特殊结构与综合语法 强调与倒装系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（冀教版）

高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 语法专版 【专题】强调与倒装系统讲解 特殊结构与综合语法 考频分析 冀教版高中特殊结构与综合语法中，强调与倒装是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯 穿试卷核心题型：单项选择(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（长难句分析辅助解题）、书 面表达（提升句式多样性与表达效果）。在语法填空中，强调句的连接词选择及倒装句的语序调整 往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·强调句型：Itis/ws+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分的基本结构，以及对主语、宾语、状语等成 分的强调 ·倒装结构：完全倒装(here,there,,out,im等副词置于句首)与部分倒装（否定副词、only叶状语、 so/s1ch.that等结构置于句首)的构成与辨别 ·语境应用：在阅读理解中识别强调与倒装表达的语气强化作用，在书面表达中恰当运用以增强句式 多样性与表达效果 知识点一：强调与倒装系统讲解 1.强调句（突出句子特定成分） 1.基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分（被强调部分为人时可用who,其他情况用 that) 2.例句： 。It was Mary who bought a new book yesterday.(强调主语May) ●It is in the park that we will have a picnic.(强调地点状语in the park) 2.部分倒装（将助动词/情态动词提到主语前） 1.常见触发词：否定副词(never/,seldom/rarely)、半否定词(hardly/scarcely)、only+状语、so/such.that 结构中so/such位于句首 高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 2.例句： ·Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.(否定副词never位于句首，助动词have提前) ·Only by working hard can we achieve our goals.(only+介词短语位于句首，情态动词can提前) 3.完全倒装（将谓语动词完全提到主语前） 1.常见情况：here/here开头的句子（主语为名词时）、表示方位的副词(out/in/up/dowm)位于句首、 介词短语作状语位于句首且主语为名词 2.例句： ●Here comes the bus..(here开头，主语the bus为名词，谓语comes提前) ●Out rushed the children when the bell rang.(方位副词out位于句首，谓语uhed提前) 知识点二：强调与倒装结构 1.强调句（突出句子某一成分：主语、宾语、状语） 1.基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分（被强调部分为人时可用who,其他情况用 that) 2.例句： ·It was Tom that/who helped me yesterday.(强调主语Tom) ●It is English that she teaches in a middle school..（强调宾语English) ·It was yesterday that Tom helped me.(强调时间状语yesterday) 3.注意事项：去掉It is/was.that/who后，句子仍完整（如：Tom helped me yesterday.语法正确） 2.部分倒装（将助动词/情态动词/系动词提到主语前) 1.否定词位于句首时(never,.hardly,seldom,not only..but also..等) 结构：否定词+助动词情态动词/系动词+主语+动词原形其他 例句： Never have I seen such a beautiful place. Hardly had he arrived when the rain started. 2.”oy+状语”位于句首时 结构：Oly+状语+助动词情态动词/系动词+主语+动词原形/其他 例句： Only in this way can we solve the problem Only when he came back did I know the truth 高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 3.全部倒装（将谓语动词提到主语前，主语多为名词） 1.there be句型（表示“存在”） 结构：There+be+主语+地点/时间状语 例句： There is a book on the desk. There are three students in the classroom. 2.方位副词/介词短语位于句首时(here,there,out,in,up,dowm,on the wall等) 结构：方位副词/介词短语+谓语动词+主语（主语为名词） 例句： ●Here comes the bus. On the wall hangs a map of China. 知识点三：强调与倒装 1.强调句（中考核心) 1.基础结构拓展（中考必背)： ·It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分（强调人用who,其他用that) 例句：It was Tom who helped me with my English yesterday 。强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+hat/who+其他成分？ 例句：Was it in the park that you met her? ·强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他成分？ 例句：Where was it that you bought this book? 2.部分倒装（中考常考) 1.固定句式搭配（中考易错)： ●So+adj./adv.+be/助动词/情态动词+主语(…也如此) 例句：She likes English,and so do I. ·Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语(…也不) 例句：He can't swim,and neither can his brother. ·Only+状语（副词/介词短语/从句）+b/助动词情态动词+主语（只有…才) 例句：Only in this way can we solve the problem. 3.完全倒装（中考了解） 1.基础用法拓展（中考辨析）： 3 高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 ·表示方位的副词(here/there/out/in/up/dowm)置于句首+谓语动词+主语（主语为名词） 例句：Here comes the bus. ·介词短语置于句首+谓语动词+主语（主语为名词） 例句：Under the tree sat an old man. 。注意：主语为代词时不倒装 例句：Here he comes. 考法精析 考法一：强调句结构辨析 核心：识别被强调部分（主语、宾语、状语等)，正确使用强调句结构'Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who +其他成分” 真题1（语法填空)： It was yesterday-I met Mary in the park 答案：that 解析：被强调部分为时间状语”yesterday”,非人称，故用hat连接。 真题2（单项选择)： -was it_saved the little girl from the river? A.Who that B.What that C.How who D.Where that 答案：A 解析：第一空被强调部分为人，用who;第二空强调句结构中连接词用that,构成”Who was it that.” 的特殊疑问句形式。 考法二：强调句与虚拟语气融合应用 核心：结合语境判断是否使用强调句结构，同时正确运用虚拟语气的时态 真题1（语法填空）： It was yesterday_he_(tell)me the news if he had known it. 答案：that;would have told 解析：第一空考查强调句，被强调部分是时间状语yesterday,故用that;第二空根据if he had known it可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would have done,故填would have told。 真题2（单项选择)： It is I who_(be)to blame for the mistake ifI(be)more careful. A.am;was B.am;were C.was;were D.was;am 答案：B 解析：强调句中who指代I,故第一空用am;第二空是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，be动词用were。 考法三：强调句、倒装与虚拟语气的综合运用 高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 核心：结合语境判断强调结构、倒装条件及虚拟语气的时间呼应，掌握强调句的that/who选择、倒 装的助动词提前规则及虚拟语气的时态搭配 真题1（单项选择）： It was only when he told me the truth-I realized Ihim earlier. A.that;should trust B.who;should have trusted C.that;should have trusted D.who;should trust 答案：C 解析：第一空考查强调句，被强调部分为时间状语从句'only when he told me the truth”,强调句结构 用that;第二空考查虚拟语气，”should have trusted'表示”本应该信任却未信任”，符合语境中”过 去未信任”的非真实情况。 真题2（语法填空）： Never_she_(imagine)that such a terrible earthquake would hit her hometown.If she_(know)it in advance,she(move)to a safer place. 答案：did,imagine;had known;would have moved 解析：第一句否定副词Never位于句首，需部分倒装，结合语境用一般过去时，助动词did提前；第 二句考查虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，从句用had known,主句用would have moved。. 解题小妙招 强调句结构妙招 强调句型It is/was,被强调部分先看清： 人用who物用that,时间地点也用that: 特殊问句特殊变，疑问词提前that不变： 强调句中主谓搭，人称时态要匹配。 虚拟语气妙招 虚拟语气看条件，与现相反did/were: 与过相反had done,与将相反would do: 建议命令和要求，should do加原形： 强调句中虚拟融，时态匹配要记牢。 定语从句妙招 定从先行看分明，人用who/whom/that: 物用which/that替，whose作定表所属； 关系副词where/when/why,先行在句作状位： 缺主缺宾用关系代，不缺成分用关系副。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.It was in this room_we held the meeting yesterday. 高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 A.which B.that C.where D.when 2.-by the teacher,he decided to study harder. A.Criticizing B.Criticized C.To criticize D.Be criticized 3.I wish Iable to solve the problem now. A.am B.was C.were D.be 4.This is the reason_he refused to attend the party. A.why B.which C.where D.when 5.Only when you finish your homework_watch TV. A.you can B.can you C.you could D.could you 6.If ittomorrow,we would cancel the picnic A.rains B.rained C.will rain D.would rain 7.The book_on the desk is mine A.lay B.lying C.laid D.lain 8.-she is young,she has rich experience. A.Because B.If C.Though D.Since 9.He suggested that wethe project at once A.start B.started C.would start D.had started 10.It is I who_responsible for the mistake A.am B.is C.are D.was 演练二：填空试题 1.(see)from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautiful 2.It was Tom-helped me with my English last week. 3.The reason_he was late was that he missed the bus 4.If I_(know)his address,I would have visited him. 5.(not finish)his work,he had to stay in the office. 6.This is the best filmI have ever seen 7.She speaks English as if she_(be)a native speaker 8.Only by practicing every day_(can)you improve your skills. 9.The girl(wear)ared dress is my sister. 10.I can't find the penI bought yesterday. 演练三：语法填空试题 6 高中冀教版 【语法全解】 特殊结构与综合语法 Last year,I visited a small village(surround)by mountains.The villagers were very friendly and invited me to stay in a house-(build)in the 19th century.Every morning,I would wake up-(hear)the birds singing.One day,I met an old man -told me stories about the village.He said,"If the village(not protect)by the government,it would have been destroyed."I was deeply moved by his words. On my last day,I climbed to the top of the mountain.-(stand there,I realizedhow beautiful nature was.It was then-I decided to do something-(protect)such places.Now,I often volunteer with environmental organizations.I believe-everyone makes a contribution,the world(become)better. 答案区 演练-：1B2.B3.C4.A5.B6B7.B8.C9.A10.A 1.Seen 2.who/that 3.why 4.had known 5.Not having finished 6.that 7.were 8.can 9.wearing 10.that/which 1.surrounded 2.built 3.hearing 4.who/that 5.had not been protected 6.Standing 7.that 8.to protect 9.if 10.will become 7