Unit 5 Sports and sportsmanship-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语易错词汇精讲（沪外版）

初中·沪外版·7下 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 初中·沪外版·7下Unit5 Sports and sportsmanship 单元词汇总览 sportsmanship/'sp:tsmanfip/h.opponent/A'paunant/h.对手；竞kindness/'kamdn3s/n.仁慈；善 体育精神；运动员风范 争者 良；好意 shake /feik/v.m.摇动；摇晃；抖rank /raenk/n.v.等级；军衔：排federation/feds'ren/m.联邦； 动 列：把…分等级 联盟 respect/'spekt/v..h.尊敬；尊重；grant/gra:nt/v./n.授予；给予：补 European joara'pi:an/adj./n. 敬意 助金 洲的：欧洲人 judge/d3Ad3/.h.判断；断定；法unexpected/,nk'spektrd/adj..出 eat/tri:t/v.n.对待：看待：款待 官：裁判员 乎意料的：始料不及的 reason/'i:zm/nW.原因：理由： encourage /in'krId3w.鼓励：激allow/A'la/w.允许：准许；给予推理 励 rush /rAf/v.h.冲：匆忙：仓促importance/m'p3:tns/h.重要性； support./sa'po:tv.h.支持；拥护；chance /tfa:ns/n./v.机会；可能重要 支撑 性；偶然发生 achieve/'ti:v/w.(凭长期努力) mistake /mI'stek/n.v.错误：失 advantage/Ad'va:ntId3n.有利条达到：得到 误；误解 件：优势 reaction/ri'ekn/m.反应：▣应 teammate/'ti:mmert/n.队友：同 situation/,stu'eIn/h.情况：状 队队员 况：形势 易错词汇精讲 1.shake /feik.n.摇动摇晃；抖动 ·易错点：易混淆不规则动词变化，过去式/过去分词误写为shaked,正确形式为shook/shaken。 ·精讲：作动词时表示“摇动”，如shake hands(握手)：作名词时指“摇动”，如a shake of the head(摇头)。 ·例句：He shook his head and said”No.(他摇了摇头说“不”。) ·真题链接：（沪外版七年级下册同步练习）：She the bottle before drinking the juice (答案：shook) 2.respect /rI'spekt/v.h.尊敬；尊重；敬意 ·易错点：易忽略固定搭配中介词的使用，如误写为respect to sb.,正确搭配为respect sb.或have respect for sb.。 ·精讲：作动词时直接接宾语，作名词时常用搭配show respect for sb.(对某人表示尊重)。 初中·沪外版·7下 寒假专版 ·例句：We should respect our parents and teachers. ·真题链接：Everyone should have (尊重)for the elderly..(答案：respect) 3.judge/d3Ad3W.n.判断：断定；法官；裁判员 ·易错点：易混淆动词含义“判断”与名词含义“法官/裁判员”，导致语境中词性使用错误。 ·精讲：作动词时后接宾语从句，如judge that.;作名词时指“司法或比赛中的裁决者”。 ·例句：Don't judge a person by his appearance.(动词)The judge made a fair decision.(名词) ·真题链接：The (裁判员)blew the whistle to end the game.(答案：judge) 4.mistake /mI'steik/n./W.错误；失误；误解 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配make a mistake(犯错误)与by mistake(错误地)，介词使用易出错。 ·精讲：作名词时常用搭配make mistakes;作动词时表示“误解”，如mistake A for B（把A误 认为B) ·例句：I made a mistake in my math homework.(名词)She mistook me for my sister.(动词) ·真题链接：He took my pen mistake yesterday..(答案：by) 5.alow/3'la/w.允许；准许：给予 ·易错点：易漏写不定式符号to,误写为allow do sth.,正确结构为allow sb.to do sth.。 ·精讲：被动语态为be allowed to do sth.(被允许做某事)，否定形式为allow sb.not to do sth.。 ·例句：My parents don't allow me to stay up late. ·真题链接：Students are not allowed (smoke)in school..(答案：to smoke) 6.chance /tfa:ns/n.W.机会；可能性：偶然发生 ·易错点：易混淆“机会”与“可能性”含义，且固定搭配by chance(偶然)易误写为by a chance。 ·精讲：表示“机会”时，常用have a chance to do sth;表示“可能性”时，后接of doing sth.或 that从句。 ·例句：I have a chance to visit Beijing next month.(机会)There's a chance of rain today.(可能性) ·真题链接：I met my old friend chance in the supermarket.(答案：by) 7.situation/.stu'en/n.情况；状况；形势 ·易错点：易漏写中间的u,误写为situaition:且常用搭配ina.situation(处于…情况)中介 词易误用。 ·精讲：指“具体情境或形势”，如difficult situation(困境)，可用于There be句型描述情况。 ·例句：We need to deal with this situation carefully.. ·真题链接：In this (情况)，you should ask for help.(答案：situation) 初中·沪外版·7下 寒假专版 8.treat/tri:t/v.n.对待；看待：款待 ·易错点：易混淆动词“对待”与名词“款待”的用法，固定搭配treat sb.to sth.(用某物款待 某人)中介词易误写。 ·精讲：作动词时，treat sb.well/badly(善待/虐待某人)：作名词时，常用a treat(一次款待)。 ·例句：My uncle treated us to dinner last night..(动词)It's a real treat to see you..(名词) ·真题链接：She always treats her students her own children.(答案：as) 9.reason/riz/n.W.原因；理由；推理 ·易错点：易混淆“原因”与“推理”含义，固定搭配the reason for sth.(某事的原因)中介词 for易误写为of。 ·精讲：作名词时，后接for+名词/动名词；作动词时，reason with sb.(与某人讲道理)。 ·例句：What's the reason for your absence?(名词)He tried to reason with the angry customer.(动 词) ·真题链接：The main reason his success is hard work.(答案：for) 10.achieve/a'ti:v/w.(凭长期努力)达到；得到 ·易错点：易与reach混淆，achieve后常接抽象目标（如success),reach后接具体地点或目标 (如the top)。 ·精讲：常用搭配achieve one's goal/dream(实现目标/梦想)，主语通常为人。 ·例句：She worked hard to achieve her dream of becoming a doctor. ·真题链接：We can (实现)our goals if we keep trying.(答案：achieve) l1.reaction /ri'ekn/n.反应：回应 ·易错点：易误写为react(动词，反应)，忽略名词后缀-ion:固定搭配reaction to sth.（对某事 的反应)中介词to易漏写。 ·精讲：指“对刺激或事件的回应”，如a quick reaction(快速反应)。 ·例句：Her reaction to the news surprised us all ·真题链接：What was your (反应)when you heard the goodnews?(答案：reaction) 12.rank /raenk/n.N.等级；军衔；排列：把…分等级 ·易错点：作动词“排列”时，易混淆主动与被动用法，如误写为The students are rankedby height (正确)，而非ranked the students。 ·精讲：作名词时指“等级”，如top rank(顶级)：作动词时，常用rank.as.(把…列为…)。 ·例句：He ranks first in his class.(动词)She has the rank of captain.（名词) ·真题链接：This restaurant is (排列)as one of the best in the city.(答案：ranked) 初中·沪外版·7下 寒假专版 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.My father often his head when he disagrees with me. ●A.shakes ·B.shaked ·C.shaken 。D.shaking 2.We should show for the elderly and help them when they need it. ·A.respect to ●B.respect for ●C.respecting ●D.respected 3.Don't a book by its cover-this novel is actually very interesting. ·A.judge ●B.judgment 。C.judging ●D.to judge 4.I took her umbrella mistake this morning,so she had to walk in the rain. ●A.in ·B.by 。C.with .D.for 5.The teacher doesn't allow students mobile phones in class. ●A.use 初中·沪外版·7下 寒假专版 ·B.using ●C.to use ●D.used 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.What's the main (原因)for your late arrival at the meeting? 2.She has worked hard for years to (实现)her dream of becoming a writer. 3.The (裁判员)announced the winner after the final round of the competition. 4.We need to deal with this difficult (情况)as soon as possible. 5.Her quick (反应)to the emergency saved the child's life 3.三、首字母填空 1.If you make a m don't be afraid to correct it immediately. 2.My parents allow me to go out with friends o a week,usually on weekends. 3.Het me to a cup of coffee after helping me with my homework 4.There'sa c of rain this afternoon,so you should take an umbrella 5.The reason f his success is his hard work and never-give-up spirit. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He (mistake)the stranger for his old friend yesterday. 2.My brother was (allow)to join the school basketball team last month. 3.Would you mind (shake)hands with the new classmate? 4.She always treats her students with (respectful) 5.The doctor said that regular exercise can help (achieve)a healthy lifestyle 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.A4.B5.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.reason 2.achieve 3.judge 4.situation 5.reaction ·三、首字母填空 1.mistake 2.once 3.treated 4.chance 5.for 初中·沪外版·7下 寒假专版 ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.mistook 2.allowed 3.shaking 4.respect 5.achieve