非谓语动词 动名词 doing 系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（外研版）

高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 语法专版 【专题】动名词doing系统讲解 非谓语动词专项突破 考频分析 高中外研版中，动名词doig是非谓语动词模块的重点语法点，考频占非谓语动词相关考点的30% 左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空2-4题、书面表达核 心考察，直接影响句子结构的合理性与表达的丰富性。在语境理解类题目中，动名词作主语、宾语、 表语及介词后接动名词的用法往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。基本构成与特征：动词原形加g构成，兼具动词与名词特征，可带状语、宾语 ·句法功能：作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语的用法 ·固定搭配与语境辨析：介词后接doing,某些动词后固定接doing,与不定式todo作宾语的区别 知识点一：动名词doing系统讲解 1.动名词的构成及特征 1.构成：动词原形+-ing（如：reading,swimming,studying) 2.特征：兼具动词和名词性质，可被副词修饰或带宾语，但无复数形式 3.例句： l.He enjoys reading quietly.(reading被副词quietly修饰) 2.She likes collecting stamps..(collecting后接宾语stamps) 2.动名词作主语（表示抽象或习惯性动作） 1.用法：置于句首，谓语动词用单数 2.例句： 1.Running is good for health.(跑步有益健康) 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 2.Learning English well takes time.(学好英语需要时间) 3.动名词作宾语（用于及物动词或介词后） 1.常见动词搭配：enjoy,.finish,practice,mind,avoid,suggest等 2.介词搭配：be interested in,.look forward to,give up,instead of等 3.例句： l.They finished doing homework.(finish后接动名词作宾语) 2.She is good at singing.(at后接动名词singing) 4.动名词作表语（说明主语的性质或内容） 1.用法：置于系动词后，与主语逻辑上等价 2.例句： 1.Her hobby is dancing.(跳舞是她的爱好) 2.The main thing is getting there on time.(关键是准时到那里) 5.动名词的复合结构（逻辑主语+动名词） 1.构成：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+动名词（口语中可用宾格/名词普通格） 2.例句： I.I appreciate his helping me.(his helping作宾语) 2.Tom's coming late made the teacher angry.(Tom's coming作主语) 知识点二：动名词doing的核心用法与考点 1.作主语（表示抽象、习惯性动作） 1.基本结构：动名词短语(doing sth.)+谓语动词（单数形式） 2.例句： 1.Running is good for health.(动名词Running作主语，谓语用is) 2.Swimming in this river is dangerous..(Swimming.作主语，谓语用is) 3.常用句型：Itis+adj.+doing sth.(it作形式主语，真正主语是动名词) 4.例句： 1.It is interesting playing computer games.(it代替playing..作形式主语) 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 2.It is no use arguing with him.(no use后接动名词) 2.作宾语（跟在动词或介词后） 1.跟在动词后（常见动词：enjoy,.finish,practice,mind,avoid,,keep,suggest,miss,consider) 2.例句： 1.She enjoys singing English songs.(enjoy singing) 2.He finished doing his homework at 9 p.m.(finish doing) 3.跟在介词后（常见介词：in,on,at,with,without,.for,from,about) 4.例句： 1.They are good at playing basketball.(at playing) 2.He left without saying goodbye.(without saying) 3.作表语（说明主语的性质或内容） 1.基本结构：主语+be动词+动名词(doing sth.) 2.例句： 1.Her hobby is collecting stamps..(collecting stamps作表语，说明hobby的内容) 2.The most important thing is studying hard.(studying hard作表语) 4.作定语（修饰名词，表用途或性质） 1.位置：放在名词前，表”用于…的” 2.例句： 1.a reading room(阅览室，用于阅读的房间) 2.a swimming pool(游泳池，用于游泳的池子) 3.注意：与现在分词作定语的区别（动名词表用途，现在分词表动作） 4.例句： 1.a sleeping bag(睡袋，动名词sleeping表用途) 2.a sleeping boy（正在睡觉的男孩，现在分词sleeping表动作) 5.常见固定搭配与易错点 1.固定句型：feel like doing sth.(想要做某事)/can't help doing sth.(忍不住做某事) 2.例句： 3 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 1.I feel like eating ice cream now.(feel like eating) 2.She couldn't help laughing when she heard the joke.(can't help laughing 3.动名词的复合结构：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+doing sth.(强调动作的逻辑主语) 4.例句： l.His coming late made the teacher angry..(His修饰coming,表”他的迟到？) 2.Tom's finishing the work on time surprised us.(Tom's finishing) 知识点三：非谓语动词 1.todo（不定式) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： l.prepare to do(准备做)→例句：They prepare to have a picnic next Sunday. 