Unit 9 Learning 单元语法（动词不定式和动词ing形式作宾语）-2025-2026学年高一英语北师大版必修第三册

Unit 9 Learning 动词不定式和动词ing形式做宾语 一、单句语法填空 1．Furthermore, recycling programs need (improve) so that more plastic can be processed properly. 2．Even today, this ancient technique continues (pass) down from generation to generation in Hotan. 3．IShowSpeed’s China adventures demonstrate how individual content creators can bridge cultural divides in ways traditional diplomacy often fails (achieve) . 4．When she first arrived in France, Zhao found it difficult     (acquire) instruments like the pipa. 5．They prefer using bright colors, such as bright red, bright green and yellow and so on, and tend (bring) the contrast between them into such clear relief that will give a vividness and bouncing visual effect. 6．I prefer (pay) regularly in small amounts, rather than have a large amount to pay in one go. 7．The manager demanded (tell) about the progress of the project every week. 8．The students are eager (attend) the lecture given by the famous scientist. 9．She hopes (elect) as the monitor of her class because she is responsible. 10．The workers demanded (pay) a reasonable salary for their hard work. 11．I think it useless   (memorize) words without understanding their usage in context. 12．She regarded it necessary (prevent) factories from causing further damage. 13．Do you think it worthwhile (spend) so much money on this conservation project? 14．They found it difficult (sustain) the balance of the ecosystem in the short term. 15．In contrast to his brother, he prefers (follow) the latest fashion trends in clothing. 16．National parks tend (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 17．But if you do find it difficult (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening. 18．I didn’t mean (be) late for the meeting, but I was held up in the traffic. 19．The airline guarantees (provide) a free hotel stay if the flight is delayed for more than 4 hours. 20．However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend (produce) stretched and soft meows. 21．After dinner, they enjoyed (wander) along the river. 22．So, instead of (fear) difficulties, embrace them as opportunities to grow. 23．Thomas Edison, for example, failed thousands of times before (invent) the light bulb. 24．This fall, the 21-year-old entered Henan Chemical Technician College’s EM program, despite already (hold) a bachelor’s degree in animation production. 25．The Chinese government supports global TCM cooperation by (open) clinics overseas. 26．These findings could help develop more targeted strategies aimed at (promote) volunteering and charitable giving. 27．The scientists suggested the whole statue could have been brought to Venice after (encounter) by Maffeo Polo during their visit to Beijing. 28．According to the tale, Chang’e was the wife of the heroic archer Houyi, who saved the world by (shoot) down nine of the ten suns that burned the earth. 29．Chalk is common, but have you considered (carve) it into art using a compass? 30．One effective way involves (use) a humidifier (加湿器) to add moisture to the air, which increases the humidity in your home and helps prevent static electricity from building up. 31．Because of hearing problems, he had difficulty (follow) the lessons and often ran away from school. 32．Lydia doesn’t feel like (study) abroad because her parents are old. 33．To craft a fascinating anecdote, experts recommend (use) real feedback to highlight your contribution. 34．Therefore, it’s high time we took measures to prevent water (pollute). 35．Professors, for the most part, are firmly committed to (teach), not research. 36．I greatly appreciate (give) such a great chance to serve the students. 37．Our team is not afraid of (defeat) in the football match. 38．His team even spent 100 days (build) a full-sized model ship, not to mention numerous props inside. 39．You are supposed to start by (clarify) your purpose when you write a letter of apology. 40．Many experts advocate (reward) your child for good behaviour. 二、完成句子 41．我发现在短时间内记住这些词是困难的。 I find hard these words in a short time. 42．为了提出最佳方案，我们需要预先权衡利弊得失。 To come up with the best solution, we need the pros and cons beforehand. 43．Jack辜负了父母的期望，感到很难过。 Jack was sad that he failed to his parents’ expectations. 44．我想申请校报的编辑职位。 I want to the position of editor in the school newspaper. 45．我们不能承担犯错误的后果，所以我们应该多注意自己的行为。 We cannot mistakes, so we should pay more attention to our behavior. 46．她没和我们打招呼就离开了是没礼貌的。 It was impolite of her to leave . 47．我现在盼望尽快回到工作中。 I now work as soon as possible. 48．我适应新学校没有困难。 I have no trouble the new school. 49．很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。 Many experts your child for good behavior. 50．我们必须实现持久的和平，我承诺会找到解决办法。 We must achieve lasting peace, and I the solution. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Learning 动词不定式和动词ing形式做宾语 一、单句语法填空 1．Furthermore, recycling programs need (improve) so that more plastic can be processed properly. 【答案】to be improved/improving/improvement 【详解】考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：此外，回收项目也需要加以改进，以便能够更恰当地处理更多的塑料。空处作need的宾语，可用need to do表示“需要做某事”，improve“改善”和recycling programs逻辑上是被动关系，因此需用improve的不定式被动语态，need to be done相当于need doing，也可用improve的动名词形式，或用improve的名词形式improvement“改善”，是不可数名词。故填to be improved/improving/improvement。 2．Even today, this ancient technique continues (pass) down from generation to generation in Hotan. 【答案】to be passed/being passed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使在今天，这种古老的技艺在和田仍得以代代相传。continue to do sth.和continue doing sth.均表示“继续做某事”，pass down“传承”和this ancient technique逻辑上是被动关系，故需用不定式被动语态或动名词被动语态，作宾语。故填to be passed/being passed。 3．IShowSpeed’s China adventures demonstrate how individual content creators can bridge cultural divides in ways traditional diplomacy often fails (achieve) . 【答案】to achieve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：IshowSpeed的中国之旅表明，个人内容创作者能够以传统外交往往难以实现的方式，架起跨越文化鸿沟的桥梁。fail to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，所以此处应用动词achieve的不定式形式作宾语。故填to achieve。 4．When she first arrived in France, Zhao found it difficult     (acquire) instruments like the pipa. 【答案】to acquire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：刚到法国时，赵洋发现很难买到琵琶这类乐器。此处为固定句型“find it+形容词+to do sth.”，it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，故填to acquire。 5．They prefer using bright colors, such as bright red, bright green and yellow and so on, and tend (bring) the contrast between them into such clear relief that will give a vividness and bouncing visual effect. 【答案】to bring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们偏好使用鲜艳的颜色，如大红、大绿、黄色等，并且倾向于将颜色之间的对比表现得极为鲜明，从而呈现出生动活泼的视觉效果。固定搭配tend to do sth.，意为“倾向于做某事”，用动词bring“带来，导致，使处于”的不定式to bring。故填to bring。 6．I prefer (pay) regularly in small amounts, rather than have a large amount to pay in one go. 【答案】to pay 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我宁愿定期小额付款，也不愿一次付一大笔钱。固定句型prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，此处应用动词不定式，作宾语。故填to pay。 7．The manager demanded (tell) about the progress of the project every week. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理要求每周都被告知项目的进展情况。demand to do sth.意为“要求做某事”，tell“告诉”与the manager之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动形式to be told，作宾语。故填to be told。 8．The students are eager (attend) the lecture given by the famous scientist. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们渴望参加那位著名科学家的讲座。be eager to do sth.是固定短语，意为“渴望做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语。故填to attend。 9．She hopes (elect) as the monitor of her class because she is responsible. 【答案】to be elected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望被选为班长，因为她很有责任心。hope to do sth.是固定短语，意为“希望做某事”，其中动词不定式作hope的宾语；又因为elect与其逻辑主语She之间是被动关系，表示“她被选为班长”，所以此处应用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be elected。 10．The workers demanded (pay) a reasonable salary for their hard work. 【答案】to be paid 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工人们要求获得一份合理的薪酬，以补偿他们辛勤工作的付出。demand 后接不定式作宾语；“工人” 和 “支付薪水” 是被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故填to be paid。 11．I think it useless   (memorize) words without understanding their usage in context. 【答案】to memorize 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为，如果不了解单词在具体语境中的用法，仅仅死记硬背单词是毫无意义的。此处是形式宾语结构 think + it + adj. + to do sth.，it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式短语 to memorize words without understanding their usage in context，useless 为宾补。故填to memorize。 12．She regarded it necessary (prevent) factories from causing further damage. 【答案】to prevent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她认为阻止工厂造成进一步的损害是有必要的。此处为固定结构“regard it +形容词+to do sth.”，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。故填to prevent。 13．Do you think it worthwhile (spend) so much money on this conservation project? 【答案】spending/to spend 【详解】考查it作形式宾语和动名词或动词不定式。句意：你认为在这个保护项目上花这么多钱值得吗？it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是“_______ (spend) so much money on this conservation project”。当think后接形式宾语 it时，真正宾语既可以用“doing (表抽象、习惯性的动作)”，也可以用“to do (表具体、一次性的动作)”，二者在本句中语义无明显差异。故填spending或to spend。 14．They found it difficult (sustain) the balance of the ecosystem in the short term. 【答案】to sustain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现很难在短期内维持生态系统的平衡。“find it + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“发现做某事是……的”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，空处需用动词sustain“维持”的不定式，作真正的宾语。故填to sustain。 15．In contrast to his brother, he prefers (follow) the latest fashion trends in clothing. 【答案】to follow 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与他哥哥不同的是，他更喜欢追随最新的服装时尚潮流。prefer to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“更喜欢做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to follow。 16．National parks tend (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 【答案】to catch 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：国家公园往往会因为其广阔的面积和丰富的多样性而吸引我们的注意力。固定搭配tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事、倾向于做某事”，此处应用动词不定式，作宾语。故填to catch。 17．But if you do find it difficult (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening. 【答案】to fall 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：但如果你确实发现晚上难以入睡或难以保持睡眠状态，那么你应该避免午睡，并在晚上努力培养那种健康的困意。本句中it作形式宾语，设空处动词不定式作真正宾语。故填to fall。 18．I didn’t mean (be) late for the meeting, but I was held up in the traffic. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不是故意开会迟到，但我在交通堵塞中耽搁了。根据空前动词mean可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语，mean to do sth.“打算做某事，故意做某事”，固定搭配。故填to be。 19．The airline guarantees (provide) a free hotel stay if the flight is delayed for more than 4 hours. 【答案】to provide 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：如果航班延误超过4小时，航空公司保证提供免费住宿。根据“guarantees”可知，此空应是动词不定式to provide作宾语，构成guarantee to do sth.的固定搭配，意为“保证做某事”。故填to provide。 20．However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend (produce) stretched and soft meows. 【答案】to produce 【详解】考查不定式。句意：然而，当猫咪寻求关爱时，它们往往会发出绵长而柔和的喵喵声。tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to produce。 21．After dinner, they enjoyed (wander) along the river. 【答案】wandering 【详解】考查动名词。句意：晚饭后，他们喜欢沿着河边散步。此处意为“喜欢做某事”，表达为enjoy doing sth.，故此处应用动名词作宾语，故填wandering。 22．So, instead of (fear) difficulties, embrace them as opportunities to grow. 【答案】fearing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，与其害怕困难，不如把它们当作成长的机会。instead of为介词短语，空处作其宾语，应用fear“害怕”的动名词形式。故填fearing。 23．Thomas Edison, for example, failed thousands of times before (invent) the light bulb. 【答案】inventing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，托马斯·爱迪生在发明电灯泡之前失败了数千次。本空作介词before的宾语，用invent“发明”的动名词形式。故填inventing。 24．This fall, the 21-year-old entered Henan Chemical Technician College’s EM program, despite already (hold) a bachelor’s degree in animation production. 【答案】holding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今年秋季，这位21岁的青年还是进入河南化工技师学院的“EM”项目，尽管他已经拥有动画制作专业的学士学位。此处作介词despite的宾语，用动名词形式。故填holding。 25．The Chinese government supports global TCM cooperation by (open) clinics overseas. 【答案】opening 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国政府通过在海外开设诊所，支持全球中医药合作。介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填opening。 26．These findings could help develop more targeted strategies aimed at (promote) volunteering and charitable giving. 【答案】promoting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些发现有助于制定更具针对性的策略，以促进志愿服务和慈善捐赠。“aim at doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，介词at 后接动名词作宾语，故填promoting。 27．The scientists suggested the whole statue could have been brought to Venice after (encounter) by Maffeo Polo during their visit to Beijing. 【答案】being encountered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们暗示，这座雕像可能是Maffeo Polo在访问北京期间偶然发现的，之后被运到了威尼斯。after是介词，其后接动名词作宾语，且encounter与其逻辑主语the whole statue之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being encountered。故填being encountered。 28．According to the tale, Chang’e was the wife of the heroic archer Houyi, who saved the world by (shoot) down nine of the ten suns that burned the earth. 【答案】shooting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据传说，嫦娥是英雄弓箭手后羿的妻子，后羿射下了灼烧大地的十个太阳中的九个，拯救了世界。介词by 后接动名词shooting，作宾语。故填shooting。 29．Chalk is common, but have you considered (carve) it into art using a compass? 【答案】carving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：粉笔是很常见的东西，不过你有没有想过用圆规将它雕刻成艺术品呢？根据空格前的considered可知，此处用固定搭配consider doing sth.意为“考虑做某事”，因此空格处用动名词carving作宾语，故填carving。 30．One effective way involves (use) a humidifier (加湿器) to add moisture to the air, which increases the humidity in your home and helps prevent static electricity from building up. 【答案】using 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一种有效的方法是使用加湿器来增加空气中的湿度，这会提高你家里的湿度，有助于防止静电积聚。此处为固定搭配involve doing意为“涉及做某事”可知，用use的动名词形式using，作宾语。故填using。 31．Because of hearing problems, he had difficulty (follow) the lessons and often ran away from school. 【答案】following 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于听力问题，他上课有困难，经常逃学。have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定用法，表示“做某事有困难”，所以空处需填动名词形式作宾语。故填following。 32．Lydia doesn’t feel like (study) abroad because her parents are old. 【答案】studying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：莉迪亚不想出国留学，因为她父母年纪大了。feel like doing sth.是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，因此空格处用动名词studying作宾语，故填studying。 33．To craft a fascinating anecdote, experts recommend (use) real feedback to highlight your contribution. 【答案】using 【详解】考查动名词。句意：要创作出一则引人入胜的趣闻轶事，专家建议要利用真实的反馈来突出自己的贡献。recommend doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“建议做某事”，因此空格处用动名词using作宾语，故填using。 34．Therefore, it’s high time we took measures to prevent water (pollute). 【答案】being polluted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，是时候我们采取措施防止水被污染了。prevent...from doing...为固定短语，意为“阻止……做……”，其中from可以省略，且water与pollute“污染”为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being done，作宾语。故填being polluted。 35．Professors, for the most part, are firmly committed to (teach), not research. 【答案】teaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：教授们大部分都坚定地致力于教学，而不是研究。be committed to“致力于”，其中to是介词，本空用teach“教”的动名词形式teaching，作宾语。故填teaching。 36．I greatly appreciate (give) such a great chance to serve the students. 【答案】being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我非常感谢被给予这样一个为学生服务的好机会。固定搭配appreciate doing sth.“感激做某事”，主语I与give之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态。故填being given。 37．Our team is not afraid of (defeat) in the football match. 【答案】being defeated 【详解】考查动名词的被动形式。句意：我们队不怕在足球比赛中被打败。be afraid of后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，defeat（打败）与主语Our team（我们队）之间是被动关系，即我们队被打败，所以要用动名词的被动形式“being +过去分词”，在句中作of的宾语。故填being defeated。 38．His team even spent 100 days (build) a full-sized model ship, not to mention numerous props inside. 【答案】building 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的团队甚至花了 100 天建造了一艘全尺寸的模型船，更不用说里面的无数道具了。此处为固定句型“spend time (in) doing sth.”，意为“花费时间做某事”，其中in可以省略，应用动名词形式作宾语。故填building。 39．You are supposed to start by (clarify) your purpose when you write a letter of apology. 【答案】clarifying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：写道歉信时，你应该先阐明自己的目的。介词by后需用动名词作宾语。故填clarifying。 40．Many experts advocate (reward) your child for good behaviour. 【答案】rewarding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多专家都主张对孩子的良好行为予以奖励。根据空格前的动词advocate可知，空格处应该用动名词rewarding作宾语。故填rewarding。 二、完成句子 41．我发现在短时间内记住这些词是困难的。 I find hard these words in a short time. 【答案】 it to memorize 【详解】考查固定句型和动词不定式。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为主语 + find + it + adj. + to do sth.的固定句型，这是英语中常用的形式宾语句型。it作形式宾语，用来替代后面真正的宾语 —— 不定式短语，避免句子结构头重脚轻。第二个空填 to memorize（记住），不定式短语to memorize these words in a short time是真正的宾语。故分别填it；to memorize。 42．为了提出最佳方案，我们需要预先权衡利弊得失。 To come up with the best solution, we need the pros and cons beforehand. 【答案】 to weigh up 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意可知，此处意为“权衡”，故应用动词短语weigh up，且根据空前的need可知，此处为“need to do sth.需要做某事”，故此处应用不定式作宾语，故填to， weigh， up。 43．Jack辜负了父母的期望，感到很难过。 Jack was sad that he failed to his parents’ expectations. 【答案】 live up to 【详解】考查动词短语。结合句意表示“辜负”，动词短语为live up to，空前为短语fail to do，to后接动词原形，故填①live；②up；③to。 44．我想申请校报的编辑职位。 I want to the position of editor in the school newspaper. 【答案】 apply for 【详解】考查动词短语。句子中want to后需接动词原形；表示“申请（职位）”，用固定短语apply for，故填①apply；②for。 45．我们不能承担犯错误的后果，所以我们应该多注意自己的行为。 We cannot mistakes, so we should pay more attention to our behavior. 【答案】 afford to make 【详解】考查情态动词及动词不定式。表示“承担（后果）”用动词afford，位于情态动词cannot后，用动词原形。表示“犯错误”用make mistakes，用不定式，作afford的宾语。故填①afford；②to；③make。 46．她没和我们打招呼就离开了是没礼貌的。 It was impolite of her to leave . 【答案】without telling us 【详解】考查介词和动名词。根据句意可知，空处需填“没和我们打招呼”的英语表达，即“没告诉我们”，“没有”用介词without表示，“告诉”用动词tell表示，介词后用动名词作宾语，“我们”用us作宾语。故填without telling us。 47．我现在盼望尽快回到工作中。 I now work as soon as possible. 【答案】look forward to going back to 【详解】考查时态及非谓语动词。“盼望做某事”表达为look forward to doing sth，句子描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词使用原形形式，“回到”是go back to，look forward to中的to是介词，后接动名词形式作宾语。故填look forward to going back to。 48．我适应新学校没有困难。 I have no trouble the new school. 【答案】 adapting to 【详解】考查固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，此处应填“适应”，用动词短语adapt to，又因have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定结构，该结构中“doing sth.”为动名词短语作宾语。故填：①adapting ②to。 49．很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。 Many experts your child for good behavior. 【答案】 advocate rewarding 【详解】考查动词短语。动词短语advocate doing表示“主张做某事”，reward sb for sth表示“因某事奖励某人”，故“主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励”可译为advocate rewarding your child for good behavior；该句表示客观现实，应用一般现在时，主语是Many experts，谓语为复数。故空①填advocate；空②填rewarding。 50．我们必须实现持久的和平，我承诺会找到解决办法。 We must achieve lasting peace, and I the solution. 【答案】 commit myself to finding 【详解】考查动词短语和动名词。根据汉语提示“承诺会找到”可知，此处是固定搭配commit oneself to doing sth.，“找到解决办法”用动名词短语finding the solution，作宾语。故填① commit，②myself，③to，④finding。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $