特殊结构与综合语法 强调与倒装系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（译林版）

高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 语法专版 【专题】强调与倒装系统讲解 语法系统讲解 考频分析 译林版高中特殊结构与综合语法中，强调与倒装是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯 穿试卷核心题型：单项选择34题、语法填空2-3题、阅读理解（复杂句式理解辅助）、书面表达 (句式优化提升表达效果)。在结构分析类题目中，强调句的连接词选择、倒装的语序规则及语境适 用性往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分的基本结构与句式转换（如强调主语、宾语、 状语) ·倒装结构：完全倒装(here/there/now/then等副词置于句首)与部分倒装（否定副词、only+状语、 so/such.that等置于句首)的构成规则 ·语境应用：在阅读理解中识别强调与倒装表达的语气强化作用，在书面表达中恰当运用以增强句式 多样性与表达效果 知识点一：强调与倒装的基本结构及用法 1.强调句（突出句子某一成分） 1.基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分（被强调部分指人时可用who) 2.例句： ●It was Tom who broke the window yesterday.(强调主语Tom) 。It is in the park that we will have a picnic.(强调地点状语in the park) 2.部分倒装（将助动词/情态动词/系动词置于主语之前）》 1.常见触发词：否定副词(never/seldom/hardly)、”only+状语”、so/neither/hor(表”也/也不') 2.例句： 1 高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 。Never have I seen such a beautiful place..(否定词never置于句首，助动词have提前) 。Only by working hard can we achieve our goals.(”only+介词短语”置于句首，情态动词can提前) 3.完全倒装（将谓语动词完全置于主语之前） l.常见情况：表示方位的副词(here/there/out/in)或介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词 2.例句： 。Here comes the bus.(副词here置于句首，谓语comes提前，主语the bus为名词) 。On the top of the hill stands an old temple.(介词短语置于句首，谓语stands提前，主语an old temple 为名词) 知识点二：强调句型与倒装结构 1.强调句型（突出句子某一成分：主语、宾语、状语） 1.基本结构：It is/was-+被强调部分+that/who+句子其余部分（被强调部分为人时可用who,其他情 况用that) 2.例句： ·It is Tom who/.that helped me yesterday.(强调主语Tom) ●It was a book that she bought last week.(强调宾语a book) 。It was in the park that they met for the first time..(强调地点状语in the park) 3.特殊注意点：去掉It is/was..that/who后，句子结构仍完整（判断是否为强调句的依据） 4.例句： ●原句：She gave me a pen yesterday. ·强调句：It was a pen that she gave me yesterday..(去掉后：She gave me a pen yesterday.结构完整) 2.部分倒装（将助动词/情态动词/系动词提到主语前） 1.否定词位于句首时(never,hardly,,seldom,not only..but also,etc.) ·结构：否定词+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+动词原形过去分词/现在分词 。例句： 1.Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(否定词never位于句首，助动词have提到主语I前) 2.Hardly had he arrived when it began to rain.(否定词hardly位于句首，助动词had提到主语he 前) 2.”Only+状语”位于句首时(only then,only in this way,,only by doing sth.) 高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 ·结构：Oy+状语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词/现在分词 ·例句： 1.Only in this way can we solve the problem.(Only+方式状语位于句首，情态动词cn提到主 语we前) 2.Only then did I realize my mistake.(Only+时间状语位于句首，助动词did提到主语I前，动 词用原形realize) 3.完全倒装（将谓语动词全部提到主语前，主语多为名词） 1.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时(in front of the house,.on the wall,.etc.) ·结构：地点状语+谓语动词+主语 ·例句： 1.In front of the classroom stands a big tree.（地点状语in front of the classroom位于句首，谓语 stands提到主语a big tree前) 2.On the wall hang two beautiful pictures.(地点状语On the wall位于句首，谓语hang提到主语 two beautiful pictures) 2.there be句型（表存在，be动词随后面名词单复数变化） 。结构：There+be+主语+其他 。例句： 1.There is a library in our school..(主语a library为单数，be动词用is) 2.There are many students on the playground.(主语many students为复数，be动词用are) 知识点三：强调与倒装 1.强调句型（中考核心) 1.基础结构（必背)： ·It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他→例句：It was Mary who helped me yesterday..(强调人 用who) 。It is/was+时间状语+that+其他一→例句：It was in2020 that we moved to this city. ·It is/was+地点状语+that+其他→例句：It is in the park that we often meet, 2.特殊考点（易错)： ·强调句的疑问形式：Is it you who cleaned the room? ·强调句与定语从句的区分：It was the factory where he worked.(定语从句，有地点先行词)vsIt was in the factory that he worked..(强调句) 3 高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 2.部分倒装（中考常考) 1.否定词置于句首： ●Never+助动词+主语+谓语→例句：Never have I seen such a beautiful place. ●HardIy..when..(刚…就…)→例句：Hardly had we arrived when it started to rain ·Not only..but also.(前倒后不倒)→例句：Not only does he speak English,but he also speaks French, 2.特殊句型倒装： ·So+adj./adv.+助动词+主语→例句：So fast does he run that no one can catch him. 。Only+状语+助动词+主语→例句：Only in this way can we solve the problem. 3.全部倒装（中考了解） 1.方位副词/介词短语置于句首： 。Here/There+动词+主语（名词）→例句：Iere comes the bus.(主语为代词不倒装：Here it comes.) In front of the house stood a tall tree Out rushed the children when the bell rang. 考法精析 考法一：强调句结构辨析 核心：识别被强调部分（主语/宾语/状语等)，正确使用强调句基本结构It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+其他成分” 真题1（语法填空）： It was yesterdayI met my old friend in the street. 答案：that 解析：被强调部分为时间状语'yesterday',强调句结构中被强调部分为非人称时用that连接。 真题2（单项选择)： _broke the window yesterday. A.It was Tom who B.Tom was who C.Who was Tom D.Was it Tom who 答案：A 解析：根据强调句基本结构'It is/was+被强调部分(Tom)+who+其他成分”，此处被强调部分指 人，用who连接，完整结构为It was Tom who broke the window yesterday,题干为该结构的陈述语 序，故选A。 考法二：非谓语动词与强调句融合 4 高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 核心：在强调句框架中识别非谓语动词的成分及形式，需同时满足强调结构(It is/was+被强调部 分+that/who)和非谓语动词的语法功能（如作主语、状语等） 真题1（语法填空）： It is_(learn)English through practice that really improves your language skills. 答案：learning 解析：强调句结构中被强调部分需充当主语，结合知识点二动名词作主语表习惯性行为的用法， leam应变为动名词形式learning。 真题2（单项选择)： It was to catch the early bus_she got up at 5 o'clock this morning A.why B.that C.how D.when 答案：B 解析：句中'to catch the early bus'”为动词不定式作目的状语（知识点二），整体符合强调句''It was+ 被强调部分（目的状语)+hat+其他成分”的结构（知识点一），故选B。 考法三：强调句、倒装与名词性从句的综合运用 核心：在复杂语境中辨析强调句结构，判断部分倒装的触发条件，同时结合名词性从句的引导词选择。 真题1（单项选择)： It was in the labwas built last year-they finished the experiment. A.which that B.that which C.where that D.which where 答案：A 解析：第一空为定语从句，先行词lab”指物，关系代词用which/that:第二空构成强调句结构It was+被强调部分（地点状语in the lab)+that+其他成分”，强调句中只能用that。 真题2（语法填空)： Never before_(we realize)how important it is to protect the environment until we read that report.What surprises us most is-the air quality has improved a lot in recent years. 答案：have we realized that 解析：第一空否定副词'Never”置于句首，句子需部分倒装，结合before”可知用现在完成时，助动 词have提前：第二空引导表语从句，从句成分完整且无含义，用that引导。 解题小妙招 强调句型有特点，It is was放句前； 被强调部分跟着走，人用who物that连： 其余成分不可变，去掉框架意不变： 5 高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 非谓融合看成分，主宾用动名，状用不定式： 名词从句作强调，引导词要先辨清： that连接是关键，固定结构记心间。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.It was in this room we held the important meeting last week. A.which B.that C.where D.when 2.Never_such a difficult problem in my life. A.I have met B.have I met C.I met D.met I 3.-English well requires consistent practice every day. A.Learn B.To learn C.Learning D.Learned 4.The teacher asked us(not talk)during the exam. A.don't talk B.not talk C.not to talk D.not talking 5.It is-(surprise)that he finished the task in only two hours. A.surprised B.surprising C.surprise D.to surprise 6.I wonderwe will have a picnic this weekend A.that B.if C.what D.how 7.It was_(solve)the problem that took him the whole afternoon. A.solve B.solving C.to solve D.solved 8.-she said at the meeting moved everyone present. A.What B.That C.Which D.Where 9.Only by reading widely-improve your writing skills. A.you can B.can you C.you do D.do you 10.The man-is standing at the door is our new teacher. A.whom B.which C.who D.whose 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.It was Tom_(break)the window yesterday. 2.She gets up early_(catch)the first bus every morning. 3.-(swim)is one of my favorite sports. 4.It is important(learn)to cooperate with others. 5.Never_(I see)such a beautiful sunset before. 6 高中译林版 【语法专版】 特殊结构与综合语法 6.The question is we can finish the project on time. 7.He suggested(hold)a party to celebrate the victory. 8.Here_(come)the bus!Let's hurry. 9.It was _(because)he was ill that he missed the class. 10.(what)you decide,I will support you. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Many students find English grammar challenging,but with practice,it can be mastered.Here are some tips: First,.l._(master)tenses is key.For example,if the主句is in the past,.the宾语从句often2.一(use)a past tense too,unless it's a universal truth. Second,pay attention to non.3.(read)English novels regularly helps improve vocabulary. Also,remember that verbs like“enjoy”or“suggest”are followed by4._(do)foms. Third,learn to use emphasis structures.It was 5.(during)the summer vacation that I really improved my speaking skills by talking with foreigners. Fourth,can make sentences more vivid.Hardly 6.(I arrive)home when it started to rain heavily. Finally,名词性从句are common in exams.The teacher asked7._we planned to do after graduation.My answer was 8.I wanted to study abroad. Remember,grammar is not just rules but a tool for communication.9.(practice)daily,and you 10. (find)it easier to use English fluently. 答案区 演练-：1B2B3.C4.C5.B6B7.B8.A9.B10.C 1.who broke 2.to catch 3.Swimming 4.to learn 5.have I seen 6.whether 7.holding 8.comes 9.be- cause 10.Whatever 1.mastering 2.uses 3.Reading 4.doing 5.during 6.had I arrived 7.what 8.that 9.Practice 10.will find 7