现在完成进行时-2025-2026学年高中英语选修三语法知识点全解（外研版）

高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 语法专版 【专题】现在完成进行时 时态专项突破 考频分析 选修3外研版中，现在完成进行时是重要语法点，考频占时态模块的15%左右，主要分布在核心 题型：单项选择2题、完形填空1-2题、语法填空1题、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句）。在语境理 解类题目中，现在完成进行时表示动作持续或未完成的含义辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。构成形式：have/has been+现在分词的肯定式、否定式(haven't/hasn't been+现在分词)及疑问式 (Have/Has+主语+been+现在分词) 。核心用法：表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，可能仍在进行或刚刚结束，强调动作的持 续性与未完成性 。语境辨析：与现在完成时（强调结果/影响）、一般过去时（强调过去时间点）的区别，常见时间标 志词(since+过去时间点、for+时间段、all day/this week等)的搭配应用 知识点一：现在完成进行时的构成及用法 1.基本构成（主动语态) 1.肯定式：主语+have/has+been+动词-ing形式 。第一/二人称及复数主语：I/You/They have been studying: 。第三人称单数主语：He/She/It has been studying. 2.否定式：主语+have/has+not+been+动词-ing形式 。缩写形式：haven't/hasn't been studying 3.疑问式：Have/Has+主语+been+动词-ing形式 ·例句：Have you been waiting long?/Has she been working here? 2.核心用法 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 1.表示从过去某时开始持续到现在的动作（可能仍在继续) ·例句：She has been practicing the piano since3o'clock..(从3点练到现在，可能还在练) 2.强调动作的持续性或重复性 ·例句：We have been discussing this problem for two hours.(强调持续讨论的过程) 3.说明当前某种结果的原因 ·例句：His eyes are red because he has been crying.(哭的动作导致现在眼睛红) 3.时间状语标志 l.常见标志词：since+过去时间点、for+时间段、all day/night//week、recently 。例句：They have been building the bridge for three years.(for+时间段) ·例句：I have been learning English since I was six.(since+过去时间点) 知识点二：现在完成进行时的用法与被动语态 1.现在完成进行时(（从过去持续到现在仍在进行的动作) 1.时间标志词 。since+时间点（如since2020)、for+时间段（如for3 hours)、all day(一整天）、recently(最近) 2.主动语态 。结构：主语+have/has been+动词现在分词(doing)(主语单数/三单用has,复数/第一人称用 have) 。例句： l.I have been studying English for5 years.(第一人称，用have been+-studying) 2.She has been playing the piano since she was6 years old.(三单主语，用has been+playing) 3.被动语态 ·结构：主语+have/has been being+动词过去分词(have/has been being体现“现在完成进行时”， 过去分词体现“被动”) 。例句： l.This project has been being worked on by the team for months.(主语单数，用has been be- ing+worked的过去分词worked) 2.The problem has been being discussed by the teacher and students recently.(主语单数，用has been being+discussed的过去分词discussed) 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 知识点三：现在完成进行时 1.基本结构（核心考点） 1.肯定式：主语+have/has+been+现在分词 。例句：She has been studying English for two hours.. 2.否定式：主语+have/has+not+been+现在分词 。例句：They haven't been watching TV since8o'clock. 3.疑问式：Have/Has+主语+been+现在分词？ ●例句：Has he been working here for five years? 2.时间标志词（中考必记） l.for+时间段→例句：We have been living here for ten years.. 2.since+时间点/从句→例句：He has been collecting stamps since he was a child. 3.all day/night/week→例句：It has been raining all day. 4.recently/lately→例句：They have been arguing about the problem recently. 3.核心用法（中考常考) 1.表示动作从过去持续到现在，仍在进行 ●例句：My mother has been cooking in the kitchen for an hour. 2.表示动作反复发生，强调过程 。例句：The kids have been playing basketball on the playground all afternoon 3.与现在完成时对比（易混点） ·现在完成时（已完成）：I have read this book.(强调结果) 。现在完成进行时（未完成）：I have been reading this book.(强调过程) 考法精析 考法一：现在完成进行时与现在完成时的辨析 核心：根据语境强调“持续过程”还是“结果影响”，选择正确时态 真题1（语法填空)： 3 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 She(write)the novel since last year,and it's almost finished now. 答案：has been writing 解析：由时间标志词“since last year”及“almost finished”可知，动作从过去持续到现在且接 近完成，强调持续过程，用现在完成进行时；主语为三单，助动词用has,wite的现在分词为writing。 真题2（完形填空)： -How many articles_you_(publish)this month? -Three.I plan to write another one next week. A.have;published B.have;been publishing C.do;publish D.will;publish 答案：A 解析：由答句“Tree”可知，问句强调已完成的结果，用现在完成时：主语为you,助动词用have, publish的过去分词为published。 考法二：现在完成进行时与现在完成时的语境辨析 核心：根据上下文动作是否持续进行或强调结果，区分现在完成进行时与现在完成时的正确使用 真题1（语法填空)： She_(write)the novel for two years and it's almost finished. 答案：has been writing 解析：由时间标志词“for two years'”及“it's almost finished”可知，小说未完成且仍在进行，强调 持续过程，用现在完成进行时；主语为三单，助动词用has,wite的现在分词为writing。 真题2（完形填空)： -How many articles-you _(publish)this month? -Three.AndI_(work)on the fourth one since last week. A.have published;have worked B.have been publishing;have worked C.have published;have been working D.published,am working 答案：C 解析：第一空由“how many articles”强调完成数量，用现在完成时；第二空由“since last week”及 “the fourth one”暗示持续进行，用现在完成进行时。 考法三：现在完成进行时主动与被动语态的综合应用及语境推测 核心：结合时间状语判断现在完成进行时的主动/被动结构，能运用情态动词进行动作推测，并根 据语境分析动作的持续性或结果 真题1（单项选择)： The workers_on the new road for three months,and it_by the end of this year. 4 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 A.have been working;will be finished B.has been working;is finished C.worked;will finish D.are working;was finished 答案：A 解析：第一空由时间状语“for three months”可知动作从过去持续到现在，主语“workers”为复数， 用现在完成进行时主动语态“have been working”;第二空“it”指代“road”是动作“finish”的承 受者，且“by the end of this year”表示将来时间，用一般将来时被动语态“will be finished”。 真题2（语法填空）： -Why is the ground so wet? -It (rain)heavily all night.The rain(stop)just now. 答案：has been raining;stopped 解析：第一空由“all night”及语境“地面湿”可知动作持续到现在，用现在完成进行时主动语态 “has been raining”;第二空“just now”表示过去时间，用一般过去时“stopped”。 解题小妙招 时态语态妙招 现在完成看结果，完成进行持续中： since for常相伴，未完成时选进行： 强调数量和影响，现在完成来登场： 主动结构记主谓，被动必带be和done: 完成进行被动式，havehas been being done: 语境辨析是核心，标志清晰直接用。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.The students the math problem for 40 minutes,and they still haven't found the solution. A.discuss B.have discussed C.have been discussing D.discussed 2.-Why is the kitchen so messy? -My parentsdinner since 5 p.m.They'll finish soon. A.cook 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 B.have cooked C.are cooking D.have been cooking 3.She_in this company for 10 years,and she loves her job very much. A.works B.has worked C.has been working D.worked 4.The project_by the team for two months,and it will be completed next week A.builds B.has built C.has been building D.has been being built 5.-How many books_youthis semester? -Five.I the sixth one since last Monday. A.have read;have read B.have been reading;have read C.have read;have been reading D.read;am reading 6.It_heavily all day,so the roads are flooded now. A.rains B.has rained C.has been raining D.rained 7.He for us at the station for over an hour.Let's hurry! A.waits B.has waited C.has been waiting D.waited 8.The old man_in the park every morning recently. A.walks B.has walked C.has been walking 6 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 D.walked 9.-You look exhausted.What's wrong? -I on the report all night and I need to finish it today. A.work B.have worked C.have been working D.worked 10.The childrencomputer games since 3 p.m.Their mother is angry with them. A.play B.have played C.are playing D.have been playing 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My brother(learn)English since he was seven years old,and he can now speak fluently. 2.The workers(repair)the road for three days,and it is still not open to traffic. 3.She_(write)letters to her pen pal all afternoon,and she has finished five so far. 4.The little girl's eyes are red because she_(cry)for a long time. 5.We_(discuss)this plan since last week,but we haven't made a decision yet. 6.The phone_(ring)for ten minutes.Why doesn't someone answer it? 7.The company_(develop)a new product recently,and it will be released next month. 8.He(watch)TV all day,which makes his parents very angry. 9.The students(prepare)for the exam since early morning,and they look very tired. 10.This novel_(translate)into five languages since it was published last year. 7 高中选修3外研版 【语法专版】 现在完成进行时全解 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） I(live)in this city for five years,and I still love exploring its hidden corners.Every weekend,I(visit) different parks and museums.Last month,I(discover)a small bookstore near my neighborhood.The owner,Mr.Li,(run)the store for over 20 years.He told me he(collect)rare books since he was a teenager. Recently,I (help)Mr.Li organize his bookshelves.We_(sort)books for three afternoons,and we still have a lot to do.Many customers_(come)to the store since we started the project,and they often praise the new arrangement. Mr.Li said he(not take)a vacation for years because he loves his job."This store(be)my life,"he told me with a smile. 答案区 演练-：1.C2.D3.C4.D5.C6.C7.C8.C9.C10D 演练二：1has been learning2.have been repairing3.has been writing4 has been crying5 have been discussing 6.has been ringing 7.has been developing 8.has been watching 9.have been preparing 10.has been translated 1.have been living 2.visit 3.discovered 4.has been running 5.has been collecting 6.have been helping 7.have been sorting 8.have come 9.hasn't taken 10.has been P