UNIT 10 SECTION 2 LESSON 1 HOW CLOSELY CONNECTED ARE WE？-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业word（北师大版）

[基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．His 　theory　 (理论) is based on facts and experiments. 2．The survey used a 　random　 (随机的) sample of two thousand people across England and Wales. 3．The 　phrase　 (词语) is often used when a man cannot get the support he seeks. 4．I want people to have a good 　impression　 (印象) of solar cars. 5．About 23,000,000,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide are 　released　 (释放) into the atmosphere every year. 6．The opened link is used to join the two ends of the 　chain　 (链子)． 7．The office 　network　 (网络) allows users to share files and software，and to use a central printer. 8．We were greatly 　disturbed　 (担忧) about your health. 9．The 　conflict　 (战争) between Greece and Troy lasted ten years. 10．The overall picture for farming is 　encouraging　(令人鼓舞的)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The person referred 　to　 at the conference just now was an expert in this field. 2．This provides information 　on　 which to base future marketing strategies. 3．Our teacher impressed the importance of knowledge 　on　 us. 4．It was because her mother was ill 　that　 she didn't go with us. 5．Once 　caught　 (catch) smoking in the dormitory，the students will be punished. 6．Every day the milkman delivers milk 　to　 our house. 7．The building which will be built next year will be used 　as　 the office building. 8．The traffic accident led to 　a　 chain of events. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．In order to achieve the final conclusion，testers have conducted 　a_chain_of_experiments.　 为了得出最终结论，试验员做了一系列的实验。(chain) 2．The performers 　left_a_deep_impression_on/upon_the_audience　 in the concert last night. 昨晚音乐会上的表演者们给观众留下了深刻的印象。(impression) 3．About 20 middle school students were picked out 　at_random　 to participate in a psychological test. 大约20名中学生被随机挑选出来参加一项心理测试。(random) 4．You should 　make_an_attempt_to　 resolve this problem，otherwise you would regret it. 你应该尝试解决一下这个问题，否则你会留有遗憾的。(attempt) 5．Technology has quickened the rate 　at_which_we_communicate　 with people around the world. 技术加快了我们与世界各地的人进行交流的速度。(介词＋关系代词) 6．　It_was_not_until_then_that　 most people realized how valuable the normal life was. 直到那时，大多数人才意识到正常的生活是多么宝贵。(强调句型) 7．　With_eyes_no_longer_fixed_on　 our phones，we can really enjoy each other's company. 眼睛不再盯着我们的手机，我们可以真正享受彼此的陪伴。(with复合结构；fix) [综合性] Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A A new study，published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology，found that communication that included voice，like a phone call or video chat，created stronger social bonds than communication through typing，like text messaging or email. In the study，researchers used various experiments to measure connectedness.In one，they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then asked people at random (随机地) to do one or the other.Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward，hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better. “People reported they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone than by email，and they did not feel more awkward，” study co­author Amit Kumar，an assistant professor of marketing at the McCombs School of Business，said in a statement. In another experiment，the researchers had strangers connect by either texting，talking over video chat，or talking using only audio.They found that both forms of voice communication—whether video or audio only made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated by texting. Sabrina Romanoff，a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City，says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience，as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can“exchange information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person”． Romanoff says that in reality，texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation.“A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the exact effects of the message.” she explains.“Each party is more present，and therefore，able to measure the meaning behind the content without reflecting on the endless possible meanings behind words.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究 发现，与文字相比，语音能建立更强的社交纽带。 1．How was the study carried out? A．By analysing data. B．By interviewing experts. C．By doing experiments. D．By doing online research. 解析：C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the study, researchers used various experiments to measure connectedness.”可知，研究人员是通过做实验展开研究，故选C。] 2．What did people expect before making a phone call in the experiment? A．Email would help them form a stronger bond. B．Hearing someone's voice would be awkward. C．A stronger bond would be formed on the phone. D．Hearing someone's voice made the experience better. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better.”可知，打电话之前，人们认为听到别人的声音会很尴尬，故选B。] 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Texting helps to exchange information exactly. B．Calling makes it easier to get the exact message. C．Romanoff doesn't agree with the result of the study. D．People can keep the message under control by texting. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，打电话能够让人获得更准确的信息，故选B。] 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Reasons for Calling Instead of Texting B．Convenience of Making a Phone Call C．Differences Between Calling and Texting D．Introduction to the Result of a New Study 解析：A　[主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍的是与文字相比，语音能建立更强的社交纽带，故选A。] B Researchers from The University of Western Australia recently studied 3,000 middle and high school students.Among them were 618 teenagers with one parent who lived away from home for long periods of time because of work.The researchers wanted to know how the work of these “fly­in, fly­out” parents might influence the health of their children. A higher percentage of teenagers who experienced the long work absence of a parent had emotional or behavioral problems compared with those whose parents worked more traditional hours.This supports earlier research finding high percentages of emotional problems in teenagers who frequently returned to an empty house after school or whose parents were seldom at dinner. Findings also suggest that parents don't have to be home all the time to be present in their children's lives, but it helps to be home at certain times.And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like a potted (盆栽的) plant. Many parents of teenagers have known this to be true and find ways to be present without trying to start a conversation.One friend of mine quietly does housework each evening in the sitting room where her teenagers watch TV.They enjoy one another's company without the need to talk.Another friend usually accepts his daughter's invitation to work or read nearby while she sits and does her homework.Perhaps that, at least for some families，is the best way for a teenager and his parents to stay close. In fact，many years of research suggest that children see their parents as a safe base from which to explore the world.Studies tell us that young children quietly follow their parents' movements from room to room, even while proceeding with their own activities.Perhaps the teens, like babies, feel most at ease when their parents are still around.They don't want to stay away from parents who allow them freedom. A new school year is at hand, so as parents we could offer our teenagers a “potted flower” as a gift, whose quiet and steady presence will give them a great day. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年在成长的过程中需要父母的陪伴，而长期缺少父母陪伴的青少年在许多方面都会受到影响。作者呼吁家长们尽量做盆栽植物型父母，让孩子们健康快乐地成长。 5．What did the study find about the 618 teens? A．They had more dinners with their parents. B．They were more prepared to help themselves. C．They showed more dislike for traditional working hours. D．They were more likely to have trouble with their feelings. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“A higher percentage of teenagers who experienced the long work absence of a parent had emotional or behavioral problems compared with those whose parents worked more traditional hours.”可知，该研究发现，这618名青少年更容易产生情感或行为问题。故选D。] 6．What is the author's attitude to her two friends' practices? A．Hesitant.　　　　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Many parents of teenagers have known this to be true and find ways to be present without trying to start a conversation.”以及最后一句“Perhaps that，at least for some families，is the best way for a teenager and his parents to stay close.”可推测，作者对两位朋友的做法持支持态度。故选C。] 7.Who are probably the target readers of this passage? A．Teenagers. B．Parents. C．Researchers. D．Educators. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段“A new school year is at hand, so as parents we could offer our teenagers a ‘potted flower’ as a gift, whose quiet and steady presence will give them a great day.”可推测，这篇文章的目标读者可能是父母。故选B。] 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Teens want potted plant parents B．Your kids still need conversation C．Quiet families raise healthier teenagers D．Parents know little about today's teenagers 解析：A　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了父母的陪伴对青少年的健康成长起着重要的作用，结合文中提到的“And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like a potted plant.”可知，作者呼吁家长们尽量做盆栽植物型父母，让孩子们健康快乐地成长。A项“Teens want potted plant parents(青少年想要盆栽植物型父母)”符合文意，故选A。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 What Is Good Citizenship? Good citizenship is generally defined as how a citizen performs a role to become a useful member of society.This involves duties and responsibilities that may be expressed through laws and regulations.　__1__　 Citizenship，in its general sense, is being part of a community.　__2__　The factors toward improving lives and the relationship of a community include doing volunteer work，initiating community programs，and participating in economic affairs. A good citizen is an important part of a progressive state.As covered by the social contract theory, a government is established to manage interaction among citizens，define an individual's rights, enforce these rights，and make sure just compensation(补偿)is obtained when these rights are not obeyed.　__3__　The purpose of this social contract is to avoid chaos in a community, which is possible without good leadership.From this leadership arises good citizenship，allowing every citizen to expect others to respect his or her legal rights. 　__4__　 The most basic characteristic is the moral duty to recognize the rights of others.Another important characteristic is the ability to listen to the views of others.These views may bring about solutions to problems of the community.A good citizen is also willing to adapt to new situations. 　__5__　 Based on these factors, good citizenship is said to be related to both the intellectual and social skills of a citizen. A．There are many characteristics of good citizenship. B．Being a good citizen is important in improving the community. C．Apart from these characteristics, a good citizen knows and obeys the laws of the land. D．In turn, the citizens hand over the powers that may limit some freedom to the government. E．This may also involve your behaviors expressed through the recognition of right and wrong. F．As citizens, we care about others and being good members of our communities and our country. G．Good citizenship lies in the recognition that members of a community work together to improve their lives and their relationship with one another. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。作者从社区层面和国家层面解释了什么是好的公民身份，并列举了一些好的公民身份的特征。 1．E　[细节句。根据上文“This involves duties and responsibilities that may be expressed through laws and regulations.”可知，本句主要讲公民身份的含义。而E项“This may also involve your behaviors expressed through the recognition of right and wrong.”中的“This may also involve”与上文中的“This involves”相呼应。故选E。] 2．G　[细节句。根据下文“The factors toward improving lives and the relationship of a community include...”可知，这里主要讲怎样改善社区生活和关系。G项中的“to improve their lives and their relationship with one another”与下文中的“toward improving lives and the relationship of a community”相呼应。故选G。] 3．D　[细节句。上文“a government is established to manage interaction among citizens，...make sure just compensation is obtained when these rights are not obeyed.”讲到了政府的权力，由此推测空格处要说明公民与政府的关系。D项“In turn, the citizens hand over the powers that may limit some freedom to the government.”中的“powers”呼应上文中的“these rights”，符合语境。故选D。] 4．A　[主旨句。根据下文“The most basic characteristic is the moral duty to recognize the rights of others.”可知，这里主要在讲好的公民身份的基本特征，所以A选项“There are many characteristics of good citizenship.”符合语境，“characteristics”是原词复现。故选A。] 5．C　[过渡句。根据上文“The most basic characteristic”和“Another important characteristic”可知，前面都在讲好的公民身份的特征；根据下文“Based on these factors，good citizenship”可知，空格处还提到了其他因素。C项“Apart from these characteristics, a good citizen knows and obeys the laws of the land.”中的“Apart from these characteristics”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。] Ⅲ.语法填空 In hundreds of cities around the world, people can use a car 1.　_____________　 actually owning one. It's known as car sharing. Car sharing works like this: people pay a fee 2.　_____________　 (join) a car share organization. These organizations have cars available in different parts of a city 24 hours a day. Members make a 3.　_____________　 (reserve) for a car, and then go to one of several parking lots in a city to pick up the car. They pay an hourly or daily rate for driving it. When they are 4.　_____________　 (finish), they return the car to a parking area for someone else to use. Car sharing works well for several reasons. Some people only need to drive from time to time. Usually, people only need a car for special reasons like moving things or 5.　_____________　 (take) long trips. Many people don't want the costs or responsibilities of owning 6.　_____________　 car. The car­share organization pays for gas insurance, cleaning and repair costs. Members also don't have to wait in line or fill out 7.　_____________　 (form) to get a car. They know a variety of cars will be available when they need one. Car sharing also 8.　_____________　 (benefit) the environment. People drive only 9.　_____________　 they need to and fewer cars on the road means 10.　____________　 (little) traffic and air pollution. As more and more cities become interested in reducing traffic, car sharing programs are becoming an effective choice. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了汽车共享的工作原理、使用效果好的原因以及有利于环境方面的保护。 1．without　[考查介词。句意：在世界上数百个城市，人们可以使用汽车而不用实际拥有车。根据下一句“It's known as car sharing.(这就是汽车共享) ”可知，该句意为“没有(without)”汽车，也可以使用汽车，再结合该空后的owning是动名词形式，该空应该填介词without。故填without。] 2．to join　[考查非谓语动词。句意：汽车共享是这样工作的：人们支付一定的费用加入汽车共享组织。该句谓语动词是pay，动词不定式to join作目的状语，故填to join。] 3．reservation　[考查固定短语。句意：会员们先预定汽车，然后到城里的几个停车场之一去取车。固定短语make a reservation 意为“预订”，该空缺少名词reservation。故填reservation。] 4．finished　[考查被动语态。句意：当它们被使用完以后，他们就把车放回停车场给别人使用。根据句意，该空前的主语they指的是共享汽车，共享汽车“被使用完”，谓语动词应该用被动语态are finished，该空缺少finished，故填finished。] 5．taking　[考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，人们只有在特殊情况下才需要车，比如搬东西或长途旅行。结合句意，该空前的介词like和连词or可知，连词or连接两个并列动名词短语，作介词like的宾语，take应该使用动名词形式taking。故填taking。] 6．a　[考查冠词。句意：许多人不想承担拥有一辆汽车的成本或责任。泛指“拥有一辆汽车”，且car是以辅音音素开头的词，不定冠词应该用a。故填a。] 7．forms　[考查名词复数。句意：会员也不必排队或填写表格就能得到一辆车。名词form的复数forms表泛指填写的表格，故填forms。] 8．benefits　[考查动词。句意：汽车共享也有益于环境。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。该句主语是Car sharing，该空应该填谓语动词，主语Car sharing是第三人称单数，谓语动词应该用单数形式benefits。故填benefits。] 9．when　[考查时间状语从句。句意：人们只在需要的时候开车，路上的汽车减少意味着交通和空气污染的减少。连词when引导时间状语从句they need to，表示在需要的时候，故填when。] 10．less　[考查形容词比较级。句意：人们只在需要的时候开车，路上的汽车减少意味着交通和空气污染的减少。根据该空前比较级结构fewer cars可知，路上的汽车减少意味着更少的交通和空气污染，该空应该填little的比较级less。故填less。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $