非谓语动词 动名词 doing 系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（冀教版）

高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 语法专版 【专题】非谓语动词 动名词系统讲解 考频分析 冀教版高中英语中，非谓语动词是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所有核 心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空2-4题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子 丰富度与表达准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动名词dog作主语宾语表语定语的用法及与不定式 的辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·基本功能与句法成分：作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语的用法及结构特征 ·固定搭配与动词辨析：只能接doing作宾语的动词（如enjoy,avoid,,suggest等）、既可接doing也可 接todo但意义不同的动词（如remember,.forget,regret等）的辨析 ·特殊结构与语境运用：There be no doing结构、doing作介词宾语的情况、独立主格结构中doing的 逻辑主语问题 知识点一：动名词的构成及语法功能 1.动名词的构成（由动词原形加-ing构成) 1.规则变化：动词原形直接加-ing→go一→going,.study-一→studying 2.特殊变化： ◆以不发音的e结尾去e加-ing→write-→writing,make→naking 。重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing→Iun一→unning,stop→stopping 3.例句 ·(l)Swimming is good exercise.(swim→swimming,规则变化) ·(2)He enjoys reading books.(read一→reading,规则变化) 2.动名词作主语（表示抽象动作或习惯性行为） 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 1.功能特点：位于句首，谓语动词用单数 2.例句： 。(I)Learning English well takes time.(learning作主语，谓语动词takes用单数) ●(2)Playing football is his favorite sport.(playing作主语，表习惯性行为) 3.动名词作宾语（跟在及物动词或介词后） l.及物动词后接动名词：enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、practice(练习)一→例句：She practices playing the piano every day. 2.介词后接动名词：be good at(擅长)、look forward to(期待)、instead of(代替)一例句：We are looking forward to meeting you 4.动名词作表语（说明主语的性质或内容，主语多为抽象名词） 1.语法特征：主语通常是job,hobby,fn等名词，表语与主语内容等同 2.例句： ·(I)Her hobby is painting.(painting作表语，说明主语hobby的内容) 。(2)The most important thing is studying hard.(studying作表语，表主语thing的性质) 知识点二：动名词doing的功能和用法 1.作主语（表示抽象动作或习惯性行为） 1.结构：动名词(doing)+谓语动词（单数形式） 2.例句： ·(I)Swimming is good for health.(游泳有益健康；swimming作主语，谓语用is) ·(2)Reading aloud helps improve pronunciation.(大声朗读有助于提高发音；reading作主语，谓语 用helps) 2.作宾语（跟在及物动词或介词后） l.跟在及物动词后（常见动词：enjoy,finish,practice,mind,avoid,suggest等） ·结构：动词+doing 。例句： 1.She enjoys listening to music.(enjoy listening) 2.He finished doing his homework.(finish doing) 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 2.跟在介词后（常见介词：in,on,at,by,with,without,.for,about等） 。结构：介词+doing 。例句： 1.I'm interested in learning English.(in learning) 2.He left without saying goodbye.(without saying) 3.作表语（说明主语的性质或内容，主语多为抽象名词） 1.结构：主语+be动词+doing 2.例句： ·(l)Her hobby is drawing pictures.(drawing说明hobby的内容) ·(2)The most important thing is studying hard.(studying说明thing的性质) 4.作定语（修饰名词，表用途或性质) 1.结构：doing+名词（动名词与被修饰名词构成”用途”关系） 2.例句： ·(I)a reading room(阅览室，用于阅读的房间) 。(2)a swimming pool(游泳池，用于游泳的池子) 5.动名词的复合结构（逻辑主语+doing) 1.结构：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+doig(作主语或宾语) 2.例句： 。(I)His coming late made the teacher angry.(his是coming的逻辑主语，作主语) 。(2)Idon't mind your opening the window.(your是opening的逻辑主语，作宾语) 3.口语中可用：人称代词宾格/名词普通格+doing(仅作宾语) 4.例句： 。Idon't mind him opening the window.(him作opening的逻辑主语，口语用法) 知识点三：非谓语动词 1.todo（不定式) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 。offer to do(主动提出做)→例句：He offers to help me with my luggage. ◆promise to do(承诺做)→例句：She promises to keep the secret for me.. 。refuse to do(拒绝做)→例句：They refuse to take part in the competition 。choose to do(选择做)→例句：I choose to stay at home on weekends. ·pretend to do(假装做)一例句：He pretends to be asleep when his mother comes in. 。afford to do(负担得起做)→例句：We can't afford to buy a new car now. ·happen to do(碰巧做)→例句：Ihappen to meet my old friend in the sreet. 。seem to do(似乎做)→例句：She seems to know the answer to the question. 。would like to do(想要做)→例句：I would like to drink some tea. 。forget to do(忘记去做)→例句：Don't forget to turn off the lights before leaving. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： ·ask/tell/want sb.not to do(要求/告诉/想要某人不要做)→例句：My teacher asks us not to be late for class. 。It takes sb.some time to do(做某事花费某人多长时间)→例句：It takes me an hour to go to school by bike. 。have no time to do(没有时间做)→例句：I have no time to watch TV on weekdays. 2.doing(动名词/现在分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： ◆consider doing(考虑做)→例句：He is considering changing his job 。delay doing(推迟做)→例句：They delay having the meeting until next Monday. 。dislike doing(不喜欢做)→例句：She dislikes eating spicy food 。feel like doing(想要做)→例句：I feel like going for a walk after dinner. 。imagine doing(想象做)→例句：Can you imagine living on the moon? 。keep on doing(继续做)→例句：He keeps on working although he is very tired. ·miss doing(错过做)一例句：I missed seeing the film last night,. ·postpone doing(推迟做)→例句：They postpone traveling to Beijing because of the bad weather. 。risk doing(冒险做)→例句：He risks losing his job if he doesn't work hard. ·suggest sb.doing(建议某人做)→例句：The doctor suggests him taking more exercise. 2.固定短语搭配（中考常考）： ·be busy doing(忙于做)→例句：My mother is busy cooking dinner in the kitchen. 。can't help doing(忍不住做)→例句：Ican't help laughing when I hear the funny story. 。think about doing(考虑做)一例句：We are thinking about going to the beach this weekend, 4 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 3.done(过去分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。be interested in done(对被…感兴趣)→例句：I am interested in invited to the party..(注：此处 为示例，实际应用中需根据语境判断，更常见为be interested in doing) ·get done(被…)→例句：My bike got repaired yesterday. 。have sth.done(让某事被做)→例句：I have my hair cut once a month, ◆make sth.done(使某事被做)→例句：He made his voice heard by everyone in the room, 。see sth.done(看见某事被做)→例句：I saw the window broken by the boy. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错)： ·done作定语（表示被动或完成）→例句：The broken window needs to be repaired. ◆done作表语（表示状态）→例句：The door is closed now. 。done作宾语补足语→例句：I want my homework finished before9o'clock. 考法精析 考法一：动名词作宾语的动词搭配 核心：识别只能接动名词作宾语的动词，区分动名词与不定式作宾语的不同用法 真题1（语法填空）： She practices_(play)the piano for two hours every day. 答案：playing 解析：practice是只接动名词作宾语的动词，其后需用play的动名词形式playing。 真题2（完形填空）： He decided_abroad next year,but his parents suggested_at home to gain work experience first. A.to study,staying B.studying;to stay C.to study,to stay D.studying;staying 答案：A 解析：decide后接不定式作宾语，第一空用to study;suggest后接动名词作宾语，第二空用staying, 故选A。 考法二：动名词与不定式作宾语辨析 核心：根据动词搭配习惯及语境含义，区分只接动名词、只接不定式及接两者意义不同的动词用法 真题1（语法填空）： She suggested_(go)to the park this weekend.We all agreed with her. 5 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 答案：going 解析：suggest后接动名词作宾语，构成”suggest doing sth.”结构，意为”建议做某事 真题2（单项选择)： He forgot_the door when he left,so his house was broken into. A.lock B.to lock C.locking D.locked 答案：B 解析：根据语境”离开时忘记锁门导致失窃'，表示”忘记去做某事（未做)”，用'forget to do sth.”: 若用动名词则表示”忘记做过某事（已做）”，与句意不符，故选B 考法三：动名词的综合运用与辨析 核心：结合动名词的构成规则、语法功能（作主语、宾语、表语、定语）及常见错误辨析（与不定 式作主语的差异、复合结构、时态语态等)，综合判断动名词的正确使用形式。 真题1（单项选择)： -English every day is important for us.My sister enjoys_English songs A.Learn;sing B.Learning;singing C.To learn;to sing D.Learned;sung 答案：B 解析：第一空需用动名词作主语，表习惯性行为，leam的动名词形式为learning;第二空enjoy后 接动名词作宾语，sing的动名词形式为singing。 真题2（语法填空）： He finished_(do)his homework and then went out.His favorite sport is_(swim). 答案：doing swimming 解析：第一空finish后接动名词作宾语，do的动名词形式为doing;第二空动名词作表语说明主语 sport的内容，swim的动名词形式为swimming(重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing)。 解题小妙招 动宾搭配先牢记，哪些动词接动名： practice suggest是代表，enjoy avoid莫，忘记； decide hope不定式，二者用法要清晰。 意义辨析看语境，未做去做不定式： 做过忘记用动名，forget remember是典型。 综合运用考得多，构成规则先掌握： 被动be加ing,完成having加done; 复合结构物主格，his doing要记牢： 主宾表语功能明，结合语境细斟酌。 6 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 ，非谓语动词全解 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.Her hobby is oil paintings in her free time A.paint B.painting C.painted D.to paint 2.He suggestedthe meeting until next Monday,but we refused. A.postpone B.to postpone C.postponing D.postponed 3.I remember-him at the party last month,but he didn't recognize me yesterday. A.meet B.to meet C.meeting D.met 4.English aloud in the morning is helpful for improving pronunciation. A.Read B.Reading C.To read D.Having read 5.The teacher told us to avoid_the same mistake in the exam. A.make B.to make C.making D.made 6.She regrets_the chance to study abroad when she was young. A.miss B.to miss C.missing D.having missed 7.Do you mindthe window?It's too hot in the room. A.I open B.me open C.my opening D.to open 8.He was criticized forlate to the important meeting. A.arrive B.to arrive C.arriving D.arrived 9.The little girl enjoys-by her parents before bedtime. A.being told stories B.to tell stories C.telling stories D.be told stories 10.-the project on time,they kept working day and night A.Finish B.Finishing C.To finish D.Having finished 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My brother practices_(play)basketball every afternoon. 2.She decided_(study)medicine at university. 3.I look forward to_(see)you at the concert tomorrow. 4._(swim)is a good way to keep fit in summer. 5.He forgot(lock)the door,so he had to go back home. 6.The children are interested in(watch)cartoons. 7.His_(come)to the party surprised everyone. 8.She avoids_(eat)spicy food because of her stomachache. 9.They succeeded in_(solve)the difficult problem 7 高中冀教版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词全解 10.(not give)up is the key to achieving your goals 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) Dear Tom, I'm writing to share my experience of learning English.Many students find it hard to improve their speaking skills,but I've found that(practice)speaking daily helps a lot.Last year,I was afraid of (speak)in public,so I avoided(join)the English club.However,my teacher suggested_(attend)the club meetings,and I decided(try)it. At first,I felt nervous about_(make)mistakes,but everyone was friendly.We spent time(discuss) topics like hobbies and travel.Gradually,I became more confident.Now,I enjoy_(talk)with foreign friends online.My progress shows that_(overcome)fear is the first step to success.I hope you can also try-(use)English in real life more often! Best wishes, Li Ming 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.C4.B5.C6D7.C8.C9.A10.C 1.playing 2.to study 3.seeing 4.Swimming 5.to lock 6.watching 7.coming 8.eating 9.solving 10.Not giving 1.practicing 2.speaking 3.joining 4.attending 5.to try 6.making 7.discussing 8.talking 9.over- coming 10.using