核心时态与语态1-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（重大版）

高中语法重庆大学版 【语法全解】 核心时态与语态 语法专版 核心时态与语态 重庆大学版高中英语语法全解 考频分析 重庆大学版高中语法中，核心时态与语态是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的25%左右，贯穿试 卷所有核心题型：单项选择3-4题、完形填空4-5题、语法填空3-4题、书面表达核心考察，直接 影响句子逻辑性与表达准确性。在语境理解类题目中，时态的时间状语提示、语态的主动被动关系 及主谓一致往往是解题关键。 考查内容 一般时态与进行时态是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所有核 心题型：单项选择23题、完形填空3-4题、语法填空2-3题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子 时态准确性与语境合理性。在语境理解类题目中，一般时态与进行时态的辨析及时间状语提示往往 是解题关键。 知识点一：一般时态与进行时态 1.一般时态核心考点： ·一般现在时（客观事实、经常性动作） ·一般过去时（过去特定时间动作） ·一般将来时(wi/shall/be going to辨析)的结构构成、时间状语匹配及主谓一致 2.进行时态核心考点： 。现在进行时（此刻/现阶段动作) ·过去进行时（过去某时正在进行） ·将来进行时（将来某时正在进行）的基本结构、标志词(now/at this moment/hen等)及语境判 断 3.综合应用与辨析： ·一般时态与进行时态的对比（如一般现在时表习惯Vs现在进行时表临时动作） 1 高中语法重庆大学版 【语法全解】 核心时态与语态 ·时间状语冲突时的时态选择 ·语境中时态一致性判断 知识点二：必考时态和被动语态 1.现在完成进行时（从过去开始持续到现在并仍在进行的动作） ●时间标志词：since+时间点（如since last year)、for+时间段（如for2 hours)、all morning/afternoon ·主动语态：主语+have/has been+动词现在分词(doing) 1.I have been studying English for 3 years 2.She has been waiting for you since 8 o'clock ●被动语态：主语+have/has been being+动词过去分词 1.This project has been being worked on by the team for a month 2.The flowers have been being watered by her since this morning. 2.将来进行时（将来某个时刻正在发生的动作） 。时间标志词：at this time tomorrow,at9p.m.next Monday ·主动语态：主语+will be+动词现在分词(doing) 1.I will be flying to Beijing at this time tomorrow. 2.They will be having a meeting at 3 p.m.next Friday. ·被动语态：主语+will be being+动词过去分词 1.The report will be being discussed by the managers at 10 a.m.tomorrow. 2.A party will be being held by them at this time next Sunday. 3.过去将来时（从过去的角度看将要发生的动作） 。时间标志词：the next day,soon after that ·主动语态：主语+would+动词原形或主语+was/were going to+动词原形 1.He said he would visit his grandparents the next week. 2.She told me she was going to buy a new bike soon after that. ·被动语态：主语+would be+动词过去分词或主语+was/were going to be+动词过去分词 1.A surprise party would be held for her by us the next day. 2.The letter was going to be sent by him soon after that. 4.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别（动作是否与现在有联系） ·关键区别： l1.现在完成时：强调过去动作对现在的影响或动作持续到现在（常与already,yet,for,since连 用) 2 高中语法重庆大学版 【语法全解】 核心时态与语态 2.一般过去时：仅表示过去发生的动作，与现在无关（常与yesterday,last week等具体过去时 间词连用) ·对比例句： l.I have seen this movie.(强调现在知道电影内容) 2.I saw this movie last month.(仅说明上个月看了电影) 5.主动语态变被动语态的步骤（通用规则） 1.找出主动句中的宾语，作为被动句的主语 2.将主动句的谓语动词变为be+过去分词”形式，be动词的时态和数与新主语一致 3.原主动句的主语前加by,放在被动句末尾(by短语可省略) 4.例句转换： 主动：They built this bridge in2010. 被动：This bridge was built by them in20l0 6.含有情态动词的被动语态(can/nay/must/.should等) 。结构：主语+情态动词+be+动词过去分词 ·例句： 1.This work can be finished today. 2.The door must be closed when you leave. 3.Your homework should be handed in on time. 7.被动语态的特殊用法（不及物动词无被动语态） ·说明：Vi.(不及物动词)如ha即pe,occur,,appear等，无被动语态 。例句： 错误：The accident was happened yesterday. 正确：The accident happened yesterday. 知识点三：核心时态与语态 1.一般现在时 。表示经常性/习惯性动作：She usually gets up at6:30a.m. 。表示客观真理/事实：The earth goes around the sun, 。表示主语的能力/特征：He speaks English very well. 。时间/条件状语从句中表将来：I will call you when she arrives. 。按计划/时刻表发生的动作：The train leaves at8:00 tomorrow morning. 2.一般过去时 3 高中语法重庆大学版 【语法全解】 核心时态与语态 。表示过去某时发生的动作：They visited the museum last Sunday. 。过去一段时间内的习惯：He often walked to school when he was young ·与过去时间状语连用：I finished my homework at9p.m.yesterday.. 