact with people she doesn’t know. A. make B. to make C. making 4. The lecture on body language was so ___________ that everyone paid attention. A. fascinating B. fascinated C. fascinate 5. ___________ people’s facial expressions is a good way to understand their feelings. A. Observe B. To observing C. Observing （四）用动词-ing或-ed形式完成短文 When I first learned about body language, I felt very ___________ (1. exciting / excited). The topic was ___________ (2. interesting / interested) because it explained why people act in certain ways. Once, I made a ___________ (3. embarrassing / embarrassed) mistake: I used a gesture that was rude in another culture. I felt ___________ (4. shocking / shocked) when someone told me about it. Now, I think ___________ (5. learn) about body language is one of the most useful things I’ve done. （五）翻译句子 将下列句子翻译成英文（需包含动词-ing或-ed形式）。 1. 了解肢体语言很重要。 _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 他对不同文化中的手势感到好奇。 _____________________________________________________________________ 3. 这个关于肢体语言的演讲很令人困惑。 _____________________________________________________________________ 4. 避免在正式场合使用随意的肢体语言。 _____________________________________________________________________ 5. 她感到无聊，因为这个讲座太枯燥了。 _____________________________________________________________________ 四、答案及解析 （一）用所给动词的-ing形式填空 1. Communicating（动词-ing作主语，谓语动词用单数） 2. observing（enjoy后接动词-ing作宾语） 3. Studying（动词-ing作主语） 4. making（avoid后接动词-ing作宾语） 5. Smiling（动词-ing作主语） 6. using（practice后接动词-ing作宾语） 7. Reading（动词-ing作主语） 8. attending（look forward to后接动词-ing作宾语） 9. Guessing（动词-ing作主语） 10. watching（love后接动词-ing作宾语） （二）选择动词-ing或-ed形式填空 1. boring（描述“演讲”的性质，用-ing形式） 2. surprised（描述“我”的感受，用-ed形式） 3. amusing（描述“故事”的性质，用-ing形式） 4. confused（描述“她”的感受，用-ed形式） 5. interesting（描述“研讨会”的性质，用-ing形式） 6. frustrated（描述“他”的感受，用-ed形式） 7. exciting（描述“电影”的性质，用-ing形式） 8. shocked（描述“我们”的感受，用-ed形式） 9. fascinating（描述“书”的性质，用-ing形式） 10. embarrassed（描述“她”的感受，用-ed形式） （三）选择正确的选项 1. B（动词-ing作主语，需用Using） 2. B（描述人的感受，用interested，固定搭配be interested in） 3. C（avoid后接动词-ing作宾语，用making） 4. A（描述“讲座”的性质，用fascinating） 5. C（动词-ing作主语，用Observing） （四）用动词-ing或-ed形式完成短文 1. excited（描述“我”的感受，用-ed形式） 2. interesting（描述“话题”的性质，用-ing形式） 3. embarrassing（描述“错误”的性质，用-ing形式） 4. shocked（描述“我”的感受，用-ed形式） 5. learning（动词-ing作主语，用learning） （五）翻译句子 1. Understanding body language is very important.（动词-ing作主语） 2. He is interested in gestures in different cultures.（be interested in描述人的感受） 3. The speech about body language is very confusing.（-ing形式描述演讲的性质） 4. Avoid using casual body language in formal situations.（avoid后接动词-ing作宾语） 5. She felt bored because the lecture was too boring.（-ed描述人的感受，-ing描述讲座的性质） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $