UNIT 9 SECTION Ⅳ LESSON 2-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义围绕词汇、短语及语法句型构建学习支架，系统梳理基础单词（如atom, organ）与拓展词汇（如nerve及其派生词nervous, nervousness），整合核心短语（consist of, be responsible for）及重点句型（more...than...比较级、which引导非限制性定语从句），形成从基础积累到语法应用的渐进式知识脉络。 资料以“四翼”考查（基础性、应用性、创新性）分层设计练习，如contain与include的辨析、which从句翻译题，提升语言能力与思维品质。语篇选材涵盖科学探索（人类寿命、科学家故事），渗透文化意识，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生通过单词拼写、完形填空等巩固知识，查漏补缺。

SECTION Ⅳ　LESSON 2 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ●基础单词 1．　atom　 n. 原子 2．　organ　 n. 器官 3．　impulse　 n. (神经)冲动， (电)脉冲 4．　crossword　 n. 纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏 5．　zone　 n. 地区，地带 6．　intake　 n. 摄入量，摄取量 7．　omega　 n. 奥米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω，ω) ●拓展单词 1．　nerve　 n. 神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张→nervous adj. 神经紧张的，神经质的，神经的→nervousness n. 焦躁，胆小→nervously adv.焦急地，神经质地，提心吊胆地 2．　contain　 vt. 包含，容纳，装盛→container n. 容器，集装箱 3．　locate　 vi.& vt. 找出……的准确位置→location n．地点，位置→located adj. 坐落的，位于的 1．　consist_of　 由……组成 2. 　_in_the_last_ten_years　 在过去的十年里 3．　be_responsible_for　 对……负责 4．　be_good_for　 对……有好处 5．　at_its_best　 最好 6．　make_up　 组成 7．　cut_down_on　 减少，降低 1．more ...than ...比较级句型。 There are more possible connections in your brain than there are atoms in the universe. 你大脑中存在的神经通路可能比宇宙中存在的原子数量还要多。 2．which引导非限制性定语从句。 It might also be a good idea to increase your intake of Omega­3 fats，which are an important brain food. 增加欧米伽­3脂肪的摄入量也许也是个好主意，欧米伽­3脂肪是一种重要的健脑食物。 1．contain vt. 包含，容纳，装盛；容忍；控制 (1)contain oneself 自制，克制自己 can't/couldn't contain oneself from doing sth.控制不住自己做某事 contain one's excitement 控制某人的激动 (2)container n. 容器 ◆[经典佳句] She was unable to contain her excitement when hearing the news. 听到这个消息，她无法抑制自己的兴奋。 How much water do you think this bottle contains? 你认为这个瓶子能盛多少水？ ◆[名师点津]　contain指包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分；include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 选词填空： contain, include ①The package 　contains　 a number of letters in great disorder. ②I'm on a diet. I have to avoid food 　containing　 fat and sugar. ③The group consists of nine members, three girls 　included　. ④We went to the party, 　including　 my father. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤The Englishman could not 　contain_his_excitement　. 那个英国人抑制不住他的激动。 2．locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置 (1)located adj. 位于 be located in/on/at 位于，坐落于 (2)location n. 位置 ◆[经典佳句] It was nearly a week before the rescue team located the crashed plane. 救援队花了将近一周的时间才找到坠毁的飞机。 The museum is located in a park surrounded by a number of impressive buildings. 博物馆坐落在一个被许多令人印象深刻的建筑包围的公园里。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Is the East Pearl Tower located 　in　 the center of Shanghai? ②　Located　 (locate) in the central district, the Xi'an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price. ③What is the exact 　location　 (locate) of the ship? ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④Rescue planes are trying to 　locate_the_missing_sailors　. 救援飞机正在努力寻找失踪水手的下落。 3．intake n．摄入量，摄取量；吸入 (1)intake 为复合名词，由take in合成的词 (2)take in领会，理解；吸收；欺骗；收留 (3)其他常见合成词 break out 爆发→outbreak n．爆发 break through 突破→breakthrough n. 突破 take over 接管→takeover n. 接管 put in 放入，置入→input n．输入，投入 check out 结账离开→ checkout n．结账台，结账 take off 起飞→take­off n．起飞 ◆[经典佳句] The association took in a new member last week. 该协会上星期新加入了一名会员。 The salesman finds it easy to take in old ladies. 这名推销员发现老太太们容易上当受骗。 At checkout，your bill will be printed for you. 结账时，会把你的账单打印给你。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 写出下列句中take in 的含义 ①Gazing up into his eyes，she seemed to take in all he said.　________　 ②They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.　________　 ③Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses.　________　 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④Nutritionists say only 33 percent of 　______________　(我们的卡路里摄入量)should be from fat. ⑤When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，　____________________　(总摄入量)jumps by 14 percent. ⑥The club 　____________________　(加入了一些新会员)last week. 答案：①理解　②吸收　③收留　④our calorie intake　⑤total intake 　⑥took in some new members (教材P111)It might also be a good idea to increase your intake of Omega­3 fats, which are an important brain food. 增加欧米伽­3脂肪的摄入量也许也是个好主意，欧米伽­3脂肪是一种重要的健脑食物。 [句式结构]　which引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代替fats，在从句中作主语。 ◆[规律总结] 定语从句中关系代词which 的作用： (1)可代替前文出现的物，在从句中作主语、宾语。 (2)可代替前文所发生的事，在从句中作主语、宾语。 (3)引导非限制性定语从句，此时不能使用that。 ◆[经典佳句] He lives in Beijing，which is the capital of China. 他住在北京，北京是中国的首都。 The little boy is always playing computer games，which makes his parents worried . 这个小男孩老是在玩电脑游戏，这使得他的父母非常担心。 ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： The Tai mountain，　________　is famous in China，is located in Shandong Province. (可能失误)填that/it (正确表达)填which (错误分析)此处是指“泰山”是独一无二的，因此定语从句只具有补充说明的功能，因此应用非限制性定语从句。故填which。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 翻译句子 ①这位小姑娘从未喝过牛奶，这让所有人都很惊讶。 　The_little_girl_never_drank_milk，which_surprised_all_the_people　. ②他来过中国两次，中国给他留下了深刻印象。 　He_has_been_to_China_twice，which_has_left_him_a_deep_impression　. [基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It's only a 　crossword　 (纵横填字游戏) puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary. 2．Whenever you move to a new area, you should 　locate　 (找出……的准确位置) the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. 3．Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food 　intake　 (摄入量) more accurately. 4．He ate at least 5 meals a day including much 　junk_food　(垃圾食品)． 5．The area has been declared a disaster 　zone　 (地带)． 6．Unable to resist the 　impulse　 (冲动), he glanced at the sea again. 7．N　erve　 cells have limited ability to regenerate if destroyed. 8．Evidence shows that smoking harms nearly every o　rgan　 of the body. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Put a small amount of the powder into a 　container　(contain) and mix with water. 2．The first thing he looked at was his office's 　location　(locate)． 3．Tom stood up 　nervously　 (nerve) as the men came into the room. 4．Most supermarkets sell a range of 　organic　 (organ)products. 5．In the future, people may heat their homes with 　atomic　(atom) power. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Women 　make_up　 (占……) 56% of the student numbers. 2．I was so angry that I couldn't 　contain_myself　 (克制自己)． 3．　Located_in_the_center_of_the_city　 (位于市中心), the park is a good place for a rest at weekends. 4．People could 　be_connected_by　 (联系在一起)understanding and efforts made by each side. 5．The medical team 　consists_of　(由……组成) twenty doctors and fifty nurses. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Do you want to live never to die? Some experts say, it will not be a dream one day.Modern technology will make it come true. Man will live more years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life. “I think we are knocking at the door of 　immortality　，”said Michael, a professor and author of two books on human life expectancy. “I think by 2075 we will see it and it's no longer a dream. Humans' life expectancy may have no limit.” At the meeting in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School said advances in using genes as well as other technology make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past.“There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years，” he said. “Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 300 or 500 years.” However, many scientists are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last more than about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease，they say failure of the brain and other parts of the body will finally lead all humans to death. Scientists also hold different opinions on what kind of life man might live. “If you pass 120, you know, could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life? It's a big question，” said Leonard Poon, director of the university centre.“At present people who could 　get_to_that_point　 are not in good health at all.” 1.What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean? A．Dying slowly.　　　 　B．Living longer. C．Living forever. 　D．Dying quickly. 2．What is Donald's attitude? A．Human beings may never die in the future. B．It is not certain how long humans can live. C．The human body can last about 120 years. D．It is possible for man to live longer in the future. 3．What does the phrase “get to that point” mean in the last sentence? A．Get that idea. B．Get to 120 years old. C．Know how to live forever. D．Have good quality of life. 4．What would be the best title for this text? A．Living longer or not B．Science and long living C．No limit for human life D．Healthy lifestyle and living [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是科学家研究人类是否能够活得更久更健康，以及不同的人对此问题的不同反应。 1．C　[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Do you want to live another 100 years or more？Do you want to live never to die？”可推知，画线词所在句意为“我想我们正在敲响永生之门”。画线词与living forever意思相近。故选C。] 2．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years，’he said.‘Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 300 or 500 years.’”可知，Donald认为人类能活得更久是有可能的。故选D。] 3．B　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“If you pass 120，you know，could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life？It's a big question，”可知，“At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”中的get to that point指的是“活到120岁”。故选B。] 4．A　[主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Do you want to live never to die? Some experts say, it will not be a dream one day.Modern technology will make it come true. Man will live more years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life.”及下文不同的人对此问题的不同反应可知，本文讨论的主要是人类在未来是否可以活得更久一点。由此可知，Living longer or not适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。] B Barbara McClintock was one of the most important scientists of the twentieth century.She made important discoveries about genes and chromosomes (染色体)． Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her family moved to the Brooklyn area of New York City in 1908. Barbara was an active child with an interest in sports and music. She also developed an interest in science. She studied biology at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921. Years later，she noted that few college students wanted to study genetics. Barbara McClintock decided to study botany，the scientific study of plants, at Cornell University. She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923. McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell. She completed a master's degree in 1925. Two years later, she fulfilled all the requirements for a doctorate degree. McClintock stayed at Cornell after she completed her education. She taught students botany. The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States. The country was in the middle of the Great Depression.Millions of Americans were unemployed. Male scientists were offered jobs. But female geneticists were not much in demand. An old friend from Cornell, Marcus Rhoades, invited McClintock to spend the summer of 1941 working at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, which is a research center on Long Island, near New York City.McClintock started a temporary job in the genetics department. A short time later, she accepted a permanent position in the laboratory.This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid. In this way, she could steadily pursue her research there. By the 1970s, her discoveries had had an effect on everything from genetic engineering to cancer research. McClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes. She was the first American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize. 5．When did McClintock receive a doctorate degree? A．In 1921.　　　　　 　B．In 1923. C．In 1925. 　D．In 1927. 6．What can we learn about the Great Depression in the US from the passage? A．Young scientists had trouble finding a job. B．Female geneticists were not needed at all. C．Male geneticists were in great demand. D．Male scientists were mostly out of work. 7．Why was McClintock awarded the Nobel Prize? A．Because of her life­long research in botany and biology. B．Because of her contribution to genetic engineering. C．Because of her discoveries about genes and chromosomes. D．Because of her unshared work in the laboratory. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名女科学家芭芭拉·麦克林托克(Barbara McClintock)的经历，以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。 5．D　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“She completed a master's degree in 1925. Two years later, she fulfilled all the requirements for a doctorate degree.”可知，McClintock在1925年拿到了硕士学位，两年后，她符合了博士学位的所有的必要条件，所以她在1927年取得了博士学位。故选D。] 6．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States.”可知，在20世纪30年代年轻的科学家很难找到工作，故选A。] 7．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“McClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.”可知，由于在基因和染色体研究方面的一些发现，McClintock获得了诺贝尔奖。故选C。] Ⅱ.完形填空 With the plaster cast(石膏绷带) on my arm for weeks, I returned to the hospital to have it removed. The doctor cut away my cast and asked me to 　____1____　 my arm. When moving it in every possible way, I was amazed by the fact that my elbow (肘) was actually fixed, which was all thanks to the doctor and made me more interested in the 　____2____　 of the doctor. I began to think that he had a secret talent that only a few people in the world had, and I 　____3____　 what it was. From then on, I was sure that I would become a doctor like him one day. At the age of four, I was already 　____4____　 to discover the art of healing and share it with the world. As my mom and I made our way out of the hospital that day I released her hand and ran away. I wanted to 　____5____　 my experience with everyone. I found an elderly man falling from a wheelchair and ran to help him, saying, “Don't worry, Grandpa.The doctor will fix your　____6____　. Look how he fixed my arm！” I then showed him my newly 　____7____　 elbow. He gave me the biggest smile. I waved goodbye to the man and felt proud to have shared my good fortune with someone who truly 　____8____　 it. Thirteen years have passed by since that day, and many things have changed.　____9____　， I am still determined to discover the art of healing, even though I now know it is not as 　____10____　 as I originally thought. Last summer I had a chance to volunteer in 　____11____　 medical environments where I learned how to encourage patients to eat the healthy food they　____12____　， and what doctors do when a child refuses a throat swab.Each of these experiences has taught me a lot, 　____13____　 most importantly they have further promoted my interest in 　____14____　. Although I have not yet discovered the art of healing, I know that every year I get 　____15____　 to it. 1．A.move　　　　　 　B．touch C．hold 　D．remove 2．A.job 　B．name C．message 　D．nationality 3．A.proved 　B．ignored C．remembered 　D．wondered 4．A.surprised 　B．introduced C．supposed 　D．determined 5．A.share 　B．tell C．inform 　D．collect 6．A.arms 　B．legs C．wheelchair 　D．door 7．A.missed 　B．looked C．cured 　D．guarded 8．A.attained 　B．needed C．deserved 　D．valued 9．A.Besides 　B．Thus C．Instead 　D．However 10．A.natural 　B．complex C．technological 　D．mysterious 11．A.regular 　B．various C．cheerful 　D．successful 12．A.remain 　B．supply C．dislike 　D．study 13．A.or 　B．so C．but 　D．for 14．A.food 　B．chemistry C．biology 　D．medicine 15．A.closer 　B．easier C．better 　D．used [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候因胳膊受伤而一直痴迷于治愈的艺术和医学， 且爱帮助别人， 从不错过鼓励别人的机会，一直到现在都没有改变。 1．A　[move移动。句意： 医生取下石膏并让我动一动我的手臂。 故选A。] 2．A　[job工作。这件事使得作者对于医生的工作更感兴趣了。故选A。] 3．D　[wonder好奇。句意： 我好奇它是什么。故选D。] 4．D　[determine决定。句意： 在我四岁的时候， 我就已经下定决心要发现治愈的艺术， 并与世界分享它。故选D。] 5．A　[share分享。句意： 我想要和我遇见的每个人分享我的经历。故选A。] 6．B　[leg腿。从轮椅上摔下来应该是腿有毛病。 故选B。] 7．C　[cure治愈。句意： 然后我给他看我才被治愈了的手肘。故选C。] 8．B　[need需要。根据上文可知， 作者是为那些受伤需要好运的人分享自己的经历。 故选B。] 9．D　[however但是。根据下文I am still determined to discover the art of healing可知，虽然很多事情都变了， 但是作者还是决心去发现治愈的艺术。故选D。] 10．D　[mysterious神秘的。根据上文可知，十三年过去了， 作者长大了， 治愈的艺术也不像他以前想的那样神秘了。故选D。] 11．B　[various各种各样的。句意： 去年夏天我有机会在各种医疗环境中做志愿者。故选B。] 12．C　[dislike不喜欢。句意： 在那里我学会了如何去鼓励病人吃他们不喜欢的健康的食物。故选C。] 13．C　[but但是。根据下文most importantly可知，此处为转折关系。故选C。] 14．D　[medicine医学。句意： 但是最重要的是， 他们进一步促进了我对医学的兴趣。故选D。] 15．A　[closer更近。句意： 虽然我现在还没有发现治愈的艺术， 但我知道我每年都在接近它。故选A。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $