with 宾语 宾补的复合结构-2025-2026学年高中英语必修三语法知识点全解（冀教版）

高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】with+宾语+宾补的复合结构 语法专项突破 考频分析 冀教版必修3中，wt+宾语+宾补的复合结构是重要语法点，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要 分布在核心题型：单项选择3-4题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空2-2题、书面表达辅助考察，用于 提升句子表达丰富性与逻辑性。在语境理解类题目中，宾补的形式选择（分词、形容词、副词等） 及与宾语的逻辑关系往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·宾补形式分类：形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(todo/doing/done)的辨析与搭配规则 ·句法功能应用：作状语（表伴随、原因、条件、方式等）的语境识别与逻辑关系判断 。句式转换与辨析：与独立主格结构、分词短语作状语的差异对比及转换技巧 知识点一：with+宾语+宾补的复合结构 1.基本构成(with+宾语+宾补) 。宾语：名词或代词（如：the door,her,them) ·宾补：形容词、副词、介词短语、分词等，补充说明宾语的状态或动作 。例句： I.He left the room with the door open.(形容词open作宾补，说明门的状态) 2.She stood there with her hands in her pockets.(介词短语in her pockets作宾补，说明手的位置) 2.常见宾补形式及用法 ●形容词（表状态）：with the window broken(窗户破了)→例句：They live in a house with the walls white. 。副词（表动作结果或状态）：with lights on(灯亮着)→例句：He worked all night with the light on. ·介词短语（表位置或伴随）：with a book in his hand(手里拿着一本书)一例句：The teacher came in with a smile on her face. 高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。现在分词（表主动/进行)：with the machine running(机器运转着)→例句：Ican't concentrate with the children playing loudly. ·过去分词（表被动/完成）：with his hair cut(头发被剪了)→例句：She went out with her homework finished. 3.句法功能（作状语，表伴随、原因、条件等） ●表伴随：He walked down the street with a dog following him.（带着一只狗跟着他) ·表原因：With the exam approaching,.I have to study harder..(因为考试临近) 。表条件：With enough time,.we could finish the task better..(如果有足够时间) 知识点二：with+宾语+宾补的复合结构 1.基本构成与功能 ·结构：wth+宾语+宾补（形容词副词/介词短语现在分词/过去分词不定式） ·功能：表示伴随状态、原因、方式或条件，在句中作状语（多为伴随状语) 2.常见宾补形式及用法 ·形容词作宾补（说明宾语的状态） 结构：with+宾语+形容词 例句： -He sleeps with the window open.(他开着窗户睡觉。open说明window的状态) -They left the room with the lights on.(他们开着灯离开了房间。on说明lights的状态) ·介词短语作宾补（说明宾语的位置或状态） 结构：with+宾语+介词短语 例句： -The teacher came in with a book in his hand.(老师手里拿着一本书进来了。in his hand说明book 的位置) -She sat there with her eyes on the floor.(她坐在那里，眼睛盯着地板。on the floor说明eyes的状 态) ·现在分词作宾补（宾语与宾补动作是主动关系，动作正在进行） 结构：with+宾语+现在分词(doing) 例句： -I worked all day with the machine running.（机器一直运转着，我工作了一整天。machine与un 是主动关系，且动作持续进行) -she fell asleep with the TV playing.(电视开着，她睡着了。TV与play是主动关系) ·过去分词作宾补（宾语与宾补动作是被动关系，动作已完成或状态已存在） 结构：with+宾语+过去分词(done) 例句： 2 高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 -The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.(小偷被带了进来，双手被绑在身后。 hands与tie是被动关系) -With the problem solved,.we all felt relaxed.(问题解决了，我们都感到轻松。problem与solve是 被动关系) ·不定式作宾补（宾语与宾补动作是主动关系，动作尚未发生，多表示目的） 结构：with+宾语+不定式(todo,to不可省略) 例句 -With a lot of homework to do,Ican't go out with you.(有很多作业要做，我不能和你出去。homework 与d0是主动关系，动作未发生) -He left home with his children to look after.(他离开了家，要照顾孩子们。children与look after 是主动关系，表目的) 3.句式转换与注意事项 。可转换为独立主格结构：去掉wth,保留“宾语+宾补”（多用于书面语) With the rain stopping,we started to climb the mountain.The rain stopping,we started to climb the mountain ·宾补逻辑主语必须是wth后的宾语，避免逻辑混乱 错误：With the teacher explaining the text,the students'attention was focused.（students'attention不 是explaining的逻辑主语) With the teacher explaining the text,the students focused their attention.(teacher explaining 的逻辑主语) 知识点三：with+宾语+宾补的复合结构 1.形容词作宾补 基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： (I)with+sb.+adj.(某人处于…状态)→例句：He slept with the door open (2)with+sth.+adj.（某物处于…状态)→例句：She left the room with the lights on. 2.副词作宾补 基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： (I)with+sth.+adv.(某物…地放置)→例句：The teacher came in with a book in hand. (2)with+sb.+av.(某人…地做)→例句：He stood there with his head down. 3.介词短语作宾补 基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： (I)with+sth.+介词短语（某物在…位置）→例句：The table is covered with a cloth on it.. (2)with+sb.+介词短语（某人处于…状态）→例句：She sat there with a smile on her face 4.非谓语动词作宾补 基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： (I)with+sth.+done(某物被…)→例句：I like to sleep with the windows closed. 3 高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 (2)with+sb.+doing(某人正在做)→例句：He walked in with his friends laughing (3)with+sth.+todo(有某事要做)→例句：I have a lot of work with me to finish. 特殊结构搭配（中考易错)： (I)with+宾语+宾补（表伴随状态）→例句：She came here with a book in her hand. (2)with+宾语+宾补（表原因）→例句：With the problem solved,we felt very happy. (3)with+宾语+宾补（表条件）→例句：With time going by,we will get better. 考法精析 考法一：现在分词与过去分词作宾补的辨析 核心：根据宾语与宾补的逻辑关系（主动/进行用现在分词，被动完成用过去分词），选择正确的 分词形式 真题1（语法填空）： With the children(play)in the garden,the house is full of laughter. 答案：playing 解析：宾语“children”与宾补动作“play”为主动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词playing。 真题2（完形填空）： He sat there quietly with his eyes-on the blackboard. A.fixing B.fixed C.to fix D.fix 答案：B 解析：宾语“eyes”与宾补动作“fix”为被动关系（眼睛被固定在黑板上），用过去分词fixed。 考法二：wth复合结构中宾补形式辨析 核心：根据宾语与宾补的逻辑关系（主动/被动、进行/完成/将来）及语境，选择正确的宾补形式 (现在分词、过去分词、不定式等) 真题1（语法填空）： With the project(complete)on time,we held a celebration party. 答案：completed 解析：宾语“project”与宾补“complete”为被动关系（项目被完成），且动作已完成，故用过去分 词completed。. 真题2（完形填空）： -the clock_,we realized it was too late to catch the last bus. A.With;ticking B.With;to tick C.As;ticking D.As;to tick 答案：A 4 高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 解析：第一空需用with构成复合结构(as引导从句需接完整句子)，第二空“clock”与“tick”为 主动进行关系，用现在分词ticking,故选A。 考法三：with+宾语+宾补复合结构的综合判断与应用 核心：根据语境判断宾语与宾补的逻辑关系（主动/被动/状态），选择正确的宾补形式（形容词/副 词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式) 真题1（单项选择）： I can't study well with my little brother loudly in the next room. A.play B.plays C.playing D.played 答案：C 解析：宾语“my little brother”与宾补动作“play”是主动关系，且动作正在进行，需用现在分词作 宾补，故选C。 真题2（语法填空)： With the problem_(solve),we finally finished our project on time. 答案：solved 解析：宾语“the problem”与宾补动作“solve”是被动关系，且动作已完成，需用过去分词作宾补， 故填solved。 解题小妙招 with复合结构妙招 with复合看关系，主动进行用现分： 被动完成用过分，将来未发不定式： 主谓主动是核心，动宾被动要牢记： 时间标志助判断，将来todo莫忘记： 主动现分变被动，过分形式来代替： as接从句需完整，with宾补更简洁。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.With the problemtomorrow,we need to prepare a solution in advance. A.solving B.solved C.to solve D.to be solved 2.the guidethe way,the tourists reached the mountain top safely. A.With;lead B.With;leading C.As;lead D.As;leading 高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 3.He stood there silently,with his hands behind his back. A.tying B.tied C.to tie D.tie 4.With so many tasks I have no time to attend the party tonight. A.finishing B.finished C.to finish D.to be finished 5.the sunbrightly,we decided to go for a picnic. A.With;shining B.With;shone C.As;shining D.As;shone 6.With the old man the story,the children listened carefully. A.tell B.telling C.told D.to tell 7.The room looks tidy with everythingin place. A.putting B.put C.to put D.to be put 8.With the exam,all students are busy reviewing their lessons A.approach B.approaching C.approached D.to approach 9.enough rain,the crops will grow better this year. A.With B.As C.For D.Without 10.With the bridge next year,the traffic pressure will be greatly reduced. A.build B.building C.built D.to be built 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She fell asleep with the light (burn). 2.With his homework_(complete),he went out to play basketball. 3.The teacher entered the classroom with a book(hold)in her hand. 4.With the problem_(solve),we can move on to the next step. 5.They walked along the street with the wind(blow)strongly 6.With so many emails_(answer),I have to stay in the office late 7.The old house stands alone with all windows(break) 8.With the guide(lead)the way,we found the museum easily. 9.He sat at the desk with his eyes(fix)on the computer screen. 10.With the meeting_(start)in five minutes,everyone rushed to the conference room. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) It was a quiet morning.Outside,the sun rose gently,1.-(paint)the sky in soft colors.In the park,an old man sat on a bench,with a newspaper 2.(spread)on his lap and a cup of tea 3.(steam)beside him.A group of children ran past,with their parents 4.(follow)closely behind. 6 高中必修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 Inside a nearby cafe,a student sat by the window,with a pile of books 5.(lie)in front of her.She frowned slightly,with the final exam 6.-(approach)and a research paper still 7.(write).Suddenly, she smiled-her friendhad sent a message,with a photo 8.(attach)showing their upcoming weekend plan. By noon,the park was busier.A street musician played the guitar,with a hat 9.(place)on the ground for donations.With more people 10.(stop)to listen,his music filled the air with warmth 答案区 演练-：1D2B3B4.C5.A6.B7B8B9.A10D 1.burning 2.completed 3.held 4.solved 5.blowing 6.to answer 7.broken 8.leading 9.fixed 10.to start :1.painting 2.spread 3.steaming 4.following 5.lying 6.approaching 7.to write 8.attached9.placed 10.stopping 7