2.choose to do(选择做)→例句：She chooses to study math instead of art. 3.offer to do(主动提出做)→例句：He offers to carry the heavy box for me. 4.promise to do(承诺做)→例句：I promise to return the book on time. 5.refuse to do(拒绝做)→例句：She refuses to lend him her pen, 6.manage to do(设法做成)→例句：We manage to finish the project before deadline, 7.expect to do(期待做)→例句：They expect to get good grades in the exam. 8.wish to do(希望做)→例句：I wish to travel around the world one day. 9.afford to do(负担得起做)→例句：My parents can't afford to buy a new car now. 10.seem to do(似乎做)→例句：e seems to know the answer to the question, 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错)： l.ask sb.not to do(要求某人不要做)→例句：The teacher asks us not to be late. 2.tell sb.not to do(告诉某人不要做)→例句：My mother tells me not to eat too much candy. 3.It takes sb.some time to do(做某事花费某人时间)→例句：It takes me an hour to walk to school.. 2.doing(动名词/现在分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 1.miss doing(错过做)→例句：I missed seeing the beginning of the film. 2.admit doing（承认做)→例句：He admits breaking the window. 3.consider doing(考虑做)→例句：They are considering moving to a new house.. 4.delay doing(推迟做)→例句：We delayed holding the meeting until next week. 4 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 5.escape doing(逃避做)一例句：He escaped being punished for his mistake. 6.imagine doing(想象做)→例句：Can you imagine living on the moon? 7.keep on doing(继续做)一例句：He kept on working despite being tired. 8.feel like doing(想要做)→例句：I feel like eating ice cream now, 9.prevent sb.from doing(阻止某人做)一→例句：The rain prevented us from going out.. l0.be busy doing(忙于做)→例句：My mother is busy cooking dinner. 2.固定短语搭配（中考常考）： 1.be worth doing(值得做)→例句：The book is worth reading. 2.can't help doing(忍不住做)→例句：She can't help laughing when she hears the joke. 3.think about doing(考虑做)→例句：I'n thinking about changing my job. 3.done（过去分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： l.get done(被…)→例句：My bike got repaired yesterday 2.have sth.done(让某事被做)→例句：I have my hair cut every month. 3.see sth.done(看见某事被做)→例句：We saw the old house pulled down. 4.hear sth.done(听见某事被做)→例句：She heard her name called. 5.make sth.done(使某事被做)→例句：He made his voice heard in the meeting. 2.固定短语搭配（中考常考）： 1.be interested in doing(对…感兴趣)一→例句：She is interested in reading novels. 2.be surprised at doing(对…感到惊讶)→例句：I was surprised at hearing the news.. 3.be pleased with doing(对…满意)→例句：My parents are pleased with my progress.. 考法精析 考法一：动名词作宾语的固定搭配 核心：识别只能接动名词作宾语的动词（如admit,avoid,practice等)，结合语境选择正确形式 真题1（语法填空）： She suggested-(have)a picnic in the park this weekend. 答案：having 解析：suggest后接动名词作宾语，have的动名词形式为having。 真题2（完形填空）： 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 Tom enjoys basketball with his friends after school. A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play 答案：C 解析：enjoy后接动名词作宾语，play的动名词形式为playing。 考法二：动名词时态与语态综合判断 核心：结合动作发生时间与主被动关系，判断动名词的时态（一般式完成式）和语态（主动/被动） 真题1（语法填空）： She regretted(not tell)her parents the truth earlier. 答案：not having told 解析：regret后接动名词作宾语，”没告诉，发生在，后悔”之前，用完成式；否定词not置于动名词 前，tel的完成式为having told。 真题2（单项选择）： The thief admitted the wallet in the supermarket yesterday. A.steal B.stealing C.having stolen D.to steal 答案：C 解析：admit后接动名词，”偷钱包'发生在”承认”之前，用完成式having stolen:A为原形，B为 一般式（未体现时间先后），D为不定式，均不符合。 考法三：动名词与现在分词的区分及用法综合应用 核心：根据语境判断动名词（名词性，表抽象动作）和现在分词（形容词副词性，表主动/进行） 的功能，掌握动名词作主语、宾语及固定搭配，避免误用。 真题1（单项选择）： _in the morning is good for our health.My brother often does it. A.Run B.Running C.Ran D.To run 答案：B 解析：空格处需作主语，表抽象习惯性动作，应用动名词形式，故选B。 真题2（语法填空)： She couldn't help_(laugh)when she heard the funny story. 答案：laughing 解析：固定搭配”can't help doing sth.”表示”忍不住做某事'，此处应用动名词形式laughing。 解题小妙招 6 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 动名词解题妙招 动词搭配先记牢，三类考法要分清： 考法一抓固定词，admit avoid后接ing: 考法二看时与态，动作先后是关键，早于谓语用完成(having done),被动就用being done: 考法三综合应用，复合结构加逻辑（名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing),搭配时态和语态，三 步判断不出错。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.She avoids fast food because it's unhealthy. A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.eaten 2.English every morning is a good way to improve pronunciation A.Read B.Reads C.Reading D.To read 3.The teacher praised Tom for the difficult problem first. A.solve B.solving C.having solved D.to solve 4.I regret_you that the meeting has been canceled. A.telling B.to tell C.tell D.told 5.He was criticized for late to work three times this week. A.come B.coming C.having come D.to come 6.My parents don't mind with us during the holiday. A.stay B.staying C.to stay D.stayed 7.The girl admitted her sister's diary without permission. A.read B.reading C.having read D.to read 8.-loudly in public is considered impolite. A.Talk B.Talks C.Talking D.To talk 9.They suggesteda party to celebrate the victory. A.hold B.holding C.to hold D.held 10.I remember_this song before,but I can't recall where. A.hear B.hearing C.to hear D.heard 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She enjoys(listen)to classical music while studying 2.(swim)is a great way to exercise the whole body. 3.The child denied(break)the vase on the table. 7 高中外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 4.We look forward to (see)you at the wedding next month 5.He regretted_(not take)the job offer last year. 6.-(learn)a second language requires patience and practice. 7.They were accused of_(steal)confidential documents from the company. 8.My brother's_(win)the competition made the whole family proud. 9.She suggested(have)a picnic by the lake this weekend. 10.I appreciate(you help)me prepare for the exam yesterday. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Learning a new language is challenging but rewarding.Many students struggle with _(memorize) vocabulary and grammar rules,but experts suggest_(focus)on practical use instead of just rote learning. For example,(speak)with native speakers regularly can improve fluency quickly. Some learners avoid_(make)mistakes,but teachers encourage them to embrace errors as part of the process.One student shared her experience:"I used to fear(correct)by others,but now I realize (learn)from mistakes helps me progress faster." Another key tip is_(immerse)oneself in the language environment.This includes-(watch)foreign films, -(listen)to podcasts,and even(think)in the language.With consistent effort,anyone can master a new language. 答案区 演练-：1.B2.C3.C4.B5.C6B7.C8.C9B10.B 1.listening 2.Swimming 3.breaking 4.seeing 5.not taking 6.Learning 7.stealing 8.winning 9.hav- ing 10.your helping 演练三：1.memorizing2.focusing3.speaking4.mnaking5.being corrected6.learning7.immersing 8.watching 9.listening 10.thinking