have get something done 结构-2025-2026学年高中英语选修二语法知识点全解（北师大版）

高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 语法专版 【专题】have/get something done结构 北师大版选修2-U5语法精解 考频分析 北师大版选修2-U5中，have/get something done结构是重要语法点，考频占句法总量的15%左右， 主要分布在核心题型中：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达 (常用结构，影响表达的地道性与准确性)。在语境应用类题目中，该结构的被动含义及动作执行者 的隐含逻辑往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。结构构成与语义辨析：have/get后接过去分词的基本形式，”让某事被做”（主语不亲自做)与”遭 遇某事”（主语被动承受）的含义区分 ·语境搭配与用法差异：have侧重主动安排，get侧重口语化表达，两者在肯定句、否定句及疑问句 中的句式变化 。语法功能与句式转换：在句子中作谓语时与不同时态（一般现在时、一般过去时等)的结合，以及 与主动语态(sb do sth)的转换应用 知识点一：have/get something done结构 1.基本含义（表被动动作） 1.表示”让/请别人做某事”或”某事被完成”，主语不亲自执行动作 2.例句： l.She had her hair cut yesterday..（她昨天让人剪了头发。) 2.We must get the work finished by Friday.(我们必须在周五前让人完成这项工作。) 2.结构构成及用法 1.have sth.done:强调动作由他人完成，主语可能参与安排 。例句：He has his car repaired every month.(他每个月让人修汽车。) 1 高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 2.get sth.done:更口语化，强调动作的结果或过程的艰难 ·例句：I finally got my homework done at midnight.(我终于在午夜完成了作业。) 3.常见语境及考点 1.被动含义辨析：区别于主动语态(do sth.)和直接被动(sth.be done) ·例句对比： l.She washed her clothes.(主动，亲自做) 2.She had her clothes washed.(让别人做) 2.时态变化：have/has/had got/gotten sth.done或get/gets/got sth.done ·例句：They will get the house painted next week.(他们下周将让人粉刷房子。) 知识点二：have/get something done结构的用法与区别 1.基本含义（让他人做某事/遭遇某事） 1.核心语义：表示主语委托、安排他人完成某事，或主语意外遭遇某事（通常为不愉快的事），主语 并非动作的执行者，而是动作的承受者或受益者 2.结构对比： 。have sth.done:强调'请/让别人做某事'，语气较正式，执行者可由by引出，也可省略（默认他 人完成) ·get sth.done:强调’使某事被完成”，口语中更常用，执行者较少明确提及，侧重动作的结果 2.主动与被动转化（与被动语态的关联） l.主动意义（委托他人）：主语+have/get+宾语(sth.)+动词过去分词(done) ·例句 l.She had her hair cut yesterday..(她昨天让人剪了头发。cut为过去分词，执行者是理发师，可 省略) 2.My father will get the car repaired tomorrow.(我爸爸明天会让人修理汽车。repaired为过去分 词，执行者是修理工) 2.被动意义（遭遇某事）：主语+have/get+宾语(sth.)+动词过去分词(done)(主语被动承受动作) ·例句： l.He had his wallet stolen on the bus.(他的钱包在公交车上被偷了。stolen体现被动遭遇) 2.They got their house damaged in the storm.(他们的房子在暴风雨中受损了。damaged体现被 动结果) 高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 3.常见搭配与时间标志词 1.高频动词过去分词：cut(剪)、repaired(修理)、cleaned(打扫)、painted(粉刷)、washed(洗)、 stolen(偷)、damaged(损坏)、fixed(安装) 2.时间标志词：yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、tomorrow(明天)、next month(下个月)、this morning(今天早上)、when引导的时间状语从句（如When she arrived home) ·例句： 1.We had the classroom cleaned this morning.(我们今天早上让人打扫了教室。this morning表 时间) 2.She will get her computer fixed when she goes to the city..(她去城里时会让人修电脑。when从 句表时间) 4.与主动语态的区别（主语是否为执行者） 1.have/get sth.done(主语非执行者) ·例句：I had my bike repaired.(我让人修了自行车。一我没修，别人修的) 2.主动语态（主语是执行者） ·例句：I repaired my bike.(我修了自行车。→我自己修的) 3.对比总结 ·have/get sth.done:主语是”使动者”，动作由他人完成 ·主动语态：主语是”施动者”，动作由自己完成 知识点三：have/get something done结构 1.基本含义及构成（核心语法点） 1.表示”让/请别人做某事”，强调动作由他人完成，而非主语自己。结构为have/get+宾语+过去分 词” 2.例句： l.I need to have my hair cut this weekend.(我这周末需要理发。) 2.She got her bike repaired yesterday.(她昨天让人修了自行车。) 2.用法区别及语境（中考易混) 1.have sth.done侧重”安排他人完成某事'，口语中更常用 ·例句：My mother had the house cleaned before the guests arrived.(客人来之前，妈妈让人打扫了 房子。) 3 高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 2.get sth.done侧重”设法完成某事”，语气更主动，常用于非正式语境 ●例句：He finally got his homework finished on time.(他最终设法按时完成了作业。) 3.常见搭配及场景（中考必背） l.have/get sth.repaired(让人修理某物)→例句：They had their car repaired last week. 2.have/get sth.washed(让人清洗某物)→例句：She gets her clothes washed every Sunday.. 3.have/get sth.painted(让人粉刷某物)→例句：We will have the walls painted next month. 4.have/get sth.checked(让人检查某物)→例句：You should get your eyes checked regularly. 考法精析 考法一：结构含义辨析 核心：根据语境判断动作是否由主语亲自完成，区分主动语态与have/get sth.done结构的被动含义 真题1（语法填空)： She_(cut)her hair yesterday because it was too long. 答案：had cut 解析：由语境”头发太长，及”让人剪头发”的被动含义可知，应用have sth.done结构：时间标志 词'yesterday'提示用一般过去时，have的过去式为had,cut的过去分词为cut。 真题2（完形填空）： He his car repaired last week. A repair B repairs C repaired D had 答案：D 解析：由？让人修理汽车的被动含义及结构要求可知，需用have sth.done:时间标志词'last week? 提示用一般过去时，have的过去式为had。 考法二：结构歧义辨析 核心：结合上下文语境，区分have/get sth.done”表示”主动安排”与”被动承受意外”的不同含义 真题1（语法填空）： The old man_(have)his leg broken when he fell off the bike yesterday. 答案：had 解析：由'fell off the bike”可知动作是意外发生，主语被动承受，用一般过去时had sth.done”结构。 真题2（完形填空）： She always_her hair styled at that famous salon A.has B.gets C.had D.will get 答案：A 4 高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 解析：由”always'”和'famous salon''可知是主动计划性安排，用have sth.done”表示主语有意识的 选择，且为常态行为用一般现在时。 考法三：含义辨析及语境应用 核心：区分have sth.done与get sth.done的语义差异，根据语境判断动作是主动安排还是被动遭 遇，以及选择合适的结构表达 真题1（单项选择）： My mother usually_her hair at the salon every month. A.has;cut B.gets;cutting C.have;cut D.get;cutted 答案：A 解析：主语'my mother'”是动作的安排者，”让别人剪头发”用have/get sth.done结构，ev- ery month表明是经常性动作，主语为第三人称单数，排除C、D;cut的过去分词是cut,B选项 cutting形式错误，故选A,has her hair cut表示”让别人剪头发”，符合”主动安排他人做某事'的语境。 真题2（语法填空）： He_(get)his bike_(repair)yesterday because he couldn't fix it himself. 答案：got repaired 解析：由时间标志词'yesterday'可知用一般过去时，get的过去式是got;”自行车被修理'用get sth. done结构，repair的过去分词是repaired,get his bike repaired表示，使自行车被修理”，符合”主语 无法亲自做某事而让他人完成”的语境，侧重动作结果。 解题小妙招 have/get done解题妙招 主动被动先辨析，主语是否亲执行： 亲为动作选主动，他人代劳用done: 意外承受看语境，摔伤打破属被动： 计划安排找标志，always/often表常态： have强调主动控，get侧重结果成： 时态关键看时间，yesterday用过去，always用一般： 情态动词后跟原，should/must加原形： done形式要记牢，过去分词不能少。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.The manager_the contract_by the legal team before signing it. 5 高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 A have reviewed B has had reviewed C gets reviewing d had got review 2.You_your eyesevery six months to protect your vision. A must have examined B should get examining C need to have examine D can get examine 3.After three months of hard work,they finally-their project-by the committee. A had approved B got approving C have got approved D has had approved 4.The village its water supply-during the storm last night A had destroyed B got destroying Chas had destroyed D had got destroyed 5.She always_her wedding dress_by a famous designer A has made B gets making C had make D will get made 6.We_the broken window_before the rain comes tomorrow. A must have repaired B should get repairing Cneed to have repair D can get repair 7.The museum-its ancient statues-by experts since last year A has had restored B had got restoring C gets restored D will have restore 8.Hehis wallet_when he was shopping in the supermarket A had stolen B got stealing Chas had stolen D had got stolen 9.The company_the annual report-by a professional agency next month A will have printed B gets printing C had printed D has got print 10.You_the homeworkbefore going out with your friends. A should have finished B must get finishing C need to have finish D can get finish 演练二：填空试题 1.She_(have)her hair_(cut)yesterday. 2.We_(get)the work_(complete)by Friday. 3.They_(have)their car_(repair)every month 4.I finally_(get)my homework_(do)at midnight. 5.He(have)his wallet(steal)on the bus 6.The village_(get)its roads_(flood)after the heavy rain. 7.You_(must)_(have)your eyes_(examine)regularly. 8.We(should)_(get)the machine_(repair)immediately. 9.She(need)(get)her homework(finish)before dinner. 10.They_(want)_(have)their new house_(decorate)next month. 演练三：语法填空试题 6 高中选修2-U5北师大版 【语法专版】 语法专项突破 Last month,Tom decided to move to a new city.First,he 1_(have)his furniture(deliver)by a moving company.However,the company was late,so he had to 2(get)the job-(do)by another team.After arriving,he found the kitchen sink was broken.He immediately 3(call)a plumber and 4(have)it_ (fix)the next day. Last week,Tom went to the city hall to register his address.He 5(have)his documents(check)by an officer before submitting them.The officer told him he needed 6(get)a new ID card-(issue).Tom was worried because he had to start work soon.He 7(spend)three days visiting different offices and finally 8(get)the ID card_(print). Yesterday,Tom 9(have)his apartment-(clean)by a cleaning service.Now he feels ready to start his new life.He hopes he 10(will)-(have)more time-(enjoy)the city in the future. 答案区 演练一：1B2.A3.C4D5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A 1.had cut 2.will get completed 3.have repaired 4.got done 5.had stolen 6.got flooded 7.must have examined 8.should get repaired 9.needs to get finished 10.want to have decorated 1.had delivered 2.get done 3.called 4.had fixed 5.had checked 6.to get issued 7.spent 8.got printed 9.had cleaned 10.will have to enjoy 7