Unit 3 The world of science核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第三册

Unit 3 The world of science 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．press v．按→pressure n．压(力)；压强；强制 2．capable adj.有能力的→capability n．能力 3．desire n．渴望，欲望→desirable adj.想望的；可取的 4．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n．重要性，意义 5．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→injury n．伤；损害 6．accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地 7．minor adj.小的→minority n．少数 8．origin n．起源，起因→original adj.最初的，原始的 9．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上 10．declaration n．声明，宣告→declare v．宣布 11．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学 12．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地→entire adj.全部的，整个的 13．proof n．证明，证据→prove v．证明 一、单句语法填空 1．Social media is (significant) changing how people connect with each other worldwide. 【答案】significantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：社交媒体正在显著地改变世界各地人们的连接方式。根据句子结构，空格处修饰谓语动词“is changing”，应使用副词形式作状语。形容词significant的副词形式为significantly，表示“显著地、大幅度地”。故填significantly。 2．Not only my parents but also I (visit) the Bird’s Nest twice. 【答案】have visited 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：不仅我的父母，我也去过鸟巢两次。分析句子结构可知，not only...but also... 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，此处谓语动词应与靠近的主语I保持一致；再由twice可知，本句应用现在完成时，have visited符合语境。故填have visited。 3．Moreover, there is scientific (prove) that using chopsticks does us a lot of good, like increasing finger flexibility, improving eyesight, helping us lose weight and making us smarter. 【答案】proof 【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，有科学证据表明使用筷子对我们有很多好处，比如能增强手指的灵活性、改善视力、帮助我们减轻体重以及使我们变得更聪明。根据设空前的形容词scientific和设空后that引导的同位语从句可知，设空处应用名词形式，作there be句型的主语，prove对应的名词为proof。故填proof。 4．He   (pretend) not to know the truth for years to avoid getting into trouble. 【答案】has pretended/has been pretending 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：为了避免惹麻烦，他多年来一直假装不知道真相。根据for years可知，此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，可使用现在完成时has pretended，表示动作已完成但影响持续，或现在完成进行时has been pretending，表示动作仍在持续。故填has pretended/has been pretending。 5．All the students but one (pass) the exam already. 【答案】have passed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：除了一个学生之外，所有学生都已经通过了考试。当主语后接but短语时，谓语动词的单复数由but前的主语决定，本句中but前的主语All the students为复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式；句中already是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”，结合主语的复数形式，助动词使用have。故填have passed。 6．He has already (apply) for a scholarship (奖学金) to study abroad. 【答案】applied 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他已经申请了出国留学的奖学金。“has already”表明句子使用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，apply的过去分词形式是applied。故填applied。 7．They reached their conclusion through (science) methods and careful analysis. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们通过科学的方法和仔细的分析得出了结论。空处修饰名词methods，提示词的形容词scientific“科学的”符合题意，作前置定语。故填scientific。 8．In the last five years, several earthquakes (strike) my hometown. 【答案】have struck 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年里，我的家乡遭受了几次地震的袭击。根据上文In the last five years可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为earthquakes，助动词用have。故填have struck。 9．Foreigners often don’t understand the plot in Peking Opera play, but the books introduce the cultural and historical background, its character modeling, costumes and props, artistic (theory) and so on, he says. 【答案】theories 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他说，外国人往往不理解京剧中的情节，但这些书介绍了京剧的文化和历史背景、人物塑造、服装和道具、艺术理论等等。theory“理论”为可数名词，结合上文“costumes and props”可知，此处表示不止一种理论，应用复数形式，作introduce的宾语。故填theories。 10．He found that digital books were more convenient for travelling and (prefer) them ever since. 【答案】has preferred 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他发现电子书旅行时更方便，从那以后就更喜欢电子书了。根据时间状语“ever since”（从那以后）可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“He”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，“prefer”的过去分词为“preferred”，故填has preferred。   11．The (biology) studied plants and became famous in his country. 【答案】biologist 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位生物学家研究植物，并在他的国家出了名。设空处应填名词作主语，根据下文“studied plants(研究植物的人)”可知空白处应填表示“生物学家”含义的表达；所给词“biology”为名词，意为“生物学”，其表示“生物学家”含义的名词形式为“biologist”，且根据下文“became famous in his country(在他的国家出了名)”可知主语为单数，故填biologist。 12．Whatever great progress Lucy (make) so far, she always remains modest. 【答案】has made 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：无论露西到目前为止取得了多大的进步，她总是保持谦虚。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“Lucy”为第三人称单数，助动词应用has，make的过去分词为made。故填has made。 13．Though some doubted the (experiment) safety, Franklin's work advanced the study of electricity. His contributions remain influential in science. 【答案】experiment’s 【详解】考查名词的所有格。句意：虽然有人怀疑实验的安全性，但富兰克林的工作推动了电学的研究。他的贡献在科学界仍有影响力。表示“实验的”安全性，用名词所有格，experiment的所有格是experiment’s。故填experiment’s。 14．It was meant to sound like an epoch-making (declare). 【答案】declaration 【详解】考查名词。句意：它本应听起来像是一个划时代的宣言。空前是形容词“epoch-making(划时代的)”，该空需要填一个名词，作“sound like”的宾语，动词declare的名词形式为“declaration(宣言)”，且空前有不定冠词an，所以这里用名词单数形式。故填declaration。 15．When Kendall was sixteen, we thought she would be (cure) soon. 【答案】cured 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：当肯德尔十六岁时，我们以为她很快就会被治愈。主语she与谓语动词 cure之间是被动关系，结合前面的would be可知，此处为“情态动词+ be done”结构，应填过去分词构成被动语态，cure 的过去分词是cured。故填cured。 16．After the (introduce) of the modern equipment, the factory produced twice as many cars as the year before. 【答案】introduction 【详解】考查名词。句意：现代设备引进后，这家工厂生产的汽车是前一年的两倍。根据空前定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，此处应用introduce的名词形式introduction，作介词after的宾语，意为“引进”，为不可数名词。故填introduction。 17．Our monitor suggested (have) a picnic this weekend. 【答案】having 【详解】查动名词。句意：我们的班长建议这个周末去野餐。根据空前suggested可知，空处需用动名词作宾语，suggest doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，所以空处需用have的动名词having。故填having。 18．When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my (desire) research direction. 【答案】desired 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我申请研究生院时，我发现了三个项目，它们都有望让我追随自己想要的研究方向。根据空后research direction可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词，desire的形容词desired“想要的，渴望的”，符合题意。故填desired。 19．The old teacher has (teach) in this school for thirty years. 【答案】taught 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位老教师已经在这所学校教了三十年书。句中有助动词“has”，结合时间状语“for thirty years”（持续了三十年），可知此处需用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 动词的过去分词”，所给词“teach”为动词，意为“教”，其过去分词形式是“taught”，符合语境。故填taught。 20．He still hasn’t (pay) me the money he borrowed two years ago. 【答案】paid 【详解】考查时态。句意：他还没有还我两年前借的钱。空处应填过去分词和前面的hasn’t构成现在完成时，故填paid。 二、单词拼写 21．In order to know a foreign language (完全地), four things are necessary. 【答案】entirely/completely 【详解】考查副词。句意：要想完全掌握一门外语，有四件事是必不可少的。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“完全地”用entirely或completely，为副词，此处用来修饰动词know，作状语，符合语境。故填entirely或completely。 22．Nowadays, many factories have (取代) most of their workers with robots. 【答案】replaced 【详解】考查动词。句意：如今，许多工厂已经用机器人取代了大部分工人。根据汉语提示可知用动词replace，结合have可知为现在完成时。故填replaced。 23．The customer service team has (联系) all clients about the new product. 【答案】contacted 【详解】考查动词。句意：客户服务团队已经就新产品与所有客户建立了联系。“联系”作谓语，用动词contact，强调已经发生的动作造成的影响，用现在完成时态has contacted。故填contacted。 24．They measured the (准确的) dimensions of the room to ensure that the new furniture would fit in the space. 【答案】accurate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们测量了房间的准确尺寸，以确保新家具能放进这个空间。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“准确的”应用accurate，为形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词dimensions，符合语境。故填accurate。 25．The old temple has (见证) the city’s historic changes over several decades. 【答案】witnessed/seen 【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：这座古老的寺庙见证了这座城市几十年来的历史性变迁。根据汉语提示“见证”、空前“has”及时间状语“over several decades”可知，此空需用过去分词witnessed或seen，与has一起构成现在完成时，作谓语。故填witnessed/ seen。 26．Recently, students have (交换) their opinions on how to learn English well beyond the classroom. 【答案】exchanged 【详解】考查动词。句意：最近，学生们就如何在课堂之外学好英语交换了意见。根据汉语提示“交换”可知，用动词exchange；本空用过去分词，与空前的have构成现在完成时，强调动作已经完成。故填exchanged。 27．Our plans are supposed to be (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 【答案】flexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划应该足够灵活，以满足每个人的需求。根据汉语提示“灵活的”可知，此处为形容词flexible，作表语。故填flexible。 28．She has an (非凡的) talent for playing the piano. 【答案】extraordinary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她有非凡的弹钢琴天赋。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词talent，“非凡的”的形容词是extraordinary。故填extraordinary。 29．So far 50 students (注册) for the course on how to learn to play chess. 【答案】have registered 【详解】考查动词。句意：到目前为止，已有50名学生注册了关于如何学习下国际象棋的课程。根据汉语提示“注册”可知，本空用动词register，结合时间状语so far可知，此处使用现在完成时，强调已经完成的动作，主语50 students为复数，助动词用have。故填have registered。 30．Another easy activity is regular exercise, which has been found to be an effective way to improve memory and (心理的) performance. 【答案】mental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：另一种简单的活动是规律运动，研究发现这是改善记忆力和心理表现的有效方法。此处为形容词修饰名词“performance”，根据汉语提示“心理的”，对应的英文形容词是mental；mental performance为常用搭配，意为“心理表现、心智表现”。故填mental。 三、完成句子 31．公司对多样性的鼓励导致了一个更加包容的工作场所环境。 The company’s encouragement of has in a more inclusive workplace environment. 【答案】 diversity resulted 【详解】考查名词和固定短语。第一空“多样性”用名词diversity，作介词of的宾语，所以第一空为diversity；第二空表示“导致”用固定短语result in，结合has可知，此处用过去分词resulted。故填①diversity②resulted。 32．然而，她从来没有向我要过回报。 However, she has never from me. 【答案】 asked for anything in return 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。表示“向某人要某物”用ask for sth. from sb.，ask用过去分词形式，与has构成现在完成时；表示“任何东西”用anything，作ask for的宾语；表示“作为回报”用in return，为固定短语。故填asked for anything in return。 33．我姐姐过去比较害羞，但是自从参加了俱乐部她活跃起来了。 My sister , but she has come to life since she joined the club. 【答案】used to be shy 【详解】考查动词短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“过去比较害羞”。“过去常常做某事”应用动词短语used to do sth.，“害羞”应用形容词shy，需与系动词be搭配。故填used to be shy。 34．我和他都不能够了解她。 Neither he nor I . 【答案】am able to understand her 【详解】考查动词短语和就近原则。根据句意以及句子结构可知，“neither...nor...”：既不…… 也不……，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。表示“能够了解她”应为动词短语be able to understand her；此处be动词应为am。故填am able to understand her。 35．格林先生和他的妻子及孩子已经来到中国。 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, . 【答案】has come to China 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“来到中国”短语为come to China，表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时，谓语与Mr Green保持一致，用has。故填has come to China。 36．更糟糕的是，最近我得了重感冒，现在感觉特别不舒服。 What’s worse, I lately and I am really not myself. 【答案】 have caught a bad cold 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据汉语提示，表示“得了重感冒”用catch a bad cold，句中lately表示“最近”，为现在完成时的时间标志。主语为I，故助动词使用have。故答案为have caught a bad cold。 37．我的同学们和我都没有受到老师的惩罚。 by our teacher. 【答案】Neither my classmates nor I was punished 【详解】考查固定句型、动词语态、主谓一致。表示“既不……也不……”用neither... nor...，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“我的同学们”用my classmates，表示“我”用I，作主语。本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，表示“惩罚”用punish，与主语之间为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，当使用neither...nor...结构时，谓语动词应遵循就近原则，be动词用was。故填Neither my classmates nor I was punished。 38．互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。 The Internet even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 【答案】has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily 【详解】考查时态和it作形式宾语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，“make it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”，意为“使某人做某事……”，句中“it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语，“possible”表示“可能的”，“friends and family”表示“朋友和家人”，“keep in touch”表示“保持联系”，“easily”表示“容易地”，“has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily”表示“使朋友和家人很容易保持联系”。故填has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily。 39．非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生的。 It’s an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has my life. 【答案】had an impact on 【详解】考查动词短语。“影响”为have an impact on，在句中作谓语，结合句意和has可知，本句为现在完成时。故填had an impact on。 40．现代音乐如爵士摆脱了旧的传统规则。 Modern music like jazz has the old traditional rules. 【答案】 got rid of 【详解】考查动词时态。根据汉语提示，表示“摆脱”用get rid of。此处应该使用过去分词与前文has构成现在完成时。故填got；rid；of。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever noticed that some people can eat 41 (free) and stay in shape, while others eat less but still gain weight? Scientists believe that some people can stay thin because of their parents. 42 (see) if this was true, scientists did experiments on mice. They fed the mice 43 the same amount of food. Some 44 (gain) weight while others stayed thin. They concluded genetics (遗传) influenced weight gain. The study of weight gain is becoming more important. That’s because the number of people 45 are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over 70% of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of 46 (illness) such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Nowadays, medicines for weight control do not work very well. The reason is that these medicines may have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it 47 (take) a long time to develop new drugs. Therefore, scientists 48 health experts all agree that, now,the best way to control weight is to have 49 healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle. This will help them stay healthy and 50 (energy). 【答案】 41．freely 42．To see 43．with 44．gained 45．who/that 46．illnesses 47．takes 48．and 49．a 50．energetic 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过老鼠实验发现遗传对体重增加有影响，并指出控制体重的最佳方法是健康饮食和积极生活方式。 41．考查副词。句意：你有没有注意到，有些人可以自由地吃东西，保持身材，而另一些人吃得更少，但体重仍然增加？本空修饰动词eat，作状语，用副词freely“自由地”。故填freely。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了验证这是否属实，科学家们在老鼠身上做了实验。本空在句中作目的状语，用see的不定式，句首单词，首字母大写。故填To see。 43．考查介词。句意：他们给老鼠喂等量的食物。固定搭配feed sb/sth with sth，意为“给……喂……”，本空用介词with。故填with。 44．考查动词时态。句意：有些体重增加，有些则保持苗条。根据stayed可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语用gain“获得”的过去式。故填gained。 45．考查定语从句。句意：这是因为超重的人数持续增加。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是people，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指人，用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 46．考查名词复数。句意：这意味着他们有患高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险。illness“疾病”是可数名词，根据“such as high blood pressure and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种疾病，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填illnesses。 47．考查动词时态。句意：然而，开发新药需要很长时间。本句描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语用take“花费”的第三人称单数形式。故填takes。 48．考查连词。句意：因此，科学家和健康专家都同意，现在，控制体重的最佳方法是健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式。scientists和health experts之间是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 49．考查冠词。句意：因此，科学家和健康专家都同意，现在，控制体重的最佳方法是健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式。此处泛指“一种健康、均衡的饮食”，且healthy以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 50．考查形容词。句意：这将帮助他们保持健康和精力充沛。本空和healthy并列，修饰them，作宾语补足语，用形容词energetic“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each human body is home to microbes, whose combined cells may outnumber human cells. There is no question that the microbiome residing on and inside us shape our health. But how, exactly, do they do it? It’s a question that 51 (real) interested Sloan Devlin when she was a young researcher fresh out of a PhD program in organic chemistry. At that time, research on 52 these microbiomes function seemed very limited. It was early 2010s, and Devlin had seen the many studies and headlines 53 (link) the microbiome to everything from autoimmune disorders to medicine resistance, energy use, 54 even mood. But research explaining why those links existed seemed very rare. That knowledge gap didn’t scare the young scientist; instead, she says, it “seemed like a breath of fresh air”. She’d been searching for a way to put her chemistry knowledge to use 55 (solve) big, unanswered questions in biology. More than a decade later, she admits that the thought was rather naive. “There are huge challenges that come with entering a field that is so 56 (complicate),” wrote Devlin, now an associate professor. How do we start to understand how hundreds of different bacteria making lots of molecules affect complex 57 (disease)? It’s still 58 open question. But with the entry of chemists like Devlin into the field over the years, their collective work 59 (help) push microbiome research into a new phase: from raising suspicions that the microbial ecosystems within us greatly influence our health to understanding the mechanisms through which they do it. What they’re discovering will be key 60 developing treatments that target the microbiome to improve health. 【答案】 51．really 52．how 53．linking 54．and 55．to solve 56．complicated 57．diseases 58．an 59．has helped 60．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家斯隆·德夫林探究微生物组影响人体健康的机制，该领域研究虽存挑战但已迈入新阶段。 