非谓语动词 动名词 doing 系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（北师大版）

高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】动名词doing系统讲解 非谓语动词专项突破 考频分析 北师大版高中英语中，非谓语动词是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所有 核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空2-4题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句 子结构的复杂性与表达的丰富性。在语境理解类题目中，动名词dong作主语、宾语及介词后的使 用往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。基本句法功能：作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语的用法及结构特点 ·固定搭配与辨析：接doing作宾语的动词（如enjoy,.practice,avoid等）和短语（如be used to,look forward to等)，与todo作宾语的动词（如want,decide,.hope等）的辨析 。特殊结构与语境：doing用于therebe句型(There is no doing sth)、独立主格结构（逻辑主语+doing) 及语境中作主语时的主谓一致问题 知识点一：动名词doing的基本用法及功能 1.动名词的构成（动词原形+ing) 1.规则变化 。直接加-ing(如reading,playing) ●去e加-ing(如writing,making) 。重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing(如unning,swimming) 2.例句： 1.She enjoys singing.(sing>singing) 2.He practices playing basketball every day.(play->playing) 2.动名词的语法功能（兼具动词和名词特征） 1 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 1.作主语（表示抽象动作）： .Swimming is good exercise. 2.作宾语（跟在及物动词或介词后）： ·He avoids eating junk food..(及物动词avoid后接动名词作宾语) 。She is interested in learning Chinese.(介词in后接动名词作宾语) 3.作表语（说明主语的性质或内容）： ●Her hobby is painting. 4.作定语（修饰名词，表用途或性质）： ·a reading room(阅览室，表用途) 3.动名词的复合结构（逻辑主语+动名词） 1.形式：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+动名词 2.例句： l.His coming late made the teacher angry..(his为动名词coming的逻辑主语) 2.I appreciate Tom's helping me.(Tom's为动名词helping的逻辑主语) 4.常见后接动名词的动词及固定搭配 l.动词类：enjoy（喜欢)、finish(完成)、mind(介意)、practice(练习)、avoid(避免)→I finished doing my homework. 2.介词短语类：be good at(擅长)、give up(放弃)、look forward to(期待)、instead of(代替)→She looks forward to meeting you. 知识点二：动名词doing的功能及用法 1.作主语（表示抽象动作或习惯性行为） 1.基本结构：Doing sth.+谓语动词（通常用单数） 2.例句： 1.Swimming is good for health.(swimming作主语，谓语用is) 2.Reading aloud in the morning helps improve pronunciation.(reading作主语，谓语用helps) 3.常用句型：Itis+形容词/名词+doing sth.(it作形式主语，真正主语是doing) 4.例句： 2 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 1.It is interesting playing computer games.(it是形式主语，playing是真正主语) 2.It is a waste of time watching TV all day.(it是形式主语，watching是真正主语) 2.作宾语（跟在及物动词或介词后） 1.跟在及物动词后（常见动词：enjoy,finish,practice,mind,avoid,suggest,keep等） 。结构：动词+doing sth. 。例句： 1.She enjoys listening to music. 2.He finished doing his homework at 9 p.m. 2.跟在介词后（常见介词：in,on,at,with,without,.for,about等） 。结构：介词+doing sth. 。例句： 1.He is good at playing basketball. 2.They went home without saying goodbye. 3.作表语（说明主语的性质或内容，主语通常是抽象名词） 1.结构：主语+be动词+doing sth. 2.例句： 1.Her hobby is dancing. 2.The most important thing is studying hard. 4.作定语（修饰名词，通常位于名词前，表示用途或性质） 1.结构：doing+名词(doing相当于形容词) 2.例句： 1.There is a swimming pool in our school. 2.He bought a running shoes yesterday. 5.动名词的复合结构（逻辑主语+doing,强调动作的执行者） 1.结构：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+doing sth. 2.例句： 1.His coming late made the teacher angry. 2.Tom's playing computer games too much is bad for his eyes. 3 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】A版知识点全解 6.常见固定搭配（后接动名词的动词/短语) 1.动词短语：feel like,give up,keep on,put off,be used to(习惯于) 。例句： 1.I feel like eating ice cream. 2.He gave up smoking last year. 2.句型：can't help doing（忍不往做某事)，have fun doing(做某事很开心) ·例句： 1.She couldn't help laughing when she heard the joke. 2.We had fun playing on the beach. 知识点三：非谓语动词 1.todo（不定式) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： ●forget to do(忘记去做)→Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave. 。remember to do(记得去做)→Remember to buy some milk on your way home. ●would like to do(想要做)→I would like to drink a cup of tea, ·offer to do(主a动提出做)→He offers to help me with my English, ●seem to do(似乎做)→She seems to know the answer.. ·start to do(开始做)→They start to work at9a.m. ·want sb.todo(想要某人做)→I want my brother to help me. ●teach sb.todo(教某人做)→My father teaches me to swim. ·help sb.(to)do(帮助某人做)→She helps her mother (to)cook dinner. ·promise to do(承诺做)→e promises to come on time. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错)： 。ask sb.not to do(要求某人不要做)→The teacher asks us not to be late. 。tell sb.not to do(告诉某人不要做)→My mother tells me not to play computer games. ●It takes sb.some time to do(做某事花费某人多少时间)→It takes me an hour to get to school.. 2.doing（动名词/现在分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背)： 。stop doing(停止做)→e stops talking when the teacher comes in, 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。like doing（喜欢做)→I like listening to music in my free time. ·hate doing(讨厌做)→She hates cleaning the room. ·go doing(去做某事)→They often go swimming in summer. 。prefer doing(更喜欢做)→He prefers playing football to basketball.. 。continue doing(继续做)→After lunch,we continue working. ·consider doing(考虑做)→I consider buying a new bike. ●suggest sb.doing(建议某人做)→The doctor suggests him drinking more water.. 。be busy doing(忙于做)→My mother is busy cooking in the kitchen. 。feel like doing(想要做)→I feel like eating ice cream now. 2.固定短语搭配（中考常考)： ·can't help doing(忍不住做)→She can't help laughing when she hears the joke. 。be worth doing(值得做)→The book is worth reading, ·spend money doing(花费金钱做)→He spends200 yuan buying a new pen. 3.done(过去分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。have sth.done(让某事被做)→My father has his car repaired, ·get sth.done(使某事被做)→I need to get my hair cut. ●see sth.done(看见某事被做)→I see the window broken. 。hear sth.done(听见某事被做)→He hears the song sung ·find sth.done（发现某事被做)→She finds her homework finished. 。make sth.done(使某事被做)→The workers make the machines repaired, ·keep sth.done(使某事保持被做的状态)→Keep the door closed, 。leave sth.done(使某事处于被做的状态)→He leaves his homework unfinished. 2.固定结构搭配（中考常考)： ·be surprised at doing(对做某事感到惊讶)→She is surprised at hearing the news. 。be pleased with doing(对做某事感到满意)→I am pleased with finishing the work. ·be)used to do(被用来做)→Knives are used to cut things. 。be done(被动语态)→The room is cleaned every day.. 考法精析 考法一：动名词作宾语的动词及固定搭配辨析 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 核心：识别后接动名词作宾语的动词（如enjoy,finish,avoid等）和介词短语（如look forward to, give up等)，正确填写动名词形式 真题1（语法填空）： She enjoys (sing)in the school choir. 答案：singing 解析：动词enjoy后接动名词作宾语，simg的动名词形式为singing。 真题2（完形填空）： He finally finished his homework and went out to play. A.do B.doing C.to do D.does 答案：B 解析：动词finish后接动名词作宾语，应用doing形式。 考法二：动名词与不定式作宾语的差异辨析 核心：根据动词搭配及语境意义，区分后接动名词或不定式的不同用法（如remember,.regret,.ry等 动词的双重搭配差异) 真题1（语法填空）： I remember (meet)her at the party last week,but I can't recall her name now. 答案：meeting 解析：由时间状语“last week”可知，“遇见”为已发生的动作，remember后接动名词doing表“记 得做过某事”，故填meeting。 真题2（完形填空）： Please remember_ (lock)the door before you leave the classroom. A.lock B.to lock C.locking D.locked 答案：B 解析：句意为“记得离开教室前要锁门”，表示“记得去做未发生的动作”，remember后接不定式 todo,故选B。 考法三：动名词的综合语法功能及固定搭配应用 核心：结合动名词作主语、宾语的语法功能，识别后接动名词的动词/介词固定搭配，掌握复合结 构的基本形式 真题1（单项选择)： My brother enjoys_ basketball every afternoon.He thinks it's good exercise. A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play 答案：C 6 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 解析：动词enjoy后需接动名词作宾语，play的动名词形式为playing,符合”enjoy doing sth.”的固 定搭配。 真题2（语法填空）： She is good at (swim).She swims very fast. 答案：swimming 解析：介词at后接动名词作宾语，swim是重读闭音节动词，需双写尾字母加-ing,故填swimming, 符合be good at doing sth.”的搭配规则。 解题小妙招 动名词作宾妙招 后接动名词有动词，enjoy finish avoid牢牢记： 介词短语也常见，look forward to give up要注意； 直接跟在其后用doing,形式变化别忘记。 动名不定差异妙招 remember regret try有双重，用法差异看语境； 已做动作要牢记，doing形式表曾经： 未做动作需提醒，todo结构表将要： regret doing悔当初，regret to do憾告知。 动名综合运用妙招 动名作主看逻辑，主动doing被动being done: 时态语态要辨清，完成形式having done: 易混点在不定式，功能差异细分析： instead of后接doing,牢记搭配不迟疑。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.She avoids fatty food to keep a healthy diet. A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.eaten 2.Remember the lights before leaving the room. A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn off D.turned off 3.He regretted lies to his parents when he was young. A.tell B.to tell C.telling D.to telling 7 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 4.The teacher suggested_ a discussion about the problem A.have B.having C.to have D.had 5.She is looking forward to her grandparents during the vacation. A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited 6.My brother is good at basketball and often wins matches. A.play B.playing C.to play D.played 7.They gave up the project because of financial problems. A.continue B.continuing C.to continue D.continued 8.He dislikes by others without any reason. A.interrupt B.interrupting C.being interrupted D.to interrupt 9.Try more water if you have a sore throat. A.drink B.drinking C.to drink D.drunk 10.in the morning is a good way to start the day. A.Run B.Running C.To run D.Ran 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She finished(read)the novel in two days. 2.Imind (smoke)in public places. 3.He practices (play)the piano every evening. 4.They are interested in(learn)Chinese culture. 5.The child admitted (break)the window 6.She looks forward to(meet)her favorite singer. 7.We should avoid (make)the same mistake again. 8.He gave up (smoke)last year 9. (swim)is my favorite sport in summer 10.I regret (not tell)her the truth earlier. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Nowadays,many students enjoy (watch)short videos online.However,spending too much time on them may lead to(waste)valuable study time.Teachers often advise students(balance)en- tertainment and learning.For example,instead of(spend)hours scrolling through videos,they can try (use)educational platforms to improve their skills. Some students have difficulty(focus)on their homework after watching videos.This is because their attention is easily distracted by the exciting content.To solve this problem,experts suggest(set)a 8 高中北师大版高中英语语法全解 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 daily time limit for video watching.Additionally, (do)physical exercise after studying can help refresh the mind. Remember,_ (manage)time properly is key to success.By avoiding(get)addicted to short videos,you can make better use of your daily life 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.C4.B5.B6B7.B8.C9B10.B 1.reading 2.smoking 3.playing 4.learning 5.breaking 6.meeting 7.making 8.smoking 9.Swim- ming 10.not telling 1.watching 2.wasting 3.to balance 4.spending 5.using 6.focusing 7.setting 8.doing 9.managing 10.getting 9