。描述过去连续发生的动作：She got up,brushed her teeth and had breakfast. 3.一般将来时 。will+动词原形：We will have a picnic next weekend.. 。be going to+动词原形（计划/预测）：It is going to rain this afternoon, ●be about to+动词原形（即将发生）：The bus is about to leave.. 。时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来：I will tell her when I see her.. 4.现在完成时 ●表示过去动作对现在的影响：I have finished my homework,so I can go out. ●表示从过去持续到现在的动作：He has lived here for five years. 。与already/yet/ever/never连用：Have you ever been to Beijing? 。与since+过去时间点for+时间段连用：We have known each other since20l8. 5.被动语态 。一般现在时被动：am/is/are+过去分词：English is spoken all over the world. 。一般过去时被动：was/were+过去分词：The bridge was built in20l0 。一般将来时被动：wibe+过去分词：A new hospital will be built next year. 。情态动词被动：情态动词+be+过去分词：This work must be finished today. 考法精析 考法一：时态与时间状语的搭配规则 时间状语与时态匹配表（高中核心） 时态类型 常见时间状语 例句 一般现在时 always,usually,often,every day She often practices piano in the morning 一般过去时 yesterday,last week,in 2020,ago They visited the museum last Sunday. 般将来时 tomorrow,next year,.soon,in+时间段 We will have a party in three days. 现在进行时 now,at present,look!,listen! Listen!Someone is singing in the hall 过去进行时 at8p.m.yesterday,when+一般过去时 He was reading when the phone rang. 时间状语易错点纠正（高考高频） 1.since+过去时间点→现在完成时（不可用一般过去时） 错误：I lived here since2018. 4 高中语法重庆大学版 【语法全解】 核心时态与语态 正确：I have lived here since20l8. 2.fo+时间段→现在完成时/过去完成时（不可用一般过去时表持续） 错误：He worked in this company for 10 years. 正确：He has worked in this company for 100 years.. 考法二：一般现在时表将来的用法 核心：根据语境判断是否为按计划、时刻表或固定安排的将来动作 真题1（语法填空）： The plane (take)off at 9:30 a.m.tomorrow.Let's hurry to the airport. 答案：takes 解析：由'tomorrow”和”飞机起飞”的语境可知，此处表示按时刻表安排的将来动作，用一般现在 时：主语'the plane”为第三人称单数，take的三单形式为takes。 真题2（单项选择)： Our school _on September 1st next year. A.start B.starts C.started D.will start 答案：B 解析：由"next year和”学校开学”的固定日程可知，此处用一般现在时表将来：主语”our school' 为三单，谓语动词用starts. 考法三：时态与被动语态的综合应用 核心：结合时间状语判断时态，依据动作主被动关系确定语态 真题1（单项选择）： The project_by the team for a month and they will finish it soon. A.has been worked B.has been being worked C.was worked D.is being worked 答案：B 解析：由时间标志词'for a month”可知动作从过去持续到现在并仍在进行，需用现在完成进行时； 主语'project"'是动作"work”的承受者，用被动语态，结构为has been being+过去分词'。 真题2（语法填空)： A meeting-(hold)by them at 9 a.m.tomorrow morning.Please arrive on time. 答案：will be being held 解析：由时间标志词'at9a.m.tomorrow morning”可知动作发生在将来某个时刻，需用将来进行时： 主语”meeting”是动作hold'的承受者，用被动语态，结构为”will be being+过去分词”。 高中语法重庆大学版 【语法全解】 核心时态与语态 解题小妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境： 将来动作辨类型，时刻表用一现表，计划安排进行时： 主动结构记”主谓”，被动必带be和done”: 被动中be最关键，记住be就OK; 一现被动'am/is/are'”,一过被动was/were”: 进行被动要用being'”,完成被动'have/has/had been”: 将来被动will be”,最后加上一个done。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择 1.The plane at 9:00 tomorrow morning,so my parents_to the airport at 7:30.They_when I called them just now. A.leaves;are going;were packing B.will leave;go;packed C.is leaving;will go;are packing D.left;went;were packing 答案：A 演练二：语法填空 1.The library_(open)at 8:00 a.m.every day and(close)at 9:00 p.m. 2.Last night,I(read)a book there when a friend(call)me. 3.Many books-(borrow)from it every week because it has a large collection 答案：opens;closes;was reading:called:are borrowed 答案区 演练一：1.A 演练二：1.opens2.closes3.was reading4.called5.are borrowed 6