非谓语动词 动名词 doing 系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（人教版）

高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 语法专版 【专题】动名词doing系统讲解 非谓语动词专项突破 考频分析 人教版高中非谓语动词中，动名词doig是重点语法点，考频占非谓语动词总量的30%左右，贯穿 试卷核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核心考察，直接影 响句子结构的合理性与表达的准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动名词作主语、宾语及介词后接动名 词的用法往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。句法功能：作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语的基本用法与结构特点 。固定搭配：接动名词作宾语的动词（如enjoy,practice,avoid等）和短语（如look forward to,be used to等)的辨析 ·特殊结构：动名词的复合结构（名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing)、否定形式(not doing)及 与不定式的用法区别 知识点一：动名词doing的构成及功能 1.构成与特征 1.构成方式：动词原形+-ing(特殊变化：如以不发音字母e结尾去e加-ing,如write→writing:重 读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing,如un→unning） 2.语法特征：兼具动词和名词性质，可带状语、宾语，但无复数形式，不受人称和数的限制 3.例句： ·Reading(动词+-ing)quietly(状语)is good for study.. ·She enjoys playing(动词+-ing)basketball(宾语)， 2.作主语（表示抽象动作或习惯性行为） 1.用法：置于句首，谓语动词用单数 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 2.例句： Swimming is my favorite sport. Watching movies relaxes her. 3.注意：当主语较长时，可用it作形式主语，将动名词置于句末，如It is interesting learning English. 3.作宾语（接在及物动词或介词后） 1.及物动词后：常见动词如enjoy,.finish,practice,mind,suggest等 。例句：He practices speaking English every day.. 2.介词后：包括介词短语（如be interested in,give up,think about) ·例句：She is good at dancing./They talked about going hiking. 4.作表语（说明主语的性质或内容，等同于名词） 1.用法：置于系动词(be,become,seem等)后，与主语逻辑上为同一概念 2.例句： ●Her hobby is painting. The most important thing is studying hard. 3.区别：与现在分词作表语的区别（现在分词表主语的特征，如The film is exciting.) 5.作定语（修饰名词，表用途或性质) 1.用法：置于名词前，表被修饰词的功能或用途 2.例句： ·a reading room(阅览室，用于阅读的房间) 。a swimming pool(游泳池，用于游泳的池子) 3.注意：与现在分词作定语的区别（现在分词表主动或进行，如a running boy正在跑的男孩） 知识点二：动名词doing的功能及用法 1.作主语（表示抽象动作或经常性行为） 1.基本结构：动名词短语直接置于句首作主语 2.例句： 。Running is good for health.(跑步有益健康。) 2 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 ·Swimming in the river is dangerous.(在河里游泳很危险。) 3.it作形式主语时结构：It+be+形容词/名词+doing sth 4.例句： ●It is interesting playing computer games.(玩电脑游戏很有趣。) ·It is a waste of time watching TV all day..(整天看电视是浪费时间。) 2.作宾语（接在及物动词或介词后） 1.接在及物动词后（常见动词：like,enjoy,finish,practice,mind,keep,suggest,.avoid等） 2.例句： ·She enjoys singing English songs.（她喜欢唱英文歌。) ·He finished doing his homework at9p.m.(他晚上9点完成了作业。) 3.接在介词后（常见搭配：be good at,.be interested in,think about,give up,look forward to等） 4.例句： 。I am good at playing basketball.(我擅长打篮球。) ·They are looking forward to visiting Beijing.(他们期待着参观北京。) 3.作表语（说明主语的性质或内容，主语通常是抽象名词） 1.基本结构：主语+be+动名词 2.例句： ·Her hobby is dancing.(她的爱好是跳舞。) ·The most important thing is studying hard.(最重要的事情是努力学习。) 4.作定语（修饰名词，说明名词的用途或性质) 1.动名词置于名词前作定语 2.例句： ·This is a reading room..(这是一间阅览室。)(reading说明room的用途) ·There is a swimming pool in our school..(我们学校有一个游泳池。)(swimming说明pool的用途) 5.动名词的复合结构（带有逻辑主语） 1.基本结构：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+动名词 2.例句： 3 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 ·His coming late made the teacher angry.(他迟到使老师生气了。) ●Tom's studying English well helps him a lot.(汤姆英语学得好对他帮助很大。) 3.口语中，名词普通格或人称代词宾格可代替所有格/物主代词 4.例句： 。Idon't mind him smoking here..(我不介意他在这里抽烟。) ·Do you remember Tom coming to see you?(你记得汤姆来看过你吗？) 6.常见固定搭配中的动名词 1.动词短语：can't help doing(忍不住做某事)，be used to doing(习惯于做某事)，feel like doing(想 要做某事) 2.例句： ·She can't help laughing when she hears the joke.(听到这个笑话，她忍不住笑了。) ·He is used to getting up early.(他习惯早起。) 3.介词短语：instead of doing(代替做某事)，without doing(没有做某事)，by doing(通过做某事) 4.例句： ●He went to school by bike instead of taking a bus.(他骑自行车去上学，而不是乘公交车。) ·You can't pass the exam without studying hard.(不努力学习你就不能通过考试。) 知识点三：非谓语动词 1.todo（不定式) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： ●forget to do(忘记去做)→例句：Don't forget to lock the door when you leave. ·remember to do(记得去做)→例句：Remember to buy some milk on your way home. 。start to do(开始做)→例句：She starts to learn drawing next month 。begin to do(开始做)→例句：The meeting begins to discuss the problem. 。like to do(喜欢做)→例句：I like to read books in the evening: 。love to do(喜爱做)→例句：They love to travel around the world. 。hate to do(讨厌做)→例句：She hates to get up early on weekends, 。choose to do(选择做)→例句：He chooses to study math in college. ·offer to do(主动提出做)→例句：My friend offers to help me with my English 。promise to do(承诺做)→例句：I promise to be on time tomorrow. 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： 。ask sb.not to do(要求某人不要做)一例句：The teacher asks us not to talk in class 。tell sb.not to do（告诉某人不要做)→例句：My father tells me not to swim in the river. 。would like to do(想要做)→例句：I would like to have a cup of tea. 2.doing(动名词/现在分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。feel like doing(想要做)→例句：I feel like eating ice cream now. ·give up doing(放弃做)一→例句：He gives up playing computer games.. ·be busy doing(忙于做)→例句：My mother is busy cooking dinner ●think about doing(考虑做)→例句：We are thinking about going to the park ·stop doing(停止做)→例句：He stops talking when the teacher comes in. ·go doing（去做某事)一→例句：They often go shopping on weekends. ·prefer doing（更喜欢做)→例句：She prefers reading books to watching TV. ·keep on doing(继续做)→例句：He keeps on working although he is tired. ·be worth doing(值得做)→例句：The film is worth watching. ●can't help doing(忍不住做)→例句：Ican't help laughing when I see the funny picture 2.固定短语搭配（中考常考)： ·instead of doing(代替做)→例句：He studies instead of playing. ·be used for doing(被用来做)→例句：Knives are used for cutting things. ·spend money doing(花费金钱做)→例句：She spends a lot of money buying clothes. 3.done(过去分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。be interested in done(对…感兴趣)→例句：I am interested in the book written by him. ◆be surprised at done（对…感到惊讶)一例句：She is surprised at the news told by her friend,. ·be excited about done(对…感到兴奋)→例句：They are excited about the party held tomorrow. ●get done(被…)→例句：My bike gets repaired by my father ·have sth.done(让某事被做)→例句：I have my hair cut yesterday: ·see sth.done(看见某事被做)一例句：I see the window cleaned by him. ·hear sth.done(听见某事被做)→例句：She hears the song sung by the singer. 。make sth.done(使某事被做)一例句：He makes his room cleaned. 。keep sth.done(使某事保持被做)→例句：We should keep our classroom cleaned, 5 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 ·want sth.done(想要某事被做)→例句：I want my homework checked by the teacher. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： ●done+名词（过去分词作定语）→例句：The broken window needs to be repaired. 。be+done(被动语态)→例句：The book is written by Lu Xun. 。with+sth.+done(with复合结构)→例句：He sits there with his eyes closed. 考法精析 考法一：动名词复合结构的逻辑主语形式 核心：根据语境判断是否使用名词所有格/形容词性物主代词（正式）或名词普通格/人称代词宾格 (非正式)作动名词的逻辑主语 真题1（语法填空）： Do you mind_(Tom)singing loudly in the room? 答案：Tom's 解析：此处为动名词的复合结构作宾语，”mind”后接动名词复合结构表示'介意某人做某事”，正 式用法中逻辑主语用名词所有格，故填To's。 真题2（单项选择)： late again made the manager very angry. A.Him being B.He being C.His being D.He be 答案：C 解析：动名词短语作主语时，逻辑主语需用形容词性物主代词，”His being late”构成复合结构作主 语，符合语法规则，故选C。 考法二：动名词的复合结构及时态辨析 核心：结合逻辑主语的格形式和动作发生时间，判断动名词的复合结构及时态形式 真题1（语法填空)： I appreciate-(he)-(solve)the problem before the deadline. 答案：his having solved 解析：第一空逻辑主语在动词appreciate后作宾语，正式用法用形容词性物主代词his;第二空solve 的动作发生在appreciate之前，用动名词完成式having solved。 真题2（单项选择)： the project on time made the manager very happy. A.Tom finish B.Tom's finishing C.Tom having finished D.Tom's having finished 答案：D 解析：句中缺少主语，应用动名词复合结构，排除A;”按时完成项目”发生在”使经理开心”之前， 需用完成式，逻辑主语Tom的所有格形式为Tom's,故选D。 考法三：动名词的功能、时态及易混点综合辨析 6 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 核心：结合动名词的句法功能（作主语、宾语等）、时态形式（一般式完成式）及与现在分词的区 别进行综合判断 真题1（单项选择)： -English every momning helps me improve my speaking skills. A.Read B.Reading C.To read D.Having read 答案：B 解析：此处需用动名词作主语，表经常性行为，用一般式doing;“Read”为动词原形不能作主语，“To read”表具体动作，“Having read”强调动作先于谓语发生，均不符合语境，故选B。 真题2（语法填空)： She regretted_(not attend)the lecture yesterday.It was really useful. 答案：not having attended 解析：“regret”后接动名词作宾语，由时间标志词“yesterday”可知，“没参加讲座”发生在“regretted” 之前，需用完成式having done,否定形式在动名词前加not,故填not having attended。 解题小妙招 复合结构妙招 逻辑主语看场合，正式用“所有格/物主”，非正式“普通格/宾格”； 动名作主宾表定，复合结构要分明： 时态先后辨仔细，动作先于谓语用“完成”(having done); 同时进行用“一般”(doing),被动勿忘“being done”: 否定直接“not”在前，结构时态记心间。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.Swimming in the riververy dangerous in summer. A.is B.are C.was D.were 2.She suggested the meeting till next Monday. A.to put off B.put off C.putting off D.puts off 3.I still rememberthe Great Wall for the first time last year. A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited 4.-carefully is important for learning English well A.Read B.Reading C.To read D.Reads 5.He apologized for__able to attend the party. A.not be B.not being C.being not D.not to be 7 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 6.My parents don't mind_TV after finishing homework. A.me watch B.me to watch C.my watching D.I watching 7.It's no use_about the bad weather.We should take an umbrella. A.complain B.to complain C.complaining D.complained 8.-the exam made her parents very disappointed. A.Her not passing B.She not passing C.Her not pass D.She not pass 9.The teacher's-clearly helped the students understand the problem. A.explain B.explaining C.to explain D.explained 10.He can't help_when he hears the funny story. A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughing D.laughed 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She enjoys(listen)to music while studying 2.My brother is good at_(play)basketball. 3.Remember_(lock)the door before you leave. 4.-(swim)is a good way to keep healthy. 5.They talked about_(go)to the beach this weekend. 6.It's important(finish)the work on time. 7.He regretted-(tell)her the bad news. 8.The girl practices_(dance)every day. 9.We are looking forward to_(see)you soon. 10.His(arrive)late made the teacher angry. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) Nowadays,many students find it difficult to concentrate on studying.One reason is that they spend too much time_(play)computer games.(watch)short videos for hours also takes up their study time.Some students even give up-(do)homework because they are addicted to online activities. Teachers suggest that students should develop good habits,such as_(read)books for 30 minutes every day.It's no use(complain)about lack of time;instead,they should learn(manage)time properly.For example,making a schedule and sticking to it can help. Parents should pay attention to their children's(use)electronic devices.-(not allow)children to use phones during study time is necessary.Remember,_(form)good study habits at a young age will benefit them for life.As the saying goes,"No pain,no gain."(work)hard now will lead to a bright future. 8 高中人教版高中语法全解 【语法专版】 非谓语动词专题 答案区 演练-：1.A2.C3B4.B5B6.C7.C8.A9.B10.C 1.listening 2.playing 3.to lock 4.Swimming 5.going 6.to finish 7.telling 8.dancing 9.seeing 10.ar- riving 1.playing 2.Watching 3.doing 4reading 5.complaining 6.to manage 7.using 8.Not allowing 9.forming 10.Working