Unit 3 Friends and Friendship1-2025-2026学年高中英语必修二语法知识点全解（重大版）

高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】直接引语与间接引语转换 语法专项突破 考频分析 直接引语与间接引语转换是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的10%左右，主要分布在 以下题型：单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)、短文改错(1-2题)。在这些题目中，人称代词、 时态、时间状语和地点状语的转换是考察的核心要点，需要结合语境准确判断转换规则的应用。 考查内容 。人称代词转换：一随主、二随宾、三不变的基本原则及特殊语境调整 ·时态与状语转换：时态呼应规则，指示代词和时间状语的转换 。句式结构转换：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句转换为间接引语时的引导词选择 知识点一：直接引语与间接引语转换 高中对直接引语与间接引语转换的考察聚焦三大维度 1.人称代词转换： ·一随主、二随宾、三不变的基本原则及特殊语境调整 2.时态与状语转换： ·一般现在时转一般过去时、现在进行时转过去进行时等时态呼应规则 。here/there、now/then、today/that day等指示代词和时间状语的转换 3.句式结构转换： ·陈述句、疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）、祈使句转换为间接引语 。引导词选择(that/if/whether/特殊疑问词)、语序调整及动词变化(ask/tell/order等) 知识点二：高频介词与固定搭配 1.表示时间的介词 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】A版知识点全解 1.at（具体时刻、年龄)： ●例句：We usually have lunch at12:00.(具体时刻) ●例句：He started learning English at the age of five..(年龄) 2.0n（具体日期、星期、节日)： ●例句：My birthday is on July 15th.(具体日期) 。例句：They will have a picnic on Sunday.(星期) 3.n（年、月、季节、泛指上午/下午/晚上)： ●例句：She was born in2008.(年) ·例句：Spring comes in March.（月) ·例句：We often go hiking in autumn.（季节) 2.表示地点的介词 1.n（大地点、空间内部)： ·例句：They live in Beijing.(大地点) 。例句：There is a book in the bag.(空间内部) 2.on（表面接触)： 。例句：The cup is on the table.(表面接触) 。例句：There are some pictures on the wall.(表面接触) 3.at(小地点、具体位置)： ·例句：He is waiting at the bus stop.（小地点) ●例句：Meet me at the school gate.(具体位置) 3.固定搭配中的介词 1.be good at(擅长)：例句：She is good at playing the piano 2.be interested in（对…感兴趣)：例句：They are interested in science.. 3.look forward to(期待)：例句：We look forward to seeing you soon. 4.depend on(依靠)：例句：Children depend on their parents. 5.be afraid of(害怕)：例句：He is afraid of snakes. 6.talk about（谈论)：例句：They are talking about their holiday. 7.listen to(听)：例句：Please listen to the teacher carefully: 8.wait for（等待)：例句：I will wait for you at the station. 2 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 知识点三：情态动词 1.能力与许可（中考必背） 1.can(能/会/可以)：例句：I can speak English and Chinese.. 2.could(过去能/委婉请求)：例句：Could you help me carry the books? 3.may(可以/可能)：例句：May I borrow your dictionary? 4.might(可能/委婉请求)：例句：It might rain tomorrow. 2.义务与必要（中考核心） 1.must(必须/肯定)：例句：You must finish your homework on time 2.have to(不得不/客观需要)：例句：I have to get up early for school.. 3.should(应该/建议)：例句：We should help each other. 4.need(需要/必要)：例句：You needn't come here so early. 3.推测与禁止（中考易错) 1.must(肯定推测，用于肯定句)：例句：He must be at home now. 2.can't(否定推测，不可能)：例句：She can't speak French. 3.mustn't(禁止)：例句：You mustn't park here.. 4.may(可能性推：测)：例句：This book may be Lucy's. 考法精析 考法一：直接引语与间接引语转换进阶规则 1.情态动词的时态转换（主句为过去时)： ·基本规则：can→could:may→night:must一→had to(表”必须'时)must(表”推测”时) ·例句：(I)She said,”I can swim fast,.”→She said that she could swim fast.(can→could) ·例句：(2)He said,"You may leave now.”→He said that I might leave then.(may-→night) 2.直接引语为客观真理/永恒事实： 。转换规则：时态无需倒退，保持原时态 ●例句：(I)The scientist said,The earth goes around the sun.”→The scientist said that the earth goes around the sun. 3.间接引语中的时间状语补充转换： 3 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。常见转换：ago-before;next month-→the next month;last year-→the year before 。例句：(I)She said,I met him three days ago.”→She said that she had met him three days before.. 4.祈使句否定形式间接引语： ●结构：ask/tell/order sb.not to do sth. ·例句：(I)The mother said,Don't play with fire..”→The mother told the children not to play with fire. 5.直接引语含情态动词need/.dare: ·转换规则：need(实义动词)→needed to;dare(实义动词)→dared to 。例句：(I)He said,.'I need to buy a new pen.”→He said that he needed to buy a new pen. 6.间接引语的标点与引导词： ·陈述句：用hat引导（可省略） ·例句：He said,I like apples.”→He said(that)he liked apples. 考法二：直接引语转间接引语（人称与时态转换) 核心：根据主句时态，调整直接引语中的人称代词及时态，遵循”一随主，二随宾，三不变”和时 态倒退规则 真题1（语法填空）： Tom said,"I(finish)my homework yesterday."Tom said that he(finish)his homework the day before. 答案：finished;had finished 解析：直接引语中时间标志词'yesterday'提示用一般过去时，填finished;间接引语中主句为过去 时，从句时态倒退，一般过去时→过去完成时，填had finished,且时间状语yesterday→the day before。 真题2（单选题)： She told me,"You are my best friend."She told me that was best friend. A.I;her B.she;my C.I;my D.she;her 答案：A 解析：直接引语中第二人称"you随宾语”me”转换为第一人称T”,物主代词'my”随主语She”转 换为her”,遵循二随宾”原则，故选A。 考法三：间接引语中的非谓语动词与介词搭配综合应用 核心：结合直接引语转间接引语时的人称、时态、句式转换规则，判断非谓语动词形式及介词搭配 的正确性 真题1（单项选择)： She told me that she looked forward tothe famous writer at the station the next day A.meet B.meeting C.met D.to meet 答案：B 4 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 解析：直接引语中'look forward to”结构在间接引语中保持不变，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语， meet的动名词形式为meeting:同时间接引语中时间状语'tomorrow'转为”the next day'符合时态呼 应规则。 真题2（语法填空）： The teacher asked Tom not_(be)afraid of making mistakes and to practice speaking English every day. 答案：tobe 解析：直接引语中”不要害怕”转换为间接引语时，as水sb.not to do sth.结构需用动词不定式否定形 式not to be;be afraid of为固定搭配，of后接动名词making符合介词搭配规则。 解题小妙招 人称转换有规则，一随主来二随宾，第三人称永不改： 时态倒退看主句，主句过去从句退，一般现在变过去，现在完成变过完，过去完成不后退： 时间状语要调整，yesterday变the day before,now变then来here变there: 非谓结构要保留，不定式to莫忘记，动名词doing不变形： 祈使句转间接引语，tell ask order来引导，肯定todo否定not to do。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择 1.The teacher asked,"Why didn't you finishthe report yesterday?"and then he told uslate again. A.writing;not be B.to write;not to be C.writing;not to be D.to write;not be 答案：C 演练二：语法填空 1.She said,"My brother enjoys_(play)basketball andhe askedme_(join)him yesterday."She said that her brother enjoyed(play)basketball and he asked her(join)him the day before. 答案：playing;tojoin;playing;:to join 答案区 演练-：1.C 演练二：l.playing;to join;:playing;to join 5