Unit 5 Animals Helping People-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语易错词汇精讲（教科版）

8年级下教科版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 初中·教科版·8年级下Unit5 Animals Helping People 单元词汇总览 confidence/'konfidans/n.信心；nearly/nrali/adv.几乎；差不多；homeless/'heumlas/adj.无家可 信任；自信心 将近 归的 patient/pernt/adj.有耐心的n.hunting/'"hnt/n.打猎；狩猎v.advantage/ad'va:ntd/n.有利条 病人 打猎：搜寻(hunt的现在分词)件：优势：好处 condition /kan'dfn/n.条件；状well known/,wel'naUn/短语著sadness/'saednas/n.悲伤：忧伤 况：环境v.使适应：使健康 名的：众所周知的 passenger/'paesind3a(t)/n.乘客： disabled/d'serbld/adj.残疾的：for instance/fo:'nstans/短语例旅客 有缺陷的 如：比如 for a while/f:awai/短语一会 company/'kAmpani//n.公司：陪control/kan'tral/v.控制；支配儿：暂时 伴：同伴 n.控制；管理 易错词汇精讲 1.confidence/'kpnfidans/n.信心；信任；自信心 ·易错点：易与confident(adj.自信的)混淆，词性和搭配不同：易误写为confidance(多写字 母a)。 ·精讲：confidence是名词，常用搭配have confidence in sb./sth.(对某人某事有信心)：confident 是形容词，搭配be confident of/about sth.。 ·例句：She has great confidence in her ability to solve the problem ·真题链接：（教科版八年级下同步练习）：He lacks (信心)to speak in public.(答 案：confidence) 2.patient/'pent/adj.有耐心的n.病人 ·易错点：易混淆形容词含义与名词含义：易误写为patience(名词，耐心)。 ·精讲：作形容词时，固定搭配be patient with sb./sth.:作名词时，指“接受治疗的人”。 .(1)Our math teacher is very patient with us.(adj.)(2)The doctor is looking after his patients (n.) ·真题链接：（教科版八年级下单元测试）：Ms.Li is always with her students,so they love her.(答案：patient) 3.condition /kan'dn/n.条件：状况：环境v.使适应：使健康 8年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易忽略“状况”含义，仅记“条件”；作“条件”讲时，常用复数形式conditions。. ·精讲：表示“健康状况”时为不可数名词(in good condition):表示“条件”时常用复数(living conditions):动词含义易被忽略，如condition the soil(改良土壤)。 ·例句：The house is in very good condition after repair.. ·真题链接：The workers are trying to improve working (条件)in the factory.(答案： conditions) 4.company/'kmp3nin.公司：陪伴；同伴 ·易错点：易忽略“陪伴”含义，仅记“公司”；易误写为compony(字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：表示“陪伴”时为不可数名词(enjoy one's company):表示“公司”时为可数名词(a big company)。 ·例句：I enjoy the company of my friends during the trip. ·真题链接：His father works in a (公司)that makes computers.(答案：company) 5.control /kan'tra/v.控制：支配n.控制：管理 ·易错点：易混淆动词短语lose control(失控)与take control(掌控)；名词短语in control of(掌 管)与under control(被控制)。 ·精讲：作动词时，常用control sth./b.:作名词时，固定搭配out of control(失控)。 ·例句：The driver lost control of the car on the icy road, ·真题链s接：It's important to keep your emotions (控制)in difficult situations.(答案： under control) 6.homeless/'haumlas/adj..无家可归的 ·易错点：易误写为home less(错误拆分)，该词为合成形容词，需连写：易忽略其“-less”是 否定后缀。 ·精讲：由home+less(无…的)构成，类似词汇：careless(粗心的)，helpless(无助的)。 ·例句：Many volunteers help homeless people in winter. ·真题链接：（教科版八年级下阅读填空）：The (无家可归的)boy was taken to a shelter by the police..(答案：homeless) 7.advantage/ad'va:nt3yn.有利条件；优势；好处 ·易错点：易与disadvantage(缺点)混淆；固定搭配take advantage of(利用)易漏写of。 ·精讲：常用短语have an advantage over(比…有优势)：take advantage of sb./sth.(利用某人/某 物)。 ·例句：Being tall is an advantage in playing basketball. 8年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：We should take (优势)of every chance to practice English.(答案：ad vantage） 8.passenger/'pasind3a(t)/n.乘客；旅客 ·易错点：易误写为passager(字母顺序错误，少n多a):易与passer-by(路人)混淆。 ·精讲：指“交通工具上的乘客”，如bus passenger;passer-by指“路过的人”，复数为passers-by。 ·例句：All passengers must show their tickets before getting on the train. ·真题链接：The bus stopped to pick up more (乘客)at the next station.(答案：pas sengers) 9.well known/,wel'naon/短语著名的：众所周知的 ·易错点：易误写为wll-kowm(连字符形式)，作定语时可用连字符，作表语时常用分开形式。 ·精讲：作表语时，不加连字符(He is well known);作定语时可加连字符(a well-.known writer)。 ·例句：Yao Ming is well known as a basketball player. ·真题链接：This is a (众所周知的)fact that water is important for life.(答案：well known） 10.for instance/f:'mnstans/短语例如；比如 ·易错点：易与such as混淆，for instance后可接句子或短语，such as后接名词/名词短语。 ·精讲：for instance可置于句首、句中或句末，前后常用逗号隔开：such as不能接句子。 ·例句：Many students,for instance,John,like playing football. ·真题链接：Some animals, (例如)pandas and tigers,.are in danger..(答案：for instance) l1.for a while/fo:3wal/短语一会儿；暂时 ·易错点：易漏写a,误写为for while:易与in a while(不久之后)混淆含义。 ·精讲：for a while表示“持续一段时间”(stay for a while):in a while表示“过一会儿”(I'llbe back in a while)。 ·例句：Could you wait for a while?I need to make a call. ·真题链接：He sat on the chair and rested _(一会儿)after running.(答案：for a while) l2.nearly/nali/adv.几乎；差不多：将近 ·易错点：易与almost混淆，nearly可与not连用(not nearly远非)，almost不可；nearly后接 具体数字更常见。 ·精讲：nearly强调“接近但未完全达到”(nearly 100 people):almost语气更强(almost finished)。 8年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·例句：Nearly all the students passed the exam. ·真题链接：'s (将近)seven o'clock,and we need to hurry to school..(答案：nearly) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.He lacks to speak in front of the class. ●A.confident ●B.confidence 。C.confidance 。D.confidently 2.My mother is always with my little sister when she does homework. ●A.patient ●B.patience ·C.patients 。D.patiently 3.The living in the countryside have improved a lot in recent years. ·A.condition ●B.conditions ●C.conditional 。D.conditioning 4.We should take of every chance to practice speaking English. ●A.advantage ·B.disadvantage 8年级下教科版 寒假专版 C.advance 。D.adventure 5.The car went control on the wet road and hit a tree. ·A.in ·B.under 。C.out of ·D.with 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The doctor is treating several (病人) with the new medicine. 2.The old house is in good (状况) after being repaired. 3.I enjoy the (陪伴) of my family during the Spring Festival. 4.Many volunteers are helping (无家可归的) people in the street. 5.It's (将近) midnight， and we need to goto bed. 3.三、首字母填空 1.C is important for succes. You should believe in yourself. 2.The company offers good working c for its employees. 3.Could you wait for aw ?I need to finish this email first. 4.P must show their tickets before boarding the train. 5.He is well k for his excellent basketball skills. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is (confidence) that she will pass the exam. 2.The teacher told us to keep our classroom (control) during the test. 3.We should learn to take (advantage) of the resources around us. 4.My father works in a (company) that sells electronic products. 5.(instance) ， some students like studying in the morning， while others prefer the evening. 5.参考答案 8年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3B4.A5.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.patients 2.condition 3.company 4.homeless 5.nearly ·三、首字母填空 1.Confidence 2.conditions 3.while 4.Passengers 5.known ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.confident 2.under control 3.advantage 4.company 5.For instance