U1 省略句-2025-2026学年高中英语必修三语法知识点全解（译林版）

高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】省略句 语法专项突破 考频分析 译林版必修3-U1中，省略句是重要语法点，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在核心题型： 单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句，提升阅 读速度)。在语境分析类题目中，省略句的逻辑关系及成分还原往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·基本省略类型：简单句中的主语省略、谓语省略、宾语省略：复合句中主句成分省略、从句连接词 省略 ·特定句式省略：祈使句、感叹句、疑问句中的主语和助动词省略：比较状语从句中的相同成分省略 。语境化省略应用：对话场景中的上下文呼应省略：并列句中重复谓语或主语的承前省略 知识点一：省略句的定义及常见类型 1.定义（为避免重复/简洁，省略句子成分） 。核心特点：省略部分可根据上下文或语法结构补全，不影响理解 。例句： l.-Would you like some coffee?一Yes,please.(省略主语I和谓语would like) 2.He runs faster than I(un).(省略谓语run) 2.常见省略类型及用法 1.对话中的省略（回答省略重复主语/谓语） ·例句： l.-Where did you go yesterday?一I went)To the park.（省略主语和谓语) 2.一Do you know him?(①)Think)do.（省略主语I) 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.状语从句中的省略（主从句主语一致时，省略从句主语和be动词） ·例句： 1.While(IwaS)walking in the street,I met an old friend.（省略主语I和was) 2.If(it is)necessary,.we will help you.(省略主语it和is) 3.比较状语从句中的省略（省略与主句重复的谓语部分） 。例句： 1.She sings better than her sister(sing).(省略谓语sings) 2.This book is more interesting than that(book is).(省略名词book和is) 4.不定式符号o后的省略（保留to省略动词原形） 。例句： l.He wanted to go shopping,but I asked him not to(go shopping).(省略动词短语go shopping) 2.You can do it if you want to(doit).(省略动词短语doit) 知识点二：省略句的常见类型及用法 1.省略主语（对话或上下文明确时) ·适用场景：日常对话、并列句中后一分句与前一分句主语一致时 。例句： 1.一(You)Want some coffee?（省略主语You,日常询问) 2.She likes reading,and(she)often goes to the library.(并列句中省略重复主语she) 2.省略谓语动词（与前句谓语动词重复时） 。适用场景：简单句中谓语动词与前句相同，或be”动词的省略 ·例句： 1.e is taller than I(am).(比较句中省略be动词am) 2.-Do you like swimming?-Yes,Ido.(答句中用do代替like swimming) 3.省略宾语（宾语与前句重复时） ·适用场景：及物动词后宾语与前文提到的名词一致 。例句： 1.I bought a book yesterday,but I haven't read(the book)yet.(省略重复宾语the book) 2.She wants a pen,andI'll give her(apen).(省略重复宾语apen) 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 4.省略状语（时间、地点状语重复时） 。适用场景：时间或地点状语在上下文已明确 。例句： I.(When)Seeing the teacher,the students stopped talking.(省略时间状语When) 2.He lives in Beijing,and his parents(Iive)there too.(省略地点状语in Beijing和动词live) 5.固定句型中的省略（祈使句、感叹句等） 1.祈使句省略主语You 。例句： l.(You)Open the door,please.(祈使句省略主语You) 2.(You)Don't be late!(否定祈使句省略主语You) 2.感叹句省略主语和谓语 。例句： l.What a beautiful day(itis)!(省略主语it和谓语is) 2.How clever(heis!(省略主语he和谓语is) 6.复合句中的省略（状语从句、宾语从句） 1.状语从句中省略主语和be动词（主从句主语一致时） ·例句： 1.When (I am)walking in the park,I met an old friend..(时间状语从句省略Iam) 2.If(itiS)necessary,.we will help you.(条件状语从句省略itis) 2.宾语从句中省略连接词that(口语中常用) 。例句： 1.I think(that)he is right.(宾语从句省略that) 2.She said(that)she would come.（宾语从句省略that) 知识点三：省略句 1.简单句中的省略（中考基础） 。基础省略结构（中考必背）： 1.省略主语（祈使句中）→例句：Open the door,,please.(省略主语you) 2.省略谓语（前后一致时）一例句：He likes swimming,.and she too.（省略likes swimming) 3 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 3.省略宾语（上下文明确时）→例句：I want some apples.Do you want?(省略宾语some apples) 4.省略表语（答语中常见）→例句：一Are you a student'?一Yes,Iam.(省略表语a student) 5.省略状语（时间/地点明确时）→例句：He will come back tomorrow.If not,.call me.(省略he comes back tomorrow) 2.复合句中的省略（中考重点） 。状语从句省略（中考常考）： l.when/while引导的时间状语从句（主从句主语一致且含be动词）→例句：When (he was)walking in the park,he met an old friend. 2.if引导的条件状语从句（主从句主语一致且含be动词）→例句：If(itis)necessary,I will help you. 3.though/although引导的让步状语从句（主从句主语一致且含be动词）→例句：Though(she was) tired,she kept working. 4.as if/as though引导的方式状语从句（主从句主语一致且含be动词）→例句：He talks as if (he were)a expert. 3.对话中的省略（中考核心） 。常见省略形式（中考高频）： 1.省略be动词（简短答语）→例句：一Are you ready??一Almost.(省略Iam) 2.省略助动词（疑问句回答）→例句：一Do you like coffee?一Yes,Ido.(省略like coffee) 3.省略主语和谓语（上下文明确时）→例句：What did you do yesterday?一Watched a movie. (省略I) 4.省略连接词（宾语从句中）→例句：He said(hat)he would come.(省略连接词that) 5.省略不定式符号后的动词（避免重复）→例句：I want to go shopping,.but he doesn't want to.(省 略go shopping） 考法精析 考法一：状语从句中的省略 核心：根据主从句主语是否一致及语法结构，判断状语从句中是否可省略主语和be动词 真题1（语法填空）： While-(walk)along the street,she met an old classmate. 答案：walking 解析：状语从句中主从句主语均为he,一致时可省略从句主语she和be动词was,保留现在分词 4 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 walking。 真题2（完形填空)： If necessary,we will hold a meeting to discuss the problem A.is B.it is C.was D.it was 答案：B 解析：f引导的条件状语从句中，当主语为it且谓语为be动词时，可省略itis,但此句为完整表达 需补全，根据主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，故选ts。 考法二：省略句补全与语法纠错 核心：结合语境补全省略成分，辨析省略句在不同句式中的语法规则及易错点 真题1（语法填空)： While(walk)along the street,she found a wallet lying on the ground. 答案：walking 解析：状语从句中主从句主语一致(she),省略从句主语she和be动词was,保留现在分词walking, 符合“while+-现在分词”的省略规则。 真题2（短文改错)： He was made work overtime by his boss yesterday. 答案：在made后加to 解析：使役动词make在被动语态中需还原不定式符号to,正确句子为“He wasmade to work overtime by his boss yesterday." 考法三：省略句的综合补全与语境应用 核心：结合上下文及语法规则补全省略成分，区分书面语与口语中的省略差异，判断省略句使用正误 真题1（单项选择)： -Would you like to go shopping with me? -I'd love to,but I'm busy.Maybe we can go-tomorrow. A.go B.to go C.to D.going 答案：C 解析：不定式符号to后的省略规则，上文己出现”go shopping',下文用to”代替”to go shopping'”, 符合”保留t0省略动词原形”的用法。 真题2（语法填空）： She likes reading novels,and_often borrows books from the library.(补全省略部分) 答案：she 解析：并列句中后一分句与前一分句主语一致（均为Sh),省略重复主语she,补全后保持句子结 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 构完整，符合”并列句中省略重复主语”的规则。 解题小妙招 状语从句省略妙招 主从主语若一致，省主省be留分词： 主语若是it和be,可省itis要牢记： 完整表达需补全，时态一致要注意： 现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 省略句补全与纠错妙招 并列句中看结构，前后时态要统一： 使役动词变被动，to字千万要还原： 书面口语有差异，书面补全更严谨： 语法纠错看成分，缺啥补啥不含糊。 综合运用省略妙招 省略类型先判断，状从并列最常见： 主谓一致看时态，前后动词要呼应： 主动被动分清楚，现在过去分词辨： 口语省略简为主，书面补全需完整。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.Whilethe news,she couldn't help crying A.read B.reading C.to read D.be reading 2.He is taller thanin his class A.me B.I C.my D.mine 3.The teacher made himthe composition again. A.rewrite B.to rewrite C.rewriting D.rewritten 4.I known the truth,I would have told you earlier. A.If B.Had C.Were D.Should 5.She can speak English fluently andwrite it well. A.can B.she can C.can she D.she 6.in trouble,please call me at once A.You are B.If you are C.Are you D.Being 6 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 7.I heard her the song in the next room. A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sung 8.He worked hard,but failed the exam. A.he B.his C.him D.himself 9.-it rain tomorrow,we will cancel the picnic. A.Should B.Would C.Will D.May 10.She was seen_the classroom just now. A.leave B.to leave C.leaving D.left 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My mother likes cooking and(she likes)gardening. 2.He not only finished his homework but also(he helped)his sister. 3.If(it is)possible,I will visit you next week. 4.She studies harder than her brother_(studies). 5.The workers were made_(to work)overtime last night. 6.He ran fast,but(he)still missed the bus. 7.(Were)I you,I would accept the offer. 8.We saw him(cross)the street safely. 9.Tom can play the piano and(he can)dance well. 10.While(I was)waiting for the train,I read a novel. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday,I went to the park with my friends.While_(walk)along the lake,we saw a girl fall into the water.Without hesitation,my friend Li Ming jumped into the lake and helped her out.We noticed she (shake)with cold,so we gave her our jackets. Later,the girl's mother arrived.She thanked us repeatedly and said,"If-(you are)not here,I don't know what would have happened."We felt happy to help,though we were wet and cold. In the afternoon,we went to a cafe.I ordered a coffee and my friends_(ordered)milk tea.While(chat), we talked about the experience.Li Ming said,"I just did what anyone(would do)."His words made me think:kindness is like a light,(shine)even in small moments. On the way home,I thought about the day.I realized that helping others not only brings joy to others but 7 高中译林版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 also_(brings)happiness to ourselves.If we all(be)more caring,the world_(become)a better place 答案区 演练-：1B2.B3.A4.B5.B6B7.A8.A9.A10B 演练二：1.she likes2 he helped3.itis4.studies5.to work6.he7.Were8.cross9.he can10.Iwas 1.walking 2.shaking 3.you are 4.ordered 5.chatting 6.would do 7.shining 8.brings 9.were 10.would become P