Unit 8 Green Living 核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年高一英语北师大版必修第三册

Unit 8 Green Living 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1.bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；烦扰→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的 2.firm adj.坚实的；稳固的→firmly adv.坚定地；牢牢地 3.found vt.建立；创立；创办→founder n.创立者→foundation n.基础；地基 4.involve vt.参与；包含→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n.参与 5.disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n.消失，不见→appear v.出现→appearance n.出现 6.tracking n.跟踪→track v.跟踪 n.踪迹 重点短语 1.suffer from 遭受；患……病；受……之苦 2.be known as 以……著称 3.not be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事 4.so what 那又怎样 5.take action 采取行动 6.in addition to 除……之外 7.be committed to 致力于；委身于 8.all around the world 全世界 9.make a difference 有影响，有关系 10.be rooted in 植根于 11.be referred to as 被称为…… 12.air pollution 空气污染 13.live a green life 过绿色环保的生活 14.live in harmony with nature 与大自然和谐共生 15.come up with　想出，想到 16.plenty of 充裕的 17.soon after 不久之后 18.thanks to 多亏 19.be convenient for 对……方便 20.provide for 供养；为……做准备 21.be known as 以……著称 22.become popular with 受到……欢迎 23.in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代 一、单句语法填空 1．The (survive) of the crew after the plane crash was seen as a miracle by everyone involved. 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：飞机失事后机组人员的幸存，这被所有相关人员视为一个奇迹。根据“The ____ of the crew”可知，此处需用名词survival，表示“幸存，存活”，作主语。故填survival。 2． (bless) with breathtaking natural scenery, the small village has appealed to so many artists. 【答案】Blessed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小村庄拥有令人惊叹的自然风光，吸引了众多艺术家。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“has appealed(吸引)”，空处应用非谓语形式。句子的主语“the small village(小村庄)”与动词“bless(赋予)”之间为被动关系(村庄被赋予自然风光)，应用过去分词；且“be blessed with...”是固定短语，意为“被赋予……；有幸拥有……”，在本句中作状语，需省略be动词，句首首字母大写，直接用过去分词“Blessed”开头。故填Blessed。 3．Day after day I kept coming up with (solve) to the problem, but none of them worked. 【答案】solutions 【详解】考查名词。句意：日复一日，我不断想出这个问题的解决方案，但没有一个管用。分析句子结构可知，此空需用名词作宾语；solution，表“解决方案”，为可数名词，结合语境“不断想出多个方案”及后文“none of them”（指代复数名词），此处需用复数形式solutions，符合语境。故填solutions。 4．Woodcarving, an ancient craft with (globe) cultural significance, involves shaping wood into delicate designs and figures. 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：木雕是一项具有全球文化意义的古老工艺，涉及将木材雕刻成精美的设计和造型。此处修饰名词significance，用globe的形容词global作定语，意为“全球的”。故填global。 5． (jog) along the path, he breathed fresh air and enjoyed the fascinating view. 【答案】Jogging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着小路慢跑，他呼吸着新鲜空气，欣赏着迷人的景色。jog与句子主语he之间是主动关系，即“他慢跑”，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。首字母大写。故填Jogging。 6．Tom shows great (determine) to learn English well. 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：汤姆表现出学好英语的极大决心。根据动词shows可知，此处需填名词determination作宾语，意为“决心”。故填determination。 7．The villagers watched the old bridge (restore) to its original appearance after months of construction. 【答案】restored 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：村民们看着那座古桥经过数月的修建，恢复了原来的面貌。句中宾语为the old bridge，空处为宾语补足语。bridge与restore为被动关系，用过去分词表被动完成。故填restored。 8．Even with my little brother watching TV next to me, I tried my best to keep my attention (concentrate) on the online class. 【答案】concentrated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使我的小弟弟在我旁边看电视，我也尽力让我的注意力集中在网课上。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”是固定结构，concentrate与其逻辑主语attention之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式concentrated作宾语补足语。故填concentrated。 9．He insisted that immediate action (take) to reduce the waste. 【答案】(should) be taken 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他坚持要求立即采取行动减少浪费。insist在此处意为“坚持要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“should + 动词原形”，其中should可省略；再分析句子结构可知，action与take之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态“(should) be taken”。故填(should) be taken。 10．The Student Union presented a (propose) to plant more trees on campus to the school principal. 【答案】proposal 【详解】考查名词。句意：学生会向校长提出了在校园里种更多树的提议。提示词作宾语，用名词proposal，意为“提议，建议”，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填proposal。 11．Not (know) how to operate the machine, they turned to the expert for help. 【答案】knowing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于不知道如何操作这台机器，他们向专家求助。句中已有谓语动词turned，空处应用非谓语动词，know和逻辑主语they之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填knowing。 12．The book (belong) to me turned out to be left in the computer room. 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本属于我的书结果被落在了电脑室。句中已有谓语动词turned out，设空处应填非谓语动词，belong to“属于”没有被动语态，所以用现在分词作定语。故填belonging。 13．Two million tourists come (annual) to view the beautiful scenery. 【答案】annually 【详解】考查副词。句意：每年有两百万游客来观赏这美丽的景色。此处修饰动词“come”，需用副词作状语，annual为形容词，意为“每年的”，其副词形式是annually，意为“每年地”，符合语境。故填annually。 14．According to the report, the (flood) caused by the heavy rain is the worst in sixty-five years in China. 【答案】flooding 【详解】考查名词。句意：据报道，此次暴雨引发的洪水是中国65年来最严重的一次。空前有定冠词the，空处作主语，结合“caused by the heavy rain”可知，名词flooding符合题意，意为“水灾，洪水泛滥”，为不可数名词。故填flooding。 15．In China, cooking oil fume (油烟) is a kind of indoor air (pollute). 【答案】pollution 【详解】考查名词。句意：在中国，烹饪时产生的油烟是一种室内空气污染物。所填词的前面有indoor air作定语，要将动词pollute变成表示“污染物”的不可数名词pollution。故填pollution。 16．The telephone companies are making good (profit) every day. 【答案】profits 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：各电话公司每天都能获得丰厚的利润。短语make good profits表示“获得良好的利润”。故填profits。 17．He proposed (send) a few members to help the other groups. 【答案】sending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他提议派几个成员去帮助其他小组。propose doing sth.提议做某事。故填sending。 18．She got an appointment with the (appoint) director. 【答案】appointed 【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：她与被任命的主任约好了见面。appoint意为“任命”，appointed为过去分词形式，在这里作定语修饰director，表示“被任命的”。故填appointed。 19．Looking out of the window, he could see (fall) leaves in the air. 【答案】falling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：向窗外望去，他能看到空中的落叶。fall和leaves之间是主动关系，结合“in the air”可知此处使用现在分词作定语，表示主动和进行，故falling。 20．Before being allowed to dive in the ocean, the trainees were introduced to the scuba equipment in the (swim) pool. 【答案】swimming 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在被允许下海潜水之前，学员们先被介绍了游泳池里的水肺设备。swimming pool是固定用法，意为“游泳池”，因此空格处是swimming，是动名词作定语，故填swimming。 21．Mike observed the chair (break), but he managed to repair it using some wood glue (胶). 【答案】broken 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克看到椅子被弄坏，但他还是用一些木胶把它修好了。前半句中已有谓语动词observed，因此此处应用非谓语动词；动词break与the chair之间是被动关系，且表示已完成的动作，所以应该用过去分词broken作宾语补足语。故填broken。 22．It took a long time for Judy to design the work, but the (finish) product was worth it. 【答案】finished 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：朱迪花了很长时间设计这件作品，但成品是值得的。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，finish与其所修饰的名词product之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, 且表“完成”含义, 故应用动词-ed作前置定语。故填finished。 23．The education experts suggested more attention (pay) to protecting the students’ eyes. 【答案】should be paid/ be paid 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：教育专家建议应更加关注保护学生的眼睛。suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，从句谓语使用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，结合语意，attention与pay之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，即(should) be paid。故填(should) be paid。 24．It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental (aware) made it desirable. 【答案】awareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才作为一种旅游概念被广泛接受。在那段时间里，日益增长的环境意识使它成为人们所期望的。空格处作主语，且空前有形容词environmental修饰，应用名词形式，awareness为不可数名词。故填awareness。 25．In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an (industry) scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. 【答案】industrial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在海洋中，我们以工业规模捕捞鳕鱼等顶级捕食者，而在陆地上，我们杀死了狼等大型捕食者。空处修饰名词scale，应填形容词作定语。故填industrial。 26．He was drinking in a pub together with his best friends, (talk) loudly. 【答案】talking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他和最好的朋友们在酒吧喝酒，大声地交谈着。本句谓语为was drinking，此处为非谓语动词，he与talk“交谈”为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填talking。 27．A new hundred-story building stood in the city center, (tower) over the neighboring buildings. 【答案】towering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一座新的百层大楼矗立在市中心，高耸于周边建筑之上。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入非谓语动词作伴随状语，修饰主句动作stood，逻辑主语building与动词tower构成主动关系，且“towering over...”描述大楼矗立时的伴随状态，应用tower现在分词形式。故填towering。 28．The audience expressed their enthusiasm for the performance, (clap) loudly. 【答案】clapping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：观众对演出表现出极大的热情，热烈鼓掌。句中已有谓语动词expressed，且无连词，故空处需用非谓语动词作状语，结合语境可知，此处表示伴随状况，动词clap与其逻辑主语The audience之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词clapping作状语。故填clapping。 29．You will have, fantastic eating experience with the flavor of juicy meatballs (erupt) your mouth. 【答案】erupting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你会有一个美妙的用餐体验，多汁的肉丸味道在你的嘴里迸发。此处是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，宾语the flavor和动词erupt是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作宾语补足语。故填erupting。 30． (locate) in the center of the city, the company mainly deals with machine maintenance and repair. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：位于城市中心，这家公司主要处理机器的维护和修复。空处为非谓语动词作状语，the company与locate之间为被动关系，应用形容词化的过去分词形式，位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Located。 二、单词拼写 31．The travel agency offers a variety of packages to different (目的地) around the world. 【答案】destinations 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家旅行社提供多种旅行套餐，前往世界各地不同的目的地。根据汉语提示“目的地”可知，此处为名词destination，作宾语，different后面接名词复数形式。故填destinations。 32．An animal’s sense of smell is still crucial to its (生存). 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：动物的嗅觉对其生存仍然至关重要。根据汉语提示“生存”，且its为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，survival是名词，意为“生存”，在句中作宾语。故填survival。 33．What made the athlete a success was not his skills but his (决心). 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位运动员之所以成功，靠的不是他的技巧，而是他的决心。根据汉语提示“决心”可知，此处为名词determination，作表语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填determination。 34．The policy (采用) to protect local wildlife has helped increase the number of rare birds in the area. 【答案】adopted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为保护当地野生动物而采用的这项政策，已帮助增加了该地区稀有鸟类的数量。“采用”是adopt，这里policy与adopt是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，修饰policy。故填adopted。 35． (坚持) to the truth, you’ve nothing to fear. 【答案】Sticking/Adhering/Holding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坚持真理，你就没什么可害怕的。根据汉语提示“坚持”可知，此处应用动词stick，adhere或者hold，和后面的to构成固定短语stick to，adhere to或者hold to，意为“坚持”。空处为非谓语动词作状语，该动词其逻辑主语为you之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填Sticking/Adhering/Holding。 36．The engineering team proposed an innovative (解决方案) to the problem of energy storage. 【答案】solution 【详解】考查名词。句意：工程团队提出了一个解决能源储存问题的创新方案。空处作动词proposed宾语，名词solution“解决方案”符合题意，冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填solution。 37．We must find a way to (克服) these technical challenges. 【答案】overcome 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们必须找到克服这些技术挑战的方法。“克服”是overcome，way后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处用动词原形，故填overcome。 38．After the student’s application for studying abroad got (赞成，同意，批准) from the university, his parents began to help him prepare the necessary documents and arrange his accommodation. 【答案】approved 【详解】考查动词。句意：该学生的留学申请得到学校的批准后，他的父母就开始帮他准备必要的文件和安排住宿。表示“赞成，同意，批准”为动词approve，此处为固定表达get done，get approved表示“获得批准”。故填approved。 39．All the children felt (祝福，将……赐予) to receive handwritten letters from their grandparents, which were filled with warm memories and sincere expectations for their future. 【答案】blessed 【详解】考查动词。句意：所有孩子都觉得能收到祖父母的手写信是件幸运的事，信里满是温馨的回忆，还有对他们未来真挚的期许。表示“祝福，将……赐予”用动词bless，此处用其过去分词blessed作表语，feel blessed to do sth.“觉得做某事是幸运的”为常用搭配。故填blessed。 40．He lost his health, and (因此) his difficulties increased. 【答案】therefore 【详解】考查副词。句意：他失去了健康，因此困难增加了。根据汉语提示“因此”，此处需用副词作状语，连接前后两个分句，表示因果关系，therefore为副词，意为“因此，所以”，符合语境。故填therefore。 三、完成句子 41．It’s cruel of him to leave . 把这个可怜的乞丐留在外面，他太残忍了。 【答案】the poor beggar outside 【详解】考查固定结构。句中为“leave + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，表示“这个可怜的乞丐”为名词短语the poor beggar，作宾语；表示“在外面”用副词outside，作宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语的状态。故填the poor beggar outside。 42． so that they can win glory for their homeland. 许多运动员参加奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。 【答案】Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games 【详解】考查动词短语。“许多运动员”译为many athletes，作主语，“参加”使用动词短语take part in，“奥运会”译为the Olympic Games，结合句意及can可知句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，主语表示复数意义，谓语动词使用原形，故填Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games。 43．Our class to make better use of old materials. 我们班提出了更好地利用旧材料的想法。 【答案】came up with the idea 【详解】考查动词短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“提出了这个想法”，应用动词短语come up with表示“提出”，后面接名词the idea“想法”，作介词with的宾语，该句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，come用过去式came。故填came up with the idea。 44．There will be no difficulty in the world . 世界上任何困难他们都可以克服。 【答案】that they cannot overcome 【详解】考查定语从句和动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“他们不可以克服”，是修饰difficulty的成分，句子为there be句型，应用关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词difficulty，从句中主语“他们”用代词they，“不可以”用情态动词cannot，后接动词原形，“克服”可用动词overcome，关系代词that替代先行词在从句中作overcome的宾语。故填that they cannot overcome。 45．What would happen ? 如果每个人做同样的事情，将会发生什么? 【答案】if everybody/everyone did the same things 【详解】考查虚拟语气。本题要翻译的部分“如果每个人做同样的事情”是if引导的条件状语从句，该从句是对现在的情况进行虚拟，主句谓语用would+动词原形，从句谓语要用一般过去时。“每个人”用everybody/everyone表示，“做同样的事情”翻译成did the same things。故填if everybody/everyone did the same things。 46．Their money ran out, so they had to . 他们的钱用完了，所以他们不得不努力寻找解决办法。 【答案】make an effort to find a solution 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，表示“努力去做某事”可用动词短语make an effort to do；表示“寻找解决办法”应为动词短语find a solution，结合空前to可知，用动词原形构成不定式。故填make an effort to find a solution。 47．With so many people her, she felt nervous. 这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。 【答案】looking at 【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处表示“看着”，应用动词短语look at，且在with复合结构中，look at与逻辑主语people之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填looking at。 48．Shall we or play it safe? 我们是该冒险呢还是稳妥行事? 【答案】take a risk 【详解】考查固定短语、时态。句意：我们是该冒险呢还是稳妥行事? 表示“冒险”用固定短语take a risk，本空动词用原形，与空前的shall构成一般将来时。故填take a risk。 49．They started out early, . 他们早早地出发了，所以没误火车。 【答案】so that they didn’t miss the train 【详解】考查目的状语从句和时态。so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”。根据 “They started out early” 可知是过去发生的事，“没误火车”同样是过去的情况，用一般过去时，“错过” 是 miss，其过去式为 missed，否定形式为 didn’t miss 。故译为so that they didn’t miss the train。 50．I usually to practise my spoken English. 我经常利用一切机会练习英语口语。 【答案】take advantage of every opportunity 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“利用”应用take advantage of ，为固定搭配，且这里应用一般现在时表习惯性动作；表示“一切机会”应用every opportunity，作介词后宾语。故填take advantage of every opportunity。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Plastic garbage is a problem around the world: In Guatemala, in Central America, many towns have trouble 51 (collect) garbage. So plenty of plastic garbage 52 (leave) in the streets. Susanne Heisse came up with an idea 53 (help) solve this problem. Her idea is to help communities work together to build plastic-bottle schools. First, people collect plastic bottles, and then they fill the bottle 54 plastic garbage. By pushing 55 large amount of garbage into the bottle, the bottle, 56 becomes strong, can then be used to make walls. 57 (eventual), an entire school can be built. One group in Guatemala, Hug It Forward, first started using this idea in its projects. Because plastic bottle schools are cheaper than the other schools 58 (build) in the traditional way, other groups have also started similar projects around the world. Now, plastic-bottle schools can be found in 59 (place) such as South Africa, Cambodia and the Philippines. Through such projects, garbage is turned into something 60 (use). 【答案】 51．collecting 52．is left 53．to help 54．with 55．a 56．which 57．Eventually 58．built 59．places 60．useful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了塑料垃圾问题以及苏珊娜·海斯提出的用塑料瓶建造学校的解决方案。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中美洲的危地马拉，许多城镇在收集垃圾方面有困难。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以空处应用collect的动名词形式作宾语。故填collecting。 52．考查动词语态。句意：所以大量的塑料垃圾被留在街道上。空处在句中作谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语plastic garbage与leave之间是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is left。 53．查非谓语动词。句意：苏珊娜·海斯想出了一个主意来帮助解决这个问题。空处是非谓语动词，作状语，此处表目的，所以要用动词help的不定式。故填to help。 54．考查介词。句意：首先，人们收集塑料瓶，然后用塑料垃圾填满瓶子。fill...with...是固定短语，意为“用……填满……”。故填with。 55．考查冠词。句意：通过将大量的垃圾塞进瓶子里，瓶子变得坚固，然后可以用来筑墙。a large amount of是固定短语，意为“大量的”。故填a。 56．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是bottle，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词which引导。故填which。 57．考查副词。句意：最终，可以建成一整所学校。空处修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词eventually“最终”。故填Eventually。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：因为塑料瓶学校比传统方式建造的其他学校便宜，所以世界各地的其他团体也开始类似的项目。空处是非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词schools，build与schools之间是被动关系，且build的动作已经完成，所以要用过去分词。故填built。 59．考查名词复数。句意：现在，在南非、柬埔寨和菲律宾等地都可以找到塑料瓶学校。place是可数名词，根据such as South Africa, Cambodia and the Philippines可知，此处表示多个地方，所以要用复数形式，作宾语。故填places。 60．考查形容词。句意：通过这样的项目，垃圾变成了有用的东西。空处修饰不定代词something，应用形容词useful“有用的”，作后置定语。故填useful。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Emperors are the largest of all penguins (企鹅) — an average bird stands some 45 inches tall. These flightless 61 (animal) live on the Antarctic ice and in the extremely cold surrounding waters. They gather closely together to escape wind and conserve 62 (warm). Emperor penguins spend the long winter on the open ice — and even breed during this season. Females lay a single egg and then immediately leave it behind. They undertake 63 extended hunting trip that lasts some two months! Females may need to travel some 50 miles to find food. At sea, emperor penguins can dive to 1,850 feet — 64 (deep) than any other bird. Male emperors keep the newly laid eggs warm, 65 they do not sit on them, as many other birds do. Males stand and protect their eggs by 66 (balance) them on their feet and covering them with feathered skin. During this two-month’s babysitting the males eat nothing and are 67 the mercy of the Antarctic elements. When female penguins return, they bring a belly full of food for the newly hatched chicks. Meanwhile, their duty 68 (do), male emperors take to the sea in search of food for themselves. In December, Antarctic summer, the pack ice 69 (begin) to break up and open water appears near the breeding site, just as young emperor penguins are ready 70 (swim) and fish on their own. 【答案】 61．animals 62．warmth 63．an 64．deeper 65．but 66．balancing 67．at 68．done 69．begins 70．to swim 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帝企鹅的体型、生存环境及独特的繁殖过程，雌性产卵后长途觅食，雄性忍饥孵卵，幼雏最终在夏季前学会独立。 61．考查名词复数。句意：这些不会飞的动物生活在南极冰面和周围极其寒冷的水域中。空处作主语，These后可数名词animal“动物”，应用复数形式。故填animals。 62．考查名词。句意：它们紧密聚集在一起以躲避寒风并保存热量。空处作conserve的宾语，名词warmth符合题意，意为“温暖，暖和”，是不可数名词。故填warmth。 63．考查冠词。句意：它们会进行一次持续约两个月的长途捕食之旅！空处表示泛指，意为“一次持续约两个月的长途捕食之旅”，应用不定冠词，且extended的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 64．考查比较级。句意：在海中，帝企鹅可下潜至1850英尺——比其他任何鸟类都深。根据空后的“than any other bird”可知，空处应用deep的比较级deeper，表示“比其他任何鸟类都深”。故填deeper。 65．考查连词。句意：雄性帝企鹅负责保持新产卵的温暖，但它们并不像其他鸟类那样坐在蛋上孵化。空处前后均为完整的句子，“雄性帝企鹅负责保持新产卵的温暖”和“它们并不像其他鸟类那样坐在蛋上孵化”构成转折，因此应用意为“但是”的并列连词but。故填but。 66．考查非谓语动词。句意：雄企鹅站着保护它们的蛋，用脚平衡它们，并用覆羽的皮肤覆盖它们。空处作介词by的宾语，应用balance“保持平衡”的动名词形式。故填balancing。 67．考查介词。句意：在这两个月的“育儿”期间，雄企鹅不吃任何东西，完全受制于南极的严酷环境。at the mercy of为固定搭配，意为“受……支配/摆布”。故填at。 68．考查独立主格结构。句意：与此同时，任务完成的雄性帝企鹅则前往海中为自己觅食。空处和their duty搭配，构成独立主格结构，do“完成”和逻辑主语their duty是被动关系，且“前往海中为自己觅食”是在“任务完成”后进行的，因此用do的过去分词形式。故填done。 69．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在南极夏季的十二月，浮冰开始破裂，繁殖地附近出现开阔水域，此时年轻的帝企鹅已准备好独立游泳和捕鱼。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语the pack ice是不可数名词，因此用begin“开始”的第三人称单数形式。故填begins。 70．考查非谓语动词。句意：在南极夏季的十二月，浮冰开始破裂，繁殖地附近出现开阔水域，此时年轻的帝企鹅已准备好独立游泳和捕鱼。be ready to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“准备好做某事”，因此用swim“游泳”的不定式形式。故填to swim。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Green Living 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1.bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；烦扰→ adj.担心的；烦恼的 2.firm adj.坚实的；稳固的→ adv.坚定地；牢牢地 3.found vt.建立；创立；创办→ n.创立者→ n.基础；地基 4.involve vt.参与；包含→ adj.参与的；投入的→ n.参与 5.disappear vi.消失，不见→ n.消失，不见→ v.出现 → n.出现 6. tracking n.跟踪→ v.跟踪 n.踪迹 重点短语 1. 遭受；患……病；受……之苦 2. 以……著称 3. 懒得做某事 4. 那又怎样 5. 采取行动 6. 除……之外 7. 致力于；委身于 8. 全世界 9. 有影响，有关系 10. 植根于 11. 被称为…… 12. 空气污染 13. 过绿色环保的生活 14. 与大自然和谐共生 15. 想出，想到 16. 充裕的 17. 不久之后 18. 多亏 19. 对……方便 20. 供养；为……做准备 21. 以……著称 22. 受到……欢迎 23. 在20世纪60年代 一、单句语法填空 1．The (survive) of the crew after the plane crash was seen as a miracle by everyone involved. 2． (bless) with breathtaking natural scenery, the small village has appealed to so many artists. 3．Day after day I kept coming up with (solve) to the problem, but none of them worked. 4．Woodcarving, an ancient craft with (globe) cultural significance, involves shaping wood into delicate designs and figures. 5． (jog) along the path, he breathed fresh air and enjoyed the fascinating view. 6．Tom shows great (determine) to learn English well. 7．The villagers watched the old bridge (restore) to its original appearance after months of construction. 8．Even with my little brother watching TV next to me, I tried my best to keep my attention (concentrate) on the online class. 9．He insisted that immediate action (take) to reduce the waste. 10．The Student Union presented a (propose) to plant more trees on campus to the school principal. 11．Not (know) how to operate the machine, they turned to the expert for help. 12．The book (belong) to me turned out to be left in the computer room. 13．Two million tourists come (annual) to view the beautiful scenery. 14．According to the report, the (flood) caused by the heavy rain is the worst in sixty-five years in China. 15．In China, cooking oil fume (油烟) is a kind of indoor air (pollute). 16．The telephone companies are making good (profit) every day. 17．He proposed (send) a few members to help the other groups. 18．She got an appointment with the (appoint) director. 19．Looking out of the window, he could see (fall) leaves in the air. 20．Before being allowed to dive in the ocean, the trainees were introduced to the scuba equipment in the (swim) pool. 21．Mike observed the chair (break), but he managed to repair it using some wood glue (胶). 22．It took a long time for Judy to design the work, but the (finish) product was worth it. 23．The education experts suggested more attention (pay) to protecting the students’ eyes. 24．It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental (aware) made it desirable. 25．In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an (industry) scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. 26．He was drinking in a pub together with his best friends, (talk) loudly. 27．A new hundred-story building stood in the city center, (tower) over the neighboring buildings. 28．The audience expressed their enthusiasm for the performance, (clap) loudly. 29．You will have, fantastic eating experience with the flavor of juicy meatballs (erupt) your mouth. 30． (locate) in the center of the city, the company mainly deals with machine maintenance and repair. 二、单词拼写 31．The travel agency offers a variety of packages to different (目的地) around the world. 32．An animal’s sense of smell is still crucial to its (生存). 33．What made the athlete a success was not his skills but his (决心). 34．The policy (采用) to protect local wildlife has helped increase the number of rare birds in the area. 35． (坚持) to the truth, you’ve nothing to fear. 36．The engineering team proposed an innovative (解决方案) to the problem of energy storage. 37．We must find a way to (克服) these technical challenges. 38．After the student’s application for studying abroad got (赞成，同意，批准) from the university, his parents began to help him prepare the necessary documents and arrange his accommodation. 39．All the children felt (祝福，将……赐予) to receive handwritten letters from their grandparents, which were filled with warm memories and sincere expectations for their future. 40．He lost his health, and (因此) his difficulties increased. 三、完成句子 41．It’s cruel of him to leave . 把这个可怜的乞丐留在外面，他太残忍了。 42． so that they can win glory for their homeland. 许多运动员参加奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。 43．Our class to make better use of old materials. 我们班提出了更好地利用旧材料的想法。 44．There will be no difficulty in the world . 世界上任何困难他们都可以克服。 45．What would happen ? 如果每个人做同样的事情，将会发生什么? 46．Their money ran out, so they had to . 他们的钱用完了，所以他们不得不努力寻找解决办法。 47．With so many people her, she felt nervous. 这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。 48．Shall we or play it safe? 我们是该冒险呢还是稳妥行事? 49．They started out early, . 他们早早地出发了，所以没误火车。 50．I usually to practise my spoken English. 我经常利用一切机会练习英语口语。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Plastic garbage is a problem around the world: In Guatemala, in Central America, many towns have trouble 51 (collect) garbage. So plenty of plastic garbage 52 (leave) in the streets. Susanne Heisse came up with an idea 53 (help) solve this problem. Her idea is to help communities work together to build plastic-bottle schools. First, people collect plastic bottles, and then they fill the bottle 54 plastic garbage. By pushing 55 large amount of garbage into the bottle, the bottle, 56 becomes strong, can then be used to make walls. 57 (eventual), an entire school can be built. One group in Guatemala, Hug It Forward, first started using this idea in its projects. Because plastic bottle schools are cheaper than the other schools 58 (build) in the traditional way, other groups have also started similar projects around the world. Now, plastic-bottle schools can be found in 59 (place) such as South Africa, Cambodia and the Philippines. Through such projects, garbage is turned into something 60 (use). 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Emperors are the largest of all penguins (企鹅) — an average bird stands some 45 inches tall. These flightless 61 (animal) live on the Antarctic ice and in the extremely cold surrounding waters. They gather closely together to escape wind and conserve 62 (warm). Emperor penguins spend the long winter on the open ice — and even breed during this season. Females lay a single egg and then immediately leave it behind. They undertake 63 extended hunting trip that lasts some two months! Females may need to travel some 50 miles to find food. At sea, emperor penguins can dive to 1,850 feet — 64 (deep) than any other bird. Male emperors keep the newly laid eggs warm, 65 they do not sit on them, as many other birds do. Males stand and protect their eggs by 66 (balance) them on their feet and covering them with feathered skin. During this two-month’s babysitting the males eat nothing and are 67 the mercy of the Antarctic elements. When female penguins return, they bring a belly full of food for the newly hatched chicks. Meanwhile, their duty 68 (do), male emperors take to the sea in search of food for themselves. In December, Antarctic summer, the pack ice 69 (begin) to break up and open water appears near the breeding site, just as young emperor penguins are ready 70 (swim) and fish on their own. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $