小升初常考语法汇总（知识清单）-2025-2026学年通用版英语六年级下册

该小学英语小升初知识清单系统梳理小学阶段核心语法知识，涵盖时态、句型、名词、代词、数词、动词词组及不规则动词七大模块，每个模块按知识逻辑细分知识点，重点标注动词形式、时间标志词等关键内容，体现知识梳理的系统性和实用性。 亮点在于融合记忆技巧与易错提醒，如名词复数“英雄喜欢吃土豆西红柿芒果es”口诀，句型转换“有情有be直接加not，无情无be借助动词”规则，搭配时态真题练习。通过结构化呈现提升语言能力，借助口诀归纳培养思维品质，助力学生高效复习，为教师教学提供清晰参考框架。

小学英语常考语法汇总 一．时态 时态名称 动词形式 标志性时间 一般现在时 V或者Vs/es (1)always, usually, often, sometimes (2)every year(month /day/ week ) (3) once a week/twice a week (4) on Mondays/Tuesday... 一般过去时 V-ed (1) Yesterday/ the day before yesterday(2)ago (month ago/years ago) (3) last night(week/ month/year) (4) just now 一般将来时 be going to + V will+ V (1) tomorrow/the day after tomorrow (2) next year(week/month) (3) this afternoon/evening (4) tonight (5) soon/in the future 现在进行时 be(am/is/are)+V-ing (1)now (2)listen (3) look （4）be quiet (5) It’s ...o’clock 1. He usually __________(watch) TV at 8 o'clock in the evening. 2. He __________ (watch) TV tonight. 3. He____________ (watch) TV now. 4. He ____________ (watch) TV last night. 二．句型 be动词：am is are was were 情态动词：can could would should may must will need 助动词：do does did be动词后面常加V-ing, 情/助后面常加V。选be/助，有V选助，无V选be 1. 肯定句变否定句：有情有be 直接加（not/n’t），无情无be需要借（助动词） 小心地雷：some变any；and变or；too变either；will not=won’t Eg: She can speak English and French. ---She can’t speak English or French. They will go to Beijing. ---They won’t go to Beijing. I ran 1000 meters last night. ---I didn’t run 1000 meters last night. 2. 肯定句变一般疑问句：有情有be 往前拉，无情无be需要加(助动词) 小心地雷：some变any；I am变Are you; I was 变Were you; We are 变Are you We were变Were you; my/our变your； Eg: She can speak English. ---Can she speak English? I was 10 years old last year. ---Were you 10 years old last year? He ran 1000 meters last night. ---Did he run 1000 meters last night? Chen Jie does her homework at home. ---Does Chen Jie do her homework at home? 3. 肯定句变特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 Eg: She will study Chinese because she is in China. ---Why will she study Chinese? I go to school on foot. ---How do you go to school? They go to the cinema once a month. ---How often do they go to the cinema? She put up a tent on the mountain. ---Where did she put up a tent? 4. 感叹句：一断二加三换位(名词用What引导；形容词用How引导） 注意：1）时间地点放句末；2）原句中有very, so, too, quite等词要去掉。 Eg: The book is very interesting. ---How interesting the book is! It's a big park. ---What a big park it is ! 5. 祈使句：去情去主; 肯定V开头，否定Don’t加V开头 Eg: You must listen carefully in class. ---Listen carefully in class. We shouldn’t eat too much junk food. ---Don’t eat too much junk food. 6. There be句型常考考点 1） 时态：There is/There are There was/There were There will be/There is/are going to be 2）就近原则 There is a pen and two books on the desk. There are two books and a pen on the desk. 三．名词 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数之分，不可数名词没有单复数，前面不能加a/an。 可数名词单数变复数--------规则变化: (1) 一般直接加--s. (2) 以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加es. bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches (3) 以o结尾的名词,有生命的加es，无生命的加s. (英雄喜欢吃土豆，西红柿和芒果 es) hero-heroes, tomato-tomatoes 注意：kangaroo---kangaroos(袋鼠) (4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,先改y为i,再加es.(y---ies) 以元音字母(a, e, i, o ,u )加y结尾的名词,直接加s (5) 以fe/f结尾的名词,先把fe/f变为 v，再加es. (f/fe---ves) wife-wives, knife-knives, wolf-wolves, thief-thieves, shelf-shelves , leaf-leaves 可数名词单数变复数--------不规则变化: (1)鱼鹿羊单复同形: fish--fish sheep--sheep deer--deer (2)鹅足牙oo-ee: goose--geese foot--feet tooth-teeth (3)国籍的变化: 中日不变英法变，其余s加后面 Chinese--Chinese Japanese--Japanese（日本人） Englishman--Englishmen Frenchman--Frenchmen（法国人） German--Germans（德国人） American--Americans（美国人） Australian--Australians（澳大利亚人） (4) 其他: woman--women man--men child--children mouse--mice people(复数) (5) 复合名词: apple tree--apple trees （只在后面加s即可） woman teacher--women teachers(两个都要变复数) 常考不可数名词的词有：用钱买的食物有牛奶和面包不可数（money, food, milk, bread） a piece of news/bread 一条新闻/一片面包 two pieces of news/bread 两条新闻/两片面包 a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea 两杯茶 常考用来修饰可数/不可数名词的词有： few用来修饰可数名词（几乎没有，否定） a few 用来修饰可数名词（有一点，肯定） little用来修饰不可数名词（几乎没有，否定） a little 用来修饰不可数名词（有一点，肯定） （ ）1. I am new here. So I have _______ friends here. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little （ ）2. There is _______ money in my pocket, so I can’t buy anything now. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 四．代词 人称代词 主 格 I you he she it we they 宾 格 me you him her it us them 物主代词 形容词性 物主代词 my your his her its our their 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours theirs 人称代词指代“某人”，物主代词指代“某人的”。 人称代词：动词前用主格；动词和介词后面用宾格。 物主代词：有名则形，无名则名。 五．数词 记忆技巧 (1)基变序，有规律，末尾加上th. (2) 一二三，特殊记. (3)八加h,九去e, 末尾加上th. (4) ve 要用f替，然后再加-th. (5) 以y 结尾变ie, 后跟th 莫忘记(y----ieth). (6) 若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以. (7)序数词前常加the. （形代/名词所有格/the+序数词） 数词的用法： 1. hundred (百),thousand (千) 的用法： (1)数量词+hundred+名词的复数 例：five hundred students 五百个学生 (2)hundreds of +名词的复数 例：hundreds of students 数以百计的学生 2. 年龄的表达 (1) five-year-old 五岁的 (2) five years old 五岁 例句：The girl is five years old. = She is a five-year-old girl. 3. 倍数或次数的表示法，例如： 一次：once 两次：twice 三次:three times, four times… 4. 房间号、楼层、页数等的表示法： 101房间 Room 101 第二课 Lesson 2/ the second lesson 第50页 Page 50 五楼 Floor 5/ the fifth floor 常考词组 动词 do (原形)形式 1. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 2. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 3. had better do sth. 最好做某事 4. help sb. (to) do sth.=help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 5. Why not do sth.= why don’t you do sth.? 为什么不做某事 动词 ing 形式 1. enjoy/ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 2. What /How about doing sth.? …….怎么样 3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做…… 4. Thank you for doing sth. =Thank you for sth. 感谢你做…… 5. be interested in doing sth. 对做……感兴趣 6. be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth. 忙于做某事 7. look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 8. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 9. practice doing sth. 练习做某事 10. sb.spend +时间/金钱 （in） doing sth. 某人花费...做某事 动词接不定式 to do 1. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人去做某事 2. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事 3. want to do sth. 想去做某事 4. would like to do sth. 想去做某事 5. It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.= It’s time for sth. (对某人来说)该做……了 6. It’s + adj. + (for sb.)+ to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事说很…… 7. It takes/took sb.+时间/金钱 to do sth. 某人花费...做某事 take a walk=go for a walk散步 a lot of=lots of 大量，许多 look at 看 listen to music听音乐 fly to sp. =go to sp. by plane=take a plane to sp. 坐飞机去某地 go to sp. on foot =walk to sp. 步行去某地 take a bus 坐公汽 watch/see a film看电影 look for 寻找 like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 take a trip 去旅行 have a good time =have fun 玩得开心 think 认为 subject 科目 history历史 difficult 困难的，难的 finish 完成 on +具体某一天 in +大时间范围（一天以上） at +时间点 take pictures 拍照 dining-room 餐厅，饭厅 have a cold 感冒 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 bored 感到无聊的 go hiking 远足 begin doing sth. 开始做某事 a piece of 一片 two pieces of 两片 angrily 生气地 dirty 脏的 be from=come from 来自... needn’t 不需要 stay at home 待在家 be late for 迟到 sweep the floor 扫地 go up to 走上前去 look like=be like 看起来像，相像 receive 收到 brush one’s teeth 刷牙 washing room 洗手间 tank 水箱 be active in... 在某方面活跃 swallow 燕子 be good at=do well in 擅长于... get up 起床 put on 穿上 get on 上车 get off 下车 put up 举起，张贴 a lot of=lots of 大量，许多 an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁的男孩子 look at 看 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 look up 向上看，查阅 the answer to the question 问题的答案 have a picnic 野炊 turn on 打开 turn off 关上 turn down 调大 turn down 调小 would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 想要做某事 I’d like to.=I’d love to. 我很乐意。 one of +名词复数+动词三单 little 修饰不可数名词，几乎没有（否定） a little 修饰不可数名词，有一点（肯定） few 修饰可数名词，几乎没有（否定） a few 修饰可数名词，有几个（肯定） be interested in 对...感兴趣 is/are good at = do/does well in 擅长 be angry with 对某人生气 look after = take care of 照顾，照料 be good for 对......有好处 be bad for 对......有坏处 buy sb. sth= buy sth for sb. 为某人买某物 show sb. sth= show sth to sb.向某人展示某物 give sb. sth= give sth to sb. 把某物给某人 With the help of sb.在某人的帮助下 borrow sth from sb. 向某人借来某物 lend sth to sb.把某物借给某人 in front of (外部)前方 in the front of (内部)前方 some...others...一些...一些... the other 两者中的另一 不规则动词(过去式) 1 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 am / is--was are--were become--became--成为 begin--began--开始 bring--brought--带来 buy--bought can--could come--came cut--cut--切、砍、 does/do--did draw--drew drink--drank drive--drove eat--ate fall--fell--降落 feel--felt--感觉 find--found--找到 fly--flew get--got--到达、得到、变得 give--gave go--went have (has)--had hear--heard--听到 hurt--hurt--受伤 keep--kept--保持 know--knew--知道、认识 learn--learnt/learned--学习 leave--left--离开 let--let--让 lose--lost--丢失 make--made--制作 meet--met put--put read--read run--ran say--said--说（内容） see--saw sell--sold--卖 send--sent--发送、寄 shall--should--将要 sing--sang sit--sat--坐 sleep--slept speak--spoke--说（语言） spend--spent--花费 stand--stood--站立；忍受 steal--stole--偷 swim--swam take--took--带走 teach--taught--教 tell--told--告诉 think--thought--想、思考 understand--understood--明白 wake--woke--醒来 wear--wore--穿 will--would win--won--赢 write--wrote--写 ride--rode--骑 $