特殊句式系统复习-2025-2026学年高中英语语法复习（译林版）

高中译林版 【语法复习】 特殊句式系统复习 语法专项 特殊句式系统复习（倒装句、强调句等） 高中译林版语法复习 考频分析 初三译林版中，特殊句式是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型： 单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（辅助考察，提升句式多样 性与表达效果)。在结构分析类题目中，倒装句的语序、强调句的结构及与其他句式的区别往往是 解题关键。 考查内容 。倒装句：完全倒装(here/there引导、表语提前等)与部分倒装（否定词置于句首、only+状语置于 句首等)的结构规则与辨别 。强调句：It is/was+被强调部分+hat/who-+其他成分的基本结构，以及与定语从句的区分 。其他特殊句式：祈使句、感叹句、反意疑问句的构成特点与用法，以及省略句在语境中的正确应用 知识点一：特殊句式（倒装句、强调句） 1.倒装句（将谓语或部分谓语提到主语之前，强调或平衡结构） 1.完全倒装（谓语动词完全置于主语前）：常见于here/there开头或表示方位的副词/介词短语置于句 首时。 。例句： l.Here comes the bus.(here开头，谓语comes置于主语the bus前) 2.On the hill stands a tall tree.（方位介词短语置于句首，谓语stands置于主语a tall tree前) 2.部分倒装（将助动词/情态动词置于主语前，实义动词位置不变）：常见于否定副词/短语(never/not only/by no means等)置于句首、only+状语置于句首或“so/neither/hor+助动词/情态动词+主语” 结构中。 。例句： l.Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(否定副词never置于句首，助动词have置于主语I 前) 1 高中译林版 【语法复习】特殊句式系统复习 2.Only in this way can we solve the problem.(only+状语置于句首，情态动词can置于主语we 前) 2.强调句（通过固定结构突出句子某一成分，常用“Tts/was+被强调部分 +that/who+其他”) 1.强调对象：可强调主语、宾语、状语（时间/地点/原因等），强调人时可用who,其他情况用hat。 。例句： 1.It was Tom who/that won the competition.(强调主语Tom) 2.It was yesterday that we met in the park.(强调时间状语yesterday) 3.It is English that I like best.(强调宾语English) 2.注意：强调句去掉It is/was和that/who后，剩余部分仍能构成完整句子；若原句含not.until...,强 调时间状语时结构为“Itis/was not until..that.”。 。例句：It was not until midnight that he went to bed..(强调until midnight,原句为He didn't go to bed until midnight) 知识点二：倒装句与强调句 1.完全倒装（谓语动词置于主语前，常见于方位副词/介词短语开头的句子) 1.适用场景：表示方位的副词(here,there,.out,in,up,dowm等)或介词短语(In front of the house,On the desk等)置于句首，且主语为名词时。 2.结构：方位副词/介词短语+谓语动词+主语（名词） ·例句： l.Here comes the bus.(here置于句首，主语the bus是名词，谓语comes提前) 2.In front of the classroom stands a big tree.（介词短语In front of the classroom置于句首，主语 a big tree是名词，谓语stands提前) 3.注意事项：若主语为代词(he,he,it,they等)，则不倒装。 。例句：Here he comes.(主语he是代词，不倒装，正常语序) 2.部分倒装（助动词/情态动词置于主语前，常见于否定词/半否定词开头、“oy+ 状语”开头的句子) l.否定词/半否定词开头(never,.hardly,seldom,rarely,little,,not,no等) ·结构：否定词/半否定词+助动词情态动词+主语+动词原形过去分词 ·例句： 2 高中译林版 【语法复习】特殊句式系统复习 l.Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(否定词Never置于句首，助动词have提前，主语I 后接过去分词seen) 2.Seldom does she go to the cinema.(半否定词Seldom置于句首，助动词does提前，主语she 后接动词原形g0) 2.”oy+状语”开头（状语可为副词、介词短语或从句） ·结构：Oly+状语+助动词/情态动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词 。例句： l.Only then did I realize my mistake.(Only+副词then置于句首，助动词did提前，主语I后接 动词原形realize) 2.Only in this way can we solve the problem.(Only+介词短语in this way置于句首，情态动词 can提前，主语we后接动词原形solve) 3.强调句(Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分，强调句子的主语、 宾语、状语等) 1.基本结构：强调人时可用who/that,强调物或状语时只能用hat。 ·例句： 1.It was Tom who/that helped me yesterday..(强调主语Tom,可用who或that) 2.It is in the park that we will meet.(强调地点状语in the park,用that) 2.特殊句式（强调not...until..结构) 。原句：I didn't go to bed until my parents came back. 。强调句：It was not until my parents came back that I went to bed.(将not until引导的时间状语置于 被强调部分，用that连接) 3.注意事项：去掉Itis/was和that/who后，剩余部分仍能构成完整句子。 ·例句：原句：She bought a book in the shop yesterday. ·强调宾语a book:It was a book that she bought in the shop yesterday.(去掉It was和that后为She bought a book in the shop yesterday',句子完整) 知识点三：强调句 1.强调句基本结构（中考核心） 结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分 例句： 1.强调主语→It was Tom who helped me yesterday.(是汤姆昨天帮助了我。) 2.强调宾语→It is English that I like best..(我最喜欢的是英语。) 3 高中译林版 【语法复习】 特殊句式系统复习 3.强调时间状语→It was last week that we met in the park.(我们是上周在公园见面的。) 4.强调地点状语→It is in the classroom that we have classes.(我们是在教室里上课的。) 2.强调句特殊考点（中考易错) 例句： l.疑问句形式→Was it yesterday that you saw her?(你是昨天看见她的吗？) 2.not.until结构强调→It was not until midnight that he came back.(直到午夜他才▣来。) 3.强调句与定语从句区分→It is the house that I bought last year.(强调句：这就是我去年买的房 子。) (对比定语从句：This is the house that I bought last year.) 3.强调句时态一致（中考必背) 规则： 1.主句用is→从句用现在时/将来时→It is he who often helps others.(他就是那个经常帮助别人 的人。) 2.主句用was→从句用过去时→It was she who won the competition last year.(她就是去年赢得 比赛的人。) 考法精析 考法一：倒装句辨析 核心：根据句首关键词或结构特征，判断是否需要使用完全倒装或部分倒装，并选择正确的语序 形式 真题1（语法填空）： Only by working hard(we succeed)in the future. 答案：can we succeed 解析：由句首Only+介词短语”可知，需用部分倒装；根据'in the future'可知用情态动词can,将 can置于主语we前，谓语动词用原形succeed。 真题2（完形填空）： Here the bus.Let's hurry up. A.come B.comes C.coming D.to come 答案：B 解析：由句首Here”可知，需用完全倒装；主语the bus为第三人称单数，谓语动词用comes。 4 高中译林版 【语法复习】 特殊句式系统复习 考法二：定语从句与非谓语动词辨析 核心：根据句子成分和逻辑关系，区分定语从句（含关系词）与非谓语动词（现在分词过去分词） 作定语的用法 真题1（语法填空)： The girl(wear)ared dress is my deskmate. 答案：wearing 解析：句中已有谓语动词is,空处需作定语修饰the girl:”女孩穿裙子”为主动关系，用现在分词 wearing表主动进行。 真题2（单项选择)： This is the book I bought yesterday. A.which B.buying C.bought D.to buy 答案：A 解析：空后为完整句子结构(I bought yesterday),需用关系代词which引导定语从句，指代先行词 the book并在从句中作宾语；B、C项为非谓语动词，句中缺少连接词，语法不完整，故选A。 考法三：倒装句、强调句与虚拟语气的综合运用 核心：结合语境判断是否使用倒装或强调结构，并根据非真实条件选择正确的虚拟语气形式 真题1（单项选择)： It was not until she got home_she realized sheher keys in the office. A that had left B when had left C that has left D when has left 答案：A 解析：第一空考查强调句，强调时间状语”not until she got home',结构为'It was not until.that”: 第二空考查虚拟语气，”realized'表明'忘带钥匙”是过去的事实相反假设，从句用had+过去分词， leave的过去分词为left。 真题2（语法填空)： Only if we_(study)hard now_we_(pass)the exam next month 答案：study will pass 解析：第一空考查虚拟语气，”Oyf'引导真实条件句，用一般现在时表将来：第二空考查部分倒 装，”Only+状语从句”置于句首时主句需倒装，根据”next month”用一般将来时will pass,将will提 前构成倒装。 解题小妙招 倒装句辨析妙招 句首关键词要记牢，Only修饰状语句首到，部分倒装助动提前不可少：Here/There引导全倒装，主 语位置要调换，主谓一致莫忘掉。 高中译林版 【语法复习】 特殊句式系统复习 定语从句与非谓语动词辨析妙招 句子已有谓语动词，作定语用非谓语，主动关系用现分，被动关系用过分：空后有完整句子结构， 需用关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词作成分，非谓缺少连接词不可取。 特殊句式非谓语与虚拟语气综合运用妙招 否定副词Never开头，部分倒装助动提前；虚拟语气看时间，与过去事实相反，主句would have加 过去分词，从句had加过去分词：强调句中not until后，从句动作先发生，过去完成时态用：非谓 作状看关系，被动关系用过分，表目的用不定式。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.Only when we learn from mistakes_progress in life. A.we can make B.can we make C.we make D.make we 2.It was in the park I met my old friend yesterday. A.where B.which C.that D.when 3.The teacher suggested that we more attention to grammar. A.pay B.paid C.to pay D.paying 4.by the noise,the baby woke up from sleep A.Disturbing B.Disturbed C.Disturb D.To disturb 5.If Iyou,I would choose to study abroad. A.am B.was C.were D.be 6.This is the museum_we visited last summer. A.where B.which C.what D.when 7.the early flight,he booked a taxi in advance. A.Catch B.To catch C.Catching D.Caught 8.He didn't go to bed his mother came back last night A.until B.when C.since D.as 9.She is the only studentspeaks three foreign languages. A.whom B.which C.that D.whose 10.Never such a beautiful sunset in my life A.Ihave seen B.have I seen C.did I see D.I saw 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The girl_(read)a novel over there is my sister. 6 高中译林版 【语法复习】 特殊句式系统复习 2.It was not until last week that they(finish)the project. 3.-(learn)English well,he practices every day. 4.If it (rain)tomorrow,the sports meeting will be canceled. 5.The book(write)by Lu Xun is still popular today. 6.Only then(I realize)the importance of teamwork. 7.She suggested that we(start)early the next morning. 8.(see)from the top of the mountain,the city looks amazing 9.This is the first time I(visit)the Great Wall. 10.He has a habit of(listen)to music before sleeping 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） 文章 Learning a foreign language is a challenging but rewarding journey.Many students find it difficult to remember new words,(especial)when they are faced with long lists.-(solve)this problem,experts suggest using words in context rather than memorizing them alone.For example,reading stories or watching movies can help learners understand how words_(use)naturally. It was during a trip to London I realized the value of practical communication.I_(struggle)to order food in a restaurant when a kind stranger offered help.This experience taught me that language is not just about grammar rules,but about connecting with people. IfI(study)spoken English more before the trip,I(feel)more confident.Now,I always remind myself: "Practice_(make)perfect." (encourage)by this lesson,I joined an English club at school.Here,we often discuss topics like environmental protection or cultural differences.Last week,we even organized a debate,helped me improve my speaking skills greatly. As the saying goes,"(learn)without thought is labor lost."Only by combining practice with reflection can we truly master a language. 参考答案 演练-：1B2.C3.A4.B5.C6B7.B8.A9.C10B 1.reading 2.finished 3.To learn 4.rains 5.written 6.did I realize 7.(should)start 8.Seen 9.have visited 10.listening 1.especially 2.To solve 3.are used 4.that 5.was struggling 6.had studied 7.would have felt 8.makes 9.Encouraged 10.Learning 7