Unit 6 A Greener Earth1-2025-2026学年高中英语必修二语法知识点全解（重大版）

高中重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6语法全解 语法专版 【专题】现在完成时的被动语态与环保主题 词汇 Unit 6 A Greener Earth 考频分析 重庆大学版必修第二册中，Unit6 A Greener Earth相关语法是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的l5% 左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核 心考察，直接影响话题表达的准确性与逻辑性。在语境理解类题目中，该单元涉及的环保相关词汇 运用、时态及句子结构往往是解题关键。 考查内容 现在完成时的被动语态是高中英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的8%左右，主要分布在以下 核心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、短文改错(1题)。在语境理解类题目中，现 在完成时的被动语态的构成(have/has been+过去分词)及用法（强调动作对现在的影响或动作的 完成)往往是解题关键。 知识点一：现在完成时的被动语态 1.构成形式 ·肯定式：助动词have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词 ·否定式：haven't/hasn't+been+及物动词的过去分词 疑问式：Have/Has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词 2.用法辨析 ·表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果且主语是动作的承受者 ·表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态且主语是动作的承受者 3.语境应用 高中重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6语法全解 与时间状语already、yet、never、ever、so far、since+时间点、for+时间段等连用的场景匹配，主动 语态转换为现在完成时被动语态的句式变换。 知识点二：环保主题核心词汇与短语辨析 1.环境相关名词 基础词汇：environment(环境)、pollution(污染)、resource(资源)、energy(能源)、recycle(回 收)、waste(废弃物)、species(物种)、habitat(栖，息地) 例句 (1)We should protect the environment from pollution. (2)Renewable energy like solar power is good for the earth 2.动词短语 核心短语：cut down(砍伐)、sort out(分类)、save energy(节约能源)、reduce waste(减少浪费) take action(采取行动)、make a difference(产生影响) 例句 (1)People shouldn't cut down too many trees. (2)We can sort out rubbish into different groups 3.形容词辨析 易混词对比：eco-friendly(环保的)VS harmful(有害的)、renewable(可再生的)VS non-renewable (不可再生的) 例句 (1)Using cloth bags is eco-friendly. (2)Coal is a non-renewable resource. 4.介词搭配 常用搭配：be harmful to(对…有害)、be good for(对…有益)、play a part in(参与)、instead of (代替) 例句 (1)Plastic bags are harmful to sea animals. (2)We should walk instead of driving cars. 知识点三：状语从句 1.时间状语从句（中考高频) 高中重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6语法全解 ·when(当…时)→例句：I was reading when the phone rang. ·while（当…时/然而)→例句：While she was cooking,I was doing homework. ·ntil(直到…)→例句：He waited until his mother came back. ·as soon as(一…就…）→例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive. ·before(在…之前)→例句：Wash hands before you eat meals. 2.条件状语从句（中考核心） ·if(如果)→例句：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home. ·nless(除非/如果不)→例句：You won't pass the exam unless you study hard. ·as long as(只要)→例句：You can borrow the book as long as you return it on time. 3.原因状语从句（中考基础） ·because(因为)→例句：She was late because she missed the bus. ·since(既然)→例句：Since you are free today,let's go shopping. ·as(由于)→例句：As it was getting dark,we decided to go home. 考法精析 考法一：现在完成时的被动语态与其他时态的对比 1.与一般过去时被动语态的对比 区别核心：是否强调对现在的影响 (1)现在完成时被动：强调动作结果对现在的影响（常与already/yet/just连用) →例句：The classroom has been cleaned.Now it looks tidy. (2)一般过去时被动：仅表示过去发生的动作（常与yesterday/last week等过去时间状语连用） →例句：The classroom was cleaned yesterday.. 易混题对比训练： (1)O The letter by my brother.Now I know the news. A.was written B.has been written C.is written (答案：B。关键词ow'提示对现在的影响，用现在完成时被动) (2)O The letterby my brother an hour ago. A.was written B.has been written C.is written (答案：A。关键词'an hour ago”提示过去时间，用一般过去时被动) 3 高中重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6语法全解 2.与现在进行时被动语态的对比 区别核心：动作是否正在进行 ()现在完成时被动：动作已完成，影响持续到现在 →例句：The project has been finished.We can start the next step (2)现在进行时被动：动作正在被执行 →例句：The project is being finished.Please wait for a moment. 易混题对比训练： (1)O The bridge for 10 years.It still works well A.has been built B.is being built C.was built (答案：A。关键词'forl0yeas”提示动作持续影响，用现在完成时被动) (2)O Look!The bridge by workers now. A.has been built B.is being built C.was built (答案：B。关键词Iook!now提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时被动) 考法二：现在完成时的被动语态基本结构与用法辨析 真题1（语法填空）： The windows (clean)by Tom already.Now the room is bright 答案：have been cleaned 解析：由时间标志词“already”及“Now the room is bright”可知，动作已完成且对现在有影响，用 现在完成时被动语态：主语“The windows”为复数，助动词用have,clean的过去分词为cleaned. 真题2（单项选择)： the projectby the team yet? -No,they are still working on it. A.Has;been finished B.Was;finished C.Will;be finished 答案：A 解析：由时间标志词“yet”及答句“they are still working on it'”可知，问句询问动作是否己完成，用 现在完成时被动语态的疑问式：主语“the project'”为第三人称单数，助动词用has. 考法三：环保主题语境下的时态与被动语态综合应用 真题1（单项选择）： Some endangered species_ by humans so far.We should take action to protect them. A.have saved B.have been saved C.will be saved D.were saved 答案：B 解析：主语“Some endangered species”是动作“save”的承受者，需用被动语态；由时间标志词“so far”可知，用现在完成时被动语态，结构为“have been+过去分词”，save的过去分词为saved. 4 高中重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6语法全解 真题2（语法填空)： Renewable energy like wind power (use)more widely in the future.It's eco-friendly and good for the environment 答案：will be used 解析：主语“Renewable energy”是动作“use”的承受者，用被动语态：由时间标志词“in the future” 可知，用一般将来时被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”，use的过去分词为used, 解题小妙招 时态语态妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境： 主动结构记“主谓”，被动必带“be和done”; 被动中be最关键，记住be就OK; 一现被动“am/is/are”,一过被动“was/were”; 进行被动要用“being”,完成被动“have/has/had been”; 将来被动“will be”,现在完成被动“has/have been”; 时间标志是关键，“already/yet/since'”现完辨： “in/ast+过去”用一过，影响持续现完选： 综合运用看语境，时态语态要连贯。