Unit 6 A Greener Earth2-2025-2026学年高中英语必修二语法知识点全解（重大版）

高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】Unit6 A Greener Earth 虚拟语气与环保主题词汇 考频分析 重庆大学版必修第二册中，Unit6 A Greener Earth相关语法是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的l5% 左右，贯穿试卷核心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(2-3题)、书面表 达（核心考察，直接影响话题表达的连贯性与环保主题的契合度）。在语境理解类题目中，与环保 主题相关的词汇运用、时态及句式结构往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）：是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的5%左右，主要分布 在试卷的核心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)、书面表达（偶尔 考察，影响句子语气的准确性)。 ·环保主题词汇：在语境理解类题目中，虚拟语气的谓语动词形式及上下文逻辑往往是解题关键。 知识点一：虚拟语气（与现在事实相反） 高中英语对虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）的考察聚焦三大维度： l.基本结构识别：if从句中动词用过去式(be动词多用were),主句用would/could/should/night+动 词原形的结构判断 2.语境场景匹配：与现在事实相反的假设场景（如能力、状态、意愿等与现实不符的情况）的语境理 解与结构选择 3.句式转换应用：陈述句与疑问句的虚拟语气转换，以及第一人称与第三人称视角下虚拟语气表达的 一致性 知识点二：环保主题核心词汇及短语 1.环境污染类 1 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 ·名词：pollution(污染)、air pollution(空气污染)、water pollution(水污染)、noise pollution(噪音 污染)、plastic(塑料)、ubbish/garbage(垃圾)、waste(废弃物)、chemical(化学物质)、smoke (烟)、d1st(灰尘) ·动词：pollute(污染)、ham(伤害)、destroy(破坏)、litter(乱扔垃圾)、dump(倾倒)、bum(燃烧) 。形容词：polluted(受污染的)、harmful(有害的)、dangerous（危险的)、noisy(吵闹的) ·例句： l.Air pollution is becoming more and more serious in some cities.（空气污染在一些城市变得越来越 严重。) 2.We should not litter in public places.(我们不应该在公共场所乱扔垃圾。) 2.环境保护类 ·名词：environment(环境)、protection(保护)、nature(自然)、forest(森林)、tree(树)、plant (植物)、animal(动物)、resource(资源)、energy(能源)、recycle(回收利用)、reuse(再利用) reduce(减少) 。动词：protect(保护)、save(节约)、plant(种植)、recycle(回收)、reuse(再利用)、reduce(减 少)、conserve（保护，保存) ·形容词：green(绿色的，环保的)、eco-friendly(环保的)、natural(自然的)、renewable(可再生的) 。例句 l.We should protect the environment for our future.(我们应该为了我们的未来保护环境。) 2.Planting more trees can help improve air quality.(种更多的树可以帮助改善空气质量。) 3.环保行动类短语 ·动词短语：take action(采取行动)、make a difference（产生影响)、play a part in(参与)、cut down on(减少)、turn off(关掉)、pick up(捡起) ·介词短语：in order to(为了)、instead of(代替)、because of(因为)、for the environment(为了环境) 。例句： 1.Everyone can play a part in protecting the earth.(每个人都可以参与到保护地球中来。) 2.We should turn off the lights when we leave the room to save energy.(我们离开房间时应该关灯以 节约能源。) 4.环保问题与解决类句型 。问题句型： 1.What can we do to.?(我们能做什么来…？) 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.Howt0.?（如何…？) 3.Why is it important to?（为什么…很重要？) 。解决句型 1.We should..(我们应该…) 2.It's necessary to..(有必要…) 3.We can..by.(我们可以通过…来…) 。例句： l.What can we do to reduce plastic waste?(我们能做什么来减少塑料垃圾？) 2.We can reduce pollution by using public transport instead of cars.(我们可以通过使用公共交通代 替汽车来减少污染。) 知识点三：情态动词 1.基础含义与用法（中考必背） ·can(能/会/可以)→例句：I can speak English and Chinese. ·may(可以/可能)→例句：May I borrow your dictionary? 。must(必须/一定)→例句：We must obey the school rules 。should（应该)→例句：You should finish your homework on time. ·will(将要/愿意)→例句：I will go to the park tomorrow. 。would(将要/愿意，will的过去式)→例句：He said he would help me 。need(需要)→例句：You need finish your homework first.. ·had better（最好)→例句：You had better go to bed early.. 2.否定形式（中考易错) ·can't（不能/不会)一→例句：Ican't swim across the river. 。mustn't(禁止)→例句：You mustn't park here. ·needn't(不必)→例句：You needn't come so early. 。shouldn't(不应该)→例句：You shouldn't eat too much junk food. ·won't(不会/不愿意)→例句：He won't listen to my advice. ·wouldn't(不愿意，will的过去式否定)→例句：She said she wouldn't go there. 3.疑问形式与回答（中考常考） 3 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。Can you..?(你能…吗？)→例句：Can you speak French?-Yes,Ican.No,Ican't. 。MayI.?(我可以…吗？)→例句：May I use your pen?-Yes,you may./No,you mustn't 。MustI.?(我必须…吗？)→例句：Must I finish it today?一Yes,you must..No,you needn't. ●Should I.?(我应该…吗？)一→例句：Should I go there now?一Yes,you should./No,you shouldn't. 。Need I.?(我需要…吗？)→例句：Need I call him?一Yes,you need./No,you needn't. 解题小妙招 虚拟语气妙招 与现相反虚拟句，从句be动词用were: 真实条件可能性，主将从现要牢记： 主句情态would佳，might可能性较弱； 省略if要倒装，were提前主谓换； 语境提示是关键，事实相反辨虚拟。 考法精析 考法一：虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）的句式转换与练习应用 1.陈述句与疑问句转换 肯定陈述句→一般疑问句： -原句：If I were you,.I would accept the invitation. -转换：Would you accept the invitation if you were me? (结构：将主句情态动词提前，句末加问号) 否定陈述句→特殊疑问句： -原句：If she had money,.she wouldn't buy this dress. -转换：Why wouldn't she buy this dress if she had money? (结构：特殊疑问词+主句情态动词否定式+主语+动词原形+f从句) 2.同义句转换（真实条件句→虚拟语气) -真实条件句：If he has time,he will help us.(可能有时间) 虚拟语气：If he had time,he would help us.(事实：他没时间) (转换规则：将真实条件句的一般现在时改为过去式，一般将来时改为'would+动词原形”) 3.翻译练习（中译英） 基础难度： (1)如果我现在有空，我会陪你去购物。 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 -If I were free now,I would go shopping with you. (2)即使天气好，我们今天也不会去爬山。 -If it were fine today,we wouldn't climb the mountain. 进阶难度： (1)她要是会游泳，就能救那个小男孩了。 -If she could swim,she could save the little boy. (2)如果你是我，你可能会做出同样的选择。 If you were me,you might make the same choice. 4.改错练习（找出错误并修正） (1)If Tom was here,he will help us.(x) →If Tom were here,.he would help us.(were统一；will-would) (2)Were I you,I might not to agree.(x) 一Were I you,I might not agree.(情态动词后接动词原形，去掉to) (3)If they have enough money,they could buy a new house.(x) →If they had enough money,they could buy a new house.(have→had,与现在事实相反) 5.情景填空（用所给词的正确形式填空) (1)If I(be)a bird,I(fly)over the mountains.(were,would fly) (2)She_(call)you if she_(know)your phone number.(would call,knew) (3)一(be)it not for the rain,we_(go)hiking now.(Were,would go)(省略if的倒装) 考法二：虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）的从句be动词填空 核心：根据与现在事实相反的虚拟语气规则，在if从句中填入正确的be动词形式（统一用were) 真题1（语法填空)： If she_(be)here now,she would help us solve the problem. 答案：were 解析：此句为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句的be动词统一用were,无论主语是第儿人称或 单复数。 真题2（单项选择)： If I a bird,I would fly to the sky. A am B is C was D were 答案：D 解析：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，if从句的be动词必须用were,故选D。 考法三：环保语境下虚拟语气（与现在事实相反)的综合应用 5 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 核心：结合环保主题语境，识别与现在事实相反的虚拟语气结构，正确运用b动词形式、情态动 词及句式转换 真题1（单项选择)： If everyoneplastic bags,our environment better now. A.uses would be B.used will be C.used would be D.uses will be 答案：C 解析：根据语境”如果每个人都不用塑料袋，现在环境会更好”，与现在事实相反（实际仍在使用 塑料袋)，if从句用过去式used,主句用would+动词原形be。 真题2（语法填空）： If we(plant)more trees every year,the air pollution(reduce)greatly. 答案：planted would be reduced 解析：从句表示与现在事实相反的假设，动词用过去式planted:主句主语”air pollution”是动 作'reduce”的承受者，需用被动语态，结合虚拟语气结构would be+过去分词'，故填would be re- duced。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择 1.If the sunshining now,wego swimming.But it'sraining heavily. A.was;would B.were;would C.were;might D.is;will 答案：B 2.If I you,I give up this chance.You should try your best. A.am;won't B.were;wouldn't C.was;wouldn't D.am;wouldn't 答案：B 演练二：语法填空 1.If she_(be)here now,she would help us solve the problem. 答案：were 2.If we_(plant)more trees every year,the air pollution(reduce)greatly. 答案：planted would be reduced 演练三：句式转换 6 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 1.将陈述句转换为疑问句： If I were you,I would accept the invitation. 答案：Would you accept the invitation if you were me? 2.将真实条件句转换为虚拟语气： If he has time,he will help us. 答案：Ifhe had time,.he would help us. 答案区 演练一：1B2.B 演练二：l.were2.planted would be reduced 演练三：l.Would you accept the invitation if you were me?2.If he had time,he would help us. 7