51．考查副词。句意：当斯隆·德夫林还是一名刚完成有机化学博士学业的年轻研究者时，这个问题确实让她很感兴趣。此处修饰动词interested，用real的副词形式really，意为“确实，真正地”。故填really。 52．考查宾语从句。句意：当时，关于这些微生物组如何发挥作用的研究似乎非常有限。此处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，表“如何”，用连接副词how。故填how。 53．考查非谓语动词。句意：那是21世纪初，德夫林看到了许多研究和新闻标题将微生物组与自身免疫性疾病、抗药性、能量消耗甚至情绪等一切事物联系起来。此处为非谓语动词作定语，studies and headlines与link为主动关系，用现在分词linking。故填linking。 54．考查连词。句意：那是21世纪初，德夫林看到了许多研究和新闻标题将微生物组与自身免疫性疾病、抗药性、能量消耗甚至情绪等一切事物联系起来。此处autoimmune disorders、medicine resistance、energy use与mood为并列的名词短语，表示并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：她一直在寻找一种方法，将自己的化学知识用于解决生物学中尚未解答的重大问题。此处为非谓语动词作目的状语，“寻找方法的目的是解决问题”，需用动词不定式to solve。故填to solve。 56．考查形容词。句意：如今已是副教授的德夫林写道：“进入一个如此复杂的领域，会面临巨大的挑战。”此处位于副词so之后，作表语，用complicate的形容词形式complicated，意为“复杂的”。故填complicated。 57．考查名词复数。句意：我们该如何开始理解数百种不同的细菌产生的大量分子如何影响复杂的疾病？此处disease为可数名词，前文无不定冠词修饰，结合语境表示泛指多种复杂疾病，用复数形式diseases。故填diseases。 58．考查冠词。句意：这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。此处泛指“一个悬而未决的问题”，open是发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 59．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但多年来，随着德夫林等化学家进入该领域，他们的集体研究成果帮助推动微生物组研究进入了一个新阶段：从怀疑我们体内的微生物生态系统对健康有重大影响，到理解其作用机制。根据时间状语over the years可知，此处强调动作从过去持续到现在并产生影响，用现在完成时，主语their collective work为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has helped。故填has helped。 60．考查介词。句意：他们的发现将成为开发以微生物组为靶点改善健康的治疗方法的关键。固定搭配be key to doing sth.，意为“是做某事的关键”，空处需填介词to。故填to。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The world of science 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．press v．按→ n．压(力)；压强；强制 2．capable adj.有能力的→ n．能力 3．desire n．渴望，欲望→ adj.想望的；可取的 4．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→ n．重要性，意义 5．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→ n．伤；损害 6．accurate adj.精确的→ adv.精确地 7．minor adj.小的→ n．少数 8．origin n．起源，起因→ adj.最初的，原始的 9．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→ adv.精神上；智力上 10．declaration n．声明，宣告→ v．宣布 11．scientific adj.科学(上)的→ n．科学 12．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地→ adj.全部的，整个的 13．proof n．证明，证据→ v．证明 一、单句语法填空 1．Social media is (significant) changing how people connect with each other worldwide. 2．Not only my parents but also I (visit) the Bird’s Nest twice. 3．Moreover, there is scientific (prove) that using chopsticks does us a lot of good, like increasing finger flexibility, improving eyesight, helping us lose weight and making us smarter. 4．He   (pretend) not to know the truth for years to avoid getting into trouble. 5．All the students but one (pass) the exam already. 6．He has already (apply) for a scholarship (奖学金) to study abroad. 7．They reached their conclusion through (science) methods and careful analysis. 8．In the last five years, several earthquakes (strike) my hometown. 9．Foreigners often don’t understand the plot in Peking Opera play, but the books introduce the cultural and historical background, its character modeling, costumes and props, artistic (theory) and so on, he says. 10．He found that digital books were more convenient for travelling and (prefer) them ever since. 11．The (biology) studied plants and became famous in his country. 12．Whatever great progress Lucy (make) so far, she always remains modest. 13．Though some doubted the (experiment) safety, Franklin's work advanced the study of electricity. His contributions remain influential in science. 14．It was meant to sound like an epoch-making (declare). 15．When Kendall was sixteen, we thought she would be (cure) soon. 16．After the (introduce) of the modern equipment, the factory produced twice as many cars as the year before. 17．Our monitor suggested (have) a picnic this weekend. 18．When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my (desire) research direction. 19．The old teacher has (teach) in this school for thirty years. 20．He still hasn’t (pay) me the money he borrowed two years ago. 二、单词拼写 21．In order to know a foreign language (完全地), four things are necessary. 22．Nowadays, many factories have (取代) most of their workers with robots. 23．The customer service team has (联系) all clients about the new product. 24．They measured the (准确的) dimensions of the room to ensure that the new furniture would fit in the space. 25．The old temple has (见证) the city’s historic changes over several decades. 26．Recently, students have (交换) their opinions on how to learn English well beyond the classroom. 27．Our plans are supposed to be (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 28．She has an (非凡的) talent for playing the piano. 29．So far 50 students (注册) for the course on how to learn to play chess. 30．Another easy activity is regular exercise, which has been found to be an effective way to improve memory and (心理的) performance. 三、完成句子 31．公司对多样性的鼓励导致了一个更加包容的工作场所环境。 The company’s encouragement of has in a more inclusive workplace environment. 32．然而，她从来没有向我要过回报。 However, she has never from me. 33．我姐姐过去比较害羞，但是自从参加了俱乐部她活跃起来了。 My sister , but she has come to life since she joined the club. 34．我和他都不能够了解她。 Neither he nor I . 35．格林先生和他的妻子及孩子已经来到中国。 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, . 36．更糟糕的是，最近我得了重感冒，现在感觉特别不舒服。 What’s worse, I lately and I am really not myself. 37．我的同学们和我都没有受到老师的惩罚。 by our teacher. 38．互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。 The Internet even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 39．非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生的。 It’s an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has my life. 40．现代音乐如爵士摆脱了旧的传统规则。 Modern music like jazz has the old traditional rules. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever noticed that some people can eat 41 (free) and stay in shape, while others eat less but still gain weight? Scientists believe that some people can stay thin because of their parents. 42 (see) if this was true, scientists did experiments on mice. They fed the mice 43 the same amount of food. Some 44 (gain) weight while others stayed thin. They concluded genetics (遗传) influenced weight gain. The study of weight gain is becoming more important. That’s because the number of people 45 are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over 70% of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of 46 (illness) such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Nowadays, medicines for weight control do not work very well. The reason is that these medicines may have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it 47 (take) a long time to develop new drugs. Therefore, scientists 48 health experts all agree that, now,the best way to control weight is to have 49 healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle. This will help them stay healthy and 50 (energy). 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each human body is home to microbes, whose combined cells may outnumber human cells. There is no question that the microbiome residing on and inside us shape our health. But how, exactly, do they do it? It’s a question that 51 (real) interested Sloan Devlin when she was a young researcher fresh out of a PhD program in organic chemistry. At that time, research on 52 these microbiomes function seemed very limited. It was early 2010s, and Devlin had seen the many studies and headlines 53 (link) the microbiome to everything from autoimmune disorders to medicine resistance, energy use, 54 even mood. But research explaining why those links existed seemed very rare. That knowledge gap didn’t scare the young scientist; instead, she says, it “seemed like a breath of fresh air”. She’d been searching for a way to put her chemistry knowledge to use 55 (solve) big, unanswered questions in biology. More than a decade later, she admits that the thought was rather naive. “There are huge challenges that come with entering a field that is so 56 (complicate),” wrote Devlin, now an associate professor. How do we start to understand how hundreds of different bacteria making lots of molecules affect complex 57 (disease)? It’s still 58 open question. But with the entry of chemists like Devlin into the field over the years, their collective work 59 (help) push microbiome research into a new phase: from raising suspicions that the microbial ecosystems within us greatly influence our health to understanding the mechanisms through which they do it. What they’re discovering will be key 60 developing treatments that target the microbiome to improve health. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $