命题大赛 广东省汕尾市2026届高三英语下学期阶段测试（三）（人教版必修一至选必四）

**基本信息** 涵盖旅游指南、文化差异、生物声学研究等多元真实情境，通过分层设问与原创素材，综合考查语言理解、跨文化认知及逻辑推理能力，适配高三学生核心素养发展需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/50分|旅游信息（A篇）、英法午餐文化（B篇）、刺猬声波能力（C篇）、古DNA数据存储（D篇）|C篇引入IUCN报告与生物声学研究，D篇探讨科研数据完整性，体现科技前沿；七选五聚焦独自旅行规划，强化实用语用能力| |语言运用|25题/30分|完形填空（宠物预警疾病）、语法填空（高三减压活动）|完形填空以真实故事渗透情感教育，语法填空结合高考前学生活动，情境贴近生活；原创素材占比高，如“fish catching”“tug-of-war”等鲜活表达| |写作|2题/40分|邮件（劳动实践分享）、读后续写（团队友谊）|应用文关联社会实践，培养表达与反思能力；续写围绕团队协作，引导价值判断，契合思维品质与文化意识培育|

Sheet1 汕尾市高三英语下学期阶段测试（三）命题双向细目表 题号 题型 分值 考查知识点 难度系数 21 阅读理解A篇 2.5 主旨大意题：文章写作目的归纳 0.7 22 阅读理解A篇 2.5 细节理解题：樱花骑行项目的关键要求 0.75 23 阅读理解A篇 2.5 细节理解题：适配首次游客的骑行项目 0.7 24 阅读理解B篇 2.5 细节理解题：Sarah失业的直接原因 0.75 25 阅读理解B篇 2.5 细节理解题：作者对调查结果的反应 0.7 26 阅读理解B篇 2.5 推理判断题：英国午餐文化的特征 0.65 27 阅读理解B篇 2.5 主旨大意题：末段核心观点的提炼 0.6 28 阅读理解C篇 2.5 段落作用题：IUCN报告的引用目的 0.55 29 阅读理解C篇 2.5 细节理解题：刺猬听力能力的科学结论 0.5 30 阅读理解C篇 2.5 推理判断题：人造噪音对刺猬生存的影响 0.45 31 阅读理解C篇 2.5 标题归纳题：文章核心主题的提炼 0.5 32 阅读理解D篇 2.5 细节理解题：数据存储方式导致的直接问题 0.55 33 阅读理解D篇 2.5 段落结构题：第三段的论证逻辑 0.45 34 阅读理解D篇 2.5 例证作用题：瘟疫案例的核心意图 0.4 35 阅读理解D篇 2.5 推理判断题：下文可能讨论的内容 0.35 36 七选五 2.5 语篇逻辑衔接：上下文语义呼应 0.7 37 七选五 2.5 语篇逻辑衔接：规划层次的递进 0.65 38 七选五 2.5 语篇逻辑衔接：科技对路线规划的辅助作用 0.7 39 七选五 2.5 语篇逻辑衔接：短途旅行的意义 0.65 40 七选五 2.5 语篇逻辑衔接：安全措施的具体内容 0.7 41 完形填空 1 语境词汇辨析：meaningful（陪伴的意义） 0.75 42 完形填空 1 语境词汇辨析：routine（日常惯例） 0.7 43 完形填空 1 固定搭配：be supposed to（规则约束） 0.75 44 完形填空 1 副词辨析：again（动作的重复性） 0.7 45 完形填空 1 固定习语：dawn on sb.（恍然大悟） 0.65 46 完形填空 1 语境词汇辨析：pain（身体疼痛） 0.75 47 完形填空 1 固定习语：out of character（行为反常） 0.6 48 完形填空 1 语境情感推断：silly（略带尴尬的自我认知） 0.7 49 完形填空 1 固定句型：It turned out that...（结果揭晓） 0.65 50 完形填空 1 语境动词辨析：knew（感知的确定性） 0.6 51 完形填空 1 语境动词辨析：waited（延误治疗） 0.65 52 完形填空 1 语境形容词辨析：deadly（致命性） 0.6 53 完形填空 1 副词辨析：immediately（理解的时效性） 0.7 54 完形填空 1 语境名词辨析：behavior（外在行为表现） 0.75 55 完形填空 1 语境情感推断：grateful（感激之情） 0.7 56 语法填空 1.5 冠词用法：不定冠词an（元音音素开头） 0.8 57 语法填空 1.5 非谓语动词：现在分词featuring（主动关系作定语） 0.65 58 语法填空 1.5 名词复数：seniors（毕业班学生） 0.8 59 语法填空 1.5 定语从句：关系代词which（非限制性从句指物） 0.6 60 语法填空 1.5 介词搭配：with（徒手做某事） 0.75 61 语法填空 1.5 动词时态：一般过去时stepped（并列动作一致性） 0.7 62 语法填空 1.5 词性转换：副词simply（修饰动词短语） 0.75 63 语法填空 1.5 词性转换：形容词lively（修饰名词比赛） 0.7 64 语法填空 1.5 被动语态：is associated with（客观文化关联） 0.65 65 语法填空 1.5 连词逻辑：并列连词and（顺承关系） 0.8 应用文写作 写作 15 邮件写作：劳动实践过程描述+感悟表达（内容、语言、连贯性） 0.6 读后续写 写作 25 故事续写：情节衔接、逻辑连贯、语言丰富性、主题突出（友谊/成长/领导力） 0.5 $ 广东省汕尾市高三英语下学期阶段测试（三） 参考答案与解析 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A篇 21 答案：A 题型：主旨大意题 原文定位：第一段“Washington, D.C. offers a range of bike tours for visitors... Here are three carefully designed options.” 详细解析：文章开篇总起介绍华盛顿特区为游客提供多种环保高效的自行车游览项目，后文用表格呈现三项骑行 tour 的基础信息，再分别详细介绍樱花骑行、纪念碑骑行、首都骑行的特色、时长、价格与适配人群，全文围绕介绍华盛顿三大自行车游览项目展开，无其他核心主题。 选项分析 A：正确，全面概括文章核心写作目的，与原文开篇主旨句完全契合。 B：错误，纪念碑历史仅在华盛顿纪念碑骑行项目中作为细节提及，并非全文写作重点。 C：错误，春季赏樱只是樱花骑行项目的特色，不能代表整篇文章的意图。 D：错误，文中仅列出三项骑行的价格，未对城市各类观光方式的成本进行对比分析。 22 答案：C 题型：细节理解题 原文定位：Cherry Blossom Bike Tour部分“Advance booking is strongly recommended, as the cherry blossoms typically bloom for only two weeks each spring, during which demand far exceeds availability.” 详细解析：樱花花期仅两周，旺季需求远超接待能力，因此该项目强烈建议提前预订，是原文明确给出的关键要求。 选项分析 A：错误，该项目里程为4英里，Capital City Bike Tour里程6英里，是三项中最短的。 B：错误，原文提及所有骑行路线地形平坦，所有体能水平的游客都可轻松参与，无体力难度。 C：正确，与原文“提前预订”的要求完全一致。 D：错误，该项目核心是观赏樱花、了解樱花历史，主打自然景观与国际友谊文化，并非为历史爱好者专属设计。 23 答案：B 题型：细节理解题 原文定位：Washington Monuments Bicycle Tour部分“This tour is particularly well-suited for first-time visitors who want to gain a comprehensive understanding of the nation's capital within a limited time frame.” 详细解析：原文直接明确标注华盛顿纪念碑骑行项目特别适合首次到访华盛顿的游客，可在短时间内全面了解首都核心地标与历史。 选项分析 A：错误，樱花骑行无针对首次游客的适配说明。 B：正确，原文直接给出明确结论，为最佳答案。 C：错误，仅提及适合新访客，未强调“最适合首次游客”，核心亮点是信息量大而非适配新手。 D：错误，A、C均不符合原文表述，组合选项错误。 B篇 24 答案：B 题型：细节理解题 原文定位：第二段“She believed it was because she refused to join team lunches.” 详细解析：Sarah明确表示，自己失业的原因是拒绝和同事一起吃团队午餐，这是她主观认定的直接原因。 选项分析 A：错误，原文未提及Sarah上班迟到的相关信息。 B：正确，与原文表述的失业原因完全一致。 C：错误，员工笑老板玩笑是职场现象，并非Sarah被辞退的直接原因。 D：错误，独自吃午餐是行为表现，核心原因是拒绝团队午餐，而非独自就餐本身。 25 答案：C 题型：细节理解题 原文定位：第四段“I was shocked — not because the number was high, but because it was so low.” 详细解析：针对法国约三分之一年轻员工经常独自吃午餐的调查结果，作者感到震惊的原因是这个比例远低于她的预期，她认为本该有更多法国年轻人选择独自就餐。 选项分析 A：错误，作者认为比例过低，而非过高。 B：错误，作者未强制要求更多人独自就餐，仅表达对数据的惊讶。 C：正确，精准匹配作者对调查结果的态度。 D：错误，作者对结果十分关注，并非毫不在意。 26 答案：B 题型：推理判断题 原文定位：第五段“She said her colleagues all understand and respect her choice. ‘No one questions me. That’s just how it is here.’” 详细解析：Emma在英国独自吃午餐，同事完全理解尊重，无人质疑，由此可推知独自吃午餐在英国职场被广泛接受，是正常的个人选择。 选项分析 A：错误，与原文“独自就餐很普遍”的英国文化相悖。 B：正确，符合英国午餐文化的核心特征。 C：错误，英国同事不会因他人独自就餐感到受伤。 - D：错误，原文无员工必须在食堂就餐的强制规定。 27 答案：C 题型：主旨大意题 原文定位：最后一段“Whether you eat alone or with others, what matters most is that you feel comfortable and happy.” 详细解析：作者在结尾总结核心观点：无论独自就餐还是集体就餐，最重要的是自己感到舒适、开心，强调个人选择的自由与感受。 选项分析 A：错误，作者认可独自就餐对心理健康的积极作用，并非否定。 B：错误，作者主张英法饮食文化互相学习，而非单向学习。 C：正确，精准概括末段核心主旨。 D：错误，作者认为自愿的集体餐更好，而非“集体餐永远更好”。 C篇 28 答案：A 题型：段落作用题 原文定位：第一段“European hedgehog populations have dropped by over 30% in rural areas since 2000. This decline has led scientists to study the species’ unique adaptations...” 详细解析：作者引用IUCN报告中刺猬数量锐减30%的数据，目的是突出刺猬种群濒危的现状，强调保护刺猬的紧迫性，进而引出后文对其声波超能力的科学研究。 选项分析 A：正确，点明报告的核心作用——引发保护意识。 B：错误，原文未提及刺猬向郊区迁移的原因与现象。 C：错误，无农村与城市刺猬栖息地的对比内容。 D：错误，报告未介绍追踪刺猬的研究方法。 29 答案：A 题型：细节理解题 原文定位：第二段“hedgehogs can detect ultrasonic sounds up to 90 kHz—far beyond the human limit of 20 kHz and even surpassing cats (70 kHz)... helps them avoid predators like owls, which hunt using high-pitched calls undetectable to most mammals” 详细解析：刺猬能探测90kHz的超声波，远超人类和猫的听力范围，能察觉大多数哺乳动物听不到的天敌高频叫声，证明其听力比绝大多数哺乳动物更敏锐。 选项分析 A：正确，符合研究结论。 B：错误，刺猬擅长探测高频超声波，而非低频声音。 C：错误，原文未提及听力帮助其在黑暗中觅食。 D：错误，无与猫进行听觉交流的相关表述。 30 答案：C 题型：推理判断题 原文定位：第四段“If their ‘private’ communication channels are flooded with human-made noise, they may struggle to find food or mates” 详细解析：割草机、交通等人造噪音，与刺猬使用的超声波频段重合，会淹没其专属交流通道，导致刺猬难以觅食、求偶，由此可推知人造噪音严重危害刺猬的生存。 选项分析 A：错误，噪音会干扰刺猬，不会吸引它们。 B：错误，噪音无帮助捕猎的作用，反而阻碍生存。 C：正确，符合生存威胁的逻辑推理。 D：错误，噪音会损伤听力，而非提升听力。 31 答案：C 题型：标题归纳题 详细解析：文章以刺猬数量锐减引入，重点介绍刺猬的声波超能力（探测超声波、超声波交流），分析人造噪音对其的威胁，并呼吁基于这一能力保护刺猬，核心围绕“声波超能力与刺猬保护”展开。 选项分析 A：错误，刺猬濒危只是背景，非文章核心内容。 B：错误，原文未提及超声波设备是保护刺猬的工具。 C：正确，涵盖核心话题与保护主题，最适合做标题。 D：错误，曲解文意，刺猬是超声波交流，并非“像人类一样聊天”。 D篇 32 答案：A 题型：细节理解题 原文定位：第二段“the researchers saved only those sequences that they had managed to match to a reference genome, leaving no record of the unmatched ones. As a result, data from more than 3,000 ancient samples... have been lost forever.” 详细解析：研究者仅保存能匹配参考基因组的基因序列，未匹配序列无任何记录，直接导致超过3000个古代样本的数据永久丢失，这是该存储方式带来的核心问题。 选项分析 A：正确，直接对应数据丢失的严重后果。 B：错误，原文未提及数据混乱、杂乱的问题。 C：错误，问题是数据未上传，而非数据库无法访问。 D：错误，基因组不完整是未来改进方向，并非存储做法导致的问题。 33 答案：B 题型：段落结构题 详细解析：第三段先提出大众普遍的假设**“未匹配参考基因组的序列毫无价值”，再用However转折，从“未来技术可匹配”“未匹配序列可能含病原微生物信息”两个角度反驳这一观点，属于挑战普遍认知与假设**的论述手法。 选项分析 A：错误，段落无步骤化的过程描述。 B：正确，符合段落先立靶、再反驳的逻辑。 C：错误，未对比两种研究/存储方法。 D：错误，非总结研究发现，而是论证观点。 34 答案：D 题型：例证作用题 原文定位：第四段“analyses of unmatched sequences from ancient human remains have shown that outbreaks of plague were happening 5,000 years ago... better understand how other infectious germs evolved over time” 详细解析：作者以瘟疫等传染病为例，证明未匹配序列能推翻旧的历史认知、揭示古代传染病的真实历史，核心目的是体现未匹配基因序列的重要科研价值。 选项分析 A：错误，举例无给致命疾病分类的意图。 B：错误，追踪微生物演化是附加作用，非举例核心目的。 C：错误，提供疾病新观点是价值体现，而非根本目的。 D：正确，精准贴合举例的核心意图。 35 答案：A 题型：推理判断题 原文定位：第一段“problems with data storage have also grown... only some of the data collected... are uploaded to public databases. Furthermore, the associated metadata... are frequently inaccurate or incomplete. Here, we set out the nature of these two problems.” 详细解析：文章开篇明确提出古代DNA研究的两大核心问题：①数据上传不全（第2-4段已详细论述）；②元数据不准确、不完整（未展开论述）。按照“提出问题—分述问题”的结构，下文必然会详细讨论元数据存在的问题。 选项分析 A：正确，符合文章总分结构的逻辑。 B：错误，基因测序技术非文章讨论重点。 C：错误，全文核心是未匹配序列，而非匹配序列。 D：错误，偏离“数据存储两大问题”的核心话题。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中毕业后独自冒险旅行的建议和注意事项。 36.E 上文“Rather than spending this precious period sleeping in or gaming, why not begin a solo adventure?”引出了独自冒险的话题。选项E“这是庆祝你新获得的独立的完美方式”解释了为什么独自冒险是一个好的选择,符合语境。故选E。 37.C 主旨句“Before hitting the road, invest time in thorough planning.”指出要提前规划。上文“Begin by answering big⁃picture questions: What sights do you want to see? How much time will you spend away? What prior experience do you have with road⁃tripping?”提到了回答一些宏观问题来开始规划。选项C“然后用这些大致的想法规划更细致的细节”承接上文,且引出下文列举的细节介绍,符合语境。故选C。 38.B 上文“With your destination in mind, research your route carefully, taking note of factors like the road condition, emergency supply points and alternative paths.”提到了要仔细研究路线;下文You can use your phone to plan your route with apps like All Trails that provide detailed road maps and real⁃time updates介绍了可以使用应用程序。选项B“现代科技让这比以往任何时候都更容易”承上启下,符合语境。故选B。 39.G 上文“Instead of jumping in at the deep end, start with smaller trips at pre⁃established campsites closer to home.”建议从简单的旅行开始。选项G“这让你为潜在的挑战做好准备,并提供急需的经验”解释了从简单的旅行开始的好处,符合语境。故选G。 40.F 下文“This simple step ensures your safety while allowing your loved ones to share in your journey.”提到了一个可以确保安全并让家人共享旅程的简单步骤。选项F“最重要的是,和家人或朋友分享你的安排”指出了这个简单的步骤是什么,引出下文,符合语境。故选F。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 答案：41-45 BADBC 46-50 ADDBC 51-55 ADBCB​ 41. 答案：B. meaningful（有意义的） 语境含义：此处描述单身女性与领养狗狗的陪伴关系，meaningful 直接体现了Rudy的陪伴给作者的生活带来了精神价值，是对"陪伴"这一抽象概念的正向定性。 搭配逻辑：常与companionship（陪伴）、experience（经历）、relationship（关系）等抽象名词搭配，突出事物的内在价值。 情感色彩：积极褒义，完全契合作者对狗狗的喜爱与依赖的整体情感基调。 干扰项错因 A. boring（无聊的）：贬义，与"陪伴带来价值"的正向语境完全矛盾，属于情感方向错误。 C. tiring（累人的）：贬义，文中未提及养狗带来的疲惫感，无上下文支撑，属于无中生有。 D. confusing（令人困惑的）：中性偏贬义，没有任何线索表明作者对狗狗的陪伴感到不解，不符合叙事逻辑。 42. 答案：A. routine（惯例，常规流程） 语境含义：前文明确提到"Every night we have a snack and then get in our beds"（每晚我们吃零食然后上床睡觉），这是长期重复形成的固定生活流程，routine 精准对应这种"每日固定行为模式"。 搭配逻辑：常与 daily（日常的）、follow（遵循）、break（打破）等词搭配，描述规律性的生活/工作习惯。 情感色彩：中性，客观描述行为模式，符合前文平铺直叙介绍生活习惯的语境。 干扰项错因 B. exercise（锻炼）：语境中完全没有涉及睡前运动的相关表述，属于场景错位。 C. business（事务，生意）：多用于工作、商业场景，无法指代个人生活习惯，属于适用范围错误。 D. project（项目）：特指有明确目标、阶段性的工作/任务，不适用于日常重复性的生活行为，属于概念错配。 43. 答案：D. supposed（应该的，被允许的） 语境含义：此处描述家庭规则：狗狗知道自己"不应该"上床舔主人的脸，be supposed to 是固定表达，用来描述社会/规则层面"理应做的事"，暗含"不这么做是违反规则"的意味。 搭配逻辑：固定搭配 be supposed to do sth.，是考试高频考点，专门用于表述预期、规则、义务等要求。 情感色彩：中性，客观陈述规则要求，符合主人对宠物的行为约束场景。 干扰项错因 A. forced（被强迫的）：搭配 be forced to do 表示"被迫做某事"，文中没有强迫狗狗舔脸的表述，逻辑完全相反。 B. invited（被邀请的）：搭配 be invited to do 表示"被邀请做某事"，主人不可能主动邀请狗狗舔脸，不符合生活常识。 C. encouraged（被鼓励的）：搭配 be encouraged to do 表示"被鼓励做某事"，与后文"我会让它下去"的行为矛盾，属于语义相反。 44. 答案：B. again（再一次，又一次） 语境含义：前半句提到"I'd make him get off"（我会让它下床），后半句说"the next night he'd do it"（第二天晚上他还会这么做），again 精准体现了动作的重复性、持续性，突出狗狗行为的反常性。 搭配逻辑：用于描述重复发生的动作，常与 do、happen、repeat 等词搭配，强调动作的复现。 情感色彩：中性，客观描述动作规律，暗含作者对狗狗反复行为的疑惑。 干扰项错因 A. instead（反而，代替）：需要存在"两个对立动作，用一个替代另一个"的语境，此处没有替代关系，逻辑不通。 C. too（也）：仅用于肯定句句末，表示"和前文提到的主体做了同样的事"，此处只有狗狗一个主体，没有并列对象。 D. either（也）：仅用于否定句句末，此处是肯定句，语法搭配错误。 45. 答案：C. dawned（开始明白，逐渐领悟） 语境含义：作者之前一直困惑于狗狗的反常行为，某一天突然意识到它舔的是下巴同一个位置，dawn on sb. 是固定习语，专门表达"某人逐渐明白、恍然大悟"的过程，突出从困惑到清晰的认知转变。 搭配逻辑：固定搭配 sth. dawn on sb.，主语是被领悟的事情，宾语是人，是完形填空高频考查的习语结构。 情感色彩：中性，准确描述认知变化的过程，符合作者后知后觉的心理状态。 干扰项错因 A. went（去）：不存在 go on sb. 表示"明白"的搭配，属于语法错误。 B. moved（移动，感动）：move on 表示"继续前行，放下过去"，与"明白事理"的语义完全无关。 D. hung（悬挂）：hang on 表示"坚持，稍等"，无法表达认知变化，属于搭配错误。 46. 答案：A. pain（疼痛） 语境含义：作者摸到下巴没有异样，也没有疼痛感，对应后文"肿瘤无法从外部感知"的医学特点，pain 是身体局部病变最典型的早期症状，符合疾病排查的逻辑。 搭配逻辑：常与 have、feel、cause 等词搭配，描述身体的疼痛感受，属于疾病类场景的核心词汇。 情感色彩：中性，客观描述身体感受，符合就医前的自我检查场景。 干扰项错因 B. fever（发烧）：是全身性症状，和下巴局部肿瘤没有直接关联，属于症状错位。 C. cough（咳嗽）：是呼吸道疾病的典型症状，与下巴部位的病变完全无关，属于场景错配。 D. doubt（怀疑）：是心理活动，不是身体感受，此处描述的是生理状态，属于概念混淆。 47. 答案：D. character（固有特点，一贯性格） 语境含义：狗狗之前一直遵守睡前流程，现在突然反复舔脸，这种行为和它平时的习惯完全不符，out of character 是固定习语，专门表示"（人/动物的行为）不符合一贯性格、反常"，精准体现行为的异常性。 搭配逻辑：固定搭配 out of character，是描述行为反常的经典表达，突出与过往表现的差异。 情感色彩：中性，客观评价行为的反常程度，暗含作者的疑惑。 干扰项错因 A. order（秩序）：out of order 表示"出故障、混乱"，多用于描述机器、规则、公共秩序，不能用来形容动物的行为习惯，适用范围错误。 B. control（控制）：out of control 表示"完全失控"，文中狗狗只是行为反常，并没有疯狂、不受约束的表现，程度过重。 C. danger（危险）：out of danger 表示"脱离危险"，与行为反常的语境完全无关，属于语义错位。 48. 答案：D. silly（荒唐的，可笑的） 语境含义：作者去看医生的原因是"狗狗总舔我的下巴"，这个理由在普通人看来非常奇怪，因此作者向医生解释时会觉得有点荒唐、不好意思，silly 精准描述了这种略带尴尬的心理。 搭配逻辑：常用来描述行为、理由、想法的"不合理、好笑"，符合向医生解释特殊就医理由的场景。 情感色彩：中性偏贬义，带有自嘲意味，非常贴合普通人面对特殊情况的微妙心理。 干扰项错因 A. proud（骄傲的）：没有任何值得骄傲的理由，情感方向完全错误。 B. excited（兴奋的）：去医院排查疾病不会因为理由特殊感到兴奋，不符合常理。 C. nervous（紧张的）：紧张是对"是否真的生病"的担忧，不是对"告诉医生理由"这件事的情绪，属于情绪对象错位。 49. 答案：B. turned out（结果是，证明是） 语境含义：就医检查后，最终结果显示作者下巴有肿瘤，it turned out that... 是固定句式，专门用来揭示最终的、出乎意料的结果，符合"原本以为理由荒唐，结果真的查出问题"的反转语境。 搭配逻辑：固定主语从句结构 It turned out that + 从句，是中考、高考完形的高频考点，用于表述结果的揭晓。 情感色彩：中性，客观陈述检查结果，暗含事情的意外性。 干扰项错因 A. gave out（分发，耗尽）：多用于描述物品用完、体力耗尽，比如"The paper gave out"（纸用完了），不能用来描述检查结果，适用场景错误。 B. broke out（爆发）：多用于描述战争、火灾、传染病等突然发生的负面事件，比如"COVID-19 broke out in 2020"，不表示"结果是"的含义。 D. set out（出发，着手）：表示"开始做某事"，比如"He set out to write a book"（他着手写一本书），与结果揭晓的语境无关。 50. 答案：C. knew（知道，感知到） 语境含义：肿瘤无法从外部摸到，但狗狗凭借敏锐的嗅觉/感知能力，明确知道肿瘤的存在，才会反复通过舔脸提醒主人，knew 突出狗狗感知的确定性，体现了动物的特殊能力。 搭配逻辑：后接宾语从句，表示"知晓某一事实"，符合此处"知道肿瘤存在"的语义。 情感色彩：中性偏褒义，暗含对狗狗感知能力的赞叹，契合全文对狗狗的正面描写。 干扰项错因 A. guessed（猜测）：程度过轻，狗狗反复、持续的反常行为说明它不是模糊猜测，而是明确感知到了异常，不符合行为逻辑。 B. hoped（希望）：狗狗不可能希望主人生病，情感逻辑完全错误。 D. forgot（忘记）：与语义完全相反，狗狗的行为恰恰是因为"记住了"异常位置。 51. 答案：A. waited（等待，拖延） 语境含义：医生强调如果作者因为没有症状就拖延就诊、等待观察，肿瘤会进一步发展，waited 此处指代"延误治疗时机"的行为，符合疾病治疗的逻辑：早发现早治疗效果更好。 搭配逻辑：此处隐含 waited for a long time 的含义，描述"拖延就诊"的行为，是医疗场景中常见的表述。 情感色彩：中性偏贬义，突出延误行为的危险性，契合医生警示的语境。 干扰项错因 B. rested（休息）：休息不会导致肿瘤恶化，没有任何医学常识支撑，属于逻辑错误。 C. recovered（康复）：如果已经康复就不会有严重后果，与后文"会很危险"的表述完全矛盾。 D. escaped（逃跑）：与病情发展完全无关，属于语义错位。 52. 答案：D. deadly（致命的） 语境含义：此处是假设延误治疗的最坏结果：恶性肿瘤持续发展会危及生命，deadly 精准描述了肿瘤晚期的致命性，突出了早发现的重要性，也从侧面体现了狗狗的救命之恩。 搭配逻辑：常与 disease（疾病）、tumour（肿瘤）、poison（毒药）等词搭配，描述事物的致命属性。 情感色彩：贬义，突出后果的严重性，与医生的警示语气一致。 干扰项错因 A. curable（可治愈的）：褒义，与"延误治疗导致坏结果"的逻辑完全相反，属于情感方向错误。 B. treatable（可治疗的）：褒义，同样是积极结果，不符合假设的恶劣后果。 C. mild（轻微的）：褒义，延误治疗会让病情加重，不可能变轻微，逻辑完全错误。 53. 答案：A. immediately（立刻，马上） 语境含义：作者一开始并没有立刻明白狗狗反常行为的含义，过了很久、看完医生后才反应过来是爱的提醒，immediately 突出了"爱的表达往往不会第一时间被理解"的核心感悟，契合全文的叙事时间线（从困惑到理解的过程）。 搭配逻辑：修饰动词 understand，强调理解的时效性，符合"后知后觉"的语境。 情感色彩：中性，客观描述认知的时间差，暗含对爱的表达方式的感慨。 干扰项错因 B. easily（容易地）：文中侧重的是"理解的时间晚"，不是"理解的难度大"，语义侧重点错误。 C. finally（最终）：与语义相反，作者最终是理解了的，不能说"我们最终也不理解"。 D. slowly（缓慢地）：与don't搭配后表示"不会缓慢理解"，即"会快速理解"，完全违背原文"后知后觉"的逻辑。 54. 答案：C. behavior（行为） 语境含义：前文提到的"不肯按惯例上床、反复跳上床舔主人下巴"都属于狗狗的具体行为表现，behavior 是对这些动作的统称，准确概括了狗狗的反常表现。 搭配逻辑：常与 strange（奇怪的）、abnormal（反常的）、good（好的）等词搭配，描述人/动物的外在动作表现。 情感色彩：中性，客观指代狗狗的动作，避免主观判断其性质。 干扰项错因 A. habit（习惯）：指长期固定的行为模式，而狗狗的这些动作是突发的、反常的，不是长期习惯，概念定义错误。 B. trick（把戏，诡计）：带有贬义，暗含"故意捉弄人"的意味，而狗狗的行为是善意的提醒，情感色彩错误。 D. game（游戏）：指娱乐性的玩耍行为，狗狗的行为是严肃的警示，不是玩闹，性质判断错误。 55. 答案：B. grateful（感激的） 语境含义：狗狗的反常行为间接救了作者的命，避免了肿瘤发展到致命的程度，因此作者对这位忠诚的朋友充满感激，grateful 是对这份救命之恩最准确的情感表达，契合全文的情感升华。 搭配逻辑：固定搭配 be grateful for sb./sth.，表示"对某人/某事心存感激"，是表达感恩的核心词汇。 情感色彩：强烈褒义，与全文对狗狗的喜爱、赞美基调完全一致，是情感的自然落点。 干扰项错因 A. sorry（抱歉的）：没有需要向狗狗道歉的事由，情感逻辑错误。 C. proud（骄傲的）：可以为狗狗的聪明骄傲，但"骄傲"无法体现"狗狗救了自己的命"这种深度的恩情，情感程度不足。 D. regretful（后悔的）：没有任何后悔的相关语境，情感方向完全错误。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56.答案：an 考点：冠词用法 解析：此处泛指"一个不同寻常的减压日"，unusual以元音音素 /ʌ/ 开头，因此使用不定冠词an。 57.答案：featuring 考点：非谓语动词 解析：主句已有谓语动词organized，此处需填非谓语形式。逻辑主语stress-relaxing day与feature（以…为特色）是主动关系，故用现在分词featuring作后置定语，修饰前面的减压日活动。 58.答案：seniors 考点：名词复数 解析：senior此处指"毕业班学生"，是可数名词，前面有All（所有的）修饰，需用复数形式seniors。 59.答案：which 考点：非限制性定语从句关系词 解析：逗号后为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the event，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，因此用关系代词which（注意：非限制性定语从句不能用that引导）。 60.答案：with 考点：介词搭配 解析：固定表达do sth. with bare hands表示"徒手做某事"，with此处表示"用（某种方式/工具）"，符合"徒手抓鱼"的语义。 61.答案：stepped 考点：动词时态 解析：句中rolled up（卷起）、stepped（踏入）和chased（追赶）是三个并列的谓语动词，描述学生的连续动作，时态需保持一致，均使用一般过去时，故填step的过去式stepped。 62.答案：simply 考点：词性转换 解析：此处修饰动词短语laughed it off（一笑置之），需用副词形式。simple的副词为simply，表示"只是，仅仅"，符合语境。 63.答案：lively 考点：词性转换 解析：此处修饰名词tug-of-war competition（拔河比赛），需用形容词live对应的形容词lively表示"热闹的，充满活力的"，契合比赛的氛围。 64.答案：is associated 考点：被动语态与固定搭配 解析：固定短语be associated with表示"与…有关联"。此处描述中国文化中马和成功的关联，属于客观常识，用一般现在时；主语the horse 是单数，因此 be 动词用is，故填is associated。 65.答案：and 考点：连词逻辑 解析：前后两个动作release built-up stress（释放积压的压力）和face the upcoming test（面对即将到来的考试）是并列顺承关系，都是活动的目的，因此用并列连词and连接。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 一、 参考范文 Dear John, Knowing that you take a great interest in my social practice, I am writing to share my recent experience of working on the school farm. Last Saturday, my classmates and I participated in an activity organized by our school. We spent the whole afternoon weeding the field and harvesting ripe tomatoes. Although the work was exhausting under the hot sun, seeing the neat rows and neatly sorted vegetables filled us with a sense of achievement. This hands-on experience was truly rewarding. It not only helped me relieve academic stress but also made me deeply appreciate the value of hard work. I realized how tough it is for farmers to produce our food. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 二、评分细则（总分15分） 评分维度 分值 评分标准 内容要点 6 1. 实践过程(3分)：准确交代时间、地点及具体劳动内容（如拔草、采摘等）。2. 劳动感悟(3分)：表达真实深刻的感悟（如缓解压力、珍惜劳动成果等）。 语言运用 6 1. 准确性(4分)：语法、拼写、标点基本无误（错误≤2处得4分；3-4处得2分；≥5处得0分）。2. 丰富性(2分)：使用课标高级词汇（如 participated, relieved, appreciate）及复合句式。 连贯与衔接 3 段落层次分明，逻辑清晰；有效使用连接词（如 while, though, not only...but also）使行文流畅。 三、 分等级答题示例 【优秀档】13-15分 特点：要点齐全，逻辑严密，行文流畅，几乎无语法错误。词汇丰富（如使用 "participated in", "relieve academic stress"），句式多变（如使用状语从句、非谓语动词）。 示范句："Although the work was exhausting..., seeing the neat rows... filled us with a sense of achievement." (非谓语动词作主语，高级表达) 【良好档】10-12分 特点：要点齐全，表达基本清楚，但词汇较基础，句式变化较少，可能有个别小错误。 示范句："Last Saturday, we went to the school farm. We picked tomatoes and cleaned the fields. It was very hard but I felt very happy. I learned that labor is important." (要点全，但语言平淡，缺乏亮点) 【及格档】7-9分 特点：覆盖部分要点，行文不够连贯，语法错误较多，词汇贫乏。 示范句："Last week we work on the farm. We do many things. The teacher is very good. I am very tired but I am happy. Labor is good." (时态混乱，要点缺失，逻辑简单) 【不及格档】0-6分 特点：明显遗漏主要内容，语法结构很差，严重影响理解。 示范句："I write to you. My school have farm. We go there. It is good. Thank you." (未按要求完成写作任务) 四、 得分要点 1. 实践过程 (6分) 时间与地点 (2分)：明确指出如 "last Saturday", "on the school farm"。 具体劳动内容 (4分)：使用动词短语描述劳动，如 "weeding the field", "harvesting tomatoes", "carrying water"。 2. 劳动感悟 (9分) 情感体验 (3分)：表达真实的身心感受，如"exhausting but fulfilling", "tired but happy"。 认知提升 (3分)：体现对生活的新认识，如 "appreciate the value of hard work", "cherish food"。 个人成长 (3分)：联系自身发展，如 "relieve stress", "improve teamwork skills"。 五、 赋分逻辑标注 第一步：抓要点 (Content Check) 阅卷老师首先快速浏览，确认是否包含“做了什么”和“学到了什么”。 判定：两要点齐全→得6分；缺一→扣3-4分。 第二步：看语言 (Language Check) 检查是否有明显的语法错误（时态、主谓一致）。 寻找高级词汇（如用"participate in"代替"go"，用"rewarding"代替"good"）。 判定：全对且词汇丰富→得7分；有小错→扣1-2分。 第三步：查连贯 (Coherence Check) 看段落是否分明，是否有逻辑连接词（"First", "Besides", "However", "Therefore"）。 判定：逻辑顺畅 → 得2分；混乱 → 扣1-2分。 最终得分：各项相加即为最终分数。 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 一、 参考范文 That night, I tossed and turned. I couldn't fall asleep as the scene in the office replayed in my head. Had I meant what I said, or was I just pretending? I felt ashamed of my jealousy, but the pain of losing still hurt. I got up and found an old team photo. In it, Terry and I were laughing with our arms around each other. It suddenly hit me that our friendship was worth more than a title. I decided to stop being so childish and support her for real. As the ceremony began, I waited backstage, practicing a smile in the mirror. This time, the smile felt natural. Seeing Terry nervously fixing her uniform, I walked over. “Good luck,” I whispered. She looked surprised but happy, squeezing my hand. When the coach announced our names as co-captains, we walked onto the stage together. Standing under the lights, I realized true leadership means lifting others up, not just wanting to win yourself. The weight in my chest was finally gone. 二、评分细则（总分25分） 本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。所续写短文词数应为150左右（词数少于130或多于170的，从总分中减去2分）。 评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑： 1. 与所给短文及段落开头的衔接程度（5分）； 2. 内容的丰富性和逻辑性（5分）； 3. 应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性（10分）； 4. 上下文的连贯性（5分）。 各档次给分范围和要求： 档次 描述 分数 第五档 与原文融合度高，情节合理，逻辑连贯；语言丰富准确，句式多样；衔接自然，主题突出（友谊、成长）。 21-25 第四档 与原文衔接较好，情节较合理；语言较准确，有少量错误但不影响理解；主题较明确。 16-20 第三档 基本完成续写，情节有断层；语言基本通顺，有较多错误；主题较模糊。 11-15 第二档 未完成续写，情节混乱；语言错误多，影响理解；主题不明确。 6-10 第一档 内容太少，语言支离破碎；未体现主题。 1-5 0分 白卷、内容无关或无法辨认。 0 采分点及扣分标准： 采分点 具体要求 分值 扣分标准 情节衔接 第一段承接“内心冲突”，第二段呼应“仪式、微笑”；结尾点明“友谊/领导力”主题。 5 情节脱节扣2-3分；未点明主题扣1-2分。 逻辑连贯 情绪转变（嫉妒→反思→接纳）自然；细节（旧照片、Terry的反应）合理。 5 情绪转变突兀扣2分；细节不合理扣1-2分。 语言准确 语法（时态、主谓一致）、词汇（拼写、搭配）正确；句式多样（从句、非谓语）。 10 每处语法/词汇错误扣1分，最多扣5分；句式单一扣2-3分。 上下文连贯 使用连接词（however, then, finally等）；段落间过渡自然。 5 缺乏连接词扣2分；段落脱节扣2分。 三、分档次答题示例与赋分逻辑 第五档（21-25分，满分参考） That night, I tossed and turned. Sleep escaping me, I kept replaying the scene in Coach’s office—my forced nod, Terry’s bright smile, and the bitter taste in my mouth. Ashamed, I dug out an old team photo: Terry and I were grinning, arms wrapped around each other after our first win. How could I let a title ruin this?I realized I’d been so busy wanting to lead that I forgot we were already a team. By dawn, I’d made up my mind: I’d support her, not for show, but for real. As the ceremony began, I waited backstage, practicing a smile in the mirror. This time, it came naturally. Spotting Terry fumbling with her uniform laces, I walked over without hesitation. “You’ve got this,” I whispered, tying the knot for her. She blinked, then squeezed my hand tight. When our names were called as co-captains, we stepped into the lights together. The weight in my chest vanished—true leadership isn’t about being the one in front; it’s about lifting each other up. 赋分逻辑： 情节：完美承接“纠结→翻照片→醒悟”，第二段“系鞋带→共同上台”细节真实，结尾点题（领导力=互相成就）→ 5/5​ 逻辑：情绪转变层层递进（羞愧→回忆→释怀），无断层 → 5/5​ 语言：非谓语（Sleep escaping…）、从句（how could I…）、地道搭配（make up one’s mind）→ 9-10/10​ 连贯：连接词（by dawn, this time, when）自然流畅 → 5/5​ 词数：约155词 → 合规 第四档（16-20分，中等偏上） Paragraph 1:​ That night, I tossed and turned. I thought about what happened today. I was jealous of Terry, but she helped me with the difficult move last week. Maybe Mom was right—Terry was a good leader. I found an old photo of us and remembered how we won the game together last year. I decided to stop being angry and support her. Paragraph 2:​ As the ceremony began, I waited backstage, practicing a smile in the mirror. I still felt a little uncomfortable, but I smiled at Terry when she passed by. She smiled back. When the coach gave us the captain badges, we stood on the stage. I knew teamwork was important. I was happy for her. 赋分逻辑： 情节：基本衔接，但缺乏细节张力 → 4/5​ 逻辑：转变略快（从纠结到接受只一句话）→ 4/5​ 语言：句式较简单（全简单句），无语法错误但不够丰富 → 7-8/10​ 连贯：有连接词（but, when），但段落过渡较平 → 4/5​ 预估总分：17-19分 第三档（11-15分，及格线） Paragraph 1:​ That night, I tossed and turned. I can’t sleep because I am sad. Terry is captain again. I don’t think it’s fair. But my mom say I should be nice. I look at a photo. We are friends before. Maybe I should try to be happy. Paragraph 2:​ As the ceremony began, I waited backstage, practicing a smile in the mirror. I go to the stage. Terry is there. We get the award. I smile. Friendship is important. I am OK now. 赋分逻辑： 情节：有断层（未解释为何从“不甘心”到“接受”）→ 3/5​ 逻辑：情绪转变突兀，细节缺失 → 3/5​ 语言：时态混乱（am/say/get）、中式英语明显 → 5-6/10​ 连贯：几乎无连接词，句子碎片化 → 3/5​ 预估总分：12-14分 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 汕尾市高三英语下学期阶段测试（三） 考试时间：120 分钟 满分：120分 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Three Bike Tours in Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. offers a range of bike tours for visitors who wish to explore the city in an environmentally friendly yet efficient manner, allowing them to cover more ground than walking while avoiding the traffic jams that frequently trouble drivers during peak hours. Here are three carefully designed options. Tour Name Duration Distance Price Cherry Blossom Bike Tour 3 hours 4 miles $45 Washington Monuments Tour 3 hours 5 miles $35 Capital City Bike Tour 3 hours 6 miles $40 Cherry Blossom Bike Tour This small group bike tour, limited to no more than 12 participants, offers a fantastic opportunity to witness the world-famous cherry trees, which were originally gifted by Japan in 1912 and have since become a symbol of international friendship. As you cycle along the Tidal Basin, your knowledgeable guide will share fascinating stories about the trees' history and their connection to the surrounding monuments. Advance booking is strongly recommended, as the cherry blossoms typically bloom for only two weeks each spring, during which demand far exceeds availability. Participants are advised to bring cameras, as photo opportunities are abundant throughout the route. Washington Monuments Bicycle Tour Covering a 5-mile route, this guided tour takes you past the Lincoln Memorial, Washington Monument, and the U.S. Capitol, among other iconic landmarks. At each stop, your guide will provide detailed historical context, highlighting lesser-known facts that even frequent visitors might find surprising. The tour package includes a comfortable bike, a properly fitted helmet, a freshly baked cookie, and a bottle of water. This tour is particularly well-suited for first-time visitors who want to gain a comprehensive understanding of the nation's capital within a limited time frame. The relatively flat terrain ensures that riders of all fitness levels can enjoy the experience without excessive fatigue. Capital City Bike Tour Whether you are a newcomer exploring the city for the first time or a long-time resident seeking a fresh perspective, this tour promises to deliver an engaging experience. Your guide, who undergoes rigorous training on the city's rich history, will entertain you with captivating stories about presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks — many of which are absent from standard guidebooks. The tour covers 6 miles at a relaxed pace, with numerous rest stops strategically placed to prevent fatigue. Comfortable cruisers and a carefully planned route make cycling between sites both enjoyable and effortless. Participants consistently rate this tour as the most informative of the three options available. 21. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To introduce bike tours in Washington, D.C. B. To explain the history of Washington's monuments. C. To encourage spring visits to Washington. D. To compare sightseeing costs in the city. 22. Which of the following statements about the Cherry Blossom Bike Tour is TRUE? A. It covers the longest distance. B. It is the most demanding physically. C. It requires advance booking. D. It is designed for history lovers. 23. Which tour is best for first-time visitors? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour B. Washington Monuments Bicycle Tour C. Capital City Bike Tour D. Both A and C B I still remember the day when a French friend told me an interesting story. Sarah, a 24-year-old woman working in Paris, decided to eat lunch alone one day. She just wanted a quiet break from her busy morning. But her colleagues were surprised. “So you don’t want to be with us?” they asked. Sarah felt uncomfortable, but she didn’t think it was a big deal. Later, she lost her job. She believed it was because she refused to join team lunches. “The boss behaved like a king,” she said. “Everyone was afraid of him and laughed at his jokes even when they weren’t funny.” I felt sorry for Sarah, but I also realized how different things are in Britain. I used to work as a waitress in Paris. I remember serving groups of colleagues who always ate together. At that time, I thought that was how things should be. But after living in Britain for many years, my opinion has changed. Here, eating alone during lunch break is quite normal. If a colleague wants to eat alone in the office, no one feels hurt. A recent survey surprised me. It showed that about one-third of young workers in France eat alone regularly. I was shocked — not because the number was high, but because it was so low. I thought more young French people would choose to eat alone by now. Last month, I met a young British woman named Emma. She told me that she enjoys eating alone during lunch. “It’s my peaceful time,” she said. “I can read a book, listen to music, or just think quietly.” She said her colleagues all understand and respect her choice. “No one questions me. That’s just how it is here.” Eating alone can be a wonderful thing. It gives people time to relax and recharge. I believe young people are right to develop the confidence to do so. They know how to take care of their mental health, which is something to be admired. Of course, socialization is also important. A group meal that you look forward to is much better than one you feel forced to attend. The key is to give people the freedom to choose. After all, we are all different, and we all have different needs. I used to think that the French had little to learn from the British about lunch. Now, I believe both cultures have something to teach each other. Whether you eat alone or with others, what matters most is that you feel comfortable and happy. 24. Why did Sarah lose her job? A. She was often late for work. B. She refused to eat lunch with colleagues. C. She didn’t laugh at the boss’s jokes. D. She always ate alone in the office. 25. How does the author feel about the survey result? A. She thinks the number is too high. B. She thinks more people should eat alone. C. She is surprised the number is so low. D. She doesn’t care about the result. 26. What does Emma’s story show about British lunch culture? A. People like to eat together. B. Eating alone is widely accepted. C. People feel hurt when others eat alone. D. Office workers must eat in the canteen. 27. What is the author’s main message in the last paragraph? A. People should never eat alone. B. French people should learn from British people. C. What matters most is to feel comfortable and happy. D. Group meals are always better than eating alone. （原创）C A 2023 report by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) warns that European hedgehog populations have dropped by over 30% in rural areas since 2000. This decline has led scientists to study the species’ unique adaptations, including a surprising "sonic (声波的) superpower." Researchers at the University of Bristol used bioacoustics (生物声学) recording devices to track wild hedgehogs in suburban gardens. Their study, published in Current Biology, reveals that hedgehogs can detect ultrasonic sounds up to 90 kHz—far beyond the human limit of 20 kHz and even surpassing cats (70 kHz). “This sensitivity helps them avoid predators like owls, which hunt using high-pitched calls undetectable to most mammals,” explains Dr. Lucy Carter, lead author of the study. The team also found that hedgehogs use ultrasonic communication. Unlike their audible snuffles and grunts, these high-frequency sounds are inaudible to humans. “We recorded hedgehogs blabbering softly to each other during mating season,” says Carter. “These calls likely help them locate mates in dense undergrowth where visibility is low.” This discovery challenges the long-held belief that hedgehogs rely solely on smell and touch. It also highlights a new threat: artificial noise pollution. Lawnmowers, leaf blowers, and traffic let out sounds in the same ultrasonic range hedgehogs use. “If their ‘private’ communication channels are flooded with human-made noise, they may struggle to find food or mates,” Carter warns. Conservationists are now urging gardeners to reduce noisy activities during peak hedgehog hours (dusk to dawn). Simple changes, like mowing lawns earlier in the day, could help protect these sonic superheroes. “Small actions matter,” Carter adds. “Understanding their hidden senses is the first step to saving them.” 28. Why is the IUCN report mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To stress the urgency of protecting hedgehogs. B. To explain why hedgehogs migrate to suburbs. C. To compare rural and urban hedgehog habitats. D. To introduce a new method of tracking hedgehogs. 29. What do the findings reveal about hedgehogs’ hearing ability? A. It is sharper than that of most mammals. B. It is limited to low-frequency sounds. C. It helps them detect food in darkness. D. It helps them communicate with cats. 30. What can be inferred about artificial noise for hedgehogs? A. It attracts them. B. It helps them hunt. C. It harms their survival. D. It sharpens their hearing. 31. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Hedgehogs: A New “Near Threatened” Species B. Ultrasonic Devices: A Lifesaver for Hedgehogs C. Sonic Superpower: Protecting Hedgehogs with Sound D. Research Surprise: Hedgehogs Chatter like Humans D Over the past ten years or so, studies of ancient DNA have skyrocketed. However, as the speed of ancient DNA research has increased, problems with data storage have also grown. Often, only some of the data collected in a study are uploaded to public databases. Furthermore, the associated metadata - information on the age of the sample,where it was found, how the DNA was gathered and chemically treated, and so on are frequently inaccurate or incomplete. Here, we set out the nature of these two problems. Earlier this year, some experts checked what data had been uploaded to public databases by the authors of 42 studies of ancient DNA published in the journals Nature, Science and Cell between 2021 and 2023. In about half of those papers, the researchers saved only those sequences(基因序列) that they had managed to match to a reference genome(参考基因), leaving no record of the unmatched ones. As a result, data from more than 3,000 ancient samples examined in these studies alone have been lost forever. It might seem that any sequence that does not match the reference genome is not important. However, improvements in computer methods and more complete reference genomes could allow researchers to match such sequences in the future. Also, even if some of the unmatched sequences are not from the species being studied, they could be among the most interesting in the data set — especially if they came from disease-causing microorganisms that infected the host. The study of ancient germs has become an important field on its own, and it is changing our understanding of the history of many infectious diseases. Until 2015, for example, historians thought that plague — a disease known for spreading very easily — first became a major human disease only about 1,500 years ago. However, analyses of unmatched sequences from ancient human remains have shown that outbreaks of plague were happening 5,000 years ago. Researchers have also used studies of unmatched sequences collected from human remains to better understand how other infectious germs evolved over time. 32. What problem results from the storage practice described in paragraph 2? A. Data loss. B. Messy data. C. Inaccessible databases. D. Insufficient genomes. 33. How does the author develop paragraph 3? A. By describing a process step by step. B. By challenging a common assumption. C. By comparing two different methods. D. By summarizing the main findings. 34. Why are "plague" and other infectious agents mentioned in the passage? A. To classify deadly diseases in history. B. To track the evolution of microorganisms. C. To provide new views on disease outbreak. D. To show the value of unmatched sequences. 35. What might be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Problems with metadata. B. Sequencing techniques. C. Cases of matched sequences. D. History of data storage. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The summer following your high school graduation is supposed to be unforgettable. Rather than spending this precious period sleeping in or gaming, why not begin a solo adventure? 36 However, you need to take some precautions for your first adventure as an adult. Before hitting the road, invest time in thorough planning. Begin by answering big⁃picture questions: What sights do you want to see? How much time will you spend away? What prior experience do you have with road⁃tripping? 37 For example, you may need bear spray(喷雾) when hiking in a national park or a surf helmet(头盔) when catching waves near coral reefs. With your destination in mind, research your route carefully, taking note of factors like the road condition, emergency supply points and alternative paths. 38 You can use your phone to plan your route with apps like All Trails that provide detailed road maps and real⁃time updates, ensuring you can make adjustments as you go. While there is nothing wrong with pushing your boundaries in your late teens, knowing your limits matters, too. Instead of jumping in at the deep end, start with smaller trips at pre⁃established campsites closer to home. 39 If you are on a tight budget for a solo adventure, you may get the ball rolling by reaching out to organizations like Outward Bound USA and REI Outdoor Classes, which offer programs specially designed for young adventurers. Despite involving some group activities, you get a chance to connect with like⁃minded individuals. 40 This simple step ensures your safety while allowing your loved ones to share in your journey. A. They make the adventure more challenging. B. Modern technology makes this easier than ever. C. Then plan the finer details with these general ideas. D. Of course, scheduling ahead together should be prioritized. E. It’s a perfect way to celebrate your newfound independence. F. Most importantly, share your arrangements with family or friends. G. This prepares you for potential challenges and provides much⁃needed experience. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) （原创）第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Ten years ago I adopted my dog Rudy from a shelter just days before they were going to put him down. As a single woman in her 50s, I’ve found his companionship really 41 . Every night we have a bedtime snack and then I get in my bed and he gets in his doggy bed right next to mine. But a year ago Rudy suddenly didn’t want to do the 42 . Every night when I got in bed he’d jump up and start licking my face over and over again, even though he knows he’s not 43 to. I’d make him get off but the next night he’d do it 44 . Soon he was doing it every time I sat down. It suddenly 45 on me that he was licking the same spot on my jaw. I felt my jaw and it seemed okay and I didn’t have any 46 , but it was so out of 47 . So I made an appointment with the doctor and felt 48 telling her why I came in but she agreed to do some tests. It 49 I had bone cancer with a tumour (肿瘤) in my jaw. It couldn’t be felt from the outside but somehow Rudy 50 it was there. I just finished chemo（化疗）and radiation and I'm doing much better now but the doctors said if I'd 51 until the tumour was big enough to be felt, it likely would have been 52 . Looking back, I realize that love often speaks in ways we don’t 53 understand. Rudy’s strange 54 was actually his way of crying out for help. I’m forever 55 for my faithful friend. 41.A. boring B. meaningful C. tiring D. confusing 42.A. routine B. exercise C. business D. project 43.A. forced B. invited C. encouraged D. supposed 44.A. instead B. again C. too D. either 45.A. went B. moved C. dawned D. hung 46.A. pain B. fever C. cough D. doubt 47.A. order B. control C. danger D. character 48.A. proud B. excited C. nervous D. silly 49.A. gave out B. turned out C. broke out D. set out 50.A. guessed B. hoped C. knew D. forgot 51.A. waited B. rested C. recovered D. escaped 52.A. curable B. treatable C. mild D. deadly 53.A. immediately B. easily C. finally D. slowly 54.A. habit B. trick C. behavior D. game 55.A. sorry B. grateful C. proud D. regretful （原创）第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the 2026 national college entrance exam, or gaokao, just weeks away, a high school in Central China's Hunan province organized 56 unusual stress-relaxing day for its final-year students, 57 (feature) activities such as fish catching, tug-of-war, and horseback riding. All graduating 58 (senior) at Minzu High School in Mayang Miao autonomous county, Huaihua, participated in the event, 59 was designed to help them relax, reduce stress, and refresh themselves before the most important exam of their school years. The most popular activity was catching fish 60 bare hands. Students rolled up their sleeves, 61 (step) into a pool, and chased after fish in the splashing water, filling the air with laughter. Some students fell into the water but did not care — they 62 (simple) laughed it off and continued playing. This playful scene provided a rare break from months of hard exam preparation. A 63 (live) tug-of-war competition followed, building team spirit among the students. Each class formed a team and cheered loudly for one another. The horseback riding activity carried a special meaning: In Chinese culture, the horse 64 (associate) with success, and the activity expressed wishes of good luck for the students in the exam. According to the organizers, the activities were intended to help students release built-up stress 65 face the upcoming test with greater confidence and a lighter heart. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) （原创）第一节 (满分15分) 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John对你参与的社会实践活动很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，分享你最近的一次劳动实践经历，内容包括： 1. 实践过程； 2. 劳动感悟。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua （原创）第二节 (满分25分) 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Cheer for Friendship​ It is often said that teamwork matters more than who gets the credit. However, I couldn't help but feel bitter when I didn't make the team captain. Tallying the votes took forever. When the results were finally announced, my heart sank. Terry Shaw had been named captain—again! Jealousy flooded over me. I had practiced harder and cared more about the team than anyone else. How could this happen? That evening, I locked myself in my room, drowning in self-pity. My mom knocked gently. "Maybe Terry just has a talent for leadership," she suggested kindly. Her words only fueled my anger. I stormed out, not wanting to see anyone. The next day at practice, I was cold and distant. Coach Maguire noticed my unusual behavior. "We need unity, not silent treatment," she warned. Terry, however, remained patient. She even stayed late to help me perfect a difficult move. Her kindness was like a sharp knife to my heart. I wanted to shout at her, but I didn't have the courage. A few days later, Coach Maguire called us to her office. "There is one final captain position available," she announced. "The vote must be unanimous (一致同意的)." Unanimous? That meant I had to verbally agree to Terry being captain in front of everyone. My face burned with shame and a trace of unwillingness. Under everyone's gaze, I forced an awkward nod. "I think Terry is the best person for the job," I said, the words tasting like ash in my mouth. Terry flashed a bright smile, but I quickly looked away, my heart still heavy with conflict. 注意：​ 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 That night, I tossed and turned._______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ As the ceremony began, I waited backstage, practicing a smile in the mirror.________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第 1 页 共 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $