基础词法 介词与连词系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（译林版）

高中译林版 【基础词法】 介词与连词系统讲解 语法专项 介词与连词系统讲解 译林版高中英语语法全解 考频分析 译林版高中基础词法中，介词与连词是重点语法模块，考频占词法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所 有核心题型：单项选择(2-3题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（核心考察， 直接影响句子逻辑与连贯性)。在语境理解类题日中，介词的搭配及连词的逻辑关系辨析往往是解 题关键。 考查内容 。介词分类应用：时间介词(in/on/at)、地点介词(in/on/at)、方式介词(by/with/through)的辨析与 固定搭配 ·连词功能辨析：并列连词(and/but/or)、从属连词(because/if/although)的逻辑关系与句法作用 ·介词与连词的语境综合运用：介词短语作状语/定语的搭配规则，复合句中连词与句子结构的匹配 知识点一：介词与连词的分类及基础用法 1.介词（表示词与词之间的关系，后接名词/代词/动名词） 1.常见类型： ●时间介词(in/on/at) 。地点介词(in/on/at/under/behind) 。方式介词(by/with/through) 。原因介词(for/because of) 2.例句： ●We will have a party on Sunday..(时间介词，后接具体日期) ●The book is under the desk.(地点介词，后接名词短语表位置) 2.连词（连接词、短语或句子） 高中译林版 【基础词法】介词与连词系统讲解 1.并列连词（连接并列成分）：and(和)、but(但是)、or(或者)、s0(所以) ●例句：She likes singing and dancing. 。例句：He tried hard but failed. 2.从属连词（引导从句）：because(因为)、if(如果)、when（当…时)、that(引导宾语从句) ●例句：I didn't go out because it rained. ●例句：She said that she would come back soon. 知识点二：常用介词与连词辨析 1.常用介词（表示时间、地点、方式等关系） 1.时间介词 ●at(具体时刻)：at6o'clock(在6点)、at noon(在中午) ◆in(年/月/季节/泛指上午下午/晚上)：in2023(在2023年)、in summer(在夏天)、in the morning (在早上) 。on(具体日期/星期/特定某天的上午/下午/晚上)：on Monday(在周一)、on June1st(在6月1 日)、on a rainy afternoon(在一个下雨的下午) ●for(持续时间)：for two hours(持续两小时) ●since(从过去某时起至今)：since2020(自从2020年起) 2.地点介词 ·in(在…内部)：in the room(在房间里)、in China(在中国) ·on(在…表面，有接触)：on the desk(在桌子上)、on the wall(在墙上) ●at(小地点或具体位置)：at the station(在车站)、at the door(在门口) ●under(在…正下方)：under the chair(在椅子下) 。behind(在…后面)：behind the tree（在树后面) 3.方式介词 。by(交通工具/方式)：by bus(乘公交)、by reading(通过阅读) ·with(用具体工具)：write with a pen(用钢笔写) 。in(用材料/语言)：in English(用英语)、in ink(用墨水) 2.常用连词（连接词、短语或句子） 1.并列连词（连接并列成分) 。and(和，表并列)：I like apples and bananas. 2 高中译林版 【基础词法】介词与连词系统讲解 。but(但是，表转折)：He is young but very clever.. ●or(或者，表选择)：Do you want tea or coffee? 。so(所以，表结果)：It israining,so we stay at home. 2.从属连词（引导从句） ●because(因为，引导原因状语从句)：I was late because I missed the bus.. 。if(如果，引导条件状语从句)：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home. 。when（当…时，引导时间状语从句)：I was reading when he came in. 。that(引导宾语从句，无意义可省略)：She says(that)she is happy. 3.转折/对比连词 ·although/though（虽然，引导让步状语从句，不可与but连用)：Although he is old,he works hard. 。while(然而，表对比)：Some people like sports,while others prefer music. 知识点三：介词与连词系统讲解 1.常用介词（基础必备) 1.in+年/月/季节→例句：We will have a trip in July. 2.on+具体日期/星期→例句：My birthday is on October1st. 3.at+具体时刻→例句：We usually have breakfast at7:00a.m. 4.with+工具/伴随→例句：He writes with a pen 5.for+一段时间→例句：She has lived here for five years. 6.from.to.(从…到…)→例句：We study from Monday to Friday. 7.between.and.(在…和…之间)一例句：The park is between the bank and the hospital. 8.in front of(在…前面)→例句：There is a tree in front of the house. 9.behind(在…后面)→例句：The cat is behind the door. l0.under（在…下面)→例句：The ball is under the chair. 2.常用连词（逻辑关系） 1.并列连词（中考核心)： 。and(和，并列)→例句：I like apples and bananas.. 。but(但是，转折)→例句：She is tired but happy. ●or(或者，选择)→例句：You can go by bus or by bike. 3 高中译林版 【基础词法】 介词与连词系统讲解 。so(所以，结果)→例句：It rained,so we stayed at home. 。for(因为，补充说明)→例句：He must be ill,.for he is absent today. 2.从属连词（中考常考)： 。because(因为，原因)→例句：I didn't go out because it rained. ●if（如果，条件)→例句：If it is sunny tomorrow,we will go to the park, ●when(当…时，时间)→例句：I was reading when he came in. 。though/although（虽然，让步)→例句：Though he is young,he knows a lot. 。so.that.…(如此…以至于…)→例句：He is so tall that he can reach the shelf. 3.介词与连词的区别（易混点） 1.介词后接名词/代词/动名词，连词连接句子→例句：I am interested in swimming.（介词in+动名词)： I like swimming and I often do it.(连词and连接句子) 2.部分词兼有介词和连词词性：如for(介词：为了；连词：因为)一例句：He bought a gift for me (介词)：He didn't come,for he was busy..(连词) 3.从属连词引导从句，介词短语作状语→例句：When I arrived,she was cooking.(连词when引导时 间状语从句)：I will call you after dinner..(介词after+名词作时间状语) 考法精析 考法一：介词与连词的语法功能差异辨析 核心：根据语法功能，区分介词后接名词性成分（名词代词/动名词）与连词后接句子的用法差异 真题1（语法填空)： _the heavy rain,we had to put off the sports meeting 答案：Because of 解析：空格后为名词短语“the heavy rain”,需用介词短语表原因：“because”是连词，后接句子， 此处应用“because of”（介词短语)。 真题2（单项选择)： She didn't go to school yesterdayshe was ill. A.because B.because of C.as a result D.thanks to 答案：A 解析：空格后为完整句子“she was ill”,需用连词引导原因状语从句：“because”是连词，后接句 子，符合语法功能：“because of'”“as a result'”“thanks to”均为介词/介词短语，后接名词性成分，故 排除B、C、D。 考法二：介词后非谓语动词形式判断 4 高中译林版 【基础词法】 介词与连词系统讲解 核心：根据介词后接名词性成分的语法规则，判断动词应使用动名词形式 真题1（语法填空）： She is interested in _(play)the piano.Her parents bought her a new piano last week. 答案：playing 解析：介词in后需接动名词作宾语，play的动名词形式为playing。 真题2（单项选择）： He is good atstories to make his students interested in English A.tell B.tells C.telling D.to tell 答案：C 解析：介词at后接动名词作宾语，tell的动名词形式为telling: 考法三：介词与连词的综合辨析及语法功能应用 核心：区分介词与连词的语法功能，掌握易混介词（如in/on/at)的用法差异，以及并列连词与从属 连词的正确使用规则。 真题1（单项选择）： We will have a picnicSunday morning if the weather is fine. A.in B.on C.at D.for 答案：B 解析：具体某天的上午下午/晚上用介词on,“Sunday morning”是具体某天的上午，故选B。 真题2（语法填空)： She didn't go to school yesterday_she was ill.(because/because of) 答案：because 解析：空格后“she was ill'”是完整句子，需用连词because连接；because of是介词短语，后接名词 性成分，故此处填because。 解题小妙招 介词连词妙招 介词后接名代动，连词引导句子跟： because of名短跟，because之后句子跟。 非谓介词妙招 介词后面要跟动，动词变作动名词： in at on为常见，play变playing要记清。 非谓综合妙招 warn后接不定式，not to do是否定形： make后宾补省to,动词原形跟着行： 高中译林版 【基础词法】介词与连词系统讲解 目的状语不定式，to learn放句首表目的： practice后接动名词，speaking形式要牢记； depend on是固定搭，介词on不可忘记它。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.We had to stay at home all daythe bad weather. A.because B.because of C.so D.as 2.She succeeded in_the first prize in the competition after months of hard work. A.win B.wins C.winning D.to win 3.My parents often tell metoo much time playing video games. A.not to spend B.not spend C.not spending D.to not spend 4.he is very young,he can solve difficult math problems by himself. A.Because B.Though C.If D.So 5.The little girl was heardloudly in the next room just now. A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sings 6.We are looking forward toyou at the party this weekend. A.meet B.meets C.meeting D.to meet 7.He arrived London the morning of July 1st. A.in;in B.at;on C.in;on D.at;in 8.The teacher made Tom_his homework again because of the mistakes. A.do B.to do C.doing D.done 9.English well,you should read English newspapers every day. A.Learn B.Learning C.To learn D.Learned 10.She didn't go to the cinema with usshe had to look after her sick mother. A.because of B.though C.if D.because 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Thank you for(help)me with my English.I really appreciate it. 2.We usually have a picnicSunday afternoons when the weather is nice. 3.He was late for school he missed the early bus this morning. 4.My brother is interestedplaying basketball and he practices every day. 5.(improve)your writing skills,you should keep a diary in English 6 高中译林版 【基础词法】 介词与连词系统讲解 6.The children were excited about (visit)the science museum next week 7.She decided to give up(smoke)because it's bad for her health 8.They arrivedthe small village-dusk after a long journey. 9.The movie was so boring that I fell asleepwatching it. 10.the teacher's help,I have made great progress in my studies. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） My favoritehobby is reading,andI spend at least two hours every day-(read)books.I started loving books when I was a child,thanks my mother.She always read stories to me before bed,made me interested in the world of words. Last year,I joined a book club at school.We meet every Friday afternoon(discuss)the books we've read. It's great to share ideas with others and learn different opinions.Last month,we read a novel about a girl -(travel)alone around the world.The story taught me the importance of courage and independence. I prefer reading novels,but sometimes I also read science books.-(learn)about space and technology makes me feel excited.My favorite place to read is the school library,it's quiet and full of books.I often borrow books there and return them_time. Reading not only helps me relax but also improves my writing skills.My English teacher always says that goodreaders make good writers.I hope_(read)more classic books this year,andI plan_(join)a national reading competition next month.I believe reading will always be an important part of my life. 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.A4.B5B6.C7.C8.A9.C10.D 1.helping 2.on 3.because 4.in 5.To improve 6.visiting 7.smoking 8.at;at 9.while/during 10.With 1.reading 2.to 3.which 4.to discuss 5.traveling/travelling 6.Learning 7.because 8.on 9.to read 10.to join 7