Unit1语法讲解及习题_不定式(Infinitives)2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

2026-02-10
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资源信息

学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语沪教版八年级下册
年级 八年级
章节 Section 2 Exploring and applying rules (Grammar)
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 36 KB
发布时间 2026-02-10
更新时间 2026-02-11
作者 课堂干货铺(关注我,主页搜资料,初中英语各版本,不定时更新)
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-02-10
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/56422729.html
价格 0.50储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了沪教(牛津)八下Unit1不定式语法内容,涵盖不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、表目的及省略to的用法,搭建从语法概念到详细用法再到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“用法分类+动词示例+分层习题”构建知识体系,如将“感官/使役动词后省略to”标注为重点,配套填空、选择、翻译等多样化习题,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。答案解析详细说明语法规则,不同基础学生可自主练习,教师能据此设计针对性教学活动,提升课堂效率。

内容正文:

沪教(牛津)英语八下Unit1语法讲解及习题 不定式(Infinitives) 一、语法概念 不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”(有时可省略to),在句中可作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语等。本单元重点学习不定式作宾语、宾语补足语,以及不定式表目的的用法,是日常交流和写作中的高频语法点。 二、详细用法讲解 1. 不定式作宾语(动词 + to do) 部分动词后直接接“to + 动词原形”作宾语,明确动作的内容。 常见动词:want(想要)、continue(继续)、offer(主动提出)、plan(计划)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)等。 例句: I want to do voluntary work this weekend.(我这周末想做志愿工作。) She plans to visit the elderly in the community.(她计划去社区看望老人。) 2. 不定式作宾语补足语(动词 + 宾语 + to do) 部分动词后先接宾语,再接“to + 动词原形”,补充说明宾语发出的动作。 常见动词:encourage(鼓励)、tell(告诉)、ask(要求)、teach(教)、advise(建议)等。 例句: We encouraged them to share their stories.(我们鼓励他们分享自己的故事。) The teacher told us to help those in need.(老师告诉我们要帮助有需要的人。) 3. 省略to的不定式(动词 + 宾语 + do) 部分感官动词或使役动词后,不定式需省略to,直接用动词原形作宾语补足语。 常见动词: 感官动词:see(看见)、hear(听见)、watch(观看)、notice(注意到); 使役动词:let(让)、make(使)、help(帮助,可加to也可省略to)。 例句: I saw a volunteer help an elderly lady cross the road.(我看到一名志愿者帮一位老人过马路。) The nurse let the child play with toys.(护士让孩子玩玩具。) We helped the disabled man (to) carry his bag.(我们帮这位残疾人提包。) 4. 不定式表目的(to do) 不定式可放在句中,明确前面动作的目的,意为“为了……”,逻辑上是动作的核心意图。 例句: We raised money to buy books for poor children.(我们筹款是为了给贫困儿童买书。) She went to the hospital to visit sick kids.(她去医院是为了看望生病的孩子。) 三、习题训练 (一)用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. They plan ___________ (organize) a charity sale for disabled people. 2. My mother encouraged me ___________ (join) the voluntary group. 3. I heard the children ___________ (sing) a song about kindness. 4. We want ___________ (help) the elderly clean their houses. 5. The doctor told her ___________ (stay) in bed and rest. 6. Did you see him ___________ (carry) the heavy box for the old man? 7. She offered ___________ (teach) the disabled children to draw. 8. Let’s continue ___________ (do) our voluntary work next month. 9. He asked us ___________ (collect) clothes for the homeless. 10. We helped the lady ___________ (find) her lost wallet. (二)选择正确的选项 1. She hopes ___________ a volunteer in the community. A. become B. to become C. becoming 2. The teacher let the students ___________ their plans for voluntary work. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing 3. We organized a book fair ___________ money for poor kids. A. raise B. raising C. to raise 4. I saw Tom ___________ an old man carry his groceries. A. help B. to help C. helped 5. My friend encouraged me ___________ part in the blood donation activity. A. take B. to take C. taking 6. They want ___________ the elderly with their housework. A. to help B. helping C. help 7. We need to continue ___________ for those in need. A. care B. to care C. caring 8. Did you tell him ___________ late for the voluntary activity? A. not be B. to not be C. not to be 9. She went to the park ___________ photos for the sick girl. A. take B. taking C. to take 10. The volunteers helped the children ___________ their homework. A. (to) do B. doing C. did (三)根据答语写问句(5题) 根据给出的答语,写出对应的问句(需包含不定式用法)。 1. — _______________________________________________________________ — I plan to raise money to buy stationery for left-behind children. 2. — _____________________________________________________________________ — She went to the hospital to visit her sick classmate. 3. — _____________________________________________________________________ — The teacher encouraged us to share our stories with the elderly. 4. — _____________________________________________________________________ — I want to learn to sign to communicate with deaf people. 5. — _____________________________________________________________________ — Yes, I saw a teenager help the old man cross the road. (四)用不定式完成对话 根据对话语境,用括号内动词的不定式形式填空。 A: Hi, what are you doing these days? B: I’m preparing for a voluntary activity. We want ___________ (1. collect) books for children in mountain areas. A: That’s great! Can I join you? B: Of course! We also plan ___________ (2. organize) a reading sharing meeting for them. A: What can I do? B: You can help us ___________ (3. sort) the books. And we encourage you ___________ (4. invite) more classmates to join. A: No problem! When shall we start? B: We’ll meet at the school gate at 9 a.m. tomorrow ___________ (5. take) the books to the bus station. (五)翻译句子 将下列句子翻译成英文(需包含不定式用法)。 1. 我们主动提出帮老人打扫房间。 _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 她去敬老院是为了给老人们唱歌。 _____________________________________________________________________ 3. 老师让我们制定一个志愿活动的计划。 _____________________________________________________________________ 4. 我希望能为有需要的人做更多事。 _____________________________________________________________________ 5. 他们鼓励那个女孩分享她的经历。 _____________________________________________________________________ 四、答案及解析 (一)用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. to organize(plan是“动词+to do”结构,后接不定式作宾语) 2. to join(encourage是“动词+宾语+to do”结构,需加to) 3. sing(hear是感官动词,后接“宾语+do”,省略to) 4. to help(want后接to do作宾语,固定搭配) 5. to stay(tell是“动词+宾语+to do”结构,需加to) 6. carry(see是感官动词,后接“宾语+do”,省略to) 7. to teach(offer后接to do作宾语,固定用法) 8. to do(continue后接to do作宾语,表“继续做某事”) 9. to collect(ask是“动词+宾语+to do”结构,需加to) 10. (to) find(help后可加to或省略to,两种形式均正确) (二)选择正确的选项 1. B(hope后接to do作宾语,不能直接接动词原形或动名词) 2. A(let是使役动词,后接“宾语+do”,省略to) 3. C(不定式to raise表目的,“组织书展的目的是筹款”) 4. A(see是感官动词,后接“宾语+do”,省略to) 5. B(encourage后接“宾语+to do”,固定搭配) 6. A(want后接to do作宾语,固定用法) 7. B(continue后接to do作宾语,表“继续做某事”) 8. C(tell sb. not to do sth. 是固定结构,否定词not放to前) 9. C(不定式to take表目的,“去公园的目的是拍照”) 10. A(help后可加to或省略to,B选项doing是动名词,C选项did是过去式,均不符合语法) (三)根据答语写问句 (答案不唯一,符合语法且匹配答语即可) 1. What do you plan to do to help left-behind children? 2. Why did she go to the hospital? 3. What did the teacher encourage you to do? 4. What do you want to learn to help deaf people? 5. Did you see anyone help the old man cross the road? (四)用不定式完成对话 1. to collect(want后接to do作宾语,固定搭配) 2. to organize(plan后接to do作宾语,表“计划做某事”) 3. (to) sort(help后可加to或省略to,两种形式均正确) 4. to invite(encourage后接“宾语+to do”,固定搭配) 5. to take(不定式表目的,“集合的目的是送书去车站”) (五)翻译句子 1. We offered to help the elderly clean their rooms.(offer后接to do作宾语,表“主动提出做某事”) 2. She went to the nursing home to sing for the elderly.(不定式to sing表目的) 3. The teacher let us make a plan for the voluntary activity.(let后接“宾语+do”,省略to) 4. I hope to do more things for those in need.(hope后接to do作宾语) 5. They encouraged the girl to share her experiences.(encourage后接“宾语+to do”,固定搭配) ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit1语法讲解及习题_不定式(Infinitives)2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册
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Unit1语法讲解及习题_不定式(Infinitives)2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册
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Unit1语法讲解及习题_不定式(Infinitives)2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册
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