Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism-2025-2026学年九年级下册英语易错词汇精讲（教科版）

9年级下册教科版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 初中·教科版·9年级下册Unit9 Optimism and Pessimism 单元词汇总览 pessimism/'pesimizam/n.悲观；的；乐观主义的 罕见地 悲观主义 pessimist/'pesimIst/n.悲观主义quit /kwit/V. (quit/quitted, negatively/'negatrvli/av.消极者；悲观论者 quit/quitted)离开；辞职：放弃 地：否定地；负面地 pessimistic/.pesimI'stik/adj.悲military/'milatri/adj.军事的；军 positively/'PDzatrvli//av.积极观的；悲观主义的 用的：军队的n.军队；军方 地：肯定地：确实地 positive/'pDz3tIv/ad.积极的；肯her'oine/'heraum/.n.女英雄：女 centred/'sentad/adj..以…为中定的：正面的n.正数；正片 主角：女豪杰 心的：居中的 hot attack /hot a'taek短语急性chart /tfa:t/n.图表；海图：排行 cliff/kf/n.悬崖；峭壁 发作 榜V.绘制图表：记录 optimist/'DptmIst/n.乐观主义tend to/tend tu:/短语倾向于；往examining1g'zemmu/V.检查： 者：乐天派 往会；照料 调查；考试(examine的现在分 optimistic/,Dpt'mIstik/adj.乐观rarely/'reli/adw.很少；难得；词) 易错词汇精讲 l.pessimist/'pesimist/.n.悲观主义者：悲观论者 ·易错点：易与同根词pessimism(n.悲观主义)、pessimistic(adj.悲观的)混淆，词性和用法 易混淆。 ·精讲：pessimist指“人”，pessimism指抽象概念“悲观主义”，pessimistic是形容词，搭配be pessimistic about sth. ·例句：A pessimist always focuses on the negative side of things. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：He is a who never believes good things will happen..(答案：pessimist) 2.optimistic/,Dptr'mIstrk/adj.乐观的：乐观主义的 ·易错点：易误写为optimist(n.乐观主义者)，忽略形容词后缀-ic:固定搭配中介词易误用 with,正确搭配为be optimistic about。. ·精讲：后接about sth.表示“对…乐观”，反义词为pessimistic about。 ·例句：She is always optimistic about her future.. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：My mother is optimistic (介词)our trip to the mountains.(答案：about) 9年级下册教科版 寒假专版 3.positive/'pDzatIv/ad.积极的：肯定的：正面的n.正数；正片 ·易错点：作形容词时易与active混淆(positive侧重“态度积极”，active侧重“行动主动”)： 作名词“正数”时易与plus混淆。 ·精讲：形容词搭配positive attitude(积极态度)：名词指数学中的“正数”，反义词为negative (负数)。 ·例句：(l)She has a positive view on life.(adj.)(2)in math,5 is a positive number.(n.) ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：We should keep a (积极的)attitude when facing difficulties.(答案：positive) 4.quit /kwit/v.(quit/quitted,quit/quitted)离开；辞职；放弃 ·易错点：过去式和过去分词易误写为quited(正确形式为quit或quitted);后接动词时易漏加 -ing,正确搭配为quit doing sth.。 ·精讲：quit表示“放弃做某事”时，后接动名词，如quit smoking(戒烟)。 ·例句：He decided to quit his job and travel around the world. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：My father has quitted (smoke)for two years.(答案：smoking） 5.tend to /tend tu:/短语倾向于；往往会；照料 ·易错点：作“倾向于”时易误接动词原形，忽略to为不定式符号，正确结构为tend to do sth.: 易与intend to(打算)混淆。 ·精讲：表示“某人/某物往往会…”，描述习惯性行为，如She tends to get up early. ·例句：Children tend to ask many questions.. ·真题链接：：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：People in this area tend (eat)spicy food (答案：to eat). 6.rarely/'reali//adv.很少；难得；罕见地 ·易错点：易误用于句首时不倒装（否定副词置于句首时，句子需部分倒装）：易与hrdy混淆 (rarely侧重“频率低”，hardly侧重“程度几乎不”)。 ·精讲：置于句首时，助动词提前，如Rarely does she go out at night. ·例句：He rarely watches TV on weekdays ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：Rarely (do)my brother play computer games..(答案：does) 7.military/milatri/adj.军事的；军用的；军队的n.军队；军方 ·易错点：作形容词时易误与amy(n.军队)混淆：作名词时单复数同形，易误加s。 ·精讲：形容词搭配military uniform(军装)：名词指“军队”，集合名词，如the military(军方)。 9年级下册教科版 寒假专版 ·例句：The military training made him stronger. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：He joined the (军队)when he was 18. (答案：military) 8.heroine/'heraum/n.女英雄；女主角；女豪杰 ·易错点：易与heroin(n.海洛因)混淆（仅一个字母之差，发音和含义完全不同）：易误写为 hero(n.英雄，指男性)。 ·精讲：指“女性英雄”或“文学/电影中的女主角”，对应男性为hro。 ·例句：Mulan is a famous heroine in Chinese history. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：The (女主角)of the movie is a brave doctor..(答案：heroine) 9.examining/1g'zenm/v.检查；调查；考试(examine的现在分词) ·易错点：易误写为examing(漏写中间的i,正确拼写为examining):易与check混淆(examine 侧重“仔细检查细节”，check侧重“核对是否正确”)。 ·精讲：现在分词形式常作定语或状语，如a doctor examining a patient。 ·例句：The teacher is examining our homework now ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：The doctor spent two hours (检查)he patient..(答案：examining） 10.hot attack /hpt3'tek/短语急性发作 ·易错点：易误译为“热攻击”，忽略其医学固定含义“急性发作”：易漏写冠词，正确表达为 have a hot attack。 ·精讲：指疾病（如心脏病、哮喘等)的“急性发作”，为固定医学短语。 ·例句：The old man had a hot attack last night and was sent to hospital,. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：My grandfather had a (急性发作)of heart disease.(答案：hot attack) ll.centred/'sentad/adj.以…为中心的：居中的 ·易错点：美式拼写易误写为centered(教科版教材采用英式拼写centred);固定搭配中介词易 误用imn,正确搭配为be centred on/around。. ·精讲：表示“以…为中心”，如a family centred on children(以孩子为中心的家庭)。 ·例句：The discussion was centred on environmental protection. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：Our class meeting is centred (介词)the topic of“friendship”.(答案：on) 12.chart/tfa:t//n.图表：海图：排行榜v.绘制图表：记录 9年级下册教科版 寒假专版 ·易错点：作动词时易误与ma即p混淆(chat侧重“用图表记录数据”，map侧重“绘制地理位 置”)：作名词“排行榜”时易与Iist混淆。 ·精讲：动词搭配chart the data(绘制数据图表)；名词指“统计图表”，如a bar chart(柱状图)。 ·例句：The scientist charted the changes in temperature over ten years. ·真题链接：（教科版九年级下册单元测试）：Please (绘制图表)the sales figures for this month.(答案：chat) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.She is always about her future and never loses hope. ●A.pessimist ●B.optimistic ●C.positive ●D.pessimistic 2.My father decided to smoking because it's bad for his health 。A.quit ●B.quitted ·C.quiting 。D.to quit 3. does she go out alone at night,so her parents never worry about her. 。A.Often ●B.Sometimes 。C.Rarely ·D.Always 4.The class meeting will be on the topic of“how to learn English well” 9年级下册教科版 寒假专版 ·A.centred in ●B.centred on ●C.centre at ●D.centre around 5.You should keep a attitude when facing difficulties instead of giving up. ·A.positive ●B.active ·C.negative ·D.pessimistic 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.A (悲观主义者)always focuses on the negative side of everything. 2.My grandfather had a (急性发作)of heart disease last night. 3.He joined the (军队)when he was 18 years old. 4.The scientist spent two hours (检查)the data carefully. 5.Please (绘制图表)the sales figures for this month on the paper.. 3.三、首字母填空 1.People in this area t to eat spicy food because of the climate. 2.The h of the movie is a brave doctor who saved many lives. 3.Her watches TV on weekdays,so he has more time to study. 4.The discussion was c on environmental protection and pollution. 5.Them training made the students stronger and more disciplined. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.My brother has quitted (smoke)for three years. 2.Rarely (do)she late for school,because she gets up early every day. 3.Children tend (ask)many questions when they are curious about something. 4.The teacher is (examine)our homework now,so we need to be quiet 9年级下册教科版 寒假专版 5.The story is about a (heroine)who fought against the enemy bravely. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3.C4.B5.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.pessimist 2.hot attack 3.military 4.examining 5.chart ·三、首字母填空 1.tend 2.heroine 3.rarely 4.centred 5.military ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.smoking 2.does 3.to ask 4.examining 5.heroine