UNIT 7 SECTION Ⅲ GRAMMAR-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

SECTION Ⅲ　GRAMMAR 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　动词­ed形式作状语 语境美文 语法感悟 　　The boy,1 .born in a small village，didn't live a happy life，helping his father work on the farm.When he was 13,2.not satisfied with his life，he went to a big city for a good education.3.Brought up in the countryside，he looked stupid in the new place.4.Looked down upon by people there，he was about to give up when a basketball coach found him and decided to train him in the field.5.Trained 12 hours a day，he didn't complain and made great progress.6.Compared with other players，he still had a long way to go.Eight years later,7.accompanied by his coach，he went to the U．S. to try out for NBA and he made it in the Bulls. 过去分词主要作用之一是在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随，有时具有说明作用。 (1)1、2、3、4处过去分词短语表示原因。 (2)5处过去分词短语表示让步。 (3)6处过去分词短语表示条件。 (4)7处过去分词短语表示方式或伴随。 过去分词一般修饰谓语动词或整个句子，说明动作发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，并构成被动关系。过去分词(短语)作状语，一般可转换为状语从句。 Ⅰ.基本构成 动词＋ed的形式和不规则动词的特殊形式。 如：planted，used，polluted，given，left，seen，understood，built等等。 Ⅱ.基本用法 (i)动词­ed形式作状语的基本用法 动词­ed形式可用作状语， 表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随或方式等。这类状语可放在句子前面、后面或句中， 并可拓展为一个状语从句或并列分句。 1．表示时间， 相当于一个时间状语从句， 有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。 When completed (＝When it is completed), the library will be open to the public next year. 图书馆修建完工后，将于明年向公众开放。 Asked why they lied (＝When they were asked why they lied), the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to. 当被问及他们为何撒谎时，最常见的原因便是为了给他们的谈话对象“留下深刻印象”。 [即学活用1]——句型转换 ①When he was told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home. →　When_told　 that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home. →　Told_that　 his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home. ②When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head. →　When_asked_what_had_happened，　 he lowered his head. →　Asked_what_had_happened，　 he lowered his head. 2．表示原因， 相当于一个由as, because等引导的原因状语从句。 Greatly inspired by the teacher's words (＝Because he was greatly inspired by the teacher's words), he made up his mind to work at English even harder. 在老师的鼓励下， 他决心更加努力地学习英语。 [即学活用2]——句型转换 ①Because the teacher was satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. →　Satisfied_with　 what he did, the teacher praised him in class. ②Because he was a bit frightened, he went back. →　A_bit_frightened　， he went back. ③Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound. →　As_he_was_lost/absorbed_in　 deep thought, he didn't hear the sound. 3．表示条件， 相当于一个由unless，if等引导的条件状语从句。 Given a few more minutes (＝If I am given a few more minutes), I'll finish it. 再给几分钟我就可以完成了。 [即学活用3]——单句语法填空 ①　Planted　 (plant) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. ②Ordinary soap, 　used　 (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. ③　Compared　 (compare) with you, I still have a long way to go. 4．表示方式或伴随情况。 动词­ed形式作伴随状语， 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明， 可位于句首或句末， 可以扩展成一个状语从句或并列分句。 The old man went into the room, (and he was) supported by his wife. 在妻子的搀扶下， 老人走进房间。 [即学活用4]——完成句子 ①　Surrounded_by_his_students，　 the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生的簇拥下， 兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 ②The teacher entered the classroom, 　followed_by_a_group_of_students　. 老师进入教室， 后面跟着一帮学生。 5．表示让步， 相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team (＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team)，we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other. 虽然被对方的队伍打败了，但我们并没有灰心并且相互鼓励。 [即学活用5]——完成句子 ①　Beaten_again，　 he didn't lose heart. 尽管再次被击败， 但他没有灰心。 ②　Laughed_at_by_many_people，　 he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，但他还是继续他的研究。 ◆[名师点津]　有些动词­ed形式来源于系表结构， 作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的动词­ed形式及短语常见的有：be lost (迷路); be seated (坐); be lost/absorbed in (沉溺于); be dressed in (穿着); be addicted to (对……上瘾); be buried in (埋头于)；be determined to do (决心做……); be faced with (面对着); be based on (以……为基础)等。 [即学活用6]——单句语法填空 ①　Faced　 (face) with difficulty, he never gives up. ＝　Facing　 (face) difficulty, he never gives up. ②　Dressed　 (dress) in white, he looks like a cook not a doctor. ＝　Dressing　 (dress) himself in white, he looks like a cook not a doctor. ③　Buried　 (bury) in work, he forgot to pick up his son. (ii)动词­ed形式(短语)的独立结构作状语 动词­ed形式(短语)作状语时，有时在前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的动词­ed形式被称为独立结构，这种独立结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。 Extra money given to the poor，he felt very happy. ＝Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy. 他把自己额外的钱给了穷人后，他感到很高兴。 [即学活用7]——用过去分词的独立结构作状语改写句子 ①The plan was successfully carried out, and everything worked out perfectly. →　The_plan_successfully_carried_out，　 everything worked out perfectly. ②The boy was knocked over, and blood streamed down his head. →　The_boy_knocked_over，　 blood streamed down his head. ③After the task had been completed, we had a global travelling. →　The_task_completed，　 we had a global travelling. (iii)动词­ed形式(短语)与动词­ing形式(短语)作状语的区别 动词­ed形式与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；动词­ing形式与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。 [助记]　分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语，主语是问题。 前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系。 主动用­ing，被动用­ed。 Asked why he was late，he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。 Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there. 我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。 [名师点津]　无论是动词­ing形式还是动词­ed形式，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught, the police will punish the thief.(×) If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(√) If the thief is caught, the police will punish him.(√) [即学活用8]——用所给词的适当形式填空 ①　Finding　 (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. ②Time, 　used　 (use) correctly, is money in the bank. ③　Using　 (use) the book, I find it useful. ④　Worried　 (worry) about his son's safety, he didn't sleep well. ⑤　Hearing　 (hear) the joke, I couldn't help laughing. [基础性] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．—Shall we put off the match because of the bad weather? —No.Rain or shine, the match will be held as 　scheduled　 (schedule)． 2．　Designed　 (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room. 3．The new technology, if 　applied　 (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output. 4．　Considered　 (consider) as a building material, wood is not very strong. 5．　Given　 (give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine. 6．　Filled　 (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad. 7．When first 　introduced　 (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success. 8．　Located　 (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price. 9．　Surrounded　 (surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it. 10．　Disappointed　 (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn't like to talk about it to his parents. [应用性] Ⅱ.完成句子 1．　Once_lost　 ，such a chance might never come again. 一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来了。 2．　Given_another_chance　 ，I'll do it much better. 如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。 3．　Edited_by_three_language_experts　 ，the dictionary has been popular with readers ever since it came out two years ago. 由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本字典自从两年前上市以来就一直受到读者欢迎。 4．When 　exposed_to_stress　，in whatever form, all of us react both mentally and physically. 当暴露在压力之下时，不管以什么形式，我们所有的人都会从精神和身体上作出反应。 5．　Devoted_to_his_science_research　， he has enjoyed fame all over the world. 由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。 Ⅲ.语篇填空 用过去分词(短语)作状语翻译下面句子 1．　Born_in_the_USA_on_2_January_1970　 (1970年1月2日出生于美国), Eric Whitacre is a famous composer and conductor.When studying music in the college, he fell in love with Mozart's classical music. 2.　Inspired_by_a_video_from_one_of_his_fans　 (受一位粉丝的视频启发), he decided to create the virtual choir in 2009.And in 2014, the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF was first seen on stage 3.　conducted_by　 (被……指挥) Eric Whitacre. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Hard work really does pay off.Scientists find that perseverance (坚持不懈) leads to better grades and higher achievements in school. “Being passionate (热情的) is not enough to ensure academic success ，” say researchers，who thought of “courage” as a key to success. Courage is also regarded as effort in reaching long­term goals, and determination to continue one's efforts in spite of hardships. Researchers think that the finding could help create new training to help children develop the skill and help ensure their future success. Researchers from the Academy of Finland studied more than 2,000 students from Helsinki. They were followed through their academic career from 12 to 16, the sixth grade until the ninth grade in local school years. Researchers found that the factor that best predicts courage was related to goals, with previous academic achievements playing no role in developing the skill. Professor Katariina Salmela­Aro, who led the study, said, “Courage means a young person is really interested in his or her studies and does not give up easily. A key element of courage is high perseverance when he or she faces difficulties and hardships. The important finding is that these factors are the key to success and well­being. Our study shows the power of courage.” Professor Salmela­Aro also thinks it is important to develop new practices and qualities to improve courage in teenagers. She added, “Young people should see everyday school work as part of their life in a broader context and establish achievable goals for themselves. Schools must also serve as a place where it is safe to fail and learn to deal with 　setbacks　. One must not be discouraged by setbacks, but draw strength and new energy from them.” 1．What can we learn about the research? A．It takes at least three years. B．It helps students make progress. C．It meets many difficulties. D．It follows 2,000 students abroad. 2．What should students do according to the researchers? A．Focus on former grades. B．Achieve their dreams. C．Try all their best. D．Forget sadness. 3．What does the underlined word “setbacks” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Strengths.　　　　　 　B．Difficulties. C．Weaknesses. 　D．Efforts. 4．From which is the text probably taken? A．A picture book. B．A literature book. C．A geography textbook. D．An educational magazine. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们介绍了科学家们的发现：勇气和坚持不懈会使学生在学校取得更好的成绩和更高的成就。 1．A　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“They were followed through their academic career from 12 to 16, the sixth grade until the ninth grade in local school years.”可知，这项研究至少需要花费三年时间。故选A。] 2．C　[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Courage means a young person is really interested in his or her studies and does not give up easily. A key element of courage is high perseverance when he or she faces difficulties and hardships.”可知，根据这项研究，学生应该在面对困难时坚韧不拔，不轻易放弃。由此可推知，学生应该全力以赴。故选C。] 3．B　[词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段中“Schools must also serve as a place where it is safe to fail and learn to deal with setbacks. One must not be discouraged by setbacks, but draw strength and new energy from them.”中的fail 和discouraged可推断，此处setbacks的意思为“挫折；阻碍”，与B项含义相近。故选B。] 4．D　[推理判断题。根据第一段“Hard work really does pay off.Scientists find that perseverance leads to better grades and higher achievements in school.”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们的发现：勇气和坚持不懈会使学生在学校取得更好的成绩和更高的成就。由此推断文章可能来自教育杂志。故选D。] B LaShenda Williams was a woman who had been sleeping in a parking lot for a year. It was a pity that she had been battling with alcohol addiction and had been spending the nights in her car at a parking lot after driving around different locations during the day. Williams was really poor, and she would lean in her seat in the car all the way back so that no one would see her because she wasn't supposed to be there. At the end of last year, Jackie Vandal, a hiring manager at a grocery store, noticed Williams and encouraged her to attend an upcoming job fair. With some help from Vandal, Williams spent a few hours filling out the application. Once Vandal saw the message indicating Williams had successfully applied，Vandal hired her on the spot. It became a great day! Williams was 　brimming　 with happiness and smiled from ear to ear. From then on，she loved her work and got excited every day to come to work. She couldn't wait to see the workers who she worked with. She couldn't wait to see the customers. Her positive attitude had been a blessing to the staff, too. Even Jackie Vandal thought that they were so lucky to have Williams as part of their team members. Her uplifting spirits were inspiring. She had made such a positive impact on her fellow team members, and so many customers as well. Williams said it was easy to be enthusiastic after everything that had happened. She was sleeping in a parking lot and looking for something to eat last year. However, now, all Williams's colleagues there love her. No one laughs at her, and no one calls her a fool. For the first time in her life, she gets peace and happiness. 5．How was LaShenda Williams's life last year? A．Enthusiastic and happy. B．Poor and hard. C．Peaceful but boring. D．Exciting but tough. 6．What happened to Williams at the end of last year? A．She got a job with the help of Vandal. B．She gained financial assistance from Vandal. C．She helped Vandal work for a grocery store. D．She attended a job fair organised by a grocery store. 7．Which can take the place of the underlined word “brimming” in Paragraph 3? A．Uncovered. 　B．Filled. C．Increasing. 　D．Relieving. 8．What can we know about Williams? A．She made her family members enthusiastic. B．She won back the customers with her inspiring story. C．She loved her work and felt satisfied with her new life. D．She was so lucky that she made a good impression on customers. [语篇解读]　本文讲述了穷困潦倒的拉森达·威廉斯成功应聘了杂货店工作以后，变得热情洋溢、开心幸福且对新生活充满希望的故事。 5．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“LaShenda Williams was a woman who had been sleeping in a parking lot for a year. It was a pity that she had been battling with alcohol addiction and had been spending the nights in her car at a parking lot after driving around different locations during the day. Williams was really poor”可知，去年拉森达·威廉斯的生活穷困又艰难。故选B。] 6．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“With some help from Vandal, Williams spent a few hours filling out the application. Once Vandal saw the message indicating Williams had successfully applied，Vandal hired her on the spot.”可知，去年年底，威廉斯在一家杂货店招聘经理的帮助下，参加了招聘会，并且被当场录用了。故选A。] 7．B　[词义猜测题。根据该句中的“with happiness and smiled from ear to ear”以及后文“From then on，she loved her work and got excited every day to come to work.She couldn't wait to see the workers who she worked with.She couldn't wait to see the customers.”可知，威廉斯应聘成为杂货店员以后非常开心，对待同事和顾客也很热情。由此可推知，第三段的画线词所在句句意为“威廉斯洋溢着幸福，笑得合不拢嘴”，brimming的意思与B项Filled(充满着)的意思相近。故选B。] 8．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段和最后一段的内容可推知，威廉斯热爱自己的工作，对自己的新生活感到很满足。故选C。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Most people get rid of their leftover foods, but in Nigerian­born visual artist Haneefah Adam's kitchen, they're put to good use. Adam, 28, is famous for 　____1____　 food in creative ways, using it to make portraits and other works of art. She has always been artistic. Her mother said she had a 　____2____　 for art. Now, she's building a career out of changing food into art. “I do regular portraits and also often sew and paint, but what 　____3____　 me most is food，”she says. Adam is inspired by 　____4____　 things, including life experiences and culture. She 　____5____　 everything around her as something that can be made into art. In 2016, she 　____6____　 the TechMeetsArtNG exhibition, which was sponsored and funded by Samsung and Rele Gallery. The 　____7____　 was a culinary (烹饪的) exhibition aimed at exploring the artistic presentation of some of Nigeria's local 　____8____　. Her winning entry was 　____9____　 by one of her favourite childhood meals－Ogbono soup, which was 　____10____　the dried seeds of mangoes. “Before the competition, my art was mostly random, and I was just recording food art on social media. But after winning, I started to think about 　____11____　 making a living from food art，” she says. Winning the competition kick­started Adam's 　____12____　 and her full­time job is now 　____13____　 art for food brands such as Maggi and Dangote Salt. “I want to 　____14____　 in more exhibitions. I currently live in Kwara，Western Nigeria; it is difficult to make a 　____15____　 in the country's art scene from here，” she says. 1．A.distributing　　　　　 　B．mixing C．presenting 　D．selling 2．A.dilemma 　B．reputation C．standard 　D．talent 3．A.excites 　B．puzzles C．rejects 　D．presses 4．A.artificial 　B．modest C．random 　D．visual 5．A.collects 　B．devotes C．inspects 　D．sees 6．A.produced 　B．held C．won 　D．performed 7．A.background 　B．competition C．discovery 　D．victory 8．A.meals 　B．goods C．styles 　D．works 9．A.finished 　B．inspired C．submitted 　D．selected 10．A.attached to 　B．occupied with C．made from 　D．linked to 11．A.actively 　B．frequently C．mildly 　D．roughly 12．A.view 　B．space C．reward 　D．career 13．A.learning 　B．creating C．advertising 　D．developing 14．A.give 　B．bring C．result 　D．participate 15．A.move 　B．promise C．difference 　D．mess [语篇解读]　来自尼日利亚的年轻女艺术家把日常的食物变成艺术品，从一开始自己的随意设计到后来的获奖，她把这门艺术变成了自己的职业。 1．C　[根据第一段中的“visual artist”和空后的“using it to make portraits and other works of art”可知，阿达姆善于用创造性的方式呈现(presenting)食物，利用食物创作艺术作品。由第五段最后一句中的“exploring the artistic presentation”也可推知。故选C。] 2．D　[句意为：她母亲说她有艺术天赋。have a talent for...意为“有……的天赋”。故选D。] 3．A　[根据上文“she's building a career out of changing food into art”可知，设空处所在句表示：虽然我定期画肖像画，也经常缝纫和绘画，但是最让我兴奋的还是食物。故选A。] 4．C　[根据倒数第二段中的“my art was mostly random”可知，她的艺术基本都是随性的。所以该句表示：阿达姆的灵感来自随机事物，包括生活经历和文化。故选C。] 5．D　[根据上文可知，她的灵感来自生活中随机的事物，因而她把自己身边的一切事物都看成可以被创作成艺术的灵感素材。see...as...意为“视……为……”，故选D。] 6．C　[根据第六段中的“Her winning entry”可知，她赢得(won)了这场展览比赛。故选C。] 7．B　[根据第六段中的“winning entry”以及“Before the competition”可知，此处指一场比赛(competition)，为原词复现，故选B。] 8．A　[第六段第一句中的meals即该空提示，所以此处表示：比赛是一场烹饪展览，旨在探索一些尼日利亚当地食物的艺术表现方式。故选A。] 9．B　[根据该句主语“Her winning entry”及介词by的宾语“one of her favourite childhood meals”可知，此处表示：她获奖的作品的灵感来自她儿时最喜欢的食物之一。be inspired by...意为“受到……的启发/鼓舞”，故选B。] 10．C　[此处表示用烘干的芒果核做成的Ogbono汤，即她最喜欢的食物是用烘干的芒果核制作出来(made from)的。故选C。] 11．A　[上句表示：在比赛之前，阿达姆的艺术大多是随意的，她只是在社交媒体上记录美食艺术。But表示转折，所以此处表示：但获奖后，她开始考虑通过积极地参加食品艺术活动谋生。故选A。] 12．D　[根据上文“making a living from food art”及下文“her full­time job is now　____13____　art for food brands”可知，赢得这次比赛促使她开始了她的事业，故选D。] 13．B　[根据下文中的“art for food brands”可知，此处指她为一些食品品牌创作艺术品。故选B。] 14．D　[根据下文可知，此处表示她想参加(participate)更多的展览比赛(这样就能有更多的机会)。participate in意为“参加”。故选D。] 15．C　[上文提到她想参加更多的展览比赛，该句解释原因：目前她生活的地方无法给她更多的机会在食品艺术方面取得更大的成功，即有影响(make a difference)。故选C。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $