内容正文:
人教版PEP五年级下册 Unit 1 Following the Rules 知识清单
一、核心词汇与例句
1.规则相关词汇
rule 规则
例句:Every school has its own rules.(每个学校都有自己的规则。)
obey 遵守
例句:We should obey the school rules.(我们应该遵守校规。)
follow 遵循
例句:Please follow the safety rules.(请遵循安全规则。)
must 必须
例句:You must wait for the green light.(你必须等待绿灯。)
should 应该
例句:We should be quiet in the library.(我们在图书馆应该保持安静。)
mustn't 禁止
例句:You mustn't run in the hallway.(禁止在走廊奔跑。)
2.公共场所行为词汇
queue 排队
例句:We should queue up for the bus.(我们应该排队等公交车。)
wait 等待
例句:Wait for your turn, please.(请等待你的轮次。)
cross 穿过
例句:Cross the street at the crosswalk.(在人行横道处过马路。)
park 停放
例句:Park your bike in the right place.(把你的自行车停放在正确的地方。)
litter 乱扔垃圾
例句:Don't litter in public places.(不要在公共场所乱扔垃圾。)
3.场所与设施词汇
crosswalk 人行横道
例句:Use the crosswalk when crossing the road.(过马路时走人行横道。)
traffic light 交通信号灯
例句:The traffic light turned red.(交通信号灯变红了。)
zebra crossing 斑马线
例句:Stop at the zebra crossing for pedestrians.(在斑马线为行人停车。)
subway 地铁
例句:Take the subway to avoid traffic jams.(乘地铁避免交通堵塞。)
library 图书馆
例句:Keep quiet in the library.(在图书馆保持安静。)
二、重点短语与例句
follow the rules 遵守规则
例句:Good students follow the rules.(好学生遵守规则。)
obey the law 遵守法律
例句:Everyone must obey the law.(每个人都必须遵守法律。)
wait for the green light 等待绿灯
例句:You must wait for the green light to cross.(你必须等待绿灯才能过马路。)
queue up 排队
例句:Queue up to buy tickets.(排队买票。)
keep quiet 保持安静
例句:Keep quiet in the hospital.(在医院保持安静。)
no smoking 禁止吸烟
例句:There is a "no smoking" sign here.(这里有一个"禁止吸烟"的标识。)
no parking 禁止停车
例句:This is a no parking area.(这是禁止停车区。)
keep off the grass 请勿践踏草坪
例句:The sign says "keep off the grass".(标识上写着"请勿践踏草坪"。)
三、核心句型与对话
1. 陈述规则要求
We must... 我们必须……
例句:We must wear seat belts in the car.(我们在车里必须系安全带。)
You should... 你应该……
例句:You should say "please" and "thank you".(你应该说"请"和"谢谢"。)
People have to... 人们不得不……
例句:People have to follow traffic rules.(人们不得不遵守交通规则。)
It's important to... ……很重要
例句:It's important to obey school rules.(遵守校规很重要。)
2. 禁止与限制表达
Don't... 不要……
例句:Don't talk loudly in public.(不要在公共场合大声说话。)
You mustn't... 你禁止……
例句:You mustn't use your phone while driving.(开车时禁止使用手机。)
No...ing 禁止……
例句:No smoking in this area.(本区域禁止吸烟。)
It's not allowed to... 不允许……
例句:It's not allowed to park here.(这里不允许停车。)
3. 询问规则信息
What are the rules for...? ……有什么规则?
回答:You should/must...(你应该/必须……)
对话:
A: What are the rules for the library?(图书馆有什么规则?)
B: You should keep quiet and return books on time.(你应该保持安静并按时还书。)
Can I... here? 我可以在这里……吗?
回答:Yes, you can./No, you can't.(是的,你可以。/不,你不可以。)
对话:
A: Can I park my bike here?(我可以在这里停放自行车吗?)
B: No, you can't. There's a no parking sign.(不,你不可以。那里有禁止停车的标识。)
Is it OK to...? ……可以吗?
回答:Yes, it is./No, it isn't.(是的,可以。/不,不可以。)
例句:Is it OK to take photos here?(这里可以拍照吗?) No, it isn't.(不,不可以。)
4. 解释规则原因
Why do we have to...? 为什么我们必须……?
回答:Because...(因为……)
对话:
A: Why do we have to wear school uniforms?(为什么我们必须穿校服?)
B: Because it makes us look neat and unified.(因为它让我们看起来整洁统一。)
This rule is for... 这条规则是为了……
例句:This rule is for everyone's safety.(这条规则是为了每个人的安全。)
If you..., you will... 如果你……,你将会……
例句:If you follow the rules, you will be safe.(如果你遵守规则,你将会安全。)
... helps to... ……有助于……
例句:Following traffic rules helps to prevent accidents.(遵守交通规则有助于预防事故。)
四、情景对话范例
对话1:交通规则对话
A: How do you go to school every day?
B: I walk to school.
A: Do you know the traffic rules for pedestrians?
B: Yes, I always walk on the sidewalk.
A: What about crossing the street?
B: I wait for the green light and use the crosswalk.
A: That's very good. Following traffic rules keeps us safe.
B: Yes, safety is the most important.
对话2:图书馆规则
A: Excuse me, can I talk in the library?
B: No, you must keep quiet in the library.
A: Why is that?
B: Because other people are reading and studying.
A: What other rules are there?
B: You mustn't eat or drink, and you should return books on time.
A: I understand. Rules make the library a good place for everyone.
B: That's right. Now let's read quietly.
对话3:讨论学校规则
Teacher: Today let's talk about our school rules.
Student A: We must wear our school uniforms.
Student B: And we should be on time for class.
Teacher: Why are these rules important?
Student C: Wearing uniforms makes us look tidy.
Student D: Being on time shows respect to teachers.
Teacher: Very good! Rules help our school run smoothly.
All: We will follow the school rules.
五、语法要点提示
1. 情态动词must的用法
must + 动词原形:表示必须做某事
例句:You must stop at red lights.(你必须在红灯时停车。)
must的否定形式:must not = mustn't
例句:You mustn't play with fire.(禁止玩火。)
must的疑问形式:Must I...?
例句:Must I wear a helmet?(我必须戴头盔吗?)
2. 情态动词should的用法
should + 动词原形:表示应该做某事
例句:You should help others.(你应该帮助他人。)
should的否定形式:should not = shouldn't
例句:You shouldn't waste water.(你不应该浪费水。)
should的疑问形式:Should I...?
例句:Should I queue here?(我应该在这里排队吗?)
3. 祈使句的肯定与否定形式
肯定祈使句:动词原形开头
例句:Be careful.(小心。)
否定祈使句:Don't + 动词原形
例句:Don't run.(不要跑。)
礼貌形式:Please + 动词原形
例句:Please wait here.(请在这里等待。)
4. 介词for表目的
for + 名词:表示为了……
例句:This rule is for safety.(这条规则是为了安全。)
for + 动词ing:表示用途
例句:This area is for parking only.(这个区域仅供停车。)
六、规则相关拓展表达
公共场合规则
Silence your phone.(手机静音。)
Take only what you need.(只拿你需要的。)
Respect others' space.(尊重他人的空间。)
Clean up after yourself.(自己清理干净。)
Follow posted instructions.(遵循张贴的指示。)
交通安全规则
Look both ways before crossing.(过马路前左右看。)
Use pedestrian bridges.(使用人行天桥。)
Wear reflective clothing at night.(夜晚穿反光衣服。)
Hold an adult's hand.(握住成人的手。)
Walk, don't run.(走,不要跑。)
学校行为规则
Raise your hand to speak.(举手发言。)
Listen when others are talking.(别人说话时认真听。)
Complete homework on time.(按时完成作业。)
Respect school property.(爱护学校财产。)
Help keep the school clean.(帮助保持学校清洁。)
规则的重要性
Rules keep us safe.(规则保证我们的安全。)
Rules make things fair.(规则让事情公平。)
Rules help us work together.(规则帮助我们合作。)
Rules create order.(规则创造秩序。)
Everyone should follow the rules.(每个人都应该遵守规则。)